Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
Bachelorseminar im Sommersemester 2017
Allgemeine Informationen:
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Arbeit mit dem Textsatzsystem LATEX.
Dazu erhalten Sie vom Lehrstuhl:
ˆ Richtlinie zum wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten
ˆ LATEX-Vorlage Seminararbeit
ˆ LATEX-Vorlage Präsentation
Die Vorlagen werden zeitnah über STiNE bereitgestellt. Sie können eigene Themenvorschläge machen.
Themen
Modellierung
1. Gruppen–Fallstudie: Internationale Hilfslieferungen (Ralf Krohn)
Bearbeiten Sie als Gruppe von 2–3 Studenten eine Fallstudie zum Thema Netzwerkoptimierung in einem Szenario internationaler Hilfslieferungen. Dazu werden regelmäßig Gruppentreffen stattfinden. In diesen erhalten Sie während der Bearbeitungszeit sukzessive auch
Lageänderungen, auf die Sie modellorientiert zu reagieren haben. Alle Modellerweiterungen
sind zu lösen und aufzubereiten.
Literatur : Hillier and Lieberman (2001)
2. Fallstudie: Automobilfertigung (Justus Bonz / Ralf Krohn)
Bearbeiten Sie eine Fallstudie zum Thema Automobilfertigung in einer Fabrik. Dazu erhalten Sie während der Bearbeitungszeit sukzessive auch Lageänderungen, auf die Sie modellorientiert zu reagieren haben. Alle Modellerweiterungen sind zu lösen und aufzubereiten.
Siehe Anhang A auf Seite 4.
Literatur : Hillier and Lieberman (2001)
3. Fallstudie: Personalstärke in einem Call–Center (Justus Bonz / Ralf Krohn)
Bearbeiten Sie eine Fallstudie zum Thema Personaleinsatzplanung in einem Call-Center.
Dazu erhalten Sie während der Bearbeitungszeit sukzessive auch Lageänderungen, auf die
Sie modellorientiert zu reagieren haben. Alle Modellerweiterungen sind zu lösen und aufzubereiten. Siehe Anhang B auf Seite 4.
Literatur : Hillier and Lieberman (2001)
4. Fallstudie: Pharmaindustrie (Justus Bonz / Ralf Krohn)
Bearbeiten Sie eine Fallstudie zum Thema Projektauswahl in einem Pharmaunternehmen.
Dazu erhalten Sie während der Bearbeitungszeit sukzessive auch Lageänderungen, auf die
Sie modellorientiert zu reagieren haben. Alle Modellerweiterungen sind zu lösen und aufzubereiten. Siehe Anhang C auf Seite 5.
Literatur : Hillier and Lieberman (2001)
21. Dezember 2016
1
Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
5. Fallstudie: Anschaffung von Servern (Justus Bonz / Ralf Krohn)
Bearbeiten Sie eine Fallstudie zum Thema Bestellung von Servern in einem Unternehmen.
Dazu erhalten Sie während der Bearbeitungszeit sukzessive auch Lageänderungen, auf die
Sie modellorientiert zu reagieren haben. Alle Modellerweiterungen sind zu lösen und aufzubereiten. Siehe Anhang D auf Seite 6.
Literatur : Hillier and Lieberman (2001)
6. Nurse Rostering Problem (Ralf Krohn)
Erweitern Sie ein gegebenes mathematisches Modell zur Dienstreihenfolgeplanung von
Krankenschwestern um zusätzliche Fähigkeiten und implementieren Sie es in GAMS.
Literatur : Cheang et al. (2003)
7. Vehicle Routing with Time Windows (Justus Bonz)
Erweitern Sie das Tourenplanungsproblem mit Zeitfenstern und implementieren Sie es in
GAMS.
Literatur : Baldacci et al. (2012)
Praxisanwendungen
8. Standortplanung für ein Fachgeschäft für Reitsportzubehör (Ralf Krohn)
Ein Händler plant die Errichtung einer neuen Filiale zum Verkauf von Westernreitsportzubehör. Erarbeiten Sie eine quantitative Analyse von Standortoptionen. Bedienen Sie
sich hierfür des geografischen Informationssystems QGIS (bei Bedarf bekommen Sie eine
Einführung in die Software). Führen Sie außerdem ein Experteninterview mit dem Praxispartner.
