November 17, 2014
Aim: How did territorial expansion effect the
U.S.?
Do Now: What does this tell us about the balance of power between free
and slave states in 1844?
Free States
Slave States
Michigan
Maine
Illinois
Indiana
Ohio
Vermont
Rhode Island
New York
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
New Jersey
Arkansas
Missouri
Alabama
Mississippi
Louisiana
Tennessee
Kentucky
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Maryland
Georgia
Manifest Destiny – Conflict and
Compromise
• Should new land be free states or slave states?
• What would Southerners have wanted?
• What would Northerners have wanted?
Missouri Compromise - 1820
Henry Clay - Allowed Missouri to enter the
Union as a slave state and Maine as a free
state so that the number of free and slave
states would remain equal.
Miss me?
<3
Banned slavery in the
Louisiana Territory north of
the 36˚ 30’ parallel.
1845
by a joint resolution of Congress
MORE LAND
WE WANT
DISPUTED
TERRITORY
Map Credit: Kaidor
WAR!!!
Mexican Cession
1848
Treaty of
Guadalupe
Hidalgo
Gadsden Purchase
1853
Treaty of
Guadalupe
Hidalgo
Now What???
David Wilmot
(D – PA)
Zachary Taylor
(W-LA)
Twelfth President of the U.S.
1849-1850
“Old Rough and Ready”
Mexican War Hero
Died in Office
Last Southerner elected
president until Woodrow Wilson
in 1912
http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/zt12.html
Millard Fillmore
(W-NY)
Thirteenth President of the U.S.
1850-1853
Signed the
Compromise of 1850
Last Whig President
http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/mf13.html
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Compromise of 1850
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Acronym: POPFACT:
Popular Sovereignty in the Mexican Cession
Fugitive Slave Law
Abolition of slave trade in D.C.
California will be a free state
Texas given $10 million for New Mexico
territory
Compromise of 1850
California would
become free, but New
Mexico and Utah
would be open to
slavery.
Also added The Fugitive Slave Act
Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
• All runaway slaves were to be returned to
their master upon capture.
• Those who aided runaway slaves could be
fined or imprisoned.
• Nicknamed “The Bloodhound Bill.”
BEFORE
AFTER
Kansas-Nebraska Act
• MOST IMPORTANT SHORT-TERM CAUSE OF
THE CIVIL WAR
• The decision to allow or ban slavery would be
up to the residents of those states.
• Popular sovereignty.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act will repeal
the Missouri Compromise 36 30’ Line
• The North is FURIOUS – leads to formation of
the Republican Party.
Hey, why did you
repeal my Missouri
Compromise?
Stephen Douglas
– created KansasNebraska Act
Henry Clay
Bleeding Kansas
• “The Crime Against Kansas.”
Preston Brooks – SC
Senator
Charles Sumner
R-MA
John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?
Mural in the Kansas Capitol
building
by John Steuart Curry (20c)
How did territorial expansion effect
the U.S.?
• Territorial expansion increased the debate on
the institution of slavery. Land compromises,
such as the Missouri Compromise,
Compromise of 1850, and the KansasNebraska Act increased sectional tensions
regarding the issue of slavery.
Is war inevitable at this point?