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MaPPImplementationStrategy
2015-2020
MarinePlanPartnership
fortheNorthPacific
Coast(MaPP)
August2016
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
TableofContents
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Introduction.............................................................................................................................3
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Purpose....................................................................................................................................5
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CollaborativePartnership........................................................................................................6
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Engagement.............................................................................................................................7
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ImplementationFunding.........................................................................................................8
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Five-YearPriorities..................................................................................................................9
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LinkagestoRelatedInitiatives...............................................................................................13
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ImplementationPerformanceandMonitoring.....................................................................13
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Communications....................................................................................................................14
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
1 Introduction
Nearlyadecadeago,theworldcelebratedlandmarkconservationagreementsfortheGreat
BearRainforest—partofthelargestintactcoastaltemperaterainforestonearth.Theecological
richnessofthisrainforestissurpassedonlybythespectacularmarineworldoftheconnecting
waterwaysandocean,knownastheGreatBearSea.TheGreatBearRainforestandGreatBear
Seaareinextricablylinked,witheachnourishingtheotherandsustainingthehumanand
economicwell-beingoftheregion.
Buildingontheground-breakingagreementsdevelopedfortheGreatBearRainforest,the
ProvinceofBritishColumbia(B.C.)and18FirstNations(thepartners)inNovember2011
initiatedthefirstlarge-scalemarineinitiativeinB.C.,knownastheMarinePlanningPartnership
fortheNorthPacificCoast(MaPP).MaPPwasanambitiousinitiativethatusedascientifically
rigorousandcollaborativeapproachtoadvanceeconomicdevelopmentandconservationin
oneofthemostecologicallysignificantregionsontheplanet.
TheMaPPregionencompassesapproximately102,000squarekilometersstretchingalongtwothirdsofB.C.’sNorthPacificCoast,fromQuadraIsland/ButeInletinthesouthtotheCanadaAlaskaborderinthenorth.Westtoeast,theMaPPregionextendsfromthebaseofthe
continentalslopewestofHaidaGwaiiandVancouverIslandacrosstomainlandB.C.Figure1
showstheboundariesoftheMaPPregionandthefoursub-regions.
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
Figure1.MarinePlanPartnershipregion
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
TheMaPPpartnersdevelopedmarineplansfortheCentralCoast,HaidaGwaii,NorthCoastand
NorthVancouverIslandsub-regions.Thesub-regionalmarineplanssetoutobjectivesand
strategiesforachievinghealthieroceans,strongermarineeconomiesandimprovedcultural
andsocialoutcomes.Additionalmanagementdirectionisprovidedthroughthreeoverarching
typesofspatialzonesineachofthemarineplans:generalmanagementzones,special
managementzonesandprotectionmanagementzones.AbroaderRegionalActionFramework
establishesregionalMaPPactionsthatthepartnershaveidentifiedasbeingmostappropriately
implementedataregionalscaleandthatareconsistentwith,andsupport,sub-regionalplan
recommendations.Thefoursub-regionalmarineplansweresignedandapprovedinApril2015.
Withthecompletionofthefoursub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFramework,
theMaPPpartnershaveturnedtheirfullattentiontoimplementation.
MaPPsub-regionalmarineplans,theRegionalActionFramework,andthisMaPP
implementationstrategyaddressissueswithintheconstitutionalauthorityoftheGovernment
ofBritishColumbiaandFirstNations,pursuanttoCanada’sConstitutionandFirstNationslaws,
respectively.Consistentwiththeapprovedsub-regionalmarineplans,thisimplementation
strategydoesnotprovide,implydirectionormakerecommendationsonmattersthatthe
Provincebelievesaresolelywithinfederaljurisdiction.
2 Purpose
Thepurposeofthisfive-yearimplementationstrategyistooutlinekeyelementsoftheMaPP
partners’approachtoimplementingprioritiesidentifiedintheapprovedMaPPsub-regional
marineplansandtheRegionalActionFramework.
Thisdocumentdescribesthecollaborativepartnershipapproach,fundingmechanisms,
engagementstrategies,overallprioritiesandpotentiallinkagestootherinitiativesassociated
withtheinitialfiveyearsofMaPPimplementationwork.