Literatur : http://qgis.org/de/site/
9. Bereitstellung einer E–Learning–Plattform (Ralf Krohn)
Strukturieren und digitalisieren Sie Schulungsunterlagen einer Hamburger Akademie, die
im Bereich Eisenbahnverkehr ausbildet, für eine webbasierte Lerneinheit. Dazu sind Experteninterviews durchzuführen. Das Tool soll von Lehrgangsteilnehmern zum Lernen sowie
u. U. von Lehrgangsleitern zur Durchführung von Prüfungen eingesetzt werden. Optional:
Aufgaben selbst programmieren (die Plattform an sich existiert bereits) und / oder ggf.
auch technische Zeichnungen bzw. Animationen entwerfen.
Literatur : –
10. Dokumentation von Zugausfällen (Ralf Krohn)
Untersuchen Sie, in Zusammenarbeit mit einem Hamburger Eisenbahnverkehrsunternehmen, was Störgründe für den Einsatz eigener Loks sind und wie diese dokumentiert werden.
Bereiten Sie Ihre Ergebnisse auf und überlegen Sie sich Möglichkeiten zur automatisierten Dokumentation von Verzögerungsgründen. Prüfen Sie, inwieweit derartige Ereignisse
vorhersagbar sind und in Planungen vorab Berücksichtigung finden können. Grundsätzlich
kann dieses Thema im Anschluss auch im Rahmen eines vergüteten Anstellungsverhältnisses als Bachelorarbeit bearbeitet werden. Ggf. kann dieses Seminarthema auch zu zweit
behandelt werden.
Literatur : –
21. Dezember 2016
2
Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
11. Dienstreihenfolgeplanung von Lokführern (Ralf Krohn)
Bearbeiten Sie die Zuteilung von Lokführern zu Aufträgen bei einem Hamburger Eisenbahnverkehrsunternehmen mit Methoden des Operations Research.
Literatur : –
12. Erstellen von Aufgaben für einen webbasierten Klausurtrainer (Justus Bonz)
Planen und erstellen Sie Aufgaben im Rahmen der Veranstaltung Verkehr und Logistik.
Die Aufgaben sollen in einem Online–Tool eingesetzt werden.
Literatur : –
Theorie
13. Literaturüberblick: Discrete Choice + Facility Location (Ralf Krohn)
Recherchieren Sie Literatur, in welcher Discrete Choice–Theorie mit Standortplanung (Facility Location) oder anderen mathematischen Optimierungsmodellen kombiniert wird.
Literatur : Haase and Müller (2015)
14. Literaturüberblick: Revenue Management (Ralf Krohn)
Recherchieren Sie Literatur zum Thema Revenue Management.
Literatur : Shen and Su (2007)
15. Literaturüberblick: Assortment Optimization (Ralf Krohn)
Recherchieren Sie Literatur zum Thema Assortment Optimization.
Literatur : Kök et al. (2009), Rusmevichientong et al. (2014)
16. Literaturüberblick: Column Generation–Ansätze für Vehicle Routing Probleme (Justus Bonz)
Recherchieren Sie, wo und wie Spaltengenerierung zum Lösen von Tourenplanungsproblemen eingesetzt wird.
Literatur : Laporte (1992), Chabrier (2006)
17. Predictive policing: The role of crime forecasting in law enforcement operations
(Ralf Krohn)
Es existieren Computerprogramme, die verschiedene Delikte voraussagen sollen. Diese sind
tatsächlich, auch in Deutschland, im Einsatz. Aber sie sind umstritten. Die auf dem Markt
vorhandenen Lösungen bedienen sich des Data Mining. Es soll ermittelt werden, welche
Produkte derzeit benutzt werden, auf welchen Methoden sie aufbauen und wie ihre Leistung
wissenschaftlich zu bewerten ist.
