Missouri Native Plant Society Hawthorn Chapter

!
!"##$%&"'()*"+,'
'''''-.)/*''0$1",*2'
'''3)4*5$&/'65)7*,&'"#$%&#''#(
)*&+,#!-./!"+,0#(!1!
23(45!-677!
!"#$%&'()*%"+$,')-../0,'12)
'
3',1/4,($)
)38#%%3!2#&'*8!
9:1;<.=;1>69!
?388@3$8AB,3C&D4*,!
!
5/0,)3',1/4,($)
"384E!F38B$*('5E!
8384E&38B$*('5EA5*',3C&D4*,!!
9:1;<:=;-=.1!
!
6,0',$"'7)
G88!H3I#,38!
9:><!HC8@E!2#3@*$%!F38#!!
J+&'*8/!2K!.9-97'
9:1;.=-;.>-:!
,CI#;388A%*4I#'D8#'!
)
8',"19',')
L*58!M#*(B#!
9:1;-1=;7:<=!
L*58DM#*(B#A,@4D,*DB*?!!
!
:,;<,'1%/+)
N3+&3!N#'#(%!
--7.!M(34#!O&&#8!P(!
Q*&+,0C3/!2K!.9-6-!
9:1;=:=;=--9!
RC#(C@3#7AB,3C&D4*,!!
!
*%"+$,')=,+',1,($"$/>,))
L*58!ST+%'EU!H5C'#!
9:1;<<.;<.><!
(%'E$5C'AE35**D4*,!!
!
?,<):"1$,')
P*+B!2C&&#(!
'5#@#%CB8A0CB'5#D4*,!!
)
?,<)1/$,2)
5''RVWW4*&+,0C383'C?#R&38'%D,C%%
*+(CD*(BW!
!
!
!"#"$%&'(#)*)#)%+&
H3'45!#,3C&!Z*(!8*'C4#%!*Z!C,R(*,R'+!5CI#%D!!,-%.+%&/00%$&+"11%+#)/2+&/0&3/"$&0.*/$)#%&4.-5)21&
6%+#)2.#)/2+!'*!N3+&3!*(!\#4IE]!$#!$C&&!B#'!'5#,!R*%'#@!3%!%**8!3%!$#3'5#(!R#(,C'%D!NFOG[O!43&&!*(!#,3C&!
\#4IE!.9:;-17=!*(!N3+&3!=:=;=--9!3%!%**8!3%!E*+!I8*$!E*+!$C&&!3''#8@!38!34'C?C'ED!H#!@*8^'!$38'!'*!
&#3?#!38E*8#!0#5C8@!CZ!$#3'5#(!*(!R&38%!4538B#D!F#3?#!E*+(!83,#!38@!NYK"O!_!CZ!E*+!&#3?#!3!,#%%3B#D!`Z!
E*+!@*!8*'!4*,,+8C43'#!0E!#,3C&!38@!53?#!3!%+BB#%'#@!@#%'C83'C*8!*(!$38'!8*'C4#!*Z!3!$3&I/!43&&!N3+&3!
=:=;=--9!'*!B#'!*8!'5#!R5*8#!&C%'D!Q3(R**&!,##'C8B!R&34#/!2PQ!T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(/!C%!*8!Q*&&#B#!a+%'!
8*('5!*Z!['3@C+,D!
!
O3(&E!23(45V!`Z!E*+!53?#!R*''#@!R&38'%!E*+!53?#!*?#(;$C8'#(#@!Z*(!0**'5!%3&#%/!C'!$*+&@!0#!B**@!
'*!0(C8B!'5#,!C8%C@#!3!%+88E!$C8@*$!'*!B(##8!'5#,!+RD!
78&9.$(:&9/26.3;&<%1"-.$&9%%#)21!9V16R,!3'!'5#!b8C'3(C38!Q5+(45/!-.79![5#R3(@!\&?@D!!
23(I!\#&$**@!$C&&!%R#3I!*8!5C%'*(E!*Z!'5#!"*('5!G,#(C438!R(3C(C#!38@!(#%'*(3'C*8!,#'5*@%!
+%C8B!5C%!#ZZ*('%!3%!#c3,R&#%D![##!3('C4&#!N3B#!1!
7=&9.$(:&>:"$+6.3;&?"2(:&4)#:&@.#)*%&,-.2#&%2#:"+).+#+D!77V16!T3BX3B!SbR(C%#U!76!YC''!['!
a+%'!%*+'5!*Z!\(*3@$3ED![#?#(3&!34'C?C'C#%!8##@!@C%4+%%C*8!*8!&*BC%'C4%D!
AB&9.$(:&C"26.3;&D$%E+(:%6"-%6F&G-%.2"H&/0&I)25+/2&G$%%5!%R*8%*(#@!0E!['(#3,!X#3,D!
2##'!3'!X$C8!F3I#%!N3(ID!2*(#!C8Z*!$C&&!4*,#!0E!#,3C&D!Q3&&!\#4IE!CZ!E*+!@*8^'!53?#!#,3C&!38@!
E*+!$38'!'*!R3('C4CR3'#D!
A&'H$)-&C.#"$6.3;&C%$*)(%J%$$3!38@!*'5#(!%R(C8B!Z&*$#(%!3'!\3%I#''!G(#3/!#3%'!*Z!G%5&38@D!
N*%%C0&E!-.!23(45!@#R#8@C8B!*8!$#3'5#(D!2##'!3'!2PQ!T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(!3'!7R,!Z*(!43(R**&%D!
Q3&&!\#4IE!8*$!CZ!E*+!@*8^'!53?#!#,3C&!38@!E*+!$38'!'*!R3('C4CR3'#D!
K&'H$)-&C.#"$6.3&7B&.L&M&AHL;&,-.2#&C.-%&.#&N$.60/$6&!.$LD!\#!'5#(#!3'!>!Z*(!%#';+RD!\(C8B!
R*''#@!R&38'%!(#3@E!Z*(!%3&#D!X5C%!C%!3&$3E%!$#&&!3''#8@#@V!Q3&&!N3+&3!'*!4*8ZC(,!E*+(!'C,#!'*!
?*&+8'##(D!
7=&'H$)-&C"26.3&O.$#:&P.3&G/-"LJ).Q&@//2&#/&RHLS!\#!3'!'5#!0**'5!%C'#!S%R34#!=d9U!*8!'5#!
%*+'5!%C@#!*Z!O&,!a+%'!#3%'!*Z!'5#!b8C?#(%C'E!B3'#%!S8#3(!N#34#!N3(IU!0#'$##8!>!38@!76!3,!Z*(!%#'!
+RD!\(C8B!R*''#@!R&38'%!(#3@E!Z*(!%3&#D!Q3(%!,+%'!0#!*ZZ!'5#!%'(##'!0E!77D!!X5C%!C%!3&$3E%!$#&&!
3''#8@#@!38@!Z+8V!Q3&&!N3+&3!'*!4*8ZC(,!E*+(!'C,#!'*!?*&+8'##(D!
A7&'H$)-&>:"$+6.3;&?"2(:&4)#:&@.#)*%&,-.2#&%2#:"+).+#+D!77V16!T3BX3B!SbR(C%#U!76!YC''!['!
a+%'!%*+'5!*Z!\(*3@$3ED!
AT&'H$)-&U$.:.L&G.*%&C#.#%&,.$5S&V//6-.26&.26&1-.6%&+H$)21&0-/4%$+D!2##'!3'!2PQ!