Implementationofthefoursub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkwill
helpachievethefivestrategicoutcomeslistedbelow.Section6providesamoredetailed
descriptionoftheseoutcomesandhowMaPPimplementationwillachievethesestrategic
outcomes.
Outcome1:CollaborationandGovernance–Strengtheningthemodelofcollaborativeoceans
governance.
Outcome2:MarineZoning–Achievingahealthymarineenvironment,robusteconomy,and
strongcommunitiesthroughzoning.
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
Outcome3:Stewardship,MonitoringandEnforcement–Enhancingstewardshipofecological
andculturalvalues,andarchaeologicalsitesandareasthroughcomprehensivemonitoringand
enforcement.
Outcome4:SustainableEconomicDevelopmentandHealthyCommunities–Fosteringanew
ecosystem-basedmarineeconomyforimprovedcommunityandhumanwell-being.
Outcome5:ClimateChangeandAdaptiveManagement–Undertakingstudiesandplansto
betteraddresstheeffectsofclimatechangeintheMaPPregion.
Theapproachesandactionsinthisdocumentarenotintendedtoreplaceorsupersedethe
approachesandactionsidentifiedintheindividual,approvedsub-regionalplansandthe
RegionalActionFramework.
3 CollaborativePartnership
Thecollaborativepartnershipapproachusedduringdevelopmentofthefoursub-regional
marineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkwascomplexandunique.Eachtierofthe
MaPPgovernancestructurewasco-ledbyrepresentativesfromtheProvinceofB.C.and
partnerFirstNations.Sub-regionalmarineplanswerewrittenandapprovedbytheappropriate
FirstNationpartnersandtheProvinceofB.C.Asuiteofadministrative,technicaland
communicationscontractorsprovidedday-to-daysupporttotheMaPPinitiative.
Successfulcompletionofthefoursub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalAction
Frameworkis,inmanyrespects,areflectionoftheeffectivenessofthecollaborative
government-to-governmentstructuresestablishedbythepartners.Thecollaborative
partnershipwassupportedbyanengagementprocessasdescribedinsectionfour.
Consequently,asimilargovernanceapproachisbeingdevelopedforMaPPimplementation.
InMarch2015,theMaPPpartnersandTidesCanadasignedanimplementationsupportproject
memorandumofunderstanding(theMOU),forMaPP.TheMOUwillbesupplementedby
specificimplementationagreementsonsub-regionalmarineplanimplementationbetweenthe
ProvinceofB.C.andtheappropriateFirstNationpartnersineachsub-region.These
agreementswillalsocontainimplementationprovisionsforactionsintheRegionalAction
Framework.
Sub-regionalmarineplanimplementationwillbeledbyjointimplementationteams,co-chaired
byaB.C.andaFirstNationstechnicalrepresentative.Sub-regionaldecision-makingprocesses
willbuildonexistingdecision-makingframeworksbetweenB.C.andFirstNationsas
appropriate.ForimplementationworkrelatedtotheRegionalActionFramework,andfor
consistencyinachievingMaPPimplementationcommitments,theco-chairsofthefoursub
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
regionalimplementationteamswillcollaborateasaregionalMaPPimplementationtechnical
team.
ConsistentwiththestructuresusedintheMaPPplanningphase,aseniormarineworkinggroup
comprisedofMaPPpartnerorganizationswillprovidedirectionandoversighttotheMaPP
implementationphase.AnexecutivelevelcommitteeofseniorleadersfromtheMaPPpartners
willaddressandresolvesignificantissuesrelatedtoMaPPimplementationthatcannotbe
resolvedbythemarineworkinggroup.Seniorsub-regionalimplementationbodieswillprovide
oversight,guidance,andresolutionofissuesrelatedtosub-regionalMaPPimplementation
work.Asecretariatwillprovideday-to-dayadministrationandsupporttotheMaPP
implementationtechnicalteamandthemarineworkinggroup.
