Name
-e/23)
Daily 4 Student Checklist
Week4 (e/Le
Tuesdoy
Thursdoy
Stotion I
Stotion 2
Stolion 3
Slqtion Ch'qices
Reod to Self lR)
rhe grvcr
ChB-t
Word Work (WW)
Work on Writing (W)
lotin Roots (LR)
Self-Evoluotion Rubric
l5 points
l0 points
5 points
0 points
Tosk
Stoyed on tosk doily
Porticipotion
I porticipoted in oll
stolions qnd mode
wise choices
Stoyed on tqsk
most doys
I porticipoted in
some stotions.
Struggled to stoy
on tosk
lstruggled to get
to stotions this
week.
did not stoy on
tqsk this week
I did not moke
wise choices this
week.
Assignmenls
Iturned in oll
Iturned in oll but
turned in one or
two ossignments.
did not turn in
ony ossignments
ossignmenls.
one
ossignments.
Totol Score:
I
I
I
LTSSON
V
LATIN STEMS
Latin Stem List
stem
loco
sur
alter
contra
stell
Latin Stem
meaning
place
over
other
against
star
modern examPles
locomotive, location, dislocate
surface, surrealist, surfeit
alteration, alternativq, altrqism
contradict, contrast, contrarY
stella{, corlste,ll ation, interstellar
Talk
. Spanish
Iocalidad
surrealista
altruismo
contradicción
constelación
¡
a location is a
LOCO means place. Lscomotív¿s move (*o2from place to place,
place, and to dislocate something is to put it 9ut of place'
is an artist who
SURmeans over. The surface ofthe Àea is over the rest, a surrealíst
an excess.
depicts things beyond ordinary reality, and a surfeít is
othqr than what it was' an
othe1.,An alteratiol,ip t:
,,
AITERmeans
îf:
:,9"t":þ1g
others'
ølternatíve is another opiion, and altruismis thinking of
what he or
CONTRA means against, To ç,oytqdlcr somqone is to speak against
two things, and'to be contrary is to go
she has said, a contrasl is a differen'ce between
against what is desired of you by others
is a
STEtt means star. The stellar surface is the surface of the star, 4 constellation
the stars'
group of stars, and interstellar space is the deep space between
Review Stems from Caesør's Englìsh
stem
circum
mal
post
equi
ante
meaníng
around
bad
after
equal
before
I
modern examPles
circus, circumpolar, circumlocution
malcontent, malign, malaProPism
postgradrrate, posterior, postlude
equation, equinox, equitable
l.antedate , ante meridiem, antepenult
,{
\'"
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39
Caesaros Analogies: Find the most similar pairs.
SURFEIT: PAUCITY::
ALTRUISM : BENEVOLENCE ::
a. stellar : interstellar
a. surrealism : imaginatíon
b. alteration : tradition
c. contradiction : assent
d. stellar : constellation
b. surface : submerge
c. excess : scarcíty
d.locomotion : place
Caesar's Antonyms: Find the best opposite.
CONTRADICTION
ALTRUISM
a. refutation
a. anger
b. advocation
c. confirmation
d. interrogation
b. consideration
c. benevolence
d. malice
caesarts context: Find the best word to complete the sentence
The Stoic philosopher advocated a life of simplicíty and
a . altruism
b anarchy
c expatriatism
d dislocation
Caesar felt he could speak without fear
of
a. patriarch
b. contradiction
c. constellation
d. surrealism
An eerie sense of
a. surfeit
b contradiction
c surrealism
d alteration
pervaded the weird scêne
r
,t
\.
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be reproduced
40
t
Advanced Word: Altruism
The word altruism (Aï.-troo-izm) contains the Latin stems alter (other) and ísm
(doctrine). Altruism is the opposite of selfishness and egocentrism; it is the ability to do
things that are selfless, are of a genuine concern for others or for the common good. In
James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, we read that "you have yet to
learn the dignity of altruism and the responsibility of the human individual."
The Grarnmar of Vocabulary: øltruismra noun
Here is a sentence using the noun altruisrn,which means caring about others.
He was
egocentric,
Parts
of
adj.
Speech: pron. v
but now he
conj. adv.
practices altruism.
pron.
Parts
of
Sentence: subj. LVP
Phrases:
Clauses:
'subj.