T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(!Z*(!43(R**&%!'*!&#3?#!3'!>!3,D!\(C8B!$3'#(/!%834I/!43,#(3/!%+853'!38@!38E!*'5#(!
R#(%*83&!4*,Z*('%D!F3'#!&+845!3'!Q(3C8^%!%'*(#!C8!HC&&C3,%0+(BD!
A8&'H$)-&#:$"&=&9.3&)LH$/LH#"&L)6E4%%5;![5**'C8B!%'3(%!3'!1;Q(##I%!QGD!Q3&&!\#4IE!CZ!E*+!
@*8^'!53?#!#,3C&!38@!E*+!$38'!'*!R3('C4CR3'#D!
TB&'H$)-&EA&9.3&C#.#%&9%%#)21&W/H-)2S!JC#&@!'(CR%!'*!PC3,*8@!M(*?#!N(3C(C#!38@!HC&@43'!
M&3@#D![##!N#'3&!N+%5#(!Z*(!@#'3C&%D!
Q3&#8@3(!4*8'C8+#@!*8!N3B#!-!
Q3&&!N3+&3!Z*(!,*(#!C8Z*(,3'C*8!=:=;=--9!
X5#!Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(!*Z!'5#!
>:.25+&#/&?%.&?.216/2Q&@.2(3&?.214/$#:3Q&.26&,."-.&,%#%$+&0/$&#:%)$&+"JL)++)/2+&#/&#:%&
2C%%*+(C!"3'C?#!N&38'![*4C#'E!
2%4+-%##%$S&X5#!,*(#!@C?#(%C'E!`!B#'!Z*(!%+0,C%%C*8%/!'5#!(C45#(!$C&&!0#!'5#!4*8'#8'!*Z!'5C%!
"#$%&#''#(!C%!R+0&C%5#@!,*8'5&ED!
8#$%&#''#(D!O?#(E*8#!438!$(C'#/!a+%'!B*!Z*(!C'e!!O@C'*(&&
[#8@!%+0,C%%C*8%!'*V!
@,#1A,$$,')B4/$&')
\#4IE!O(C4I%*8!
9:1;.9:;-17=!
0#4IE#(C4IA%*4I#'D8#'!!
NXU&>I'@YC&#/&P/"1&9)--%$!Z*(!(#?C?C8B!'5#!$#0!%C'#D!Y*R#Z+&&E!3&&!,#,0#(%!$C&&!?C%C'!*+(!
$#0%C'#!'*!%##!'5#!#c4C'C8B!C8Z*(,3'C*8!3?3C&30&#!'*!'5#!R+0&C4D!b%#!C'!3%!3!'**&!'*!C8?C'#!8#$!
,#,0#(%D!
!"#$%&'$$!(%!"#$%)*!%+,)$-.%!/0)%1*%2,'%&3$%$+"/4%)$5!4$&&$'6
!"#$%&'$$!(%!"#$%)*!%+,)$-.%!/0)%1*%2,'%&3$%$+"/4%)$5!4$&&$'6%
-.%!/0)%1*%2,'%&3$%$+"/4%)$5!4$&&$'6%
!
W.2".$3&9%%#)21&9)2"#%+&
0%89"**,:'82';//'<)=,9)/'0,1&,*)&2'
X5#!L38+3(E!76/!-677!,##'C8B!*Z!'5#!Y3$'5*(8!453R'#(!*Z!
2C%%*+(C!"3'C?#!N&38'%![*4C#'E!$3%!43&&#@!'*!*(@#(!3'!.R,!0E!
R(#%C@#8'!)38#%%3!2#&'*8;[C&?#ED!X5C%!,##'C8B!$3%!R&388C8B!
,##'C8B!'*!@C%4+%%!,##'C8B!R(*B(3,%!38@!34'C?C'C#%!Z*(!'5#!
+R4*,C8B!43&#8@3(!E#3(D!
!!!!!N3+&3!$C&&!53?#!'5#!'(#3%+(#(^%!(#R*('!C8!'5#!+R4*,C8B!
8#$%&#''#(!SX5C%!(#R*('!$3%!R+0&C%5#@!C8!J#0(+3(EUD!
!!!!!!)$+#&/$6%$&/0&J"+)2%++V!#&#4'!'5#!8*,C8##%!Z*(!'(#3%+(#(!38@!
?C4#;R(#%C@#8'D!X(#3%+(#(^%!R*%C'C*8!C%!'*!0#!%53(#@!0E!N3+&3!N#'#(%!
Z*(!,#,0#(%5CR!38@!L*58!M#*(B#!Z*(!'(#3%+(#(D!)C4#!N(#%C@#8'!
8*,C8##!"384E!F38B$*('5ED!\3&&*'%!$#(#!R3%%#@!3(*+8@!Z*(!
,#,0#(%!'*!?*'#!*8!'5#!8*,C8##%D!)*'C8B!$3%!+838C,*+%!C8!
344#R'C8B!'5#!8*,C8##%D!
Z-6&J"+)2%++;!)38#%%3!388*+84#@!'5#!\&3fC8B!['3(!3$3(@!$3%!
BC?#8!'*!\#4IE!O(C4I%*8!Z*(!5#(!B#8#(*+%!4*8'(C0+'C*8%!'*!'5#!
453R'#(D!
@%4&J"+)2%++;!2*(#!Z*(,3&!@C%4+%%C*8!$3%!#%'30&C%5C8B!38!
3$3(@!Z*(!*+'%'38@C8B!4*8'(C0+'C*8!'*!83'C?#!R&38'!
+%3B#W%'#$3(@%5CR!Z*(!8*8;453R'#(!,#,0#(%!C8!'5#!4*,,+8C'ED!
)38#%%3!38@!"384E!F38B$*('5E!53?#!%'3('#@!@#?#&*RC8B!
B+C@#&C8#%!38@!'5#%#!$#(#!R3%%#@!3(*+8@!Z*(!,*(#!4*,,#8'%!38@!
%+BB#%'C*8%D!
!!!!!G!4*,,+8C43'C*8!Z(*,!Q3(*&!P3?C'!(#B3(@C8B!#%'30&C%5,#8'!*Z!
3!2C%%*+(C!N(3C(C#!J*+8@3'C*8!N(3C(C#!M3(@#8%!Z+8@!*8!0#53&Z!*Z!
5#(!R3(#8'%^!96'5!$#@@C8B!388C?#(%3(ED!`8'#(#%'!Z(*,!'5C%!Z+8@!
$*+&@!0#!+%#@!Z*(!B(38'!R(*B(3,%!'*!%+RR*('!R(3C(C#!B3(@#8!
R(*a#4'%!3%%*4C3'#@!$C'5!%45**&%/!R3(I%/!38@!*'5#(!?#8+#%!3(*+8@!
2C%%*+(CD!P*83'C*8%!'*!'5C%!Z+8@!,3E!4*,#!Z(*,!C8@C?C@+3&%!3%!
$#&&!3%!B(*+R%D!
'(#)*)#)%+&G.-%26.$&AB77&
G/2#)2"%6&
K&9.3&9/26.3!<%1"-.$&9%%#)21!:V66R,!3'!'5#!
b8C'3(C38!Q5+(45/!-.79![5#R3(@!\&?@D!F#3!F38B@*8!
$C&&!R(#%#8'!'5#!R(*B(3,!*8!#@C0&#!$C&@!R&38'%D![##!