Thenewimplementationgovernment-to-governmentstructuresaredescribedinFigure2,and
willbereflectedinprovisionsoftheimplementationagreementsdevelopedbetweenB.C.and
eachofthefoursub-regionalFirstNationpartners.
Figure2.MarinePlanPartnershipgovernment-to-governmentstructures
4 Engagement
Thesub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkbenefittedfromrobust
stakeholderandlocalgovernmentengagementandpublicreviewmechanismsandprocesses.
Regionalandsub-regionaladvisorycommittees,comprisedofindividualswithawidevarietyof
marineexperienceandinterests,providedinputandadviceonplanningproducts.Ascience
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advisorycommitteecomprisedofscientistswithexpertiseinecological,economic,social
and/orculturalaspectsofthenorthPacificcoast’smarineenvironmentprovided
multidisciplinarytechnicalandscientificadviceandknowledge.
Strongsupportforthesub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkwas
receivedfromawiderangeofmarinestakeholdersandfromlocalgovernments.
Recognizingthevestedinterestofstakeholdersandotherlevelsofgovernmentinthe
successfulimplementationofsub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFramework,
theircontinuedengagementonimplementationactivitiesiscritical.Thiscanincludea
continuedroleforadvisorycommittees,althoughinsomesub-regionsthecommitteesmaybe
integratedintoexistingstructures,asappropriate.Meaningfulengagementwillalsocomein
theformofproject-by-projectadvice.
ForregionalactionsoutlinedintheRegionalActionFramework,anengagementstrategywillbe
developed.Opportunitiesforreviewandcommentonkeyimplementationactivitiesand
outcomesareanticipatedformembersofthegeneralpublic.
ThereareFirstNationsintheMaPPregionthatdidnotparticipateintheplanningphase.The
MaPPpartnerswilldevelopastrategyforengagingtheseFirstNationsinimplementation.
Figure3.MarinePlanPartnershipengagementmodel
5 ImplementationFunding
Effectiveimplementationofthesub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFramework
requireshumanresourcecapacityandlong-termfunding.Tostrengthenthedurabilityof
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
strategicoutcomes,thepartnershavedevelopedaMaPPimplementationbudgetandfinancing
model.
AnindependentevaluationofcostsassociatedwithpriorityrecommendationsofthesubregionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkprojected$25millionasthefunding
requirementoveraprojectedperiodoffiveyears.Initial“in-kind”contributionsforthefirstfive
yearsofimplementationhavebeensecuredfromB.C.andFirstNationgovernments.Having
alsosecuredinitialfinancialcommitmentsfromprivatefunders,MaPPpartnersareactively
identifyingfundingtoenablefullimplementationofthesub-regionalmarineplansandthe
RegionalActionFramework.
TheMOUsignedbytheMaPPpartnersandTidesCanadaprovidesforcontinuationofTides
CanadaastheadministrativehomeforMaPPimplementation.However,thepartnersintendto
establishadedicatedtrusttoadministerandallocateimplementationfunds.Workisbeing
donetodevelopatrustmodelandhaveitregisteredasalegalentityandcharityforfund
administrationoverthelongerterm.
6 Five-YearPriorities
Implementationprioritiesforthefoursub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalAction
Frameworkwereidentifiedduringtheplanningphaseandhavebeenfurtherscopedthrough
implementationworkplanningandbudgeting.Thegoalistoimplementallofthestrategiesin
thesedocumentsovertime,buttheinitialfocusisonthefirstfiveyearsofimplementation.
Thissectionisorganizedunderthefollowingfiveimplementationoutcomes:
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collaborationandgovernance;
marinezoning;
stewardship,monitoringandenforcement;
sustainableeconomicdevelopmentandhealthycommunities;and
climatechangeandadaptivemanagement.
Exampleactionsareprovidedtodemonstratesomeofthewaysthepartnerswillachievethese
fiveoutcomes.Examplesaredrawnfrompriorityactivitiesfoundinthesub-regionalmarine
plansandtheRegionalActionFramework.
