Oasys
Training
Introduction to GSA
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Training
Introduction to GSA
Contents
Page
1
Introduction to GSA
1
1.1
1
Programme:
2
History
2
3
GSA Views
2
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
Gateway
Object Viewer
Data Defaults
Table Views
Graphic Views
Output Views
Report View
4
Workshop 1: Working with an existing structure
4
5
Workshop 2: Setting up a structure from scratch
8
6
General Concepts
9
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
Axes
Element Releases
Beam orientations
Constraints
Element Offsets
Grid Loads
Analysis Cases and Combination Cases
Lists and Sets
Importing and Exporting Data
Cursor Modes in Graphic Views
Toolbars and Keyboard Accelerators
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10
10
11
12
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13
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15
16
1
Introduction to GSA
•
Trainer:
Peter Debney
•
Duration:
6.5 hours
1.1
Programme:
•
Introduction to the program
• Hardware and OS
• Capacity
• Preferences
• Views
• View layouts
• On-line help
•
Workshop 1: Working with an existing
structure
• Manipulating graphic images
• Cursor modes in Graphic Views
• Sets and lists
• Adding loads
• Editing tables
• Analysing the model
• Correcting errors
• Viewing results in Graphic Views
and Output Views
• Setting up an envelope
• Analysis Cases v Combination
Cases
• Output options
• Saving views
• The Object Viewer
•
Workshop 2: Setting up a
structure from scratch
• The 'New Structure' and
'Generate Data' wizards
• Sculpt
• Units
• User axes and the Definition
Axes
• Construction grid
• Sculpt geometry cursor
modes
• Beam Sections
• Standard and User Materials
• Undo and Redo
•
Importing and exporting data
• CIS (CIMsteel) step files
• Spreadsheet output
• DXF files
• WMF/PNG/JPEG output
• Animation and recording
AVI files
Oasys
2
Training
Introduction to GSA
History
GSA was first released in 1984 as a static solver option in the Arup DEC-10 STructural
ANalysis program, STAN.
It was released as a self-contained frame analysis program for the PC in 1986.
Over the following ten years the program evolved with the gradual implementation of
features such as the section database, colour graphics, modal analysis, 2D elements,
mouse operation etc.
Being an old fashioned, FORTRAN program with no dynamic allocation of memory the
capacity of the program had to be set at the time the program was built according to the
limitations of the typical hardware it was targeted at. In about 1988 it became evident
that more capacity was needed than could be provided in the PC version. A Sun
workstation version of GSA was developed. In 1993 even this was found to be
insufficient, so an extra-large version of Sun GSA was built, namely GSA-XL.
In 1995 it was decided that GSA should be converted into a Windows program and that
the Arup non-linear analysis program, Fablon, should be incorporated into GSA. Apart
from offering an up to date interface it was predicted that a true 32 bit Windows version
could offer effectively unlimited capacity. Work began in earnest in 1996.
The first general issue of the Windows version of GSA was GSA 7.1. This was released
at the end of 1997.
The development of the Windows version of GSA continues. There is no further
development planned for the DOS and UNIX versions of GSA.
3
GSA Views
3.1
Gateway
The Gateway is split into three pages: Tables, Output and Views.
The Tables page displays a tree control of input data tables that are available in GSA.
The number of records held in each table is indicated alongside the data item. Double
clicking on an item opens the corresponding Table View.
The Output page displays a tree control of all the currently available Output View data
options, depending on the current state of the model. Double clicking on an item opens
a new Output View of that data. Multiple selection of data items is possible; double
click on the last item to be selected to open the Output View. Once open, an Output
View opened in this manner behaves as any other Output View so the Output
Specification may be edited to change the data option etc.
The Views page gives access to Graphic Views and Output Views. GSA offers the
facility to save preferred settings for Graphic Views and Output Views and to save
instances of these with a model. As well as giving access to default views the Views
page also offers preferred and saved views.
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3.2
Training
Introduction to GSA
Object Viewer
The Object Viewer is split into two pages: Properties and Report.
The Properties page is where the properties are displayed for a selected item. These can
be the properties for a selected node or element in a Graphic View, the properties of a
particular record in a Table View etc.