Literatur : Perry (2013)
21. Dezember 2016
3
Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
Anhang
A
Fallstudie Automobilfertigung
Automobile Alliance, a large automobile manufacturing company, organizes the vehicles it manufactures into three families: a family of trucks, a family of small cars, and a family of midsized and
luxury cars. One plant outside Detroit, MI, assembles two models from the family of midsized and
luxury cars. The first model, the Family Thrillseeker, is a four-door sedan with vinyl seats, plastic
interior, standard features, and excellent gas mileage. It is marketed as a smart buy for middle-class
families with tight budgets, and each Family Thrillseeker sold generates a modest profit of $3,600
for the company. The second model, the Classy Cruiser, is a two-door luxury sedan with leather
seats, wooden interior, custom features, and navigational capabilities. It is marketed as a privilege
of affluence for upper-middle-class families, and each Classy Cruiser sold generates a healthy profit
of $5,400 for the company. Rachel Rosencrantz, the manager of the assembly plant, is currently deciding the production schedule for the next month. Specifically, she must decide how many Family
Thrillseekers and how many Classy Cruisers to assemble in the plant to maximize profit for the
company. She knows that the plant possesses a capacity of 48,000 laborhours during the month. She
also knows that it takes 6 labor-hours to assemble one Family Thrillseeker and 10.5 labor-hours to
assemble one Classy Cruiser. Because the plant is simply an assembly plant, the parts required to
assemble the two models are not produced at the plant. They are instead shipped from other plants
around the Michigan area to the assembly plant. For example, tires, steering wheels, windows, seats,
and doors all arrive from various supplier plants. For the next month, Rachel knows that she will
be able to obtain only 20,000 doors (10,000 left-hand doors and 10,000 right-hand doors) from the
door supplier. A recent labor strike forced the shutdown of that particular supplier plant for several
days, and that plant will not be able to meet its production schedule for the next month. Both the
Family Thrillseeker and the Classy Cruiser use the same door part. In addition, a recent company
forecast of the monthly demands for different automobile models suggests that the demand for the
Classy Cruiser is limited to 3,500 cars. There is no limit on the demand for the Family Thrillseeker
within the capacity limits of the assembly plant.
(a) Formulate and solve a linear programming problem to determine the number of Family Thrillseekers and the number of Classy Cruisers that should be assembled.
B
Fallstudie Call–Center
California Children’s Hospital has been receiving numerous customer complaints because of its confusing, decentralized appointment and registration process. When customers want to make appointments or register child patients, they must contact the clinic or department they plan to visit. Several
problems exist with this current strategy. Parents do not always know the most appropriate clinic or
department they must visit to address their children’s ailments. They therefore spend a significant
amount of time on the phone being transferred from clinic to clinic until they reach the most appropriate clinic for their needs. The hospital also does not publish the phone numbers of all clinic and
departments, and parents must therefore invest a large amount of time in detective work to track
down the correct phone number. Finally, the various clinics and departments do not communicate
with each other. For example, when a doctor schedules a referral with a colleague located in another
department or clinic, that department or clinic almost never receives word of the referral. The parent
must contact the correct department or clinic and provide the needed referral information.
In efforts to reengineer and improve its appointment and registration process, the children’s
hospital has decided to centralize the process by establishing one call center devoted exclusively to
appointments and registration. The hospital is currently in the middle of the planning stages for the
21. Dezember 2016
4
Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
call center. Lenny Davis, the hospital manager, plans to operate the call center from 7 A.M. to 9
P.M. during the weekdays.
Several months ago, the hospital hired an ambitious management consulting firm, Creative Chaos
Consultants, to forecast the number of calls the call center would receive each hour of the day. Since
all appointment and registration-related calls would be received by the call center, the consultants
decided that they could forecast the calls at the call center by totaling the number of appointment
and registration-related calls received by all clinics and departments. The team members visited
all the clinics and departments, where they diligently recorded every call relating to appointments
and registration. They then totaled these calls and altered the totals to account for calls missed
during data collection. They also altered totals to account for repeat calls that occurred when the
same parent called the hospital many times because of the confusion surrounding the decentralized
process. Creative Chaos Consultants determined the average number of calls the call center should
expect during each hour of a weekday.
After the consultants submitted these forecasts, Lenny became interested in the percentage of
calls from Spanish speakers since the hospital services many Spanish patients. Lenny knows that
he has to hire some operators who speak Spanish to handle these calls. The consultants performed
further data collection and determined that on average, 20 percent of the calls were from Spanish
speakers.
