Chang Track
Winter 2015
MMW 122 Midterm Exam Review Guide
(This is meant to be a review guide, not the exam itself. Ultimately, you are accountable for all the
key materials in the readings and lectures.)
REVIEW SESSION: Sunday, Feb. 8 from 8:30 to 9:30 pm in Solis 107
Exam will be designed for 1 hr 20 mins (PLEASE BRING ONE UNMARKED BLUEBOOK. DO
NOT ARRIVE LATE TO THE EXAM AS IT WOULD DISQUALIFY YOU FROM TAKING IT)
Part I. Objective Part
You need to be familiar with the historical context and significance of the following names and terms from
your readings and lectures. Be sure you are able to address the appropriate “who?” “what?” “where?” and
“when?’, and most importantly, “why?” questions associated with each one. Multiple Choice and
Matching Terms questions will be drawn from this guide. BUT, this is also very useful for the passage
identifications.
Examples of Matching Terms format:
Please match the terms or names from each column that are most closely related in significance and
historical context. Write a 3-4 sentence explanation of their relationship (BE CONCISE AND PRECISE)
J. Alfred Prufrock
Ahimsa
Gandhi
Divided Self
Key Terms and Names
Introduction
What liberalism stands for
Politically
Economically
Socially
Louis XIV and Absolutism
Glorious Revolution 1689
The English Bill of Rights
Newton’s impact on the Enlightenment
Social Contract Theory
Thomas Hobbes
Leviathan 1651
State of nature
Role of self-interest
Sovereignty in “common power to fear”
John Locke
State of nature
Inconvenient presence of self-interest
Sovereignty in common-wealth
Interests of the propertied class
View on slavery
Parliamentary government
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
State of nature
Critique of absolutist monarchy
On Social contract
Sovereignty of the General Will
View on private property
View on slavery
The Liberal Ideal of Self-Determination
Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” and “Four Points”
U.S. reasons for entering war
Readjustment of colonial claims
Challenges of self-determination
Balkan nationalism
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Hypocrisy of the League of Nations
“Mandate system”
Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia
Russian Pogroms of 1880s
Theodor Herzl
The Dreyfus Case
Der Judenstaat
World Zionist Congress 1897
First Aliya 1881-1884
Ottoman immigration policies
Jewish land purchases
Second Aliya 1904-1914
Labor Zionism
Grand Mufti Al-Husayni of Jerusalem
Balfour Declaration 1917
Husayn-McMahon Correspondence
Sykes-Picot Agreement 1916
The Revolt of the Avant-garde
Sigmund Freud
Eros and Death instincts
Compass of Motives
Friedrich Nietzsche
“Great libel on life”
“Apollonian” vs. “Dionysian” impulse
Cubism
Multiple perspectives
Relativity of time
Picasso “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon” 1907
Duchamp “Nude Descending a Staircase” 1912
Futurism
Filippo Marinetti
Balla “Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash” 1912
Boccioni “The Anatomy of a Footballer” 1912
War as “Hygiene of civilization”
Socio-political agenda of Futurism
Dadaism
Tristan Tzara
Iconoclastic irreverence
Readymades
Duchamp “L.H.O.O.Q.” 1919
Duchamp “The Fountain” 1917
The Challenge of Fundamentalisms
Huntington’s thesis on cultural conflict
Kin-country syndrome
Balkan ethnic conflicts
Paradox of globalization
“Civilization consciousness”
Unsecularization of geopolitics
Confucian-Islamic connection
Edward Said’s rebuttal
The danger of self-fulfilling fantasies
Ayatollah Khomeini
Martyrs at Khurdad
Attack on western-educated “xenomaniacs”
Osama bin Laden
Meaning of “Al Qaeda”
U.S. presence in Saudi Arabia
Exploitation of Palestinian plight
Paeans to Industrial Capitalism
Traditional markets vs. market system
Land, labor, capital
Profit-motive as new norm
Adam Smith
Wealth of Nations 1776
Social conditions in Smith’s time
“Invisible Hand” of the self-regulating market
Positive role of self-interest
Law of Competition
Law of Natural Pricing
Law of Accumulation
Law of Population
Universal opulence of a nation
The woolen coat
Impediments to free competition
Cartels and monopolies
“Secrets in trade”
Division of labor
Making pins
Benefits to industry
Potential hazards
Smith’s views on taxation
Andrew Ure
Obsolescence of skilled labor
Machine as “benign despot”
Marxist Critique of Capitalism
Social uprisings of 1848
Hegelian historical dialectic
Dialectic materialism
Modes of production and exchange
Base and superstructure
Das Kapital
Dismantling the sanctity of “private property”
“Revolving door” of labor wages
Proletariat vs. bourgeoisie
“Ruling ideas of the ruling class”
True value vs. surplus value of labor
Labor-saving machinery
The “business cycle” of crisis and renewal
“To accumulate or be accumulated”
Gradual demise of capitalism
Capitalism’s Adaptations
Malthusian peril
Unemployment crisis of 1816-1820
Robert Owen
“Man is the creature of circumstance”
New Lanark
Villages of Cooperation
John Stuart Mill
“High stationary plateau”
Equitable distribution of wealth
The communist alternative in 1848
The Great Depression
Keynesian economics
Era of abundance vs. stabilization
Obsolescence of laissez-faire
Correctives to Adam Smith
Need for more state intervention
Eleanor Roosevelt’s defense of welfare state
Social security
Unemployment benefits
Pragmatic altruism
Milton Friedman’s neo-liberalism
Trickle-down economics
Return to laissez-faire
Decentralization of wealth
Inequality needed for growth
The Cold War
“Percentage Agreement”
Potsdam Conference 1945
Four-power control of Berlin
Berlin Airlift 1948-49
Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech 1946
Truman Doctrine 1947
Marshall Plan 1948
Luce’s “American Internationalism”
World’s “Good Samaritan”
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact
Berlin Wall 1961
NSC-68 (April 1950)
Policy of Containment
Outbreak of Korean War
Sino-Soviet Pact 1950
Domino Theory
Stalin’s rationale for détente
The Arms Race
Vulnerabilities of a democracy
Justifications for arms buildup
Military-industrial complex
CIA and National Security Council
Eisenhower’s warnings
Intellectual independence
Manhattan Project
Los Alamos
UC President Robert Sproul
Ernest Lawrence
Radiation Lab at Berkeley
Teller at Livermore
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1958
Herbert Marcuse
Campus activism
Chancellor McGill
Part II: Passage Identifications
Four passages from the following selection will be included on the midterm. You will choose three to
write on. In your response, you must identify the historical context, in which each passage occurs (e.g.