3('C4&#!R3B#D!
78&9.3&[C!C\,.$)+&!/$5&DG.--.4.3&G/F;!*(45C@%!
38@!*'5#(!$**@&38@!%R(C8B!Z&*$#(%D!2##'!3'!2PQ!
T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(!Z*(!43(R**&%!'*!&#3?#!3'!>!3,D!
A7&9.3&G-)0#3&G$%%5&@'&D9.$)%+&G/F;!G!&C''&#!*ZZ!
'5#!0#3'#8!R3'5D!G!(#3&!'(#3'!Z*(!'5#!3@?#8'+(*+%D!2##'!
3'!2PQ!T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(!Z*(!43(R**&%!'*!&#3?#!3'!<!
3,D!\(C8B!43,#(3/!$3'#(/!%834I/!%+853'/!38E!*'5#(!
R#(%*83&!4*,Z*('%D!F+845!3Z'#(!3'!"3'C?#!['*8#!
HC8#(E!%*+'5!*Z!N(3C(C#!Y*,#D!
8&W"2%&C.#"$6.3;&W%.2&U$.%J2%$]+&H$.)$)%&H-.2#)21!
C8!T*45#R*('D!2##'!3'!2PQ!T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(!Z*(!
Q3(R**&%!'*!&#3?#!3'!>!3,D!)C%C'!24P#(,*''!2#,*(C3&!
R&38'C8B!S@*!%*,#!$##@C8BU!C8!R3(I!C8!T*45#R*('!*8!
JC(%'!['(##'D![##!L#38^%!R(3C(C#!30*+'!76V79]!$#!438!
'3&I!30*+'!530C'3'!(#4*8%'(+4'C*8!38@!453&&#8B#%D!\(C8B!
&+845!ZCcC8B%!S5*'!@C%5!'*!3!&3(B#!4+';+R!%+0/!Z(+C'!*(!
%3&3@U!'*!%53(#D!`Z!E*+!$38'!'*!@*!*8&E!'5#!R&38'C8B!
'*+(!38@!R*'&+4I/!E*+!,3E!4*8'34'!L#38!3'!
M(3#08#(A4#8'+(E&C8ID8#'!D!
7R&W"2%&>:"$+6.3&.0#%$2//2;&^".)-&_&@.#)*%&
,-.2#+&N$.60/$6&!.$LS!!!=!;<!R,D![#'!+R!3'!1!R,D!
N&#3%#!?*&+8'##(!'*!5#&R!$C'5!0**'5D!
7BE7A&W"2%&!$)6.3EC"26.3;&C#.#%&9%%#)21&J.+%6&.#&
X$/2#/2S!)C%C'!(#%'*(3'C*8!#ZZ*('%!3'!L*58%*8![5+';C8%!
38@!8#3(;0E!Z#8%!h!R(*030&E!%##!B(3%%!RC8I!*(45C@%!
C(:%6"-)21&%*%2#+Q&0)%-6&#$)H+&.26&.(#)*)#)%+;&
38@!YC8#^%!#,#(3&@!@(3B*8Z&ED![##!N#'3&!N+%5#(!Z*(!
!! O6"(.#)/2.-&.26&0"26E$.)+)21&%*%2#+&)2(-"6%V!
@#'3C&%D!
GR(C&!>!"3'C?#!N&38'!P3E!3'!\(3@Z*(@!J3(,!
A`&W"2%;&9"-%&C:/%&G/2+%$*.#)/2&'$%.!SYC4I*(E!
GR(C&!7:!O3('5!P3E!C8!N#34#!N3(I/!Q*&+,0C3!
Q*U!%,3&&!Z#8%/!@*&*,C'#!B&3@#%/!L*58!M#*(B#!
L+8#!>!g+3C&!P3E!3'!\(3@Z*(@!J3(,!
S,#,0#(!38@!2PQ!T#BC*83&!"3'+(3&C%'U!&#3@#(D!
[#R'#,0#(!-=!`8!X*+45!HC'5!"3'+(#!3'!\+%0E!J3(,/!L#ZZ#(%*8!QC'E! 2##'C8B!'C,#!X\GD!
K4'*0#(!79!Q5#%'8+'!T*3%'!3'!YGTQ!C8!"#$!J(38I&C8!
AT&W"-3&9.$5&N%-4//6&,$.)$)%&$%+#/$.#)/2&2%.$&
GZ'#(!@C%4+%%C*8/!C'!$3%!@#4C@#@!O4*!G('!J#%'!3'!Q**R#(^%!
9.$+:.--&W(#2S!2##'!3'!2PQ!T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(!Z*(!
F38@C8B!38@!J*(+,!X(3C&!P3E!$#(#!8*'!$*('5$5C&#!'*!%#'!+R!3!
Q3(R**&%!'*!&#3?#!3'!<!3,D!\(C8B!43,#(3/!$3'#(/!%834I/!
0**'5D!\#4IE!O(C4I%*8!3%I#@!'53'!%*,#!*'5#(!,#,0#(!8##@%!'*!
%+853'/!38E!*'5#(!R#(%*83&!4*,Z*('%D!H#!438!'3&I!
%'*(#!'5#!'30&#!38@!@C%R&3E!0*3(@!Z*(!'5#!0**'5!3%!$#&&!3%!'(38%R*('! 30*+'!530C'3'!(#4*8%'(+4'C*8!38@!453&&#8B#%D!F+845!3'!
'5#,!'*!#?#8'%D!N3+&3!N#'#(%!*ZZ#(#@!'*!%'*(#!'5#,]!L*58!H5C'#!
M&#88i%!SQ3a+8U!T#%'3+(38'!C8!J(#@(C4I!Y*'#&!C8!
*ZZ#(#@!'*!'(38%R*('D!!
\**8?C&&#D!![##!3('C4&#!
!! !)%-6&#$)H+;!L*58!M#*(B#!38@!2CI#!F#35E!0*'5!C8!
AB&'"1"+#&C.#"$6.3&G/.5-%3&I/--/4&.26&Za.$5&
3''#8@384#!*ZZ#(#@!%+BB#%'C*8%!Z*(!'5C%!%#3%*8^%!ZC#&@!'(CR%!3%!$#&&!
G.*%$2&@'&DG.L6%2&G/FS!H3'45!Z*(!@#'3C&%D!
3%!'*!&#3@!%*,#D![+BB#%'C*8%!$#(#!8*'#@!%*!'5#!ZC#&@!'(CR!
KE77&C%H#Q&!$)6.3&EC"26.3;&C#.#%&9%%#)21&C%6.-).;!
4*,,C''##!4*+&@!,##'!3'!3!Z+'+(#!'C,#!'*!%#'!+R!'5#!%45#@+&#D!
2*%'!*+'%'38@C8B!R(3C(C#%!C8!'5#!(#BC*8D!H3'45!N#'3&!
SQ3&#8@3(!R+0&C%5#@!C8!'5C%!#@C'C*8DU!
N+%5#(!Z*(!@#'3C&%D!
A8&C%H#%LJ%$&C.#"$6.3;&I.I.>/25.&C#.#%&,.$5S!
!! N"+)2%++&L%%#)21&H$/1$.L+;!X5#!23(45!,##'C8B!53%!
H3'45!Z*(!@#'3C&%D!