Given these call forecasts, Lenny must now decide how to staff the call center during each 2 hour
shift of a weekday. During the forecasting project, Creative Chaos Consultants closely observed the
operators working at the individual clinics and departments and determined the number of calls
operators process per hour. The consultants informed Lenny that an operator is able to process
an average of six calls per hour. Lenny also knows that he has both full-time and part-time workers
available to staff the call center. A full-time employee works 8 hours per day, but because of paperwork
that must also be completed, the employee spends only 4 hours per day on the phone. To balance
the schedule, the employee alternates the 2-hour shifts between answering phones and completing
paperwork. Full-time employees can start their day either by answering phones or by completing
paperwork on the first shift. The full-time employees speak either Spanish or English, but none of
them are bilingual. Both Spanish- speaking and English-speaking employees are paid $10 per hour
for work before 5 P.M. and $12 per hour for work after 5 P.M. The full-time employees can begin
work at the beginning of the 7 A.M. to 9 A.M. shift, 9 A.M. to 11 A.M. shift, 11 A.M. to 1 P.M.
shift, or 1 P.M. to 3 P.M. shift. The part-time employees work for 4 hours, only answer calls, and
only speak English. They can start work at the beginning of the 3 P.M. to 5 P.M. shift or the 5 P.M.
to 7 P.M. shift, and like the full-time employees, they are paid $10 per hour for work before 5 P.M.
and $12 per hour for work after 5 P.M.
(b) Lenny needs to determine how many full-time employees who speak Spanish, full-time employees who speak English, and part-time employees he should hire to begin on each shift. Creative
Chaos Consultants advise him that linear programming can be used to do this in such a way as to
minimize operating costs while answering all calls. Formulate a linear programming model of this
problem.
(c) Obtain an optimal solution for the linear programming model formulated in part (b) to guide
Lenny’s decision.
C
Fallstudie Pharma
Tazer, a pharmaceutical manufacturing company, entered the pharmaceutical market 12 years ago
with the introduction of six new drugs. Five of the six drugs were simply permutations of existing
drugs and therefore did not sell very heavily. The sixth drug, however, addressed hypertension and
was a huge success. Since Tazer had a patent on the hypertension drug, it experienced no competition,
21. Dezember 2016
5
Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
and profits from the hypertension drug alone kept Tazer in business.
During the past 12 years, Tazer continued a moderate amount of research and development, but it
never stumbled upon a drug as successful as the hypertension drug. One reason is that the company
never had the motivation to invest heavily in innovative research and development. The company
was riding the profit wave generated by its hypertension drug and did not feel the need to commit
significant resources to finding new drug breakthroughs.
Now Tazer is beginning to fear the pressure of competition. The patent for the hypertension drug
expires in 5 years,1 and Tazer knows that once the patent expires, generic drug manufacturing companies will swarm into the market like vultures. Historical trends show that generic drugs decreased
sales of branded drugs by 75 percent.
Tazer is therefore looking to invest significant amounts of money in research and development
this year to begin the search for a new breakthrough drug that will offer the company the same
success as the hypertension drug. Tazer believes that if the company begins extensive research and
development now, the probability of finding a successful drug shortly after the expiration of the
hypertension patent will be high.
As head of research and development at Tazer, you are responsible for choosing potential projects
and assigning project directors to lead each of the projects. After researching the needs of the market,
analyzing the shortcomings of current drugs, and interviewing numerous scientists concerning the
promising areas of medical research, you have decided that your department will pursue five separate
projects.
For each of the five projects, you are only able to specify the medical ailment the research should
address, since you do not know what compounds will exist and be effective without research.
You also have five senior scientists to lead the five projects. You know that scientists are very
temperamental people and will work well only if they are challenged and motivated by the project. To
ensure that the senior scientists are assigned to projects they find motivating, you have established
a bidding system for the projects. You have given each of the five scientists 1000 bid points. They
assign bids to each project, giving a higher number of bid points to projects they most prefer to lead.
(a) Given the bids, you need to assign one senior scientist to each of the five projects to maximize
the preferences of the scientists. What are the assignments?
