Name:________________________________Per:________
10.1 The First President
1. Define the following terms:
Precedent
Cabinet
Protective Tariff
Washington Takes Office
2. How did the Washington administration transform the United States into a strong independent
nation during the early Republic era?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
3. What are some precedents Washington established for future leaders in the government?
4. Read about Washington’s cabinet and fill in the graphic organizer below:
Department
Leader
State
Treasury
War
Attorney General
5. Describe the Judiciary Act of 1789 and its significance below:
Purpose
The New Economy
6. What economic problems did Hamilton face as Secretary of Treasury?
7. As you read about Hamilton’s plans for improving the economy, fill in the chart below:
Problem
Hamilton’s Plan
Opposition to Hamilton
Pay off debt owed to
American citizens by paying
off bonds at full value.
Southern states had less debt
from the war and did not want
to help other states pay debts.
The United States needed a
way to regulate national funds
and a common currency.
Protective tariffs could raise
money and protect American
industries from foreign
competition.
8. How was a compromise reached between Hamilton and those who opposed his debt plan?
9. Use the “Protective Tariffs” infographic to explain how a protective tariff could help the U.S:
10.2 Early Challenges
1. Define the following terms:
Impressment
Trouble in the New Nation
2. Fill in the spaces below with the name of the group that provided challenges for Washington.
___________________________ pushed the U.S. to get more involved in their conflicts.
___________________________ fought the westward expansion of American settlers.
___________________________ was involved in growing unrest, like the Whiskey Rebellion.
3. As you read about problems within the United States, fill in the chart below.
Cause:
Effect: An armed mob attacked tax
collectors and burned down buildings in
the Whiskey Rebellion.
Cause: Government leaders saw it as a
Effect:
challenge to the power of the new gov.
Washington sent federal troops to end it
Cause:
Effect: Fighting broke out between
Americans and Native Americans in the
Northwest Territory.
Cause: British interference caused
Washington to send an army to Ohio,
who won the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
Effect:
Problems with Europe
4. Why were Americans divided about foreign policy?
5. As you read Washington’s struggle to stay neutral in foreign conflicts, fill in the chart below:
The _________ asked
The British __________
Americans were outraged
American volunteers to
American _______ that
by the British practice of
attack _______________
________ with the
_________________ of
Washington said no.
French.
American sailors.
____________ Treaty
____________ leaders
Americans did not like
gave Americans _______
worried that Jay’s Treaty
_______ Treaty because
navigation of the ______
would ally Britain and
there was no _________
Riv. & ________ in N.O.
the U.S. against Spain.
of impressment or trade.
6. What were Washington’s two pieces of advice during his Farewell Address?
1. _______________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
10.3 The First Political Parties
1. Define the following terms:
Caucus
Alien
Sedition
Nullify
States’ Rights
Opposing Political Parties
2. Describe the different views Americans had about the nature of political parties.
3. With whom did Washington typically agree?
4. Draw an arrow from the phrase to the correct box or highlight with two different colors.
They believed in a strong federal government.
They believed in a strict interpretation of the
Constitution.
They believed the federal government had
implied powers—more than what was
specifically mentioned in the Constitution.
Thomas Jefferson was the leader.
Alexander Hamilton was the leader.
The federal government could use its implied
powers to create a national bank.
Federalists
They supported representative government led
by qualified and educated elected leaders.
DemocraticRepublicans
Feared a government controlled by a few people.
They believed liberty would be safe only if
ordinary people participated fully in government.
5. What happened to Washington’s cabinet as a result of the emerging political parties?
6. How did the election of 1796 end with a Federalist president and Republican vice president?
John Adams as President
7. What problems with France did Adams face when he took office?
8. Match each term relevant to Adams’ administration to its correct definition:
______ XYZ Affair
a. Made it a crime to criticize the government
______ Sedition Act
b. Extended the time it took to become a U.S. citizen
______ Alien Act
c. A failed diplomatic effort with France
______ Naturalization Act
d. Claimed Alien/Sedition Acts were unconstitutional
______ Virginia/ Kentucky Resolutions
e. President could imprison or deport non-citizens
9. Match each term defined above to the effect it had on the American population:
______ XYZ Affair
a. Discouraged immigration; some foreigners left
______ Sedition Act
b. Made Americans suspicious of foreigners
______ Alien Act
c. Started a lasting debate about states’ rights
______ Virginia/ Kentucky Resolutions
d. Convicted 10 Republican newspaper editors
10. According to the graphic on page 310, why did the Federalists pass the Alien/Sedition Acts?
11. How did Adams decide to resolve conflicts with France?
12. What effect did the Adams administration have on the Federalist Party?