%45#@+&#@!23(I!\#&$**@!'*!4*,#!%R#3I!30*+'!5C%!R(3C(C#!
b&Z(#/J%$&!.--&G/-/$&4.-5S&C%26&"+&3/"$&)6%.&0/$&.&
(#%'*(3'C*8!C8![3&C8#!4*+8'ED!Y#!3&%*!*ZZ#(#@!5C%!R&34#!'*!%##!'5#!
6%+#)2.#)/2S!H3'45!Z*(!@#'3C&%D!
(#%'*(3'C*8!3%!3!ZC#&@!'(CRD!"*!*'5#(!R(*B(3,%!3(#!%45#@+&#@!3'!'5C%!
7`&Z(#/J%$&G:%+#2"#&!%+#)*.-&7B.L&#/&8&HLD!\#!
'C,#D!
'5#(#!3'!>3,!Z*(!%#';+RD!\(C8B!R*''#@!R&38'%!(#3@E!Z*(!
M&#88!NC4I#''!$C&&!0#!3%I#@!'*!+R@3'#!'5#!453R'#(!3'!3!
%3&#D!X5C%!C%!3&$3E%!$#&&!3''#8@#@!38@!Z+8V!Q3&&!N3+&3!
Z+'+(#!,##'C8B!*8!'5#!B(38'!R(*B(3,D!
'*!4*8ZC(,!E*+(!'C,#!'*!?*&+8'##(D!
2##'C8B!$3%!3@a*+(8#@!30*+'!:V16R,D!
!
!
U%/$1%&Z-+/2&Oc:)J)#)/2;&
>.--1$.++&,$.)$)%!
;//$%/1,9,/*'#7$/#$&,:'82'>,$&?,'6).,8'@"/?5)9'
>)..,&2'
'
>/H)(+&0/$&9.$(:&_&9.3&
9%%#)21&,$/1$.L+&
<%6)+(/*%$)21&#:%&>.--1$.++&,$.)$)%S&
#%89"**,:'82'!)&='@,.4$$:A'.)/:$4/,&')/:'&,#*$&)*"$/"#*''
J*(!'5#!R(*B(3,!*8!'5#!#?#8C8B!*Z!2*8@3E!7=!23(45/!`!R&38!
'*!BC?#!3!0(*3@!5C%'*(E!*Z!'5#!"*('5!G,#(C438!R(3C(C#!
Z*&&*$#@!0E!3!,*(#!(#4#8'!5C%'*(E!*Z!'5#!&*43&!X3&&B(3%%!
N(3C(C#D!`!$C&&!Z*&&*$!'5C%!$C'5!(#4#8'!R5*'*%!`!53?#!'3I#8!3'!
Oc:)J)#)/2&P.#%+;&!%J$".$3&AbE9.$(:&A8S!!
&*43&!R+0&C4!R(3C(C#!(#,838'%!C8!'5#!F3,C8#!TC?#(!$3'#(%5#@!
X5#!M#*(B#!Q3&#0!\C8B53,!M3&&#(E!C%!R&#3%#@!'*! 38@!\&34I$3'#(!TC?#(!$3'#(%5#@!38@!3'!R(3C(C#!(#%'*(3'C*8!
5*%'!3!%*&*!#c5C0C'C*8!Z#3'+(C8B!)2#%$2.#)/2.--3&
R&*'%!*8!*+(!Z3(,D!X5#%#!R5*'*%!$C&&!Z*4+%!*8!R(3C(C#!Z&*(3D!
$%(/12)a%6&.$#)+#&U%/$1%&Z-+/2D!!
X5#!R(*B(3,!$C&&!4*84&+@#!$C'5!(#%'*(3'C*8!,#'5*@%!+%C8B!
!!!!!!!!!X5C%!#c5C0C'!Z#3'+(#%!K&%*8i%!$3'#(4*&*(%!
,E!#ZZ*('%!3%!#c3,R&#%D!`!$C&&!#85384#!'5#!R(*B(3,!0E!
38@!@(3$C8B%!*Z!$C&@Z&*$#(%!38@!B(3%%#%!*Z!'5#!
,#8'C*8C8B!,E!+%#!*Z!@CBC'3&!43,#(3%!38@!MN[!(#4#C?#(%/!3%!
"*('5!G,#(C438!N(3C(C#D!K&%*8i%!3('$*(I!38@!
'5#E!(#&3'#!'*!'5#!'*RC4D!`i&&!%##!E*+!3'!9V16!Z*(!'5#!,##'C8B!
43(##(!(#R(#%#8'!5C%!4*,,C',#8'!'*!(#4*(@C8B!38@! R(*B(3,/!*8!2*8@3E!23(45!7=e!
R(#%#(?C8B!'5#!2C@$#%'#(8!F38@%43R#D!X5#!
L+&E!-1!$C&&!0#!3!B**@!@3'#!Z*(!3!ZC#&@!'(CRD!S23(I!
RC#4#%!C8!'5C%!%5*$!(#R(#%#8'!'5#!3('C%'i%!4+((#8'!
E*+(!43&#8@3(%!"KHeU!\(C8B!$3'#(!38@!3!%834I!Z*(!E*+(%#&Z/!
#8@#3?*(%!3%!$#&&!3%!4#&#0(3'#!5C%!&*8B!38@!
3!%+853'!38@!38E!*'5#(!R#(%*83&!4*,Z*('%!3%!$#!$C&&!0#!C8!'5#!
R(*@+4'C?#!43(##(D!!
*R#8!Z*(!30*+'!'$*!5*+(%D!J*(!43(R**&%/!,##'!3'!'5#!2PQ!
!
T#%#3(45!Q#8'#(!'*!&#3?#!3'!<3,D!K(!@(C?#!E*+(%#&Z!'*!23(I^%!
5*+%#V!Z(*,!Q*&+,0C3/!'3I#!`;:6!$#%'D!G'!'5#!4&*?#(&#3Z!
U$%%2&!)$%&
C8'#(%#4'C*8!$C'5!b[!.9!YC$3E/!'3I#!'5#!.9![*+'5!#cC'!'*$3(@!
!
[#@3&C3D![**8!SC,,#@C3'#&EU!3Z'#(!B#''C8B!*8'*!b[!.9!,*?#!
G&@*!F#*R*&@!C%!4*8%C@#(#@!'5#!Z3'5#(!*Z!'5#!
C8'*!'5#!&#Z'!&38#D!X+(8!&#Z'!3'!'5#!ZC(%'!4(*%%*?#(!$5C45!C%!
,*@#(8!O8?C(*8,#8'3&!2*?#,#8'!S[38@!Q*+8'E! [*+'5!K+'#(!T*3@!O3%'!j*(![3&C8#!Q*+8'E!T*3@!77.kD!G'!
G&,3834UD!!X5#!F#*R*&@!J*+8@3'C*8!53%!
30*+'!7W-!,C&#!'+(8!(CB5'!*8'*!l3'E@C@!F38#!@(C?C8B!%*+'5!
R(*@+4#@!3!?C@#*!#8'C'&#@!C',,()D/',&$5C45!
+8'C&!C'!@#3@;#8@%!3'!23(I^%!5*+%#!j30*+'!7W1!,C&#kD!!
C&&+%'(3'#%!5*$!F#*R*&@i%!&38@!#'5C4%!?C%C*8!
GZ'#(!3!'*+(!3'!23(I^%!Z3(,!$#!$C&&!53?#!&+845!3'!
4*8'C8+#%!'*!C8%RC(#!R#*R&#!3(*+8@!'5#!$*(&@D!!
