History of the US until 1800 Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 1 / 18 Table of Contents Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Non-British colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Non-British colonies British colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Non-British colonies British colonies Middle Colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Non-British colonies British colonies Middle Colonies Political culture and development Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Non-British colonies British colonies Middle Colonies Political culture and development Revolution and independence Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Non-British colonies British colonies Middle Colonies Political culture and development Revolution and independence Quiz Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Table of Contents Goals Non-British colonies British colonies Middle Colonies Political culture and development Revolution and independence Quiz Sources Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 2 / 18 Goals Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 3 / 18 Goals Age of colonies (France, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain...) Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 3 / 18 Goals Age of colonies (France, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain...) Money, of course (for the people in London, mostly) Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 3 / 18 Goals Age of colonies (France, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain...) Money, of course (for the people in London, mostly) Freedom from religious persecution (King Charles I.) Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 3 / 18 Non-British colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century) Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century) iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No colonies established Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century) iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No colonies established New France Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century) iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No colonies established New France i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400 by 1701. Mostly fur-traders Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century) iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No colonies established New France i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400 by 1701. Mostly fur-traders ii Illinois country Population of 2,500 by 1752 Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century) iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No colonies established New France i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400 by 1701. Mostly fur-traders ii Illinois country Population of 2,500 by 1752 iii Louisiana - New Orleans founded in 1718 becomes an important port (access to Mississippi River) Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Spanish vice-royalties i St. Augustine and other outposts founded in Florida in 16th century ii Exploration and colonization of new Mexico (16th century) iii Exploration of California from 16th century to the middle of 18th. No colonies established New France i Pays d’en Haut (”Lands up there...). Most famous: Detroit, population 1,400 by 1701. Mostly fur-traders ii Illinois country Population of 2,500 by 1752 iii Louisiana - New Orleans founded in 1718 becomes an important port (access to Mississippi River) Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 4 / 18 Non-British colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 5 / 18 Non-British colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 6 / 18 Non-British colonies Other countries: i New Netherland ii New Sweden iii Russian colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 6 / 18 Non-British colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 7 / 18 Non-British colonies Other countries: i New Netherland ii New Sweden iii Russian colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 7 / 18 British colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 8 / 18 British colonies First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620 Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 8 / 18 British colonies First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620 Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and South Carolina etc. Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 8 / 18 British colonies First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620 Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and South Carolina etc. → Have governor (sometimes council). → Owned by the crown of England Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 8 / 18 British colonies First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620 Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and South Carolina etc. → Have governor (sometimes council). → Owned by the crown of England Propiertary colonies: New Jersey, Maryland and Pennsylvania Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 8 / 18 British colonies First British Colony: Plymouth, 1620 Crown colonies: Georgia, New Hampshire, (eventually New York), North and South Carolina etc. → Have governor (sometimes council). → Owned by the crown of England Propiertary colonies: New Jersey, Maryland and Pennsylvania → Governor and/or council appointed by a lord → Usually greater civil and religious libery Charter colonies: Massachusetts, Providence Plantation, Rhode Island, Warwick and Connecticut → Are given a charter by the crown on how to be run Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 8 / 18 British colonies – and their citizens Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 9 / 18 British colonies – and their citizens Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers” Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 9 / 18 British colonies – and their citizens Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers” Other puritans: non-seperatists, wanted to reform Church of England (Massachussetts Bay Colony) Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 