The Report page displays specified results for a node or element that is selected in a
Graphic View.
3.3
Data Defaults
The Defaults page displays and allows the editing of data defaults that are commonly
used during graphical sculpting of the model, e.g. Nodes, Elements, Members or
Constraints.
3.4
Table Views
Table Views are used for editing data that is most conveniently presented in a table.
Some Table Views are split into separate pages, either to break down the length of very
long records (e.g. Nodes) or to enable modules that naturally belong together (e.g. Beam
Loads). No more than one instance of each Table View is allowed per document.
Eg Nodes, Elements, Beam Sections, Beam Loads.
3.5
Graphic Views
Graphic Views display a graphic image of the structure. Any number of Graphic Views
may be opened for a document.
3.6
Output Views
Output Views display tabular output. Any number of Output Views may be opened for a
document.
3.7
Report View
The Report View displays a log of output from some non-interactive process such as a
data check or analysis. Typically double clicking on warning or error messages will
result in a relevant Table View being opened at a relevant record.
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4
Training
Introduction to GSA
Workshop 1: Working with an existing
structure
Workshop 1 example
File: TrUsg_Ex1.gwb
File TrUsg_Ex1.gwb contains a simple model of a footbridge. This file is installed with
GSA in the ‘samples’ folder, off the program folder.
Eg "C:\Program Files\Oasys\GSA 8.7\Samples\Training_Using\TrUsg_Ex1.gwb"
Use this model to explore the following operations in GSA.
The ‘Toolbars’ section of the GSA online help will help to identify the toolbars.
Operation
Method
Open the model listed above
(A Graphic View is opened automatically)
Reset the preferences to the GSA defaults including
default view settings
‘Tools | Reset Preferences’
Set the Timed Backup Interval preference as required
‘Tools | Preferences | Miscellaneous | Timed
Backup Interval’
Experiment with resizing the view
Ctrl + number key pad
e.g. Ctrl+5 to maximize
Experiment with standard views:
Plan, X elevation, Y elevation, Isometric, Skew, Ground
Yellow toolbar buttons
Drag the mouse to rotate the structure
Set the cursor mode to ‘Rotate’
Adjust your preferences to cause the structure to rotate
as a 'ghost' image
‘Tools | Preferences | Graphics | Limit before ghost
image…’
Re-scale to fit the window
‘Scale to Fit’ yellow toolbar button
Label ‘Node Dots’, ‘Node Numbers’, ‘Restraints’,
‘Element Numbers’, ‘Element Releases’, and ‘Element
x axes’
- from the Display Favourites toolbar
Toggle the restraint/release between symbols and text
Tools / Preferences / Graphics / Restraint Symbols
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Operation
Shrink the elements
Training
Introduction to GSA
Method
‘Shrink’ – you may find that element releases are
easier to see
Set the current settings as the default view settings
‘View | Save Default View Settings’
Experiment with other labelling options:
e.g. Global Axes, Section Shapes, Element Releases
‘Labels and Display Methods’
Display beam elements as solid sections
‘Section Display’
Experiment with other display methods:
Colour elements by property, other methods of
displaying beams and bars
‘Labels and Display Methods’
Experiment with element transparency
Graphical Settings / Translucency
Do an edge check
‘Wizard’
opens ‘Wizard: Graphic Settings’,
then ‘Highlight Edges’ in the Graphic Settings
dialog
(Graphic Settings can also be accessed from the
Graphic View right-click menu or by doubleclicking on the graphical window)
Experiment with zooming and panning in the Rotate
cursor mode
Set the cursor mode to ‘Rotate’ and Ctrl+drag
vertically and Shft+drag
Experiment with zooming and panning using the
IntelliMouse wheel
In any cursor mode, spin the wheel and drag while
pressing the wheel
Experiment with zooming in the Zoom cursor mode
Set the cursor mode to ‘Zoom’ then drag a
rectangle
Shift the object point and rotate the image
Set the cursor mode to ‘Rotate’ and Ctrl+click on a
node
Display the X elevation
Switch the image to a perspective view
Ctrl+Alt+P
Adjust the eye distance
Set the cursor mode to ‘Rotate’ and Ctrl+drag
horizontally
Regenerate the image and note the effect on labels sizes
and orientations
‘Regenerate Graphic View’
Observe the effect of standard views, rotating, zooming
etc. on the orientation settings
‘Wizard’
opens ‘Wizard: Graphic Settings’,
then ‘Orientation Settings’
Define a ‘volume’ of elements to be drawn
Set the cursor mode to ‘Volume’ and drag a
rectangle around some elements
Lock the Volume cursor mode on
Click the ‘Volume’ toolbar button when Volume is
already current
Exclude some elements from the current volume of
elements
Ctrl+drag
When forming a volume, observe the difference
between dragging to the right and dragging to the left
when dragging the rectangle
Use Undo View
to go back when necessary
Switch the Volume cursor mode off by setting, say, the
Rotate cursor mode
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Operation
Revert to default label settings and display methods, etc.