Theexampleactionsidentifiedinthisdocumentarenotintendedtoreplaceorsupersede
statementsmadeintheindividual,approvedsub-regionalplansandtheRegionalAction
Framework.Acompletelistofsub-regionalorregionalpriorities,specificstrategiesand/or
actionscanbefoundintheimplementationprioritiessectioninthesub-regionalmarineplans,
ortheregionalactionssectionintheRegionalActionFramework.Theintentistoimplementall
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prioritystrategiesinthesub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkoverthe
nextfiveyears.
Thepartnerswillreflectabalancedapproachtoachievingallfiveoutcomes,andfundingwillbe
allocatedbyagreementofthepartnersaccordingtothesub-regionalandregionalgovernance
framework.
Outcome1:CollaborationandGovernance
Strengtheningthemodelofcollaborativeoceansgovernance.Forthefirsttimeatthisscale,
FirstNationsaresittingalongsideothergovernmentsinplanningthefutureofoceans
managementwithintheirterritories.Thisoutcomewillincreaseintergovernmental
collaborationtosupportdecision-makingprocesses,andpromoteengagementwithmarine
stakeholdergroups.Examplesofhowwewillachievethisoutcomeare:
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MaPPimplementationagreementsforeachsub-region.
Implementationadvisoryprocessesfortheregionandsub-regions.
Collaborativerelationshipswithfederalandotherlevelsofgovernmenttosupport
implementationofMaPPandotherrelatedrecommendationsandpriorities(e.g.,the
PacificNorthCoastIntegratedManagementAreainitiativeandNorthernShelfBioregion
MarineProtectedAreaNetworkplanning).
Opportunitiesformoreeffectiveandcollaborativeevaluationofmarinedevelopments
orprojectsincludingimprovementstotheprovincialenvironmentalassessment
process.
Improvedprocessesand/orpoliciesforencouragingeffectiveworkingrelationships
betweenFirstNationsandtenureproponents/holders,includingopportunitiesforFirst
Nationandlocalcommunityeconomicbenefits.
Publiceducationtoolsonmarinemanagement.
Collaborativerelationshipsforcompliancemonitoringandenforcement.
Collaborativearrangementsforevaluatingandmonitoringcumulativeeffects,including
identifyingmethodologiesandmanagementactions.
Collaborationwithothergovernmentsandprocessestomakeimprovementsrelatedto
marinesafety,emergencyresponsecapacity,andpreparedness.
Effectiveandefficientcollaborativegovernanceapproachesfortenuring,includinga
reviewofinactiveorunder-usedtenures,asappropriate.
Outcome2:MarineZoning
Achievingahealthymarineenvironment,robusteconomy,andstrongcommunitiesthrough
zoning.TheMaPPsub-regionalmarineplansrecommendspatialzonesandmanagement
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directionthatwillreduceuserconflictsandbalanceeconomicopportunitieswithprotection.
Thisoutcomewillincreaseawareness,understandingandadherencetothemanagement
directionforthesezones.Examplesofhowwewillachievethisoutcomeare:
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Aninformationandoutreachstrategythatinformsmanagersanddecision-makers
aboutMaPPspatialmanagementrecommendationsandimplementationrequirements,
andsupportsdiscussionswithtenureapplicants.
Asystemforongoingmonitoringandreportingonconsistencybetweentenuring
recommendations/decisionsandthemanagementdirectioninthesub-regionalplans,
includingspatialzones.
Aformalreview(byyearfive)oftheeffectivenessofMaPPzones,includingstageof
implementationandachievementofstatedpurposeorobjectivesforeachzone.
Toolsforeffectivelymanagingzones(e.g.,detailedsite-specificmanagementplans,
suitability/capabilitystudies,interimprotectionmeasures).
FinerscaleplanningintheCentralCoastandNorthCoastplanareasthathavenotbeen
zoned.
StrategiesforadvancingprotectionmanagementzonesthroughtheCanada-British
Columbia-FirstNationsMarineProtectedAreaNetworkplanningprocess,includingan
assessmentofthecontributionofprotectionmanagementzonestothenetwork.
Strategiesforadvancingrecommendationsidentifiedingeneralmanagementand
specialmanagementzonesusingappropriatemechanisms.
