Welcome to AP Chemistry!
Summer AP Chem work consists of 4 parts to help you review concepts from Chem 1 to get you ready for AP Chem.
Parts of Summer Work
Ideas/Concepts from Chem 1
Part 1: Registering – p.1
Basics of atomic structure (proton/neutrons/electrons, atomic number,
mass number, isotopes, average atomic mass, etc.)
• Log onto WebAssign (p.20)
• Register for Remind 101
Part 2: Activities – p.2-17
Nomenclature: covalent, ionic, acid, basic organic (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes)
Part 3: Web Assign – p.18-19
Reactions (types and balancing)
Part 4: The Disappearing Spoon –
Mole conversions, stoichiometry (grams, moles, particles, volume, mole
p.20-22
ratios), percent mass, empirical/molecular formulas, gases, gas laws
You will be working on activities, WebAssigns, and reading parts of The Disappearing Spoon. Please purchase a
3-ring notebook with dividers and put all of these sheets in it! On first day of school, please bring your 3-ring
notebook (see WebAssign section), calculator (doesn’t really matter what kind as long as it has scientific
notation), a sharpie pen, 3 highlighters (different colors), and lots of enthusiasm for learning! You will be turning
in p. 6,8,10,11-16,21,22. No need to bring your textbook to class…ever. THERE WILL BE A QUIZ ON THE 15
POLYATOMIC IONS NOTED IN THIS PACKET ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL!
Have a great summer!
Mrs. Herbig ([email protected])
Part 1: Registering:
 Please log on to WebAssign (www.webassign.net) from home before Monday, 5/22 at 7:00 am.
• username - last name.first name.1 (ex: herbig.laura.1) (It may default to your AP physics log in.)
• institution - collinshill.ga
• password - “password” (change this to something more secure and put in your cell phone.)
• Check your email address under “my options” – if it’s not one that you will check, change it.
• Enter your cell phone # in ID number
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 Register for Remind101 before Monday,
5/22 at 7:00 am. Text the message “@6h49c”
to 81010. This is how I will send out
reminders, hints, & messages throughout the
summer. Have your parents join too!
Part 2: Activities
Activity
Atomic Structure Tangram
Nomenclature Tangram
Chemical Compounds Logic Puzzle
Stoichiometry Marathon Problem
Celebrating the Chemistry of Bubbles
AP Type Problem
Memorize 15 Polyatomic Ions –
name, formula, and charge
References
Ch 1-3, and 4.5 of your textbook; search Google for
videos on Youtube or notes on specific topics from
Khan Academy, Bozeman Science, Chemguy, Sams &
Bergmann, Crash Course, Science Geek, College
Board (AP Chemistry Student)
(there will be a polyatomic ion quiz on the first day of school)
How to use your textbook:
• Your textbook is more than something to put under your pillow. It has information to read, worked-out
problems for you to review, practice problems for you to try, and so much more…
• Take notes when reading but don’t copy everything; try to summarize section with a few bullet points or
sentences. Take note of bold/italicized portions (typically vocabulary, formulas, or other important info).
• Pay particular attention to pictures and diagrams and their captions. They aren’t just there to add some
color to the page. They add depth to your understanding. For example, in graphs, notice relationships: are
the variables directly proportional, inversely proportional, etc.?
• Read through each sample exercise and its solution. These give an example of a question and show you
the thought process and/or math that is needed to answer it. After reading the sample exercise, try to
answer the practice exercise on your own and check your work with the provided answer.
• The “Chemistry Put to Work” sections show how the chemistry in that section is used in the “real world”
and give you some context for the use of what you’re learning
• The “A Closer Look” sections give a more in-depth explanation of a particular piece of content.
• At the end of each chapter, there is a summary, including key terms, key skills, and key equations. Review
over these to see if your notes highlight the most important points in the chapter. If not, reevaluate how
you take notes on your textbook.
• Use the practice questions at the end of the chapter to test whether you understand how to apply the
concepts you learned. Questions with the numbers in red have answers at the back of the book, in the section
Answers to Selected Exercises beginning on page A1. The Visualizing Concepts questions are important too, as
you should understand how to read/interpret diagrams and articulate chemical concepts.
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How to use Khan Academy:
• Khan Academy, like your textbook, has both information & practice questions for you to apply what you learn
• Each topic in Khan Academy starts with a skill check as a pre-assessment, to see what you know. Start with
this to guide you in how to spend your time. Briefly review the things you already know how to do on the
skill check, then focus most of your time on the topics you don’t know how to do.
• The tutorials on Khan Academy are a mixture of videos (with the triangle “Play Button” icon next to them)
and written tutorials (with the piece-of-paper icon next to them). Some of them also contain practice
questions for you to answer (with the star symbols next to them).