9 / 18 British colonies – and their citizens Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers” Other puritans: non-seperatists, wanted to reform Church of England (Massachussetts Bay Colony) Both groups intensly religious Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 9 / 18 British colonies – and their citizens Puritans: seperatists, ”pilgrim fathers” Other puritans: non-seperatists, wanted to reform Church of England (Massachussetts Bay Colony) Both groups intensly religious Outstanding personality: Roger Williams i preached religious toleration ii preached seperation of state and church iii wanted a complete break with the Church of England These settlements had an economy based on self-support Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 9 / 18 Middle Colonies Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 10 / 18 Middle Colonies These include present-day New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware Special: very diverse due to their location Example: New Netherlands gets taken over, Dutch citizens remain (1667) Other nationalities arrive over the years (Germans, Irish, ...) Large black slave population Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 10 / 18 Political culture and development Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 11 / 18 Political culture and development Most of today’s USA has its roots in colonial America Vibrant political culture With suffrage being commonplace, ”everyone”was allowed to vote – indicators of modern democracy Each colony had its governor and/or assembly handling grants, taxation etc. – basis for single states With the ”seperation of state and church”, citizens sued one another at a very high rate – expansion of the profession of Judge Colonies were exceptional due to close contact of elected represantatives and poor population Finally: republicanism (stressing equal rights, need for virtous citizens, evils of corruption etc.) Ultimately led to the Revolution Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 11 / 18 Revolution and independence 1750: America is colonised by France, Britain and Spain French-Indian War of 1754-1763 (between France and Britain) 1763 Great Britain wins the war, is heavily in debt Stamp act 1765 by prime minister George Grenville Americans refused – had no representation in the British parliament 1766 Angry mobs against the British Stamp act is repeated – to govern the colonies. Also import taxes for tea, lead, paint, paper and glass are increased 4,000 British troops were sent to to Boston Boston Massacre: in 1770 5 Americans were killed in a heated incident Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 12 / 18 Revolution and independence Words spreads fast throughout British colonies In 1773 British try to sell untaxed tea to a trading company – Americans hold ships in Boston December 6th 1773: Sons of Liberty – The Boston Tea Party Britain punished Americans by a series of acts: i Boston port act ii Massachusetts government act iii Administration act iv Quartering act Americans reacted by setting up their own congress As it stood, the British had control of Boston, the Americans had control of the countryside Americans began forming and training militias Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 13 / 18 Revolution and independence Patriot leaders from 12 colonies met up in Philadelphia – ”First Continental Congress” Petition to King George III i No more taxes ii No control over American affairs iii Agree with trade regulations iv No British troops in America during peace time Great Britain reacts with more troops, more restrictions, more regulations Begin of the war – Battles of Lexington and Concord Siege of Boston Second continental congress meeting: reorganising militia to Continental Army and appointing George Washington as general On July 4th, 1776 congress is officially established – congressman Thomas Jefferson drafts a document which later became the decleration of independence Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 14 / 18 Revolution and independence France joins Americans in 1778 Carlisl Peace Comission – Americans refuse Spain joins the war in 1779 on the side of the Americans In 1782 Prime minister Lord North resigns. New P.M. Marquess of Rockingham acknowledges American independence Peace treaty of Paris States needed time to organise themselves – write Constitution in 1787 George Washington was elected the first president of the United States of America Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 15 / 18 Quiz Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 16 / 18 Quiz Why did the pilgrims come to the new world? Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 16 / 18 Quiz Why did the pilgrims come to the new world? What was another name for the pilgrims? Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 16 / 18 Quiz Why did the pilgrims come to the new world? What was another name for the pilgrims? Who was the first US president? Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 16 / 18 Quiz Why did the pilgrims come to the new world? What was another name for the pilgrims? Who was the first US president? Where was the first congress meeting? Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 16 / 18 Quiz Why did the pilgrims come to the new world? What was another name for the pilgrims? Who was the first US president? Where was the first congress meeting? Who wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence? When? Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 16 / 18 Quiz Why did the pilgrims come to the new world? What was another name for the pilgrims? Who was the first US president? Where was the first congress meeting? Who wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence? When? When did Great Britain acknowledge America’s independence? Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 16 / 18 http://www.u-s-history.com/ http://www.ushistory.org/ http://www.infoplease.com/country/united-states.html https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 17 / 18 Thank you for your attention! Lukáš Řı́ha, October 6th, 2016 History of the US until 1800 18 / 18
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