M&#8^%!T#%'3+(38'!SQ3a+8!Z**@U!C8!Y*'#&!J(#@(C4I/!C8!
X5#!'(3C&#(!C%!$#&&!$*('5!$3'45C8B!!
\**8?C&&#!3(*+8@!8**8D!
5''RVWW?C,#*D4*,W<..>>::!!!X*!%##!$5#(#!C'i%!
%5*$C8B!8#3(!E*+!
5''RVWW$$$DB(##8ZC(#,*?C#D4*,W!!!!
M#*(B#!Q3&#0!\C8B53,!M3&&#(E/!G7-9!JC8#!G('%!
\+C&@C8B/!YC''!['!d!b8C?D!G?#D/!2b!43,R+%!!
N5*8#V!9:1;<<-;1999/!!
2*8;J(C/!<!3,!;9!R,D!
!!
Z"#)21&#/&W%.2]+&
&
8&W"2%&C.#"$6.3;&W%.2&U$.%J2%$]+&H$.)$)%&
H-.2#)21!C8!T*45#R*('D!2##'!3'!2PQ!T#%#3(45!
Q#8'#(!Z*(!Q3(R**&%!'*!&#3?#!3'!>!3,D!)C%C'!
24P#(,*''!2#,*(C3&!R&38'C8B!S@*!%*,#!
$##@C8BU!C8!R3(I!C8!T*45#R*('!*8!JC(%'!['(##'D!
[##!L#38^%!R(3C(C#!30*+'!76V79]!$#!438!'3&I!30*+'!
530C'3'!(#4*8%'(+4'C*8!38@!453&&#8B#%D!\(C8B!
&+845!ZCcC8B%!S38E'5C8BV!5*'!@C%5!'*!3!&3(B#!4+';+R!
%+0/!Z(+C'!*(!%3&3@U!'*!%53(#D!`Z!E*+!$38'!'*!@*!
*8&E!'5#!R&38'C8B!'*+(!38@!R*'&+4I/!E*+!,3E!
4*8'34'!L#38!3'!M(3#08#(A4#8'+(E&C8ID8#'!Z*(!
@C(#4'C*8%D!
!
!"#$%&'$$!(%!"#$%)*!%+,)$-.%%
!"#$%&'$$!(%!"#$%)*!%+,)$-.%%
!/0)%1*%2,'%&3$%$+"/4%)$5!4$&&$'6
!/0)%1*%2,'%&3$%$+"/4%)$5!4$&&$'6%
HC&@!
%'(3$0#((C#%!
\O!R5*'*!
O6)J-%&V)-6&,-.2#+&,$%+%2#%6&)2&9.3&
0%89"**,:'82'B,)'B)/?:$/A'9,98,&'
F#3!F38B@*8!53%!0##8!C8'#(#%'#@!C8!#@C0&#!$C&@!R&38'%!3&,*%'!
3%!&*8B!3%!%5#!53%!0##8!B3(@#8C8B/!38@!%5#!#8a*E%!53(?#%'C8B!
'5#,!38@!%53(C8B!83'+(#i%!0*+8'ED!J*(!'5#!23E!,##'C8B!
R(*B(3,/!%5#!$C&&!R(#%#8'!%*,#!#@C0&#!$C&@!R&38'%!'53'!E*+!
438!ZC8@!0*'5!C8!E*+(!B3(@#8!38@!C8!$C&@!%R34#%/!38@!$C&&!
%53(#!5*$!'*!53(?#%'!38@!#3'!'5#,!C8!%C,R&#!$3E%D![5#!
#cR#4'%!'*!0(C8B!3!Z#$!$C&@!Z**@%!'*!'3%'#!3%!$#&&D!F#3!@*#%!
8*'!4&3C,!'*!0#!38!#cR#('/!38@!$*+&@!$#&4*,#!C8R+'!Z(*,!
*'5#(!"N[!Z*&I%/!CZ!'5#(#!3(#!*'5#(%!$C'5!'5C%!C8'#(#%'D![5#!
C8?C'#%!E*+!'*!0(C8B!%*,#!*Z!E*+(!Z3?*(C'#!*(!%+BB#%'#@!$C&@!
#@C0&#%!Z*(!+%!'*!'(ED!
9.5)21&G/$6.1%&0$/L&@.#)*%&,-.2#+&
)+&N/#:&'$#&.26&[#)-)#3S&
&
@2'():")'()+)&&,*,CD"/:)..')/:'E)*52'<".:5)8,&'
Q*(@3B#!438!0#!,3@#!$C'5!'$*!*(!,*(#!%'(CR%!*Z!R&38'!
*(!38C,3&!ZC0#(%!'53'!3(#!'$C%'#@!*(!R&C#@!'*B#'5#(D!N&38'!
ZC0#(%!438!0#!R(*@+4#@!Z(*,!%'#,%/!&#3?#%!*(!03(I!*Z!
5#(034#*+%!*(!$**@E!R&38'%D!\#Z*(#!'5#!'#c'C&#!0**,!
38@!'5#!`8@+%'(C3&!T#?*&+'C*8/!83'C?#!ZC0#(%!$#(#!+%#@!
'*!,3I#!4*(@3B#!'*!4(3Z'!$53'!$3%!8##@#@!Z*(!%+(?C?3&D!
X(3R%/!ZC%5C8B!R*&#%/!38@!5+8'C8B!0*$%!Z*(!B3'5#(C8B!
Z**@!$#(#!,3@#!*+'!*Z!83'+(3&!ZC0#(%/!3%!$#&&!3%/!,3'%/!
03%I#'%/!0(34#&#'%/!38@!Z**'$#3(D!G'!R(#%#8'/!'5#(#!3(#!
#ZZ*('%!34(*%%!'5#!4*+8'(E!'*!(#?C?#!'5C%!"3'C?#!
G,#(C438!3('!j+%+3&&E!(#Z#((#@!3%!R(C,C'C?#!3('kD!`8!
2C%%*+(C/!\C&&!P3?C'!$C'5!'5#!2C%%*+(C!N(3C(C#!
J*+8@3'C*8!53%!0##8!R(*,*'C8B!'5#!+%#%!*Z!4*(@3B#!Z*(!
'5#!R3%'!Z#$!E#3(%D!Y#!C8'(*@+4#@!+%!'*!4*(@3B#!38@!
,*'C?3'#@!+%!'*!4*8'C8+#!5C%!&#B34E!@+(C8B!#?#8'%!
R(*,*'#@!0E!FC84*&8!b8C?#(%C'ED!!
!!!!!Q*(@3B#!438!0#!+%#@!3%!3!4+&'+(3&!'**&!'*!4*88#4'!
45C&@(#8!38@!3@+&'%!$C'5!83'+(#!38@!344#R'!4*(@3B#!3%!3!
R3%'!38@!R(#%#8'!3('D!X5#!"3'C?#!N&38'%!N(*B(3,!C%!3&%*!
R(*,*'C8B!*'5#(!+%#%!*Z!83'C?#!R&38'%!3,*8B!
+8@#(%#(?#@!3+@C#84#%!38@!'5#!R+0&C4!3'!&3(B#D!X5#!
ZC0#(%!*Z!83'C?#!R&38'%!3(#!%'(*8B!38@!@+(30&#!38@!
R(*?C@#!'5#!03%C%!Z*(!,38E!R(34'C43&!C'#,%!38@!C@#3%!Z*(!
83'+(3&!,Cc!,#@C3!C8!ZC8#!3('%D!X5#!,3(I#'30C&C'E!*Z!