• The tutorials are usually listed in order of increasing complexity. Skills from later tutorials and videos build
on the skills from earlier ones. If you get lost in a tutorial, go back and review a previous concept first.
• After reviewing over everything in a section, go back to the skill check. See if you can answer the questions
without hints. If not, you may need to continue reviewing those concepts still. Remember, nothing says
Khan Academy should be the only resource you use to review those skills. Feel free to mix your resources!
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Atomic Structure Tangram
You will be making a tangram using concepts from atomic structure. An example of a solved tangram is below on the
left. You should also use this to review some basic math skills and make sure you understand these pairs as well 
1+3
6740
4
6.74x103
The following questions will be
referenced in the tangram:
2
17÷2
x(x+y)
8.5
8x2
x2 + xy
1+1
16
6÷3
2
m=d*v
y = m/d
x2 + 1 = 5
0.00627
x = ±2
3x3
d=m/v
d=m/v
9
6.27x10-3
1.
What element has 2 isotopes:
one with a mass number of 79 and a
percent abundance of 50.69% and
the other with a mass number of 81
and a percent abundance of 49.31%?
2.
What is the name of the
radioactive isotope that is undergoing
alpha decay in the equation below?
238
92
→ 42He +
234
90Th
AFTER you solve the puzzle, consider the following: Did you solve the puzzle without solving all the problems? Check
out the pairs you didn’t have to solve to see if you agree/understand. Use the table below to identify your favorite
pairs (what made you think, was fun to solve, interesting, etc.) and list questions you still have about pairs that you
don’t understand. Remember, the point of this is to learn, so if there are pairs you don’t get, make sure to look them
up or list them here.
6
Questions
Page
Favorite Pairs
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7
Highly reactive, shiny,
malleable
7 Valence
Electrons
Highly reactive group of
nonmetals
Nitrogen
Uranium-238
15 protons,
16 neutrons,
18 electrons
Diatomic; most
abundant gas in
air
*See
Question 2 on
previous
P
30 3-
Calcium,
Rubidium, Oxygen,
Nitrogen
Manganese
Element that is liquid
and not diatomic
Groups 3-10
*See Question 1
on previous sheet
I2
Element with 2
protons
Unreactive
Average atomic
mass: 183.85amu
Oxygen
Carbon
Hg
12 protons
Iodide
Transition metal with
5 unpaired electrons
8proton,
8 neutrons,
10 electrons
Commonly
forms +2 charge
Sulfur
Krypton
[Ne]3s23p4
1s22s22p63s2
3p64s23d10
Calcium
Iodine
Alkali Metals
Diatomic element
with 6 valence
electrons
Charge of -2
Carbon
Chlorine
Zn
Transition
metals
15 protons,
15 neutrons,
18 electrons
Noble gas with
4 energy levels
P
31 3-
Atomic number
74
Bromine
Halogens
I-
Mg
Instructions: Cut out the16 squares below.
Atomic Structure Tangram
Atomic Structure Tangram Answer Sheet
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Instruction: Tape or glue your 16 squares in place on the grid below so that all the touching sides of the square
match. An example of a solved 3x3 square tangram is on a previous page. Please note that for some clues, there are
multiple possible matches, but you must get ALL sides of each square to match their surrounding squares. Be sure to
go back to the first page and fill in your favorite pairs/questions on the T-chart.
Nomenclature Tangram
Instructions: Cut out the 16 squares below.
CO
Carbon Dioxide
C2H4
Gold (II) Nitride
Sodium
Hydroxide
AgNO3
Cesium
Phosphate
Sodium Sulfite
Zn (NO2)2
CH4
MgBr2
Ethane
N2S5
9
Na2SO3
Zinc Nitrite
HBr
Manganese (II)
Sulfide
Phosphoric
Acid
Dinitrogen
Pentasulfide
Cs3PO4
C2H6
KNO3
Nitric Acid
Methane
H3PO4
Al2O3
Ethene
MnS
Hypochlorous
Acid
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ClF3
Potassium
Nitrate
HClO
Hydrobromic
Acid
CaCl2
Au3N2
CO2
HNO3
Carbon
Monoxide
Barium Bromide
Magnesium
Bromide
Silver Nitrate
NaOH
H2SO4
BaBr2
Calcium
Chloride
Aluminum
Oxide
Chlorine
Triflouride
Sulfuric Acid
Nomenclature Tangram Answer Sheet
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Instruction: Tape or glue your 16 squares in place on the grid below so that all the touching sides of the square
match. An example of a solved 3x3 square tangram is on the next page. Please note that for some clues, there are
multiple possible matches, but you must get ALL sides of each square to match their surrounding squares. Be sure
to fill in your favorite pairs/questions on the T-chart on the next page.