and display the whole model
Method
‘Reset Display Adornments’
and ‘Reset to All Entities’ on the Graphic View
toolbar
Set the cursor mode to ‘Select Nodes’
Experiment with selecting nodes and elements
or
‘Select Elements’
then click, Ctrl+click,
Shft+click, drag, Ctrl+drag and Shft+drag
Right clicking on nodes and elements, try 'Edit' data and
'Go to' data
Select the deck elements
‘Find’ (on the ‘Data Options’ toolbar)
Elements | PB3
Save the deck as a list
‘Edit | Save Selection As List’
Apply labels to the deck only
‘Labels and Display Methods’ dialog box and
check ‘Apply to Selection’ with the element labels
Apply a new load case 2: a UDL on the deck (e.g. -1e5
N/m or -100 kN/m)
With the deck elements selected, ‘Copy’ (Ctrl+C)
and then, with the cursor in the Beam List field in
the Beam Loads table, ‘Paste’ (Ctrl+V)
Apply the self-weight of the structure to load case 3
Via Loading / Gravity table
Draw the loads diagrams for all load types in all load
cases
‘All Load Diagrams’
;
select ‘All’ in the Cases field on the graphic
window
Adjust the width of the legend and adjust the view such
that the image is offset from the legend
‘Wizard: Graphic Settings’
View all of the input data in an Output View
Note the difference between accessing from ‘New
Output View’ and the Gateway
‘View | New Output View’
Double click on ‘All Input Data’ on the Output tab
of the Gateway
Carry out a static analysis of the structure
‘Analyse’ on the GSA toolbar
Inspect the Report View and use this to investigate
reported warnings
Double click on the message
Close the Report View
Open the Report View (Note that links are now
disabled)
‘View | Open Report View’
Use the Gateway to open an Output View of ‘Total
Loads and Reactions’
Double click or right-click on item in the ‘Output’
tab of the Gateway
Edit the Output View settings:
•
Change the output to be of both Nodal
Displacements and Reactions
•
Output 'By case' and switch off the table
Specify an enveloping combination case;
e.g. (1.2 or -1.2)A1 + (1.6 or 0)A2 + 1.4A3
‘Wizard’ (on the Data Options toolbar) when an
Output View is current
Gateway | Cases & Tasks | Combination Cases |
description
Get an Output View of Beam and Spring Forces and
Moments.
Get a Graphic View of the displacement, Reactions,
Axial, Fz shear, & Myy bending moment diagrams for
the enveloping case
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Display Favourites toolbar
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Operation
Method
Remove the result displays, select some elements and
get a graphic view of the results for just those elements.
On the Display Favourites toolbar, select ‘Apply
Adornments to Selection’ first
Set the cursor mode to ‘Select for Annotation’
Annotate the diagrams on selected elements
then select elements
OR
Select elements then ‘Edit | Annotate Selection’
In the Diagram Settings dialog box:
Specify a range of extents (e.g. + or - 10e6).
Change the units.