S.C
v
AVP
adj
D.O.
no prepositional, appositive, or verbal phrases
--independent
clause-.-
--------independent clause-------a compound declarative sentence
In this sentence, the noun altruism is the direct object of the action
vetb practices. This sentence shows us two clauses; a clause is a
group of words built around a subject and predicate (verb). The first
clause is He was egocentric,in which the subject/verb combo is Hel
was, and the'second clause is he practices altruism, in which the
subjeclverb comb o is he /pr actic e s .This sentence also illustrates the
difference betwegn a subject complement with its linking verb and a
direct object wiúf fts action verb.
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41
{
Caesar's Classic Words Challenge
If we want to get a feel for how words are used, we must see how greal writers use
words. In each case below, one of the choices was the word used by the author. For you,
this is a word game. Your challenge is to guess which word the author used. This is not
a test; it is a game because more than one word choice may work perfectly well. See if
you can use your sensitivity aúd intuition to guess which word the author used. You may
need a dictionary.
1. From Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
[There was] a moving appeal to every
a. altemative
sentiment
b. altruistic
c. contrary
d. stellar
2. From Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre
herself on sweet lies.
A more fantastic idiot had never
a. surfeited
b. dislocated
c. contrasted
d. surfaced
3. From Raþh Ellison's Invisíble Man
[Itl
sweot around mv mind in a
mad
whirl
a. surreal
b. contrary
c. alternative
d. stellar
?
¡it
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42
Caesarts Usage
One of the secrets of advanced vocabulary is knowing how to alter words in order to
use them as different parts of speech. Pick one example from each column below, and
write a good sentence using it.
altruism
surfeit
surrealist
dislocation
altruistically
altruistic
surfeited
surfeit
surreally
surreal
dislocate
dislocated
equitable
equitably
circumlocute
circumlocution
Caesar's Sesquipedalian StorY
Aprodigious clamor rose in the Senate, and the halls were
profirre with. acute retorts and audible, derisive condescensions
that profoundly shattered the benevolent serenity of the
institution: The scene was su{ïeal; on every countenanee, a
grotesque and odious apprehension dislocated the noimal
vivacious faces , contradicting the dignity of ofûce . All pretense
of altruism was lost, as senators surfeited thernselves on selfaggrandrzing proposals. Only the absence of Caesar permitted
such rnanifest comrption, and this constellation of graft would
soon face the implac able wrath of Cae sa¡, who, b ack from Gaul,
would impose a sornberrectitude on the Senateand leave these
feasting senators prostrate in submission.
{
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43
From William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar
In this quotation frorn Shakespeare's famous play, Cassius is persuading Casca that
Caesar has grown too powerful and arrogant:
CASSIUS,I. iii.
Now could I, Casca, name to thee a man
Most like this dreadful night,
That thunders,lightens, opens graves' and roars
As doth the lion in the CaPitol;
A man no mightier than thYself, or me,
In personal action, yet prodigious grown
And fearful, as these strange eruptions are.
'
From Julius caesar's commentøries on the Gøllicwørs
It happened to þe full moon that night, at which time the Atlantic tides are
particularly high-a fact unknown to the Romans. The result was that the
warships used in the crossing which'had been beached, were waterlogged,
and the transports, which were riding at anchor, wetre knocked about by
the storm, without the soldiers having any chance of interfering to save
them. A nurnber of ships wefe shattered, and the rest, having lost their
cables, anchors, agd the remainder of their tackle, were unusable, which
naturally threw the'whole army into somber consternation; for they had no
other vessels in which they could return, nor any materials for repairing the
fleet, ând, since it had been generally understood that they were to return
to Gaul for the winter, they had not procured themselves a stock of grain
for wintering in Britain.
t
*
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44
Review for Cumulative Quiz
together
one hlndred
cârry
com
cent
fer
vid
matri
look
stell
mother
place
other
star
placate
vivacious
to appease
tulI of life
retort
a
benevolent
prostrate
charitable
lying flat
loco
alter
quickfwitty reply
intra
within
ad
to
vita
pater
pop
sur
contra
life
derision
procure
audible
somber
profuse
ridicule
to acquire
father
people
over
against
able to be heard
gloomy
abundant
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45
LESSON VI
CLASSIC WonpS
Spanísh
English
ostentatious: éhowy.
