Napoleon Forges an Empire Chapter 23 Sec7on 3 Napoleon Bonaparte •  Born 1769 on Corsica. –  Educated at a military school in France •  At the start of the Revolu7on-­‐ Napoleon joins the army and new government. Saving the Revolu7on •  October 1795, Napoleon defends the Na7onal Conven7on against royalist rebels. –  Viewed as a hero of the Revolu:on •  War with Great Britain and Austria -­‐ Leads the Army to victory in Italy –  Viewed as a hero Coup d'état •  1799 Napoleon takes power from the Directory aRer it lost the support of the people. •  Napoleon established as the first consul –  1800 Napoleon becomes a dictator •  Brings peace to France by ending war with Britain, Austria, and France Napoleon Rules France •  Reformed tax collec:on and created a na:onal banking system –  Ensured a steady supply of taxes and beWer control of the economy •  Creates lycees – public schools used to train future government officials –  Open to boys, based on merit. Religion and Reforms •  Signed the Concordat – government reestablished the Church but rejected its control in na:onal affairs. –  Napoleon gains support of the Church and the people. •  Napoleonic Code – uniform set of laws that limited liberty and promoted order and authority. –  Crowned Emperor in 1804 Napoleon Creates an Empire •  Revolu7on and Declara:on of Rights of Man and Ci:zen lead to slave revolt on Saint Domingue (Hai7) –  Gain freedom in 1803 •  Forces on Europe – Sells the Louisiana Territory to the US for $15 million –  fund opera7ons in Europe –  Provide power to America over Britain Napoleon in Europe •  Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden join forces against Napoleon –  Able to defeat his enemy •  1805 Bri7sh win the BaWle of Trafalgar –  Ensures Bri:sh naval superiority over France –  Napoleon gives up plan to invade Britain The French Empire •  By 1812, Napoleon controls all of Europe except Britain, Portugal, Sweden, and the OWoman Empire –  Creates puppet rulers to control them •  French Empire reaches its peak between 1807 to 1812 –  Second largest to only the Roman Empire