speaker, subject, occasion, purpose, general time period). Whenever possible, you need to explain HOW it
connects one of the ideologies we have covered in our course so far (Social contract theory, Liberalism,
Futurism, Dadaism, Fundamentalism, Capitalism, Marxism, Socialist Utopianism, Keynesian economics,
Neo-liberalism, Cold War containment, Military-industrial complex, etc.). Each response should be one
paragraph long (roughly half a page in length). Be specific and succinct!
Text References in brackets will NOT be provided on the actual exam
1) “The conditions of bourgeois society are too narrow to compromise the wealth created by them.
And how does the bourgeoisie get over these crises? On the one hand, by enforced destruction of
a mass productive forces; on the other, by the conquests of new market, and by the more thorough
exploitation of the old ones. That is to say, by paving the way for more extensive and more
destructive crises, and by diminishing the means whereby crisis are prevented.” (Marx and Engels
Communist Manifesto)
2) “Furthermore, since the alienation is made without reservation, the union is as perfect as it can be,
and no associate has anything more to claim. For, if some rights were left to private individuals,
and there were no common superior who could decide between them and the public, each person,
being in some respects his own judge, would soon claim to be so in every instance; the state of
nature would subsist and the association would necessarily become tyrannical or ineffectual.”
(Rousseau On Social Contract)
3) “Practical and ideological considerations therefore both impel us to the conclusion that we have no
choice but to demonstrate the superiority of the idea of freedom by its constructive application,
and to attempt to change the world situation by means short of war in such a way as to frustrate
the Kremlin design and hasten the decay of the Soviet system.” (“NSC-68”)
4) “And yet it may be true, perhaps, that the accommodation of an European prince does not always
so much exceed that of an industrious and frugal peasant, as the accommodation of the latter
exceeds that of many an African king, the absolute master of the lives and liberties of ten thousand
naked savages.” (Adam Smith The Wealth of Nations)
5) “The settlement of every question, whether of territory, of sovereignty, of economic arrangement,
or of political relationship upon the basis of the free acceptance of that settlement by the people
immediately concerned, and not upon the basis of the material interest or advantage of any other
nation or people which may desire a different settlement for the sake of its own exterior influence
or mastery.” (Woodrow Wilson “Fourteen Points” and “Four Points”)
6) “We have had enough of the intelligent movements that have stretched beyond measure our
credulity of the benefits of science. What we want now is spontaneity. Not because it is better or
more beautiful than anything else. But because everything that issues freely from ourselves,
without the intervention of speculative ideas, represents us. We must intensify this quality of life
that readily spends itself in every quarter. Art is not the most precious manifestation of life. Art
has not the celestial and universal value that people like to attribute it. Life is more interesting.”
(Tristan Tsara “Dadaism”)
7) “Thus, for instance, the instinct of self-preservation is certainly of an erotic kind, but it must
nevertheless have aggressiveness at its disposal if it is to fulfill its purpose. So, too, the instinct of
love, when it is directed towards an object, stands in need of some contribution from the instinct of
mastery if it is in any way to possess that object. The difficulty of isolating the two classes of
instinct in their actual manifestation is indeed what has so long prevented us from recognizing
them.” (Sigmund Freud “Why War?”)
8) “The solitary inventor, tinkering in his shop, has been overshadowed by task forces of scientists in
laboratories and testing fields. In the same fashion, the free university, historically the
fountainhead of free ideas and scientific discovery, has experienced a revolution in the conduct of
research. Partly because of the huge costs involved, a government contract becomes virtually a
substitute for intellectual curiosity. For every old blackboard there are now hundreds of new
electronic computers.” (Eisenhower “Farewell Address”)
Please bring an unmarked bluebook to the exam