inexorable: inevitable
indolent: lazy
doleful: mournful
ostentoso
inçxorable
indolente
doliente
alacridø.d
alacrity: eagerness
o STENTATIOUS (oss-ten:TnY-shuss)'
The English adject ive ostentatitous comes fiom the Latin verb ostentare,which meant
to display iî u,no*y or gaudy manner. The noun form of the word is oste:ntation.InWhiie
Fang,Iack London described how a 'rpart-grown puppy.l:came toward him slowlV, wfth
ostentatious andbellþerentimportance." InTwain'sTgmsawyer,theters a"pewtermedal
which he had worn with oSteniation for months." Herman Melville wrote in Moby Dick
that"they would ostentaúou$ly bharpgn theirknives," andin&illy Bùddhe described ithe
official's self-possessed and somewhdt ostentatious manneï in maki4ghis specificationq."
tlarrietBeecher Stowe wrote' in (Incle'Tod, Cabíùthat:"she suddenly too"k it upon her;
with some consìderable ostentation, to change all the furniture a4d appurtenances.l' Vlittt
admiration, JaneAusteï described "an agt of unostentatioús kindnessl'!n Emma,and in
Pride aryd Prejqdice shewrote that "he welcomed them a second time with obtent¿tious
formality to his humble abode."lVhat do you think Upton Sinclair meant,in The Jungle
when he wrote of "the wastes of social ostentation-?
INEXORAßLE (in-EX-ora- r¡l)
,
The F.nglish adjective inexotrable, from the Latin inexorabílis, means inevitable,
something that cannot be escaped. In James Hilton's Lost Horizon, the monastery has
*The
"no rþidities, no inexorable rules." In Etlwn Frorneo Edith Wharton wrote thal
inexorable facts closed in on him like prisop-warders handc-uffing a convict." Joseph
Conrad wrote in his 1902 Heart of Darkn¿ss that "oKurtzis life was running swiftly, too,
ebbing, ebbing out of his heart into the sea of inexorable time." Thomas Hard.y described
'lthe inexorable laws of nature" i* Jude the Obscure. trn The House of Seuen Gables,
pertinacity of a child intent upon some
Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote of "the
used inexorable in his 1596 classic
object important to itsplf." And
o'More
fierce and more inexorable farthanempty
Rome o and J ulier to describe something
'tigers or the roaring sea." Which do you think would be more inexorable: empty tigers,
or the roaring sea?
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48
INDOLENT
(IN-do-lent)
The English adjective indolent-indolence isthe noun form-comes from the Latin
dolere (to feel pain). You are indolent when you are lazy,when you do things that cause
you no (in) pain(dol). Being called indolent is not good. In Esther Forbes's Johnny
Tremain,"Dove was gamrlous, indolent, complaining, and boastful." In Lost Horizon,
James Hilton wrote that "It was, if the worst view be taken, a for.m of indolence, an
unwillingness to intemrpt his mere spectator's interest in what was happening;" In her
Tgg3 novel The Giver, Lois Lowry wrote that the requirements could "be revealed as
simplyfoolishnessandindolence."InAnnaSewell's BlackBeauty,BlackBeautyexplains,
"I had a loose box, and might have been very comfortable if he had not been too indolent
to clean it out." A character in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabinig "Indolent
an{ childish, unsystemati,c and improvid,e,nt." And Benjamin Franklin wrote in his 1788
Autobiography of "insolvent debtors, many of indolent ánd idle habits."
,
Tke Legend of Steepy Hollow,Washington Irving.wrote of "tales of strange sights and
doleful lamentations." In his novel Kim,Rudyard Kipling wrote that'¿he rested his cheek
dolefully on his hand." what do you think thar would I'ook like?
ALAC RITY (ah-LAcK-rih-tee)
The English noun alacrity comes from the Latin atacritas and means
an eagerness, a
ooHendon,
cheerful readiness to something. In Mark TVain's The Princi,e and the Pauper,
dispatched his ablutions with alacrity." Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote inThe House of the
Seven Gables that, "considering his own interest in the matter, he might have bestirred
himself with a little more alacrity." In Vanity Fair,Thackeray wrote, with great irony,
"Amelia had risen very early in
morning, and packed her little trurrks with the
rthe
greatest alacrity, while Osborne fy in bed deploring that she n'ad not a maid to help
her." In Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudíce, "Miss Bingley moved with alacrity to the
piano-forte." Benjamin Franklin wrote in his Autobiography that he "proceeded in my
electrical experiments with great alacnty." Here is an unusual example: In H.G. Wells's
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rel
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49
The Invisible Man,
a character "moved with a sort of rel.uctant alacrity." what would
þat look like?