R(*@+4'%!,3@#!Z(*,!83'C?#!,3'#(C3&%/!%+45!3%!
*(83,#8'3&!a#$#&(E/!%38@3&%/!0#&'%/!5*'!R3@%/!(+B%/!
03%I#'%!38@!538@03B%/!438!0#!Z+8!38@!R*'#8'C3&&E!
B#8#(3'#!%*,#!(#?#8+#!38@!a*0%D!
!!!!!J*(!3!&C%'!*Z!"*('5!G,#(C438!R&38'%!'53'!R(*?C@#!
ZC0#(%!Z*(!4*(@3B#!%##!F3E'*8/!-66.D!H#!3(#!C84&+@C8B!
'5(##!4*,,*8!83'C?#!R&38'%!'53'!R(*?C@#!B**@!m+3&C'E!
4*(@3B#!C8!2C%%*+(C!j\C&&!P3?C'/!R#(%*83&!
4*,,+8C43'C*8k/!3%!Z*&&*$%V!!
B'7(E/9;) 7900/.&A/9;' *(! (3''&#%83I#! ,3%'#(! C%! 3! 1;=!
Z##'! '3&&/! E+443! 'ER#! R&38'D! `'! 438! 0#! Z*+8@! C8! B&3@#%/!
R(3C(C#%/! 38@! C8! *R#8! $**@%D! ! J*(! 4*(@3B#/! '5#! &#3?#%!
3(#! 4*&&#4'#@! $5#8! '5#E! '+(8! 0(*$8! C8! '5#! Z3&&D! X5#!
&#3?#%! 438! 0#! $*?#8! '*! ,3I#! 3! '5C4I/! %'(*8B! (*R#D! G!
%38@3&/!#%'C,3'#@!'*!0#!*?#(!</666!E#3(%!*&@/!,3@#!Z(*,!
(3''&#%83I#! ,3%'#(! $3%! Z*+8@! C8! 3! 43?#! C8! 4#8'(3&!
2C%%*+(CD! T3''&#%83I#! ,3%'#(! 438! 0#! R(*R3B3'#@! Z(*,!
%##@! 38@! 3%#c+3&&E! 0E! @C?C%C*8! *Z! '5#! +8@#(B(*+8@!
%'#,%D!`'!438!0#!3!8C4#!3@@C'C*8!C8!B3(@#8%!Z*(!C'%!0#3+'E!
38@! Z*(! R(*?C@C8B! Z**@! Z*(! 0+''#(Z&C#%! 38@! 83'C?#!
R*&&C83'*(%D!!
F10A,+/"1)17'/"0"))))))))))))))))))))))B'7(E/9;)7900".&A/9;)
!!
!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"3@C3!"3?3((#'#;XC8@3&&!R5*'*%!
F10A,+/"1)17'/"0"'$&'4*,,*8!,C&I$##@!C%!3!-;.D9!Z##'!'3&&!R&38'D!`'!
C%!*8#!*Z!'5#!,C&I$##@%!Z3?*(C'#!*Z!,*83(45!0+''#(Z&C#%D!Y3(?#%'C8B!
Z*(!4*(@3B#!0#BC8%!$5#8!'5#!%'3&I!#3%C&E!0(#3I%!3$3E!Z(*,!'5#!
B(*+8@!$5#8!'5#!&#3?#%!Z3&&!*ZZ!C8!'5#!&3'#!Z3&&D!X5#!ZC0#(%!3(#!
#c'(34'#@!Z(*,!C8%C@#!'5#!@(C#@!%'3&I%D!N(*R3B3'C*8!C%!Z(*,!%##@!
38@!Z(*,!@C?C%C*8!*Z!'5#!+8@#(B(*+8@!%'#,%D!Q**I#@!%5**'%/!
Z&*$#(%!38@!B(##8!R*@%!438!0#!4*8%+,#@!3%!Z**@!jN#'#(%*8!7>::kD!
`'%!Z&*$#(%!3''(34'!83'C?#!0##%/!0+''#(Z&C#%!38@!*'5#(!0#8#ZC4C3&!
C8%#4'%D!
;7$12/%9'
1)//)8"/%9A'
@*B038#D!JC#&@!,3(I%!
3(#!4*&*8C3&!R&38'%/!
*RR*%C'#!&#3?#%/!!
(#@!%'#,/!,C&IE!%3R/!!
%,3&&!$5C'#!Z&*$#(%D!
!
"";X!R5*'*!
!
F+&07(9;)0"(("</(9;'$&'@*B038#!C%!38!+R(CB5'!R#(#88C3&!+R!'*!
1!Z##'!'3&&!'53'!%R(*+'%!C8!'5#!%R(C8B!Z(*,!+8@#(B(*+8@!%'#,%D!`'!C%!
Z*+8@!B(*$C8B!C8!R(3C(C#%/!B&3@#%/!(*3@%C@#%/!38@!*'5#(!@C%'+(0#@!
%C'#%D!J*(!4*(@3B#/!@*B038#!%5*+&@!0#!53(?#%'#@!C8!'5#!&3'#!Z3&&!
$5#8!'5#!&#3?#%!53?#!'+(8#@!E#&&*$!38@!Z3&&#8!*ZZD!X5#!%'(38@%!*Z!
'5#!C88#(!%'#,!3(#!+%#@!'*!,3I#!3!%'(*8B!'5C8!'$C8#D!X5C%!'$C8#!C%!
+%#Z+&!Z*(!8#'%/!03B%/!38@!%#$C8BD!`'!C%!R(*R3B3'#@!Z(*,!%##@!38@!
+8@#(B(*+8@!%'#,%D!F**I!Z*(!'5C4I!%'38@%!C8!'5#!Z3&&/!#%R#4C3&&E!
3&*8B!(*3@%C@#%D!!
Q*,,*8!,C&I$##@!38@!@*B038#!,3E!0#!4*8%C@#(#@!
3BB(#%%C?#!0E!%*,#!38@!%5*+&@!8*'!0#!C84&+@#@!C8!&38@%43RC8B]!
5*$#?#(/!'5#E!53?#!3!R&34#!C8!83'+(3&!R&38'C8B%D!
`Z!E*+!3(#!C8'#(#%'#@!C8!,3IC8B!E*+(!*$8!0(34#&#'/!?C%C'!
'5#!"3'C?#!N&38'%!N(*B(3,!0**'5!@+(C8B!'5#!"3'C?#!N&38'![3&#!3'!
\(3@Z*(@!J3(,!'5C%!4*,C8B!GR(C&!>D!
[#&#4'#@!(#Z#(#84#%!
!!P3?C'/!QD!-66=D!T#?C?C8B!38!384C#8'!4(3Z'D!2C%%*+(C!N(3C(C#!L*+(83&D!-9V=!
!!P#8C%*8/!OD!-676D!2C%%*+(C!HC&@Z&*$#(%D!.'5!O@C'C*8D!2C%%*+(C!
P#R3(',#8'!*Z!Q*8%#(?3'C*8D!
!!P#8%,*(#/!JD!!7>:=D!Y*$!`8@C38%!+%#!$C&@!R&38'%!Z*(!Z**@/!,#@C4C8#!d!
4(3Z'%D!
!!"*'30&#!JC8@%!C8!2C%%*+(C!G(453#*&*BED!!
38'5(*,+%#+,D,C%%*+(CD#@+W,C8CB3&&#(C#%W,*3(453#*&*BEWC8'(*!!