Chemical Compounds Logic Puzzle
You have four beakers, labeled A, B, C, and D. Beaker A contains some amount of hydrochloric acid. Beaker B contains some
amount of calcium chloride. Beaker C contains some amount of carbon dioxide. Beaker D contains some amount of butane.
Each beaker contains a different type of compound (ionic, covalent, organic, or acid). The moles of the compounds in each
beaker is different; one beaker contains 0.5mol of its compound, another contains 1.0mol of its compound, another
contains 1.5mol of its compound, and another contains 2.0mol of its compound. The mass of the compounds in each
beaker is also different; one beaker contains 29g, one beaker contains 54g, one beaker contains 88g, and one beaker
contains 111g. The beaker with the fewest moles is not necessarily the beaker with the smallest mass and most moles is not
necessarily the highest mass. For each of the four compounds, determine: the name, the formula (e.g. HCl), the type of
compound, the moles, and the mass. Put your answers in the table at the bottom of the page. Each answer should be used
only once.
2.0mol
1.5mol
1.0mol
0.5mol
111g
88g sample
54g sample
29g sample
Acid
Organic
Covalent
Ionic
Feel free to use the grid below to help you by placing a check or circle for any boxes that are "true" (meaning those two
things do go together) and an x for any boxes that are "false" (meaning those two things do not go together). This grid is
just for you to do the work if you want to do it in that format; you don’t have to use it.
HCl
CaCl2
CO2
C4H10
0.5mol
1.0mol
1.5mol
2.0mol
29g
54g
88g
111g
Name
Hydrochloric acid
Formula
Type of Compound
How Many
Moles
Sample
Mass (g)
Butane
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Carbon dioxide
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Calcium chloride
Stoichiometry Marathon Problem
Lead is a metal that can form two different charges, +2 or +4. When lead makes an ionic compound with nitrate,
it can form either lead (II) nitrate or lead (IV) nitrate, depending on the charge of the lead ion.
1. Write the formula for lead (II) nitrate _______________________
2. Write the formula for lead (IV) nitrate _______________________
Nitrate compounds dissolve well in water. A chemistry student, Micah, weighs out 3.00g of a lead nitrate sample
and dissolves it in water as the first step of a lab to determine the charge of lead in the compound.
3. Determine how many moles of lead (II) nitrate are in 3.00g of lead (II) nitrate.
4. Determine how many moles of lead (IV) nitrate in 3.00g of lead (IV) nitrate.
The next step in Micah’s process is to react the lead nitrate solution with a solution of excess sodium hydroxide.
This reaction forms a lead hydroxide precipitate (solid).
5. If the lead compounds all have Pb2+, write out the balanced double replacement reaction between lead
(II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide to form lead (II) hydroxide (a solid) and sodium nitrate (remains
dissolved).
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6. If the lead compounds all have Pb4+, write out the balanced double replacement reaction between lead
(IV) nitrate and sodium hydroxide to form lead (IV) hydroxide (a solid) and sodium nitrate (remains
dissolved).
After reacting these two solutions, all of the lead ions have been precipitated (formed a solid) with the
hydroxide. Micah uses a filter to purify (separate) lead hydroxide compound and dries it to remove any water,
then finds the mass of the pure lead hydroxide compound to be 2.11g.
7.
If the original compound was lead (II) nitrate, use stoichiometry and the balanced reaction from
question 5 to predict the mass of lead (II) hydroxide that could be formed from 3.00g of lead (II) nitrate.
8. If the original compound was lead (IV) nitrate, use stoichiometry and the balanced reaction from
question 6 to predict the mass of lead (IV) hydroxide that could be formed from 3.00g of lead (IV)
nitrate.
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9. Based on Micah’s data and your calculations above in #7 & 8, determine whether the original compound
was most likely lead (II) nitrate or lead (IV) nitrate. Explain your choice and calculate the percent yield in
this experiment.
Celebrating the Chemistry of Bubbles!
You will need:
• baking soda
• vinegar
• Ziploc bags
Background Info:
•
•
•
Teaspoon measure
Measuring cup
The Weather Channel
•
Thermostat
•
The chemical formula for baking soda is NaHCO3. Use your polyatomic ion sheet to name this compound.
__________________
• The chemical formula for the active ingredient in vinegar is HC2H3O2 or CH3COOH. Use your polyatomic ion
sheet and p. 64 and Figure 2.28 in your textbook to name this compound.