Review Words from Caesar's English
I
exquisite: beautifullY made
clamor: outcry
sublime: lofty
tremulous: quivering
allude: indirectlY refer to
The Grammar of Vocabulary: ostentøtiouslyran adverb
gaudy
Here is a sentence using the adverb ostentatiously,which means in'a showy,
way.
:
V/ealthy Romans
lived ostentatiously in grept villas.
Parts
' ofSpeech:
adj.
n
V
subj
AVP
adv.
prep.
adj
n
Parts
of Sentence:
prepositional phrase
Phrases
one independent clause,; a simple declarative sentence
Clauses:
Here the adverb ostentatiously modtfies the action u'erb lived. Even
though there is an action verb, there is no direct object because no
noun or pronoun receives the verb's action. The Sentence has a nice
prepositional phrase tfat modifies the verb.'We can see the difference
between adjectives niøityi"g nouns, and an adverb modifying a
verb. The adjective form of ostentatiously is ostentatious, and the
noun form is ostentation.Many words can change form slightly to
be used in different waYs.
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50
luc.. 'I'his page may Dot be reproduced'
Challenge
.:
Caesar's Classic \Vords
If we want to get a feel for how words are used, we must see how great writers use
words. In each case below, one of the choices was the word used by the author, For you,
this is a word garne. Your challenge is to guess which'word the author used. This is not
a test; it is a game'because more than one word choice may work perfectly well. See if
you can use your sensitivity and intuition to guess which word the author used. You may
need a dictionary.
'
1. From Edith Wharton's Ethan
.
Fr.ome
rr
He was too
:
,¡..
.
to move.
a. CIstentatious
b:iilexorable
c. doleful
d. indolent
2. From Joseph Heller's Catch-27
by morbid fantasies.
He was tormented
a. dolefully
b. inexorably
c. ostentatiously
d. indolently
3. Frorh Raþh Ellison's Invisible Man
He was weak,
a.
weak
dolefully
b. ostentatiously
c. indolently
d. inexorably
ç.
dll
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rÕ
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5l
.
¡.rli
ttt
,.;
I
I
I
I
Caesarts flsage
One of the secrets of advanced vocabulary is knowing how to alter words in order to
use them as different parts of speech. Pick one example from each column below, and
write a good sentence using it.
osLcilLatr()il
sublimity
indolence
allusion
+- +i
I
-,
^ ^t ^-^+^+l ^-- ^
t)stçllt¿rLluus
^-+^^,. \-,ù
LUITL(tLT\JLTùIJ
inexorable
sublime
tremulous
indolent
inexorably
sublimely
tremulously
indolently
allucle
dolefïlly
dolefï1
Copvriuirt.,'?{)1.i. iìoy¡l ì'rilcrworlis l)trl.lisirìrr¡r (il.. Inc:. Ilris lrlrgc
-),1,
tn¿ly nol bc rcprotlltccei.
Caesar's Sesquipedalian Story
Work on the aqueduct had stopped. The odious sun burned
down on the somber workers, prostrate on the grass, and the
typical viv acious alacrity of their countenances was replaced by
a doleful deterinination to do no more. It was not that they ïvere
indolent;rather, they were apprehensive*they had incurred a
surfeit of tragedy, as today another worker had fallen from the
third tier of the
and odious
the
that
accidents would continue inexorably.
There was no clamo-r. The stoneworkers made no audible
complaint, no derisive retort or o stentatious sho w of discontent ;
there was no madfest insurrection, but a surreal serenity
pervaded the atmosphere, giving an almost grotesque character
to the scene. The- supposed bçnevolent altruis,m o,f the engineers
was contradicted by the profoundly condescending attitude
they took with the workers, and despife the engineers profuse
expressions of ioncern, there was a prodiglous problem, unless
plans for new scaffolding were announced.
Review for Cumulative Quiz
com
cent
together
one hundred
caf'ry
fer
vid
matri
look
mother
loco
alter
stell
derision
procure
audible
somber
profuse
inexorable
doleful
Copyright
.