Outcome3:Stewardship,Monitoring,andEnforcement
Thisoutcomewillimproveunderstandingofthecumulativeeffectsofdecisions,enhance
governments’andcommunities’responsetoemergencies,enrichunderstandingand
managementoftheconnectionsbetweenlandandsea,enhancemanagementandprotection
ofculturalandarchaeologicalsitesandareas,expandcapacitytomonitorandrespondto
changes,andstrengthencomplianceandenforcementprograms.Examplesofhowwewill
achievethisoutcomeare:
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Selectingregionalandsub-regionalecosystem-basedmanagement(EBM)indicatorsof
ecosystemhealthandhumanwell-being.
Developingaco-ordinatedmonitoringprogramforEBMindicators,including
documentingand/orreportingonresearchandmonitoringactivitiesandresults.
TrainingFirstNationsandotherlocalresidentsondatacollectionrelatedtomonitoring
programsforEBMindicators.
Supportingeffortstoprotect,recoverandmonitorspeciesofconcernanddegraded
areasandaddressingthreatstobiodiversitysuchasinvasivespeciesintroductions.
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Facilitatingcumulativeeffectsresearchincludingapilotprojecttoassessandmanage
cumulativeeffectsusingtheMaPPframework.
Integratingmonitoringdataintoresourcemanagementdecision-making.
Developingassessmentsandactionplanstobettermanagetheecologicalimpactsof
marinepollutionfromhumanactivities.
Remediatingandrestoringpriorityareasaffectedbypollutionordevelopment.
Creatinggeographicresponseplansforallsub-regions.
IdentifyingandpursuingopportunitiestoincreaseFirstNations’involvementin
monitoring,complianceandenforcementactivities.
Documentingandconservingcultural,heritageandarchaeologicalsitesandareas.
SupportingopportunitiesforresearchtomeetconservationandEBMmandates.
Outcome4:SustainableEconomicDevelopmentandHealthyCommunities
Fosteringanewecosystem-basedmarineeconomyforimprovedcommunityandhumanwellbeing.Thisoutcomewillincreasestabilityandcertaintyforindustriesandcommunitiesby
providingcleardirectionforexistingandemergingsectors,reducingpotentialconflicts,andfor
managingsustainabilityofthemarineeconomy.Examplesofhowwewillachievethisoutcome
are:
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Actionplansforfundingandfillingspecificgapsinregionalandcoastalcommunity
marineinfrastructureandservices.
Studiesthatconfirmareassuitableforpriorityeconomicactivitiesinsub-regionsand
limitingfactors.
Sub-regionalmanagementplansforselectmarine-basedindustriestoguidesustainable
activities.
Studiesoncurrentprogramsandopportunitiesforincreasinglocalinvolvementand
benefitsfromthefisherieseconomy(e.g.,seafoodprocessing,shellfishaquaculture).
Traininganddevelopmentprogramsthataddressidentifiedcapacitygapsandincrease
employabilityoflocalresidents.
Programsandpoliciesthatimprovelocaleconomicbenefitsrelatedtoshellfish
aquacultureandfisheries.
Sustainabletourismproductsthatsupportlocaleconomies.
PartnershipstosupportmarineeconomicdevelopmentrelatedtoMaPP
implementation.
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MarinePlanPartnershipfortheNorthPacificCoast
Outcome5:ClimateChangeandAdaptiveManagement
UndertakingstudiesandplanstobetteraddresstheeffectsofclimatechangeintheMaPP
region.Thisoutcomewilldeterminecultural,social,ecological,andeconomicvulnerabilityto
differentclimatechangeeffects,andresultinadaptationplans.Examplesofhowwewill
achievethisoutcomeare:
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Regionalandsub-regionalclimatechangeriskassessmentstoidentifylevelsof
vulnerabilitytodifferentoceanographiceffectsofclimatechange.
Identificationofmarineinfrastructurevulnerabletoclimatechangeimpacts,and
investmentinappropriateadaptationormitigationstrategies.