Change the numeric format
‘Diagram Settings’
Arrange the Output View and Graphic View so as both
are visible
‘Tile Horizontal’ from the right-click menu
obtained when over the GSA background
Use <current selection> to display only selected
elements
‘Display | Elements’ on the ‘Lists’ toolbar for the
Graphic View
Copy a set of elements from the Graphic View onto the
clip-board
Select and Ctrl+C
Paste these elements into the Output View element list
Ctrl+V
Set up the Output View so that the elements displayed
change with the current Graphic View selection of
elements
Set the elements list to <current selection>
Select elements in the Graphic View
Base the Output View enveloping on just the Myy
component
‘Further Options’ from the Output Wizard
Specify a range of interest for the Myy component
‘Further Options’ from the Output Wizard
Save both the Graphic View and the Output View
‘View | Save [Graphic/Output] View…’
Open the saved views
Views tab on the Gateway
OR
‘Display | Views’ on the ‘Lists’ toolbar
Inspect the properties of a node
‘Node Properties’ on the right-click menu
OR
Open the Object Viewer from the GSA toolbar and
click on a node
Inspect the Beam and Spring Forces and Moments for
an element
Change the case of the results reported in the Object
Viewer
Inspect the Loads and Reactions and see if they match
Compare the loads and resulting deflections
On the Report tab of the Object Viewer select
‘Beam and Spring Forces and Moments’ and then
click on elements
Change the case in the current Graphic View using
both the case selection and + - toggles
Output | Global Results | Total Loads & Reactions
on the Output tab of the Gateway or the Output
Wizard
Switch on the Deformed Image
and All Load Diagrams
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5
Training
Introduction to GSA
Workshop 2: Setting up a structure from
scratch
Create the building using the following tools:
• Direct data table entry
• Sculpt tools
• CAD import
• The 'New Structure' and 'Generate Data'
wizards
• Sculpt
• Units
• User axes and the Definition Axes
• Construction grid
• Sculpt geometry cursor modes
• Beam Sections
• Standard and User Materials
• Undo and Redo
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Introduction to GSA
6
General Concepts
We recommend that you read the Working with the Program section in the GSA help
file as it is as part of the training course. To save paper, we have not included this in the
hand-out.
6.1
Axes
Axis set definitions
z
z
z
r
θ
φ
θ
y
r
x
Cylindrical
Cartesian
Spherical
Beam element axes: vertical
Beam element axes: non-vertical
x
Z
Z
z'
2
z
β
x
y'
2
y
z
1
y
1
Y
β
Y
X
X
Normal
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Global Axes: vertical
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Local Axes
6.2
Global Axes: non-vertical
Element Releases
OK: GSA automatically removes rotational freedom
No good: GSA is fooled into allowing nodes to rotate about longitudinal axis
6.3
Beam orientations
Default
By Node
Orientation angle = 0°
No orientation node
Orientation angle = 0°
No orientation node
Orientation node
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By Angle
By Node & Angle
Orientation angle = 90°
Orientation angle = 90°
No orientation node
Orientation node
6.4
Constraints
Constraints
Simple constraints
Constraints are where a condition is
applied to a degree of freedom in the
model:
•
Restraints
• ui = 0
Settlements
• ui = settlement
•
Restraints
Settlements
Joints
Rigid constraints
•
•
•
•
These constraints can all be represented
as constraints equations.
ui = f(uj,uk,…)
•
Rigid constraints
Joints
Two degrees of freedom in the model
are linked in a given direction
• usi = umi
Joints relate the displacement/force at
the slave degree of freedom s to the
master degree of freedom m.
Joints are an “artificial” feature and
can be misused.