• Here’s the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that takes place between baking soda and vinegar:
NaHCO3(s) + HC2H3O2(aq)  NaC2H3O2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
• Using your formula sheet, find the box on Gases, Liquids, and Solutions and the symbols and constants in
the box beside it. Record the following formulas/conversions:
o Ideal Gas Law:
o Ideal Gas Law Constant (include units – choose the one with atm):
o Conversion of mmHg to atm:
Volume of bag (and
o Conversion of °C to Kelvin:
thus the gas)
L
o Molarity, M =
Try this:
Barometric
atm
K
g
L
14
mol
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Pressure (and thus
1. Measure and record the VOLUME of whatever size Ziploc bag you
approximate
choose. [Hint: Fill your bag with water then pour into a measuring
pressure of gas)
cup. Convert from cups to mL and then to L.
(½ cup = 120 mL)].
2. Record barometric PRESSURE for that day - look up on the weather
channel website (they usually measure in inches of Hg, so you’ll have
to convert from inches to mm [25.4 mm = 1 in] and then to atm. (see
Temperature
your formula from background info).
Amount of NaHCO3
3. Record the TEMPERATURE – look on your indoor thermostat (or
estimate) in Celsius and convert to Kelvin (see your formula from
Amount of vinegar
background info).
4. Now you’re ready to play!
Amount of HC2H3O2
o Vary the amount of baking soda and vinegar you mix together
in the bag in order to inflate it all the way without blowing it up. (It’s usually easier to put the
vinegar in first and then the baking soda – just try to seal the bag as fast as you can.)
o Once you get the right mix, do your measuring and recording.
5. Record how much baking soda you used [1 tsp of baking soda = 6.80 g]). _________ tsp
Show work and answer for conversion to grams here and record answer in table:
6. Record the volume of vinegar you used [1/4 cup vinegar = 60 mL])). _________ cup
Show work and answer for conversion to Liters here and record answer in table:
7. Calculate how many moles of HC2H3O2 you used using your molarity formula from background info.
(Note: the molarity of vinegar is 0.833M.) Show work and answer here and record answer in table:
8. Using chemical formulas, the periodic tables, and stoichiometry, calculate the moles of carbon dioxide
you can make from the amount of vinegar and baking soda you used. (Note: this is a limiting reactant
problem.) Your answer will be your theoretical yield.
Show all work here:
9. Using the Ideal Gas Law, calculate the # of moles of carbon dioxide from the volume, pressure, and
temperature above. This answer will be your actual yield.
Show all work here:
10. Calculate your % yield. If you don’t know the formula, look it up – it’s easy to find.
Show all work here:
Reflection:
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2. Draw a picture of what is left in the Ziploc bag after the reaction is done? Fill in LOTS of details.
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1. This activity reviewed the concept of gas laws, solutions, stoichiometry, and conversions while making you
make connections to the world around you (i.e. your kitchen, the Weather Channel, etc). Write a 3-5
sentence paragraph discussing these concepts and what you learned through this activity or how you saw
new connections in chemistry.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
AP Type Problem
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Terephthalic acid is an important chemical used in the manufacture of polyesters and plasticizers. It contains only
C, H, and O. The combustion of 25.75g of terephthalic acid produces 54.57g CO2 and 8.39g H2O. The molar mass of
terephthalic acid is 166g/mol. Using the concepts of stoichiometry and empirical formulas, calculate the empirical
and molecular formulas for terephthalic acid. Show your work below.
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Part 3: Web Assign – WebAssign is an online homework program that gives you individualized problems (and
sample problems to work if you need more practice) and immediate feedback. The purpose of these 3
WebAssigns is to familiarize you with the program and practice basic Chem 1 concepts. Please do not share your
WebAssign password with others and complete all work in a section of your 3-ring notebook for class – you must
show your work. You will also be keeping class notes in a section of your 3-ring notebook.
Please log on to WebAssign (www.webassign.net) from home after Wednesday, 5/17 at 4:00pm and before
Friday, 5/19 at 7:00 am.
•
•
•
•
username - your last name.first name.1 (example herbig.laura.1). It may default to your AP physics
log in. If you have a name similar to someone else, your username may differ; see me or email me at
[email protected] – be sure to tell me your name in your email.
institution - collinshill.ga
password - “password” (change this immediately to something more secure after logging in and save
in your cell phone. Just click on My Options in the upper right corner of any page, then Password.)
Make sure your email address listed is one that you check regularly, enter your cell phone # as ID #.
Please read through the WebAssign Student Help System; especially the sections on Assignments, Questions (esp.
