1960's Decade of Turmoil Exam
Name: _______________________________________________
Date: __________
Select the letter of the term, name, or phrase that best matches each description. Note: Some letters may not be
used at all. Some may be used more than once. (2 pts. Each)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
hot line
Bay of Pigs
Berlin Wall
Fidel Castro
flexible response
John F. Kennedy
Richard M. Nixon
massive retaliation
Nikita Khrushchev
Cuban missile crisis
Limited Test Ban Treaty
____ 1. He accepted Soviet aid for Cuba.
____ 2. This involved an invasion of Cuba.
____ 3. He lost the 1960 presidential election.
____ 4. This separated East Germany from West Germany.
____ 5. He squared off against Kennedy during the Berlin crisis.
____ 6. This barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere.
____ 7. This military strategy was adopted during the Kennedy presidency.
____ 8. This was a direct communications link set up during Kennedy's presidency.
____ 9. His religious beliefs were an important issue of the 1960 presidential campaign.
____ 10. This strategy was intended to broaden America's range of options during international crises by
"strengthening and modernizing the military's ability to fight a nonnuclear war."
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
Baker v. Carr
The Warren Court
Civil Rights Act
reapportionment
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Medicare and Medicaid
Immigration Act of 1965
Economic Opportunity Act
Brown v. Board of Education
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Great Society
____ 11. This created the Job Corps, VISTA, and Project Head Start.
____ 12. This banned prayer in public schools and brought about change in federal and state reapportionment
and the criminal justice system.
____ 13. In this case, the Supreme Court established the principle of "one person, one vote."
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____ 14. In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that all suspects must be "read their rights" before questioning.
____ 15. These provided free or low-cost medical insurance to welfare recipients and most Americans age 65
and older.
____ 16. This provided federal aid to help public and parochial schools purchase textbooks and new library
materials.
____ 17. This term refers to the way in which states redraw election districts based on the changing number of
people in them.
____ 18. In this case, the Supreme Court required criminal courts to provide free legal counsel to those who
could not afford it.
____ 19. This replaced the national origins system with a new quota system that allowed more people from
outside of Europe to settle in the United States.
____ 20. This legislative program summed up President Johnson's vision for America.
Choose the letter of the best answer. (2 points each)
____ 21. After investigating the assassination of JFK, the Warren Commission concluded that
A. Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone.
B. Jack Ruby acted alone.
C. there was evidence of a conspiracy.
D. the CIA was involved.
Using the exhibit, choose the letter of the best answer. (2 points each)
____ 22. How many Soviet missiles sites are shown?
A. four
B. five
C. six
D. seven
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____ 23. How many U.S. air bases are shown?
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
____ 24. Which of the following locations in the United States is closest to Cuba?
A. Miami
B. Cape Canaveral
C. Swan Island
D. Key West
____ 25. Which statement about the U.S. blockade is true?
A. The air patrol covered a larger area than the naval blockade.
B. The naval blockade covered a larger area than the air patrol.
C. The air patrol and naval blockade covered the same area.
D. There was no naval blockade.
____ 26. Which U.S. air base is closest to the Soviet missiles?
A. Puerto Rico
B. Miami
C. Key West.
D. Guantanamo.
Choose the letter of the best answer. (2 points each)
____ 27. What was the main purpose of the flexible response military strategy?
A. to enable the United States to fight limited wars around the world
B. to decrease the number of nuclear weapons
C. to prepare for the Bay of Pigs invasion
D. to reduce defense spending
____ 28. Which of the following groups was intended to benefit the most from the Great Society programs?
A. minorities and the poor
B. white, middle-class families
C. farmers and laborers
D. businessmen
____ 29. What was the major factor in Johnson's landslide victory over Goldwater in 1964?
A. Johnson's domestic agenda
B. Goldwater's liberalism
C. Johnson's determination to fight communism in South Vietnam
D. Goldwater's call for the use of nuclear weapons against Cuba and Vietnam
____ 30. How did America react to news that the Soviet Union was the first to put a man in space?
A. indifference
B. pride in human achievement
C. determination not to lose the space race
D. threats of military action
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____ 31. Which doctrine relating to public education was overturned by the Supreme Court decision in Brown v.
Board of Education?
