Organic Chemistry Unit 2: Lecture 2 Honors and General Biology England FHS Lecture 2 Objec5ves At the completion of this lecture,
student will know (will be able
these in mind as
to): weKeep
go through the notes
1)  Describe Carbohydrates.
2)  Define Monosaccharide,
Disaccharide and
polysaccharide.
3)  Give Functions and Examples
of above.
Carbohydrates - “Carbo-” = Carbon
- “-Hydrate” = Water or
H2O.
-  Contain Carbon, Hydrogen
and Oxygen in a 1-2-1 ratio
or (CH2O)n.
-  Include sugars and
starches.
- Sugars, grains, fiber,
pasta, etc, etc, etc….
Suffix “-ose” refers to sugar.
Simple Sugars Monosaccharide –
“Mono”- One, “Saccharide” = Sugar
- Some multiple of CH2O.
- The Monomer of all Carb’s
- Function:
- Nutrients
- Energy storage (fuel)
- Raw materials for amino
amino acids and lipids.
- Examples:
- Glucose
- Fructose (Fruit)
- Ribose
Glucose (Ring) High Fructose Corn Syrup Combining Monosaccharides Dissaccharide – “Di” = 2, “Saccharide” = Sugar -­‐ Storage, otherwise same funcJon as monosaccharides. -­‐ Examples: -­‐ Sucrose (Table Sugar), -­‐ Maltose (Malt Sugar), -­‐ Lactose (Milk Sugar). Polysaccharides - “Poly” = Many.
-  Starches.
-  Functions:
- Storage
-  Examples:
-  Glycogen – Animals
-  Amylose (Starch) –
- Plants
- Structure
-  Examples:
-  Cellulose (Fiber) – Plants
-  Chitin – Animals/Fungi
Molecular Modeling Please
return all
Molecular
sets like at
right!