Joints may not give an equilibrium
condition
F
•
•
•
•
Rigid constraints are a set of
constraint equations that maintain
equilibrium
For a rigid constraint in the x-y plane
the equations are
• usx = umx - umθz . x
• usy = umy + umθz . y
• usθz = umθz
F
•
•
F
F
M=Fx
moment lost
Slave
Master
Slave
x
Master
Rigid constraints can be applied in all directions or applied to a specified plane. The
master node can be constrained or be a slave of another constraint, the slave node
cannot be constrained or be a slave of another constraint. A Rigid constraint can be
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considered as a rigid body or rigid plane depending on the type of its property. The rigid
constraint can have the following properties:
All
XY Plane
YZ Plane
ZX Plane
Pin All
Pin XY Plane
Pin YZ Plane
Pin ZX Plane
6.5
rigid constraint applied to all directions (a rigid body)
rigid constraint applied to XY plane only (a rigid plane)
rigid constraint applied to YZ plane only (a rigid plane)
rigid constraint applied to ZX plane only (a rigid plane)
same as All, except that the slave node moment will not be transferred
to the master node
same as XY Plane, except that the slave node moment will not be
transferred to the master node
same as YZ Plane, except that the slave node moment will not be
transferred to the master node
same as ZX Plane, except that the slave node moment will not be
transferred to the master node
Element Offsets
Beam between columns
Edge or composite beam
Note:
•
•
6.6
•
•
•
•
Element offsets are specified in
global directions
Element axes are with respect to the
flexible part of the element
Grid Loads
Load applied to a position on a grid plane
Load is not applied directly to elements
Load is distributed to the elements surrounding the load depending on the span type:
• One way
• Two way – for simple load conditions
• Multi way – for general load conditions
Distributed load is in equilibrium with applied load
One-way spanning
Multi-way spanning
span direction
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6.7
Analysis Cases and Combination Cases
GSA 7 introduced the concept of analysis cases. In GSA 6 a load case was used for both
definition and analysis of the load. This can lead to confusion, as for example in a
modal analysis where the results for a load case are in fact mode shapes and have
nothing to do with the loading. Now, loads are applied in a particular load case and
results are stored for a particular analysis case.
In the ‘Analyse | Static’ option an analysis case is automatically created corresponding
to each load case.
The ‘Analyse | Analysis Wizard’ option allows the user to define static analysis cases
which can reference several load cases. Thus an analysis case might be:
1.2L1 + 1.8L3
In a modal analysis an analysis case would be a mode e.g.:
M1
Combination cases are defined in terms of analysis cases. If analysis case 1 relates to
dead load and analysis case 4 to wind load and these are to be combined the
combination case might be:
1.4A1 +1.2A4
6.7.1
Static analysis example
Load Cases
Analysis Cases
Combination Cases
L1 (e.g. Dead Load)
A1 = L1
C1 = 1.4A1 + 1.6A2
L2 (e.g. Imposed Load)
A2 = L2
C2 = 1.4A1 + 1.4A3
L3 (e.g. Wind Load)
A3 = L3
C3 = 1.2(A1 + A2 + A3)
C4 = C1 or C2 or C3
Note: you can factorise and combine the Analysis Cases after analysis
6.7.2
Non-linear analysis example
Load Cases
Analysis Cases
Combination Cases
L1 (e.g. Dead Load)
A1 = L2
C1 = A3 or A4 or A5
L2 (e.g. Imposed Load)
A2 = L3
L3 (e.g. Wind Load)
A3 = 1.4L1 + 1.6A2
A4 = 1.4L1 + 1.4L2
A5 = 1.2(L1 + L2 + L3)
Note: you must combine the Load Cases at time of analysis, but you can envelope the
resulting Analysis Cases where appropriate
6.7.3
Enveloping in GSA
You can envelope most results produced by GSA. A result envelope is the worst
(maximum and minimum) results encountered in a series of analysis or combination
cases.
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Specify the envelopes in the Combination Cases table. The syntax of the combination
case description allows the use of various keywords for describing enveloping
combination cases. Typically, an enveloping case will include the keyword “or”, though
other syntax is available. An enveloping case represents a number of permutations of
simple cases; during the enveloping process, GSA compares the results for each of these
simple cases to arrive at the envelope.
GSA extracts the envelopes described in the Combination Cases table from the
permutations that the case describes at the time of requesting output. This can be a time
consuming operation especially when the enveloping combination case identifies large
numbers of permutations. (See below.) Alternatively, you can calculate Analysis
Envelopes as a batch operation to store the envelope results for subsequent, immediate
display.
In Output Views, the output for an enveloping case reports the maximum and minimum
values, each coupled with the permutation number of the permutation that produced that
value. The permutation numbers are listed against the interpreted simple cases in the
Combination Case and Envelope Details output. Output of envelopes may be either for
all components listed or for a defined “subject component” reported alongside
coexistent values for other components. For example, enveloping on Myy will show the
associated Axial and Shear values.