ChemPad and Marvin Sketch), and Study Aids (esp. Practice Another Version & My Class Insights). The “Help” link
appears on the top right of any page. The help system and the first two assignments will help you learn how to
format your answers in WebAssign. Please don't hesitate to email any questions about how to format to
WebAssign. For questions about chemistry, click “Ask Your Teacher” next to each question; I will check this every
few days; once I’ve responded, there will be an envelope with a red arrow next to the “Ask Your Teacher” button
for that question. I also send out notifications via the email on your WebAssign account, so make sure that it is an
email that you will check regularly and update it anytime you make a change.
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You will have 5 submissions for each question so that you can fix incorrect answers, resubmit, and master the
material. Please do not wait until the last minute. Please use summer time to figure out this technology.
Assignments will only be accepted electronically. You are encouraged to work ahead.
Hints for using WebAssign & the Textbook:
•
•
•
Almost all WebAsssign problems correspond to your textbook - Brown, LeMay & Bursten's Chemistry: The
Central Science 11th edition; that's why almost every question has BLB11 as the initial identifier.
After the BLB11 beginning, each problem will reference a chapter and then a Problem number. So, for
example, the problem coded BLB11 1.P.018 is in Chapter 1 and is Problem #18 (see below in your first
problem for this reference). The question will be basically the same but the numbers will be randomized.
Knowing which question in your book corresponds to each WebAssign question is helpful.
o If you notice in the back of each chapter, the questions seem to be paired. Usually the other
member of the pair is a very similar question, so you can practice with that question. If a question is
in red, then the answer is in the back of the book in the section of colored pages starting on p. A1.
o The questions are also divided into sections and these sections correspond to sections within the
chapter. That way, if you need help on a particular question, you know precisely where in the
book chapter to look for help.
o In addition, there are Sample Exercises (look for the light green boxes) within each chapter (and
section) that have a question, full solution, and answer to help guide you. For some, this is the
MOST helpful part of the entire textbook.
o Many Sample Exercises also include an additional Practice Exercise.
o Online, in your actual WebAssignment, many questions have an option to "Practice Another
Version." Take advantage of this! Many students practice several other versions of a problem
before wasting a submission (you usually get 5 submissions).
o Of course, there are several other resources to help you with concepts that are listed on p.1-2 of
your summer packet.
WebAssignments
Suggested due dates
Be sure to read the description/instructions of each assignment for directions and special hints!
Introduction to WebAssign Part 1
due June 6 at 10PM
Introduction to WebAssign Part 2
due June 6 at 10PM
Brown & LeMay Ch 1
due June 20 at 10PM
Brown & LeMay Ch 2
due July 11 at 10PM
Brown & LeMay Ch 3,4
due July 25 at 10PM
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**I will be checking your progress on these assignments on the dates above. However, you will be able to
access all of the assignments until Sunday, August 6 at 10pm. This is the FINAL DEADLINE.
Part 4: The Disappearing Spoon – How is Chemistry connected to History and the World?
Part A – Read the first 4 chapters (p.1-80) and complete the following:
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Complete attached handout (see p. 21)
Respond on padlet (https://padlet.com/laura_herbig/nh72g4vxvm2x) to the following
quote from p. 35: “…promiscuity is carbon’s virtue.”
Complete attached handout (see p. 22)
Respond on padlet (https://padlet.com/laura_herbig/4ljuxag43d4v) to the following
quote from p. 65: “The elements were cooked in less time than it takes to cook a duck
and roast potatoes.”
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Part B – Pick any chapter of your choice (study the Table of Contents; not 1-4). Using one side of an
approximately 12” x 18” piece of paper (the given one or another one), create a storyboard (series of illustrations
and captions) for several major ideas, concepts, themes, events, etc… in your chapter. The purpose is to
summarize your chapter in an illustrative way and to show a connection between Chemistry, History, and the
World. (Make sure your name and class period is on the front in the bottom right corner; nothing on the back will
be graded.)
The Disappearing Spoon Chapter 1 Assignment
Complete chart – I have done 1 concept for you! Nine more for you!
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1. If you wrap the periodic table into a circle,
the halogens (the most reactive nonmetals)
are on one side of the noble gases and the
alkali metals (most reactive metals) are on
the other.
Clever way that Sam Kean, the author, presents
them.
p. 17 – “The pacifist noble gases are a
demilitarized zone surrounded by unstable
neighbors.” (Notice all that Sam Kean had to
know about chemistry to write that statement.
Look for things like this with this kind of depth.)
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List 10 chemical concepts.
The Disappearing Spoon – Chapter 3 Assignment
Make at least 10 ideas around Mendeleev that describes his major thought patterns and development of the
periodic table.
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Mendeleev