Climatechangeactionplanningthatconsidershighlyvulnerablecultural,socialand
ecologicalvaluesandsitesintheMaPPregion.
Educationaltoolsonclimatechangeanditsimpactsonmarineecosystemsandhuman
well-being.
Increasedawarenessandcapacityforgovernments,communitiesandhouseholdsto
respondtoemergencysituations.
EstimationofthepotentialformarinecarbonsequestrationintheMaPPregion.
7 LinkagestoRelatedInitiatives
TheMaPPsub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkarekeycomponents
ofabroaderplanninglandscapeontheB.C.coast.MaPPpartnersareengagedinothermarine
planningprocesses,allofwhichhavesomegeographicand/orcontentoverlapwithMaPP
implementationoutcomesandactivities.Forexample,thePacificNorthCoastIntegrated
ManagementArea(PNCIMA)Plan(onceapproved),providesdirectiononandcommitmentto
integrated,ecosystem-basedandadaptivemanagementofmarineactivitiesandresourcesin
thesameplanningareaasMaPP.TheMaPPpartnersarealsoengagedintheplanningofa
MarineProtectedAreanetworkfortheNorthernShelfBioregion(theregioncoveredbyboth
thePNCIMAPlanandtheMaPPinitiative),pursuanttothe2014Canada-BritishColumbia
MarineProtectedAreaNetworkStrategy.
TheMaPPpartnersactivelysupportleveragingefficiencieswithotherMaPPpartnerinitiatives
intheareascoveredbythesub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFramework,as
wellasotherfederalinitiativesthataddressissuesofinteresttotheMaPPpartners.
8 ImplementationPerformanceandMonitoring
Thesub-regionalmarineplansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkwillbemonitoredtoassess
implementationprogressagainstworkplansandavailablebudgets.Thesub-regionalmarine
plansandtheRegionalActionFrameworkincludegeneralcommitmentsforupdatesand
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amendmentsovertimetorespondtochangingissues,information,prioritiesandconditions.
Individualsub-regionalplansidentifytheirformalreviewandamendmentopportunitiesand
timelines.
TheMaPPpartnerswillfollowanadaptiveapproachduringimplementation.Ifimproved
knowledgeorresultsofEBMindicatormonitoringsuggestdifferentactionsormanagement
approacheswouldbetterachievesub-regionalandregionalobjectivesandstrategies,theMaPP
partnerswilladjustdecisionsandactionsasappropriate,andwilldocumentassociated
rationale.Thisadaptiveapproachwillallowforimprovedmanagementandresponsible
stewardshipoverboththeshortandlongtermandiscrucialtosuccessfulachievementof
MaPPstrategicoutcomes.
9 Communications
Duringimplementation,avarietyofcommunicationtoolswillbeusedbytheMaPPpartners
regionallyandsub-regionally.MaPPcommunicationtools,suchasaMaPPwebsite,
newsletters,newsreleases,communiqués,presentationsandpublications,maybeusedbythe
partnerstocommunicateMaPPimplementationactivitiesandoverallprogress.
TheMaPPwebsitewillserveasavehicleformessagingregionalandsub-regional
announcements,progressandstatusofregionalandsub-regionalactivities,accessto
completedstudiesandreports,andnotificationofpublicengagementopportunitiesand
contractopportunities.
MaPPnewsletterswillcontinuetofeatureuniquestoriesrelatedtoMaPPimplementationin
thefoursub-regionsandacrosstheMaPPregion.
MaPPpartnerstaffandcontractorswillcontinuetoparticipatein,andcontributetorelevant
andappropriateworkshops,conferencesandsymposia(international,nationalandlocal)to
disseminateplanningandimplementationexperiencesandsuccesses.
TheMaPPpartnersalsohavetheirowntoolsforcommunicatingwiththeir
constituents/members,andwillcontinuetousethesetoolstodisseminateinformationabout
MaPP,asappropriate.
FORMOREINFORMATION
TheMarinePlanPartnership:http://mappocean.org
MaPP’sMarinePlanPortal(usingtheSeasketchapplication):http://www.seasketch.org/projects
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