(e)
intra
within
ad
to
vita
pater
life
pop
sur
contra
placate
vivacious
place
other
star
ridicule
to acquire
able to be heard
E
gloomy¡.,.
abundant
inevitable
mournful
father
people
over
against
to appease
full of life
retort
a quick,
benevolent
prostrate
ostentatious
indolent
charitable
lying flat
showy
lazy
alacrity
eageffÌess
witty reply
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53
"
Ofm
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t
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out all ol llw Vløcøs.
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told IVw covør VaEø lo
crøalø a lab.
4 Qluo lniç lab d\røclly lo
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b. \otÌrø all dovwl ll
çhould look liko lhìg wholl
ltw þ,ft tl hlw \nçido
doftnritton ?aEø
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Gluø downr tho
trianqular labøl.
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Lairnr
"Arlrn!, wr,a?}n"
qrmistice- (n) o pouse in fighting brought obout by ogreement between the two
sides
qrmodillo- (n) ony of severol smoll burrowing mommols of worm ports of the
Americos whose heod ond body ore protected by hord bony ormor
ormoment- (n) o supply of wor moteriols; the process of preporing for wor; the
militory strength ond equipment of o notion
qrmqdo- (n) o lorge fleet of worships; o lorge force or group of usuolly moving things
hddthonal Wordç
disorm- (v) to toke weopons from; to reduce the size ond strength of the ormed'
forces of o country; lo moke hormless, peoceoble, or friendly; remove dislike or
suspicion
qrmor- (n) o covering to protect the body in bottle; ormored forces ond vehicles (os
tonks)
qrmory- (n) o supply of weopons; o ploce where orms ore kept ond where soldiers
ore often troined; o ploce where orms ore mode
Ofm Lafinr
"aryv\r/, wøa?on"
qrmistice- (n) o pouse in fighting brought obout by ogreement between the two
sides
ormodillo- (n) ony of severol smoll burrowing mommols of worm ports of the
Americos whose heod ond body ore protected by hord bony ormor
ormoment- (n) o supply of wor moteriols; lhe process of preporing for wor; the
militory strength ond equipment of o notion
ormodq- (n) o lorge fleet of worships; o lorge force or group of usuolly moving things
hddthonal Wordç
disorm- (v) lo toke weopons from; lo reduce the size ond slrength of the ormed
forces of o country; to moke hormless, peoceoble, or friendly; remove dislike or
suspicion
ormor- {n) o covering to protect the body in boltle; ormored forces ond vehicles (os
lonks)
ormory- (n) o supply of weopons; o ploce where orms ore kept ond where soldiers
ore oflen troined; o ploce where orms ore mode
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audittonr
auditoriuvn
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aud\blø
audio
OUd¡ Latrnr 'To hc,ar"
qudition- (n) o short performonce to show the tolenls of someone, such os CIn octor
or o musicion, who is being considered for o role in o ploy, o position in on orchestro,
etc.
oudible- (odj) heord or oble to be heord
quditorium- (n) o lorge room or building where people gother to wotch o
performor'ìce, heor o speech, etc.
oudio- (odj) of or reloting to the sound thot is heord on o recording or broodcosl
Additronal Wordç
oudience- (n) o group of people who gother logether to listen to something, such os
o concert, or wotch something, such os o movie or ploy; the people who ottend o
performonce
oudiology- (n) o bronch of science deoling with heoring; specificolly; theropy of
individuols hoving impoired heoring
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Latrnr
'To Vwar"
oudition- (n) o shorl performonce to show the tolents of someone, such os on octor
or o musicion, who is being considered for o role in o ploy, o position in on orchestro,
etc.
oudible- (odj) heord or oble to be heord
ouditorium- (n) o lorge room or building where people gother to wotch o
performonce, heor o speech, etc.
oudio- (odj) of or reloting lo the sound thot is heord on o recording or broodcost
hddtlonal Wordç
oudience- (n) o group of people who gother together to listen lo something, such os
o concert, or wotch something, such os o movie or ploy; the people who oltend o
performonce
oudiology- (n) o bronch of science deoling with heoring; specificolly; theropy of
individuols hoving impoired heoring
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Work on Writing
(9
lI9
9/23)
L. Th¡nk about a trip you took. Where d¡d you go? Who were you
with? What happened while you were there? Use details to
describe the setting and the events that occurred during this trip.
2.
Th¡nk about a day when nothing went right. ¡t could have been
anywhere. lt might have been at home or at school. Write a story
about this bad experience.