Chapter 13 The New Deal
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1.
21st
Amendment
4.
Bank
"Holiday"
Repealed the 18th Amendment thus allowing
the manufacturing, selling and transporting of
alcohol.
2.
FDRs first act as president. FDR temporarily closed
the banks. Emergency Banking Relief Act: required
federal examiners to survey the nations banks and
give certificates to re-open to those that were
sound.
22nd
Amendment
5.
Black
Cabinet
No person shall be elected to the office of
President more than twice, and no person who
has held the office of President, for more than
two years of a term or acted as President shall
be elected to the office more than once.
3.
Agricultural
Adjustment
Act
A group of influential African Americans who
advised president Roosevelt on issues that affected
them
6.
Under the AAA, farmers would be paid NOT to
grow crops. This should end the overproduction of crops and raise crop prices.
PROBLEM: Food prices raise during depression
AND tenant farmers become homeless and
jobless. Unconstitutional.
Brain
Trust
A group of leading academics who served as
presidential advisers. They wanted to revive the
Progressive-era practice of using govt. regulation to
solve economic problems and protect the common
good.
7.
Civilian
Conservation
Corps
10.
Eleanor
Roosevelt
Wife of FDR. Transformed the role of first lady
by participation in political affairs. Her activism
opened up political opportunities for other
women and civil rights issues.
It reduced poverty/unemployment, helped
young men and families; young men go to
rural camps for 6 months to do construction
work; $1/day; intended to help youth escape
cities; concerned with soil erosion,
state/national parks, telephone/power lines; 40
hr weeks
8.
11.
Court
Packing
Provided government insurance for bank
deposits up to a certain amount (100,000).
Increased public confidence in the system.
12.
FDR's plan to increase the number of supreme
court justices from 9 to 15. This fiasco hurt FDR
politically, as many feared court-packing would
upset the balance of power in the government.
9.
Federal
Deposit
Insurance
Corporation
Dorothea
Lange
Photographer who worked for the
Resettlement Administration to document the
extent of the migrant workers' suffering and
arouse public's sympathy.
Famous photo: Migrant Mother
Fireside
Chat
Radio addresses that FDR used to address the
American people directly to let them know
what he was trying to accomplish.
13.
First
Hundred
Days
The first 100 days of FDRs presidency
Between March 9 and June 16, 1933, Congress
passed 15 major acts to meet the economic
crisis.
14.
Frances
Perkins
17.
Keynesian
Economic
Theory
U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, the
longest serving in that position, and the first woman
appointed to the U.S. Cabinet
15.
An economic theory based on John Maynard
Keynes
A theory that supports government intervention
(deficit spending) to spur employment and
consumer spending when economies stumble.
Opposite of laissez faire
Huey P.
Long
18.
Mary
McLeod
Bethune
Senator from Louisiana who challenged the New
Deal
He proposed a "Share Our Wealth" plan to
redistribute money from the rich to the poor.
16.
A member of the black cabinet and a powerful
champion of racial equality. The most powerful
African American within Roosevelt's cabinet.
Bethune was also close friends with Mrs.
Roosevelt.
John L.
Lewis
19.
The New
Deal
Head of the United Mine Workers who created the
Congress of Industrial Organizations (C.I.O).
C.I.O. Organized all workers into one union
FDR's legislation from 1933 to 1938 intended to
promote relief, economic recovery, and reform
American capitalism, and offer security to
ordinary Americans.
20.
Second New
Deal
23.
A second series of programs and reforms that
FDR hoped would speed up the nation's
recovery, provide economic security to every
American, and ensure his re-election in 1936.
21.
Built dams and hydroelectric plants in the
Tennessee River Valley to control flooding,
generate power, and attract industry to the South.
24.
Security and
Exchange
Commission
Tennessee
Valley
Authority
Wagner Act/
National Labor
Relations
Board (NLRB)
Required companies to disclose financial
details to potential investors so they could
make an informed stock purchase. Regulated
the practice of buying on margin. Attempted to
prevent problems of Stock Market Crash.
22.
Social
Security Act
Wagner Act-Guaranteed the right of workers to
bargain collectively for higher wages. This Act
created NLRB that prevented employers from
firing or blacklisting workers who joined unions.
Union membership increased greatly.
It guaranteed retirement payments for
enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up
federal-state system of unemployment
insurance and care for dependent mothers
and children, the handicapped, and public
health
25.
Works Progress
Administration
New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those
that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs
working on bridges, roads, and buildings.