Note: Where different components being enveloped in a table are related (and a
component has a direction as well as magnitude which can vary between cases – e.g.
resolved forces and displacements, 2D element derived stresses) the relationship
between the components will not be satisfied where the values come from different
permutations.
In Graphic Views, GSA offers enveloping as follows.
•
•
•
The maximum and minimum deformed shape is drawn
The maximum and minimum diagram is drawn and there is an option to annotate
just the maximum or minimum or both
Either the maximum, minimum, absolute or signed absolute value is contoured
Note: if you request a diagram of 2D element derived stresses, what GSA will plot is the
most positive Max / Min stresses at the most positive Angle, and the most negative Max
/ Min stresses at the most negative Angle. If the Angle is from a different permutation to
the Max and Min stresses this is not an accurate representation of the state of stress.
An enveloping case yields maximum and minimum values, as discussed above. The
syntax of the combination case description also allows you to apply operators to
enveloping cases to yield just the maximum, just the minimum, the absolute or the
signed absolute values. These operators are useful for both specifying the required
output and minimising the processing involved in calculating large enveloping cases.
The GSA help file give examples of their use in the Syntax of combination case
descriptions section.
6.8
Lists and Sets
The following short tutorial demonstrates the use of sets and lists in GSA.
•
•
•
In a Graphic View, switch to the ‘Select Nodes’ cursor mode (likewise elements).
Select some nodes.
‘Edit | Copy’ (or Ctrl+C). This puts the selected nodes in list format on the
clipboard.
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•
•
•
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Introduction to GSA
‘Edit | Paste’ (or Ctrl+V) the list wherever you wish to use the list. This can be a list
of Rigid Constraint slave nodes, a list of nodes to which Node Loads are to be
applied, a list of nodes for which output is required in an Output View, etc.
Again, while in Select Nodes cursor mode, select some nodes.
‘Edit | Save Selection As List’ (or right click in Graphic View Window and ‘Save
Selection As List’). This allows the current selection to be saved in the Lists table.
Saved lists can be referred to by name wherever a list is required, e.g. "slave nodes
for rigid element at level 23".
‘Edit | Select List’. Type in some node numbers. These nodes are then selected.
It follows that a saved list can be selected in the ‘Select List’ option.
6.8.1
•
•
In graphic view – select elements
• Edit | Copy (Ctrl+C) puts element list onto the clipboard
• Edit | Paste (Ctrl+V) the list where required
Or
• Edit | Save Selection as List
• Saved lists can be used for:
• Load application
• Result output
• Graphical display
6.9
•
•
•
•
•
Summary
Importing and Exporting Data
CIS (CIMsteel) step files
Spreadsheet output
DXF files
WMF/PNG/JPEG output
Animation and recording AVI files
6.10
Cursor Modes in Graphic Views
Polyline
Sculpt
Geometry
clear &
select
picked
item
add vertex
create node if
necessary, add
node to topology
list
new
inclusive
volume
clear &
select
items
drag
existing
vertex
drag existing node
on grid plane
pan
-
toggle
picked
item
-
as Click but use
node as start of
next element
Vert.: zoom
Horz.:
distance
-
new
exclusive
volume
toggle
items
-
-
Shift+Click