A. due process of law
B. "separate but equal"
C. "all deliberate speed"
D. equal protection of the law
____ 32. What was the main type of pressure exerted by the Montgomery Improvement Association in response to
segregation on buses?
A. social
B. economic
C. political
D. physical force
____ 33. In Brown v. Board of Education, the doctrine of ___ relating to public education was finally overturned.
A. due process of law
B. "separate but equal"
C. "all deliberate speed"
D. equal protection under the law
____ 34. Martin Luther King, Jr., was a founder and the first president of the ___.
A. Nation of Islam
B. Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
C. Southern Christian Leadership Conference
D. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
____ 35. One accomplishment of the ___ was bringing about a federal ban on segregation in all interstate travel
facilities.
A. Little Rock Nine
B. freedom riders
C. Black Panthers
D. Montgomery bus boycott
____ 36. In the summer of 1964, thousands of white college students took part in ___.
A. riots in Northern cities resulting from racial tensions
B. a demonstration in support of integrating Southern colleges
C. a funeral procession for Martin Luther King, Jr.
D. a campaign to register African American voters in Mississippi
____ 37. Appealing to many African Americans' anger and frustration over a lack of social and economic power,
___ preached a militant approach to civil rights.
A. Martin Luther King, Jr.
B. Malcolm X
C. Medgar Evars
D. Fannie Lou Hamer
____ 38. A major turning point in the civil rights movement was marked by ___.
A. the conversion of Malcolm X to orthodox Islam
B. the drifting apart of SNCC and SCLC
C. the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
D. the assassination of Robert Kennedy
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____ 39. One legacy of the civil rights movement that has been challenged in recent years is ___.
A. equal opportunity in housing
B. affirmative action programs
C. black participation in politics
D. separate but equal facilities
____ 40. ___ was the United States' main goal in Vietnam.
A. Reunifying Vietnam
B. Containing the spread of communism
C. Upholding the Geneva Accords
D. Negotiating a cease-fire agreement with North Vietnam
____ 41. In the early years of the war, a young man could automatically be deferred from the draft by ___.
A. getting married
B. enrolling in college
C. getting a job
D. becoming a conscientious objector
____ 42. ___ did not occur in 1968.
A. The Tet Offensive
B. The U.S. invasion of Cambodia
C. The assassination of Robert Kennedy
D. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
____ 43. ___ was/were most effective in convincing the American public that the war was not winnable.
A. Body counts
B. The Tet Offensive
C. The actions of Students for a Democratic Society
D. The invasion of Cambodia
____ 44. In the 1968 presidential campaign, which of the following candidates would a dove most likely have
favored?
A. George Wallace
B. Richard Nixon
C. Eugene McCarthy
D. Hubert Humphrey
____ 45. Which of the following did President Nixon say would bring about "peace with honor" in Vietnam?
A. the Vietnamization of the war
B. the Americanization of the war
C. the domino theory
D. the Geneva Accords
____ 46. Which president asked Congress for the Tonkin Gulf Resolution?
A. Richard Nixon
B. Lyndon Johnson
C. John Kennedy
D. Dwight Eisenhower
____ 47. Which of the following statements best defines the domino theory?
A. If one country falls to communism, others in the region will fall, too.
B. Communism will topple the global economy.
C. Communism will cause the fall of the United States.
D. Socialist governments are a threat to freedom.
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____ 48. Which statement best summarizes the opinion of Martin Luther King, Jr., about African-American troops
in the Vietnam War?
A. He was happy and proud that these men could serve their country.
B. He believed it was unfair that they were fighting for a country that treated them unfairly at home.
C. He believed that the number of African Americans fighting was proportionate to the population.
D. He believed that if African Americans displayed courage on the battlefield, they would earn civil
rights at home.
____ 49. The Peace Corps, a program of volunteer assistance to developing nations, was
A. proposed by Kennedy and failed.
B. proposed by Johnson and failed.
C. proposed by Kennedy and succeeded.
D. proposed by Johnson and succeeded.
____ 50. Medicare, a federal program established for Americans age 65 and over, was intended to provide
A. housing.
B. transportation.
C. education.
D. health insurance.
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Answer Sheet
1.
D. Fidel Castro
2.
B. Bay of Pigs
3.
G. Richard M. Nixon
4.
C. Berlin Wall
5.
I. Nikita Khrushchev
6.
K. Limited Test Ban Treaty
7.
