History of the US until 1800

History of the US until 1800
Lukáš Řı́ha,
October 6th, 2016
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
Goals
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Table of Contents
Goals
Non-British colonies
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Table of Contents
Goals
Non-British colonies
British colonies
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Table of Contents
Goals
Non-British colonies
British colonies
Middle Colonies
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Table of Contents
Goals
Non-British colonies
British colonies
Middle Colonies
Political culture and development
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Table of Contents
Goals
Non-British colonies
British colonies
Middle Colonies
Political culture and development
Revolution and independence
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Table of Contents
Goals
Non-British colonies
British colonies
Middle Colonies
Political culture and development
Revolution and independence
Quiz
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Table of Contents
Goals
Non-British colonies
British colonies
Middle Colonies
Political culture and development
Revolution and independence
Quiz
Sources
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Goals
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Goals
Age of colonies (France, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain...)
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Goals
Age of colonies (France, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain...)
Money, of course (for the people in London, mostly)
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Goals
Age of colonies (France, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain...)
Money, of course (for the people in London, mostly)
Freedom from religious persecution (King Charles I.)
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Non-British colonies
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century
ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century)
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century
ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century)
iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No
colonies established
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century
ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century)
iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No
colonies established
New France
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century
ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century)
iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No
colonies established
New France
i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400
by 1701. Mostly fur-traders
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century
ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century)
iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No
colonies established
New France
i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400
by 1701. Mostly fur-traders
ii Illinois country Population of 2,500 by 1752
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century
ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century)
iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No
colonies established
New France
i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400
by 1701. Mostly fur-traders
ii Illinois country Population of 2,500 by 1752
iii Louisiana - New Orleans founded in 1718 becomes an important port (access
to Mississippi River)
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Non-British colonies
Spanish vice-royalties
i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century
ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century)
iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No
colonies established
New France
i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400
by 1701. Mostly fur-traders
ii Illinois country Population of 2,500 by 1752
iii Louisiana - New Orleans founded in 1718 becomes an important port (access
to Mississippi River)
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Non-British colonies
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Non-British colonies
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Non-British colonies
Other countries:
i New Netherland
ii New Sweden
iii Russian colonies
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Non-British colonies
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Non-British colonies
Other countries:
i New Netherland
ii New Sweden
iii Russian colonies
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British colonies
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British colonies
First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620
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British colonies
First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620
Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and
South Carolina etc.
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British colonies
First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620
Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and
South Carolina etc.
→ Have governor (sometimes council).
→ Owned by the crown of England
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British colonies
First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620
Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and
South Carolina etc.
→ Have governor (sometimes council).
→ Owned by the crown of England
Propiertary colonies: New Jersey, Maryland and Pennsylvania
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British colonies
First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620
Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and
South Carolina etc.
→ Have governor (sometimes council).
→ Owned by the crown of England
Propiertary colonies: New Jersey, Maryland and Pennsylvania
→ Governor and/or council appointed by a lord
→ Usually greater civil and religious libery
Charter colonies: Massachusetts, Providence Plantation, Rhode Island,
Warwick and Connecticut
→ Are given a charter by the crown on how to be run
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British colonies – and their citizens
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British colonies – and their citizens
Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers”
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British colonies – and their citizens
Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers”
Other puritans: non-seperatists, wanted to reform Church of England
(Massachussetts Bay Colony)
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British colonies – and their citizens
Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers”
Other puritans: non-seperatists, wanted to reform Church of England
(Massachussetts Bay Colony)
Both groups intensly religious
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British colonies – and their citizens
Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers”
Other puritans: non-seperatists, wanted to reform Church of England
(Massachussetts Bay Colony)
Both groups intensly religious
Outstanding personality: Roger Williams
i preached religious toleration
ii preached seperation of state and church
iii wanted a complete break with the Church of England
These settlements had an economy based on self-support
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Middle Colonies
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Middle Colonies
These include present-day New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware
Special: very diverse due to their location
Example: New Netherlands gets taken over, Dutch citizens remain (1667)
Other nationalities arrive over the years (Germans, Irish, ...)
Large black slave population
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Political culture and development
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Political culture and development
Most of today’s USA has its roots in colonial America
Vibrant political culture
With suffrage being commonplace, ”everyone”was allowed to vote –
indicators of modern democracy
Each colony had its governor and/or assembly handling grants, taxation etc.
– basis for single states
With the ”seperation of state and church”, citizens sued one another at a
very high rate – expansion of the profession of Judge
Colonies were exceptional due to close contact of elected represantatives and
poor population
Finally: republicanism (stressing equal rights, need for virtous citizens, evils of
corruption etc.)
Ultimately led to the Revolution
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Revolution and independence
1750: America is colonised by France, Britain and Spain
French-Indian War of 1754-1763 (between France and Britain)
1763 Great Britain wins the war, is heavily in debt
Stamp act 1765 by prime minister George Grenville
Americans refused – had no representation in the British parliament
1766 Angry mobs against the British
Stamp act is repeated – to govern the colonies. Also import taxes for tea,
lead, paint, paper and glass are increased
4,000 British troops were sent to to Boston
Boston Massacre: in 1770 5 Americans were killed in a heated incident
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Revolution and independence
Words spreads fast throughout British colonies
In 1773 British try to sell untaxed tea to a trading company – Americans
hold ships in Boston
December 6th 1773: Sons of Liberty – The Boston Tea Party
Britain punished Americans by a series of acts:
i Boston port act
ii Massachusetts government act
iii Administration act
iv Quartering act
Americans reacted by setting up their own congress
As it stood, the British had control of Boston, the Americans had control of
the countryside
Americans began forming and training militias
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Revolution and independence
Patriot leaders from 12 colonies met up in Philadelphia – ”First Continental
Congress”
Petition to King George III
i No more taxes
ii No control over American affairs
iii Agree with trade regulations
iv No British troops in America during peace time
Great Britain reacts with more troops, more restrictions, more regulations
Begin of the war – Battles of Lexington and Concord
Siege of Boston
Second continental congress meeting: reorganising militia to Continental
Army and appointing George Washington as general
On July 4th, 1776 congress is officially established – congressman Thomas
Jefferson drafts a document which later became the decleration of
independence
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Revolution and independence
France joins Americans in 1778
Carlisl Peace Comission – Americans refuse
Spain joins the war in 1779 on the side of the Americans
In 1782 Prime minister Lord North resigns. New P.M. Marquess of
Rockingham acknowledges American independence
Peace treaty of Paris
States needed time to organise themselves – write Constitution in 1787
George Washington was elected the first president of the United States of
America
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Quiz
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Quiz
Why did the pilgrims come to the new world?
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Quiz
Why did the pilgrims come to the new world?
What was another name for the pilgrims?
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Quiz
Why did the pilgrims come to the new world?
What was another name for the pilgrims?
Who was the first US president?
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Quiz
Why did the pilgrims come to the new world?
What was another name for the pilgrims?
Who was the first US president?
Where was the first congress meeting?
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Quiz
Why did the pilgrims come to the new world?
What was another name for the pilgrims?
Who was the first US president?
Where was the first congress meeting?
Who wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence? When?
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Quiz
Why did the pilgrims come to the new world?
What was another name for the pilgrims?
Who was the first US president?
Where was the first congress meeting?
Who wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence? When?
When did Great Britain acknowledge America’s independence?
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http://www.u-s-history.com/
http://www.ushistory.org/
http://www.infoplease.com/country/united-states.html
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history
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Thank you for your attention!
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