reset object
point
zoom
out &
pan
delete all
volumes
select
picked
item
-
-
Shift+Drag
pan
-
-
select
items
-
-
re-scale
re-scale
re-scale
re-scale
re-scale
re-scale
Rotate
Zoom
Volume
Select
Click
-
zoom in
& pan
delete last
volume
Drag
rotate
zoom
box
Ctrl+Click
pick object
point
Ctrl+Drag
Ctrl+Shift+Click
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Oasys
6.11
Training
Introduction to GSA
Toolbars and Keyboard Accelerators
Key
Alt+0
Alt+1
Alt+2
Alt+3
Alt+4
A
Ctrl+A
Ctrl+Alt+A
Ctrl+B
C
Ctrl+C
Ctrl+Alt+C
D
Ctrl+Alt+D
E
Ctrl+Alt+Shft+E
Ctrl+Alt+E
Ctrl+F
Ctrl+Alt+F
G
Ctrl+G
Ctrl+Alt+G
Ctrl+H
Ctrl+Alt+H
I
K
L
Ctrl+Alt+Shft+L
Ctrl+Alt+L
Ctrl+M
N
Ctrl+N
Ctrl+Alt+Shft+N
Ctrl+Alt+N
Ctrl+Shft+N
Ctrl+O
P
Alt+P
Ctrl+P
Ctrl+Alt+P
R
Ctrl+Alt+R
SA
SE
SG
SL
SN
SR
Ctrl+S
Ctrl+Shft+S
Ctrl+Alt+S
V
Ctrl+V
Ctrl+W
X
Alt+X
Ctrl+X
Action
Gateway
New Graphic View
New Output View
Object Viewer
Data Defaults
Select for annotation
Select All
Reset to All Entities
Manual Backup
Case list
Copy
Size Columns to Fit
Display option: select how to
adjust display content
Switch Layer
Select elements/ members
Add Elements Sculpt Tool
Modify Elements Sculpt Tool
Find
Display excludes entities
Faint
Ground View (perspective)
Go To
Grid Window
Replace
Shine light from Here
Isometric
Skew View (perspective)
Polyline
Add Lines Sculpt Tool
Legend display
Modify
Select nodes
New
Add Nodes Sculpt Tool
Modify Nodes Sculpt Tool
Drag Nodes Sculpt Tool
Open
Plan
Reverse Plan
Print
Perspective
Rotate
Size Rows to Fit
Select areas
Select elements/members
Select grid points
Select lines
Select nodes
Select regions
Save
Save As
Snap to Grid Points
Volume
Paste
Wizard
X elevation
Reverse X elevation
Cut
Key
Y
Alt+Y
Ctrl+Y
Ctrl+Alt+Y
Z
Ctrl+Z
Ctrl+Alt+Z
F1
Shift+F1
F2
F5
Ctrl+F7
Alt+F7
Esc
Tab
Return
Insert
Delete
Home
Shft+Home
Ctrl+Home
Alt+Home
End
Ctrl+End
Page Up
Page Down
↑Up
Shft+↑Up
Ctrl+↑Up
Alt+↑Up
←Lft
Shft+←Lft
Ctrl+←Lft
Alt+←Lft
→Rt
Shft+→Rt
Ctrl+→Rt
Alt+→Rt
↓Dn
Shft+↓Dn
Ctrl+↓Dn
Alt+↓Dn
Mouse middle button
dbl-click
Ctrl+1
Ctrl+2
Ctrl+3
Ctrl+4
Ctrl+5
Ctrl+6
Ctrl+7
Ctrl+8
Ctrl+9
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Action
Y elevation
Reverse Y elevation
Redo
Redo View
Zoom
Undo
Undo View
Help
Context help
Highlight
Regenerate Graphic View
Preferences
Assisted Input
Quit
Next Cell
Next Cell
Insert
Delete
Beginning of Table
Reset Pan
Move cell to Beginning;
Scale to fit
Rescale data
End of Table
Move cell to End
Scroll up
Scroll down
Row Up; Up 7.5°
Pan Up
Zoom In
Fast rotate up
Column Left; Left 7.5°
Pan Left
Eye Distance Out
Fast rotate left
Column Right; Right 7.5°
Pan Right
Eye Distance In
Fast rotate right
Row Down; Down 7.5°
Pan Down
Zoom Out
Fast rotate down
Scale to fit
Window bottom-left
Window bottom
Window bottom-right
Window left
Window middle
Window right
Window top-left
Window top
Window top-right
Page 16
Oasys
Training
Introduction to GSA
Certificate of Attendance
Name of Participant: _____________________
Course Title:
____________ Introduction to GSA ____________
Date:
_____________________ ____________________
Venue:
_____________________ ____________________
Confirmation of Attendance
CPD hours achieved by participant:
__________ 6.5
Signature:
_____________________
Name:
_______________ Peter Debney
Position:
_______ Structural Application Specialist
Oasys Limited
Central Square
Forth Street
Newcastle-Upon-Tyne
NE1 3PL
Phone: +44 (0) 191 238 7559
Fax: +44 (0) 191 238 7555
Email: [email protected]
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