344#%%#@!*8!L38!16/!-677!!
!!F3E'*8/!TD!-66.D!Q*(@3B#!C8!"*('5!G,#(C43D!
5''RVWW$$$DR(C,C'C?#$3E%D4*,W4*(@3B#nC8n"*('5nG,#(C43D5',&!/!
344#%%#@!*8!J#0!7/!-677!!
!!N(C8@&#/!XD!-677D!"3'C?#!G,#(C438!4*(@3B#D!5''RVWW$$$D83'C?#'#45D*(B/!
344#%%#@!*8!L38+3(E!16/!-677!
!![53$!"3'+(#!T#%#(?#D!-676D!23IC8B!0(34#&#'%!'5#!"3'C?#!G,#(C438!
$3ED!5''RVWW$$$DE*+'+0#D4*,W$3'45o?pYgZBEJ1291O/!344#%%#@!*8!L38D!
16/!-677D!
9/$%&.++/().#%6&H:/#/+&/2&2%c#&H.1%&&S&S&S&
I.4#:/$2&'4.$6&
0%89"**,:'82'()/12'B)/?4$&*52A'F"1,C7&,#":,/*'
N.(51$/"26V!G'!'5#!L38+3(E!-677!,##'C8B/!N(#%C@#8'!)38#%%3!2#&'*8!
(#,C8@#@!,#,0#(%!R(#%#8'!'53'!*8!%#?#(3&!*443%C*8%!C8!'5#!R3%'!Z#$!
E#3(%/!0*'5!,#,0#(%!38@!8*8;,#,0#(%!53?#!%+BB#%'#@!BC?C8B!3!
\&3fC8B!['3(!G$3(@!'*!3!8*8;,#,0#(!Z*(!%*,#!#c'(3*(@C83(E!#ZZ*('!*8!
0#53&Z!*Z!83'C?#!R&38'%D!Q53R'#(!&#3@#(%5CR!53%!(#%C%'#@!'53'!34'C*8!3%!
\&3fC8B!['3(!G$3(@%!3(#!C8'#8@#@!%R#4CZC43&&E!Z*(!,#,0#(%D!\+'/!'5#!
?3&+#!C8!(#4*B8CfC8B!8*8;,#,0#(!#ZZ*('%!C%!8*'#@/!38@!)38#%%3!3%I#@!
,#!'*!5#&R!5#(!R+'!%*,#'5C8B!'*B#'5#(!'*!%'3('!4*8%C@#(3'C*8!*Z!'5C%!
3$3(@D!)38#%%3!#cR&3C8#@!'5C%!38@!538@#@!*+'!4*RC#%!*Z!3!R(#&C,C83(E!
@(3Z'!*Z!%*,#!'#(,%!Z*(!38!3$3(@!%R#4CZC43&&E!Z*(!8*8;,#,0#(!
4*8'(C0+'C*8%/!R(*?C%C*83&&E!#8'C'&#@!'5#!Y3$'5*(8!G$3(@D!Q+((#8'&E!
'5C%!C%!C8'#8@#@!'*!0#!Z(*,!*+(!453R'#(!%R#4CZC43&&E/!8*'!3%%*4C3'#@!$C'5!
2K"N[D!G!Z#$!4538B#%!$#(#!%+BB#%'#@!C8!'5#!'#(,%!C,,#@C3'#&E!3'!
'53'!,##'C8B!38@!3(#!8*$!C84*(R*(3'#@!C8'*!'5#!@(3Z'!$5C45!C%!R(C8'#@!
0#&*$!Z*(!E*+(!4*8?#8C#84#D!
'(#)/2&$%d"%+#%6V!N&#3%#!4*8%C@#(!ZC(%'!$5#'5#(!E*+!$38'!'*!
%+RR*('!%+45!38!3$3(@/!38@!'5#8!$5#'5#(!'5#!'#(,%!*Z!'5#!3$3(@!3(#!
!
3@#m+3'#D!O,3C&!,#!3'!8384E&38B$*('5EA5*',3C&D4*,!!*(!43&&!j9:1!
<:=;-=.1k!$C'5!E*+(!%+BB#%'C*8%!38@!4*,,#8'%!*8!#%'30&C%5C8B!%+45!38! \C&&!P3?C'!%#&#4'C8B!(3''&#%83I#!,3%'#(!&#3?#%!'*!
3$3(@!38@!'5#!R(*R*%#@!'#(,%!38@!4*8@C'C*8%D!K(/!*Z!4*+(%#/!0(C8B!'5#,! R(#R3(#!4*(@3B#D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"";X!R5*'*%!
'*!'5#!23(45!,##'C8BD!X538I%D!
!
>)L)21&/0&.4.$6V!G%!3RR(*R(C3'#/!0+'!8*!,*(#!'538!*84#!3!E#3(D!
V:/&L.3&$%(%)*%&#:%&.4.$6V!G8!C8@C?C@+3&/!0+%C8#%%/!4*,,+8C'E/!
*(!*(B38Cf3'C*8!8*'!3!4+((#8'!,#,0#(!*Z!'5#!Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(!*Z!'5#!
2C%%*+(C!"3'C?#!N&38'![*4C#'E!*(!38E!*'5#(!453R'#(!*Z!'5#!2C%%*+(C!
"3'C?#!N&38'![*4C#'ED!
'4.$6&($)#%$).V!X5C%!3$3(@!(#4*B8Cf#%!#c4#&&#84#!C8!'5#!
@#,*8%'(3'C*8!*Z!+%C8B!83'C?#!R&38'%!C8!&38@%43R#!@#%CB8!38@!
C,R&#,#8'3'C*8!3%!$#&&!3%!R(C?3'#!38@!R(*Z#%%C*83&!B3(@#8%/!'5#!+%#!*Z!
%+%'3C830&#!B3(@#8C8B!0E!+%C8B!83'C?#!R&38'%/!38@W*(!#c4#&&#84#!C8!
#@+43'C*8!*Z!8*8;2C%%*+(C!"3'C?#!N&38'![*4C#'E!,#,0#(%!*Z!'5#!
0#8#ZC'%!C8?*&?C8B!7k!(#%'*(C8B!*(!,383BC8B!3@?#(%#!83'+(3&!R&38'!
4*,,+8C'C#%!*(!-k!+%C8B!83'C?#!R&38'%!*Z!&*43&!#4*'ER#%!C8!&38@%43R#!
@#%CB8!38@!B3(@#8C8BD!
@/L)2.#)/2+V!"*,C83'C*8%!*Z!438@C@3'#%!Z*(!3!Y3$'5*(8!G$3(@!,+%'!
0#!,3@#!0E!3!,#,0#(!*Z!'5#!Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(!*Z!'5#!2C%%*+(C!"3'C?#!
N&38'![*4C#'E!*(!CZ!,3@#!0E!%*,#*8#!*+'%C@#!'5#!Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(/!'5#!
8*,C83'C*8!,+%'!0#!#8@*(%#@!C8!$(C'C8B!0E!3!Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(!
,#,0#(!$5*!53%!R#(%*83&&E!?#(CZC#@!'5#!03%C%!Z*(!'5#!8*,C83'C*8D!
I/4&#/&2/L)2.#%V!G!%5*('!R3(3B(3R5!j8*!,*(#!'538!53&Z!3!R3B#k!*Z!
8*,C83'C*8!#cR&3C8C8B!$5E!'5#!8*,C8##!%5*+&@!(#4#C?#!'5#!3$3(@!,+%'!