D
Fallstudie Server
Mr. Hamilton turns to Emily Jones, the head of Corporate Information Management. “I need your
help in planning for the installation of the intranet. Specifically, the company needs to purchase servers for the internal network. Employees will connect to company servers and download information
to their own desktop computers.” Mr. Hamilton passes Emily a chart detailing the types of servers
available, the number of employees each server supports, and the cost of each server.
“Emily, I need you to decide what servers to purchase and when to purchase them to minimize
cost and to ensure that the company possesses enough server capacity to follow the intranet implementation timeline,” Mr. Hamilton says. “For example, you may decide to buy one large server
during the first month to support all employees, or buy several small servers during the first month to
support all employees, or buy one small server each month to support each new group of employees
gaining access to the intranet.”
“There are several factors that complicate your decision,MMr. Hamilton continues. “Two server
manufacturers are willing to offer discounts to CommuniCorp. SGI is willing to give you a discount
of 10 percent off each server purchased, but only if you purchase servers in the first or second month.
Sun is willing to give you a 25 percent discount off all servers purchased in the first two months. You
are also limited in the amount of money you can spend during the first month. CommuniCorp has
already allocated much of the budget for the next two months, so you only have a total of $9,500
21. Dezember 2016
6
Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
available to purchase servers in months 1 and 2. Finally, the Manufacturing Department requires at
least one of the three more powerful servers. Have your decision on my desk at the end of the week.”
(a) Emily first decides to evaluate the number and type of servers to purchase on a month-tomonth
basis. For each month, formulate an IP model to determine which servers Emily should purchase in
that month to minimize costs in that month and support the new users. How many and which types
of servers should she purchase in each month? How much is the total cost of the plan?
(b) Emily realizes that she could perhaps achieve savings if she bought a larger server in the
initial months to support users in the final months. She therefore decides to evaluate the number
and type of servers to purchase over the entire planning period. Formulate an IP model to determine
which servers Emily should purchase in which months to minimize total cost and support all new
users. How many and which types of servers should she purchase in each month? How much is the
total cost of the plan?
21. Dezember 2016
7
Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft
Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insb. Verkehr
Seminar Verkehr und Logistik (SoSe 2017)
Schwerpunkt: Operations & Supply Chain Management
Literatur
Baldacci, R., Mingozzi, A., Roberti, R., 2012. Recent exact algorithms for solving the vehicle routing
problem under capacity and time window constraints. European Journal of Operational Research
218 (1), 1–6.
URL http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221711006692
Chabrier, A., 2006. Vehicle routing problem with elementary shortest path based column generation.
Computers & Operations Research 33 (10), 2972–2990, part Special Issue: Constraint Programming.
URL http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305054805000857
Cheang, B., Li, H., Lim, A., Rodrigues, B., 2003. Nurse rostering problems — a bibliographic survey.
European Journal of Operational Research 151 (3), 447–460.
Haase, K., Müller, S., 2015. Insights into clients’ choice in preventive health care facility location
planning. OR Spectrum 37 (1), 273–291.
URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00291-014-0367-6
Hillier, F. S., Lieberman, G. J., 2001. Introduction to operations research, 7th Edition. McGraw-Hill,
New York.
Kök, A. G., Fisher, M. L., Vaidyanathan, R., 2009. Assortment Planning: Review of Literature and
Industry Practice. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 99–153.
URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78902-6_6
Laporte, G., 1992. The vehicle routing problem: An overview of exact and approximate algorithms.
European Journal of Operational Research 59 (3), 345–358.
URL http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037722179290192C
Perry, W. L., 2013. Predictive policing: The role of crime forecasting in law enforcement operations.
Rand Corporation.
Rusmevichientong, P., Shmoys, D., Tong, C., Topaloglu, H., 2014. Assortment optimization under the
multinomial logit model with random choice parameters. Production and Operations Management
23 (11), 2023–2039.
URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/poms.12191
Shen, Z.-J. M., Su, X., 2007. Customer behavior modeling in revenue management and auctions: A
review and new research opportunities. Production and Operations Management 16 (6), 713–728.
URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1937-5956.2007.tb00291.x
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