Name
Per
Review Sheet: The Gas Laws
•
.?
1. List the 5 components of the Kinetic Molecular Theory.
2. How do gas molecules produce pressure?
3. What is the formula for pressure?
4. What instrument measures atmospheric pressure?
5. Convert: a) 15.5 psi to atm
} ÿ "5 (,ÿ , x
b) 880. mm Hg to kPa
i ,4ÿ'vÿ
j ,
c) 0.85 atm to Torr
io l..3 r4",,
6. What is Dalton's Law (write the formula)?
7. A mixture of helium, oxygen, and nitrogen in a scuba tank for a 100 meter dive has a total pressure of 2000 --t'tÿ.ÿ, I
psi. The helium has a partial pressure of 1400 psi, and the nitrogen has a partial pressure of 400 psi. What
,.a
is the partial pressure.of the oxygen? ÿ',
.ÿ Q
i'-'ÿval -- I" ÿ I',. ÿ" P
-,-,,.,,
z..--k) w w
iÿt)L,
ÿ- HOo
w
)ÿ"
OC
i'ÿ2 sÿ (i:
8. What happens to pressure if volume is decreased (constant T)? Write the formula relating these two
variables.
V ÿk iÿ "i" i cart fS ¢ÿ
9. What happens to pressure if temperature is increased (constant V)? Write the formula relating these two
variables.
-T 'F" f"1"
D i €'c c l"
10. What happens to volume if temperature is decreased (constant P)? Write the formula relating these two
variables.
"T 4,, ÿ/4, piÿeC{"
11. Which law relates P, V and T (none constant)? Write the formula.
12. Which gas law allows you to work with moles or mass of a gas? Write the formula.
Ca + .2i4c.I -----7 Cc,ÿclz ÷ t-iz
13. Calcium reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce calcium chloride and hydrogen gas. If 2.00 moles of HC1
react with excess calcium, what volume of hydrogen gas will be produced at STP? (Hint. first write the
equation, balance#, thenusestoich!)(22.4LH2) 2.ÿdm,4 ',4(.1 x Iÿi i i±. ,ÿ 2z,ÿfc- 14ÿ_. ZZ.q t.. 147.
BALANCED EQUATION:
--Zmo, 0ÿ1
Iraqi t4'z -_____ÿVÿ =
Pz ÿ/_....._..k'-
14. If 13.0 g of gas at 0.996 atm is increased to a 32.0 L volume, what is the pressure at constant temperature?
Formula needed
Rearrange for
Plug-in to formula
unknown
Include units and cancellation.t
Final answer
(0.405)
0.qfltÿt-m x iÿ.0C
P,v', -
Vÿ.
!"z
I%
z.o L
Unit conversion(s) needed:
Unit
(atm)
15. At a pressure of 1.0 atm, the volume of a bubble is 3.08 L at 4°C. What is the volume at a pressure of 350
mm Hg and 14°C? Tÿ ÿ- 2 9-i K
Formula needed
Rearrange for
Plug-in to formula
. Final answer
unknown
Include units and cancellation,t
"'IÿVÿ V'z= 7tÿ!)mm,.t.ÿarÿ.0ÿL.ÿ,2ÿ,.7ÿ___ (6.9)
= .__ÿ! V'j Tÿ
u
Unit
(L)
Unit conversion(s) needed:
i", : ?-fi'/K
ÿÿ'ÿ"ÿ¢ÿ
uÿÿif '--- - ÿt"
16. If a gas occupies 15.1' L at 24°C, what is the volÿe at 72°ÿ. Pressure is constant.
Formula needed
Plug-in to formula
Include units and cancellation!
Rearrange for
unknown
¢3
T,
7'z:
Final answer
,ic x" ÿq6t<
(i7.5)
Unit
(L)
ZqTK
"['ÿ
Unit conversion(s) needed:
-r, = 2,i9K
ÿ ?
17. A sample of air is at a pressure of2.ÿÿ atm at 25°C. What is the new pÿssure if the temperature is increased
Tÿ: ÿbÿi< to 95°C and the volume is unchanged?
Formula needed
Plug-in to formula
Include units and cancellation!
Rearrange for
unknown
Final answer
(2.5)
@j
Unit
(atm)
Pz= 2.0at-m ÿ 30gi<
Zqÿi<
Unit conversion(s) needed:
T,
18. H2S(g) has a volume of 15.0 L and a mass of 2.99 g at a temperature of 46°C. What is the pressure of the
gas?
V
ÿ ÿ aÿ-,ÿ
q- : 3 iq K
P = ?
Formula needed
Rearrange for
Plug-in to formula
unknown
Include units and cancellation!
p V= rÿ AT
v'
}
Final answer
0.0,ÿ7 ÿmÿi ,'ÿi,,.OL
0..0ÿZl X "3iq <(0.153)
Unit
(atm)
ff
p = ÿ+'ÿ'n
v-= t,
p:
n Kq"
Unit conversion(s) needed:
V"
2 .qqÿ i4z';'× _ : innoi
- : 0.ag'/1ÿi
19. What is the mass of 35.0 L of helium gas at STP? (2 ways tÿ solve this! One is gas law, one is mole
conversion. Either is okay.)
Formula needed
T" 2"13 tÿ
P ÿ i. o cÿ
Rearrange for
Plug-in to formula
unknown
Include units and cancellation!
Pg--"ÿ-ÿ
@
Final answer
(6.:5)
I(IOals-ÿ
.ÿ 36"OL-::
'
"ilg-]
I. 6ÿ oÿi ÿ+e.
PV g-[
Unit conversion(s) needed:
i..6ÿ,,o,,oi ÿ.4e,x q,Otÿ:;ÿ ÿO,ZZ,3
i too1
Unit
(g
Answers: Gas Law Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
See notes, p. 1 at the top.
They collide with the walls of their container.
Pressure = Force / Area
Barometer
a) 1.05 atm; b) 117 kPa; c) 650 Torr
Dalton’s Law states that the total pressure in a mixture of gases
is equal to the sum of the partial (individual) pressures of the
component gases. PTOT = P1 + P2 + P3 + ….
7. 200 psi
8. Pressure increases. P1V1 = P2V2 (Boyle’s Law)
9. Pressure increases. P1/T1 = P2/T2 (Gay-Lussac’s Law)
10. Volume decreases. V1/T1 = V2/T2 (Charles’ Law)
11. P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 (Combined Gas Law)
12. PV = nRT (Ideal Gas Law)
13. 22.4 L H2
14. 0.405 atm
15. 6.9 L
16. 17.5 L
17. 2.5 atm
18. 0.153 atm
19. 6.25 g