0#!%CB8#@!0E!'5#!*(CBC83&!8*,C83'*(!38@!?#(CZEC8B!,#,0#(/!,+%'!0#!
344*,R38C#@!0E!R5*'*B(3R5j%k!Z*(!@*4+,#8'3'C*8/!38@!,+%'!0#!
%+0,C''#@!'*!'5#!R(#%C@#8'!*Z!'5#!Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(D!
G:.H#%$&6%()+)/2&L.5)21&H$/(%++V!X5#!R(#%C@#8'!*Z!'5#!Y3$'5*(8!
Q53R'#(!$C&&!3RR*C8'!3!4*,,C''##!*Z!,#,0#(%!$5*!$C&&!#?3&+3'#!'5#!
8*,C83'C*8!38@!(#4*,,#8@!'*!'5#!Q53R'#(!$5#'5#(!*(!8*'!'*!,3I#!'5#!
3$3(@D!X5#!R(#%C@#8'!,3E!(#m+#%'!'53'!'5#!4*,,C''##!'*!34'!$C'5C8!3!
4#('3C8!'C,#Z(3,#!*(!'*!?C%C'!'5#!%C'#!*(!'*!4*8%+&'!#cR#('%!3%!3RR(*R(C3'#!
3%!R3('!*Z!C'%!@#&C0#(3'C*8%D!X5#!,#,0#(%5CR!%5*+&@!53?#!38!*RR*('+8C'E!
'*!@C%4+%%!'5#!(#4*,,#8@3'C*8!CZ!@#%C(#@!R(C*(!'*!?*'C8B!*8!'5#!
4*,,C''##!(#4*,,#8@3'C*8D!
@.#"$%&/0&.4.$6V!X5#!Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(!$C&&!5*8*(!'5#!3$3(@##!3'!3!
(#B+&3(!,##'C8B!38@!R(#%#8'!38!3$3(@!R&3m+#D!X5#!Q53R'#(!$C&&!3&%*!R+'!
3!8*'C4#!*Z!'5#!3$3(@!38@!R(#%#8'3'C*8!C8!'5#!&*43&!8#$%R3R#(j%k!j&*43&!
'*!'5#!3$3(@##k!38@!'(E!'*!%#4+(#!3!X)!*(!(3@C*!%R*'!*8!3!&*43&!%'3'C*8!
j#DBD/!N3+&!N#RR#(kD!
[+#!\3('#&#''#!*Z!Fb;"3'C?#!N&38'%!N(*B(3,!
'#345C8B!'5#!3('!*Z!4*(@3B#!@+(C8B!'5#!"3'+(#!38@!
GB(C4+&'+(#!C8!'5#!QC'E!ZC#&@!@3E!C8!l38%3%!QC'E!
!
eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee&
,$/H.1.#)/2&V/$5+:/H&`8!%RC'#!*Z!
8##@C8B!'*!R*%'R*8#!'5#!$*(I%5*R!3!$##I!@+#!'*!3!
B**@!%8*$/!8C8#!,#,0#(%!3''#8@#@!16!L38/!'*!&#3(8!
5*$!'*!4*3c!83'C?#!%##@!C8'*!B#(,C83'C8BD!`8!L+8#!
$#!$C&&!'(38%R&38'!'5#!%##@&C8B%D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\#4IE!5#&R#@!8#$!,#,0#(%!F#'53/!\*88C#/!38@!T*E!'*!
45**%#!%##@!Z*(!R(*R3B3'C*8D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)38#%%3!2;[!R5*'*!
!
,-%.+%&C#%H&!/$4.$6&!/$&C%$*)(%&
N&#3%#!4*8'34'!*8#!*Z!'5#!*ZZC4#(%!(#3@E!'*!?*&+8'##(!3!&C''&#!
'C,#!'*!3!?#(E!B**@!#8?C(*8,#8'3&!38@!#@+43'C*83&!
%#(?C4#D!H#!8##@!R#*R&#!'*!%#(?#!3%!*ZZC4#(%/!'*!B(*$!
R&38'%!Z*(!Z+8@(3C%C8B!38@!$#!8##@!R#*R&#!'*!,38!*+(!
C8Z*(,3'C*8!0**'5!3'!#?#8'%!%+45!3%!O3('5!P3E!38@!
Q5#%'8+'!J#%'C?3&D!`Z!E*+!B#'!'5C%!*8&E!0E!,3C&/!R&#3%#!
4*8%C@#(!(#m+#%'C8B!#,3C&!@#&C?#(E]!C'!%3?#%!+%!,*8#ED!
!
nnnT#B+&3(!!jq7.D66kr!
nnn['+@#8'!!jq77D66k!
nnnQ*8'(C0+'C8B!jq-.D66kr!@#%CB83'#!453R'#(!*(!%'3'#!
nnn['3'#!FCZ#'C,#!!jq-66k!
nnnQ53R'#(!FCZ#'C,#!!jq7-6!h!E*+!,+%'!3&%*!0#!3!,#,0#(!
*Z!'5#!%'3'#!*(B38Cf3'C*8!'*!+'C&Cf#!'5C%!*R'C*8k!!
!
nnnQ53R'#(!*8&E!!jq.D66!h!'5C%!C%!Z*(!,#,0#(%!$5*!
3&(#3@E!0#&*8B!'*!['3'#!38@!38*'5#(!453R'#(k!
!
r`84&+@#%!0*'5!Q53R'#(!jq.k!38@!['3'#!jq76k!@+#%D!!
23I#!45#4I!R3E30&#!'*V!9)++/"$)&@.#)*%&,-.2#&C/()%#3S&&
C%26&(:%(5&.26&#:)+&0/$L&#/;&N3+&3!N#'#(%Q&--7.!M(34#!
O&&#8!P(SQ&Q*&+,0C3/!2K!.9-6-!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Y3$'5*(8!Q53R'#(!2C%%*+(C!"3'C?#!N&38'![*4C#'E!
"#$%&#''#(!#@C'*(/!\#4IE!O(C4I%*8!
NK!\*c!=>.!
G%5&38@!2K!.9676;6=>.!!
!
!
!
!
9O9NO<CIX,&!Z<9&&9)++/"$)&
@.#)*%&,-.2#&C/()%#3f!"#$%&'()*%"+$,''
W"-3&7&#:$/"1:&W"2%&TBD!
!
!
"3,#!nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn!
!
G@@(#%%!nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn!
!
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn!
!
N5*8#V!O?#8C8B!nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn!
!
P3E!*(!Q#&&nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn!
!
O,3C&V!nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn!
!
2#'5*@!*Z!(#4#C?C8B!453R'#(!8#$%&#''#(V!!
j4C(4&#!R(#Z#(#84#k!!OL.)-&&&&&&&&&&&&&<%1"-.$&L.)-&&
&
OL.)-&6%-)*%$3&J$)21+&3/"&(/-/$&H:/#/+&.26&)#&+.*%+&@,C&
L/2%3S&V)#:&%L.)-&6%-)*%$3&3/"&.-+/&$%(%)*%&"H6.#%+&.26&
.22/"2(%L%2#+&J%#4%%2&2%4+-%##%$+S&<%1"-.$&9.)-&
)2(-"6%+&@Z&)2#%$)L&"H6.#%+&/$&$%L)26%$+&4)#:/"#&
$%d"%+#&0/$&H:/2%&(/2#.(#S!