E. flexible response
8.
A. hot line
9.
F . John F. Kennedy
10. E. flexible response
11. H. Immigration Act of 1965
12. B. The Warren Court
13. A. Baker v. Carr
14. E. Miranda v. Arizona
15. G. Medicare and Medicaid
16. K. Elementary and Secondary Education Act
17. D. reapportionment
18. F . Gideon v. Wainwright
19. I. Economic Opportunity Act
20. L. Great Society
21. A. Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone.
22. B. five
23. C. four
24. D. Key West
25. A. The air patrol covered a larger area than the naval blockade.
26. C. Key West.
27. A. to enable the United States to fight limited wars around the world
28. A. minorities and the poor
29. D. Goldwater's call for the use of nuclear weapons against Cuba and Vietnam
30. C. determination not to lose the space race
31. B. "separate but equal"
32. B. economic
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33. B. "separate but equal"
34. C. Southern Christian Leadership Conference
35. B. freedom riders
36. D. a campaign to register African American voters in Mississippi
37. B. Malcolm X
38. C. the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
39. B. affirmative action programs
40. B. Containing the spread of communism
41. B. enrolling in college
42. B. The U.S. invasion of Cambodia
43. B. The Tet Offensive
44. C. Eugene McCarthy
45. A. the Vietnamization of the war
46. B. Lyndon Johnson
47. A. If one country falls to communism, others in the region will fall, too.
48. B. He believed it was unfair that they were fighting for a country that treated them unfairly at home.
49. C. proposed by Kennedy and succeeded.
50. D. health insurance.
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Standards Summary: All Standards In Test
NCSS II
Time, Continuity, and Change. Human beings seek to understand their historic roots and to
locate themselves in time. Such understanding involves knowing what things were like in
the past and how things change and develop-allowing us to develop historic perspective
and answer important questions about our current condition.
NCSS IIIb
create, interpret, use, and synthesize information from various representations of the earth,
such as maps, globes, and photographs;
NCSS IVe
examine the interactions of ethnic, national, or cultural influences in specific situations or
events;
NCSS IX
Global Connections. The realities of global interdependence require understanding of the
increasingly important and diverse global connections among world societies before
there can be analysis leading to the development of possible solutions to persisting and
emerging global issues.
NCSS IXb
explain conditions and motivations that contribute to conflict, cooperation, and
interdependence among groups, societies, and nations;
NCSS IXd
analyze the relationships and tensions between national sovereignty and global interests,
in such matters as territory, economic development, nuclear and other weapons, use of
natural resources, and human rights concerns;
NCSS IXf
describe and evaluate the role of international and multinational organizations in the
global arena;
NCSS VI
Power, Authority, and Governance. Understanding of the historic development of
structures of power, authority, and governance and their evolving functions in
contemporary society is essential for the emergence of civic competence.
NCSS VIa
examine persistent issues involving the rights, roles, and status of the individual in relation
to the general welfare;
NCSS VIb
explain the purpose of government and analyze how its powers are acquired, used, and
justified;
NCSS VIc
analyze and explain ideas and mechanisms to meet needs and wants of citizens, regulate
territory, manage conflict, establish order and security, and balance competing
conceptions of a just society;
NCSS VId
compare and analyze the ways nations and organizations respond to conflicts between
forces of unity and forces of diversity;
NCSS Va
apply concepts such as role, status, and social class in describing the connections and
interactions of individuals, groups, and institutions in society;
NCSS X
Civic Ideals and Practice. All people have a stake in examining civic ideals and practices
across time, in diverse societies, as well as in determining how to close the gap between
present practices and the ideals upon which our democratic republic is based. An
understanding of civic ideals and practices of citizenship is critical to full participation in
society.
WA 2.1.3
Compare and analyze major ideas in different places, times, and cultures, and how those
ideas have brought about continuity, change, or conflict.
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WA US1.2.3c
Identify and analyze major concepts, people, and events in the 20th century U.S. History
including: WW II, the Cold War, and International Relations (1939-Present)
WA US1.2.3d
Identify and analyze major concepts, people, and events in the 20th century U.S. History
including: Post-World War II domestic, political, social, and economic issues
(1945-present).
WA WH1.2.3d
Identify and analyze major concepts, people, and events in world history from 1600 to the
present including: Emergence and development of new nations (1945-present).
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