WRRP Management Plan
Templars Island
Chapter 3
Waimakariri River Regional Park
Waimakariri River Regional Park
WRRP Management Plan Kaiapoi Island Chapter 2
Page 1
Contents
Background.................................................................................................................................. 3
Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 4
Location........................................................................................................................................ 4
History.......................................................................................................................................... 6
Biodiversity.................................................................................................................................. 8
Recreation.................................................................................................................................... 8
Anti-social activities.................................................................................................................... 9
25 year vision............................................................................................................................... 9
Templars Island - Confluence Otukaikino Stream to Haul Road McLeans Island.............. 10
Vision................................................................................................ 10
Existing issues................................................................................... 10
Design aims....................................................................................... 10
Key design features........................................................................... 10
Activities............................................................................................ 11
Concept plan..................................................................................... 12
Templars Island - Confluence Otukaikino Stream to Dickeys Road Coutts Island............. 14
Vision................................................................................................ 14
Existing issues................................................................................... 14
Design aims....................................................................................... 14
Key design features........................................................................... 14
Activities............................................................................................ 15
Concept plan..................................................................................... 16
References................................................................................................................................. 17
Page 2
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Background
This document is chapter three of the Waimakariri River Regional Park Management Plan. The plan is being prepared in
stages and each of these relates to a geographical location within the park. The chapters can be read independently but
will eventually, along with the introduction and technical appendices, form the completed plan.
The Plan will cover nine geographical areas reflecting a similarity in use and management requirements. Of these nine
locations, there are four main stages identified for major development. Areas of the park falling outside these four main
stages will remain relatively unchanged but will be covered by regional park signage and management.
The four main stages identified for major development are McLeans Forest (McLeans Island), the north bank between
the Kaiapoi River and Madeleys Road (Kaiapoi Island), the south bank between Otukaikino Stream and McLeans Island
(Templars Island) and Otukaikino Stream to Brooklands Lagoon.
Park
Stages
Park Stages
Key
Stage 1 Mcleans Island
2006
Stage 2 Kaiapoi Island
2007
Stage 3 Otukaikino to McLeans Is
2010
Stage 4 Brooklands to Otukaikino Stream 2012
Wilderness Areas to be included by
Waimakariri River Regional Park
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
2012
Page 3
Templars Island
Introduction
Location
This section of the Waimakariri River Regional Park is known as Templars Island.
The name has historical significance and also links the south bank of the Regional
Park with Kaiapoi Island, which takes in a large part of the lower north bank.
The Templars Island section of the Waimakariri River Regional Park is situated
on the true right or south side of the Waimakariri River. It is a narrow stretch of
river berm which runs for approximately 11.6 kilometres between the confluence
of the Otukaikino and the Harewood Crossbank McLeans Island and for
approximately 2.3 kilometres upstream of the Otukaikino Stream to Dickeys
Road, Belfast. It includes the Christchurch City suburb of the Coutts Island.
The section covers approximately 260 hectares. Parts of the area are leased
for shingle extraction activities and stockpiling; and for farming. Templars Island
borders the Isaac Conservation Park on its southern boundary at the western
end of the section.
Templars Island has three vehicle entrance points off Coutts Island Road and
is accessible from the west where the section adjoins McLeans Island. There is
significant shingle extraction carried out along this stretch of the river with Fulton
Hogan having a processing plant in Coutts Island Road and Road Metals having
its processing area, for shingle extracted below Haul Road, at the western end of
Templars Island Road. There is also the Ashby Haul Road, running off Templars
island Road below Groyne 16, which leads to the Christchurch City Council park,
Roto Kohatu.
Templars Island Road runs from the end of Coutts Island Road through to Haul
Road McLeans Island, however many motor vehicles travel along the top of the
stopbank which runs to the riverside of the road. There are 16 groynes running
off the stopbank with many unauthorized 4WD and trailbike tracks between them
along the river berm.
The section has extensive areas of regenerating native vegetation beneath the
predominantly Poplar river control plantings. It is also home to many native
waterfowl and braided river bird species.
The development of Templars Island will reduce the negative impact upon the
river control infrastructure, biodiversity and non-motorised recreation and leisure
users, thereby enhancing the visitor experience.
Templars Island will become established as a destination point for activities which
compliment the natural values and this chapter illustrates how Templars Island will
be developed and managed to achieve this.
The section contains the following land parcels or part thereof.
Valuation Number
Lot Number
Pt Res 538, Pt Res 412, RS 37195, Pt Res 467, Lot 2 DP 9406, Pt RS 15911, RS 37267, Pt RS 830, Pt RS 925, Lot 1 DP 8592, Pt RS
1152, Pt RS 3724, Pt RS 1985, Pt RS 4500, Pt RS 4365, Lot 1 DP 6510, Pt lot 1 DP 9273
2191645401
Pt RS 738
2191645402
Lot 3 DP 8592, Lot 5 DP 8592
2191645600
Pt RS 2347, Lot 2 DP 10812
2191648203
Pt Res 3542
2528018600
Page 4
2191648204
Lot 2 DP 38822
2191648207
Lot 1 DP 38822
2191800200
Pt Res 3542
2191646100
Pt Lot DP 11171
2191646000
Lot 1 DP 11171
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Location Map - Templars Island
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ARS IS
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WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
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History
The Templars Island section of the Waimakariri River Regional Park is made
up of sections of what were originally Kaiapoi Island (Te Rakai a Hewa), Coutts
Island and Templars Island.
Prior to European settlement, the Waimakariri River was an unconstrained
braided river which had split into two main channels in the lower reaches
forming a number of islands about five miles from the coast.
The largest, Kaiapoi Island, was approximately 6 ½ miles long by 4 miles
wide and covered some 7000 acres. It was covered by a mixture of dry land
and wetland/swamp vegetation. In the higher areas the predominant species
included kanuka, tussock, speargrass and sub alpine shrubs and herbs. In
the wetland/swamp areas of the island, the species included raupo, harakeke,
cabbage tree and sedges. For further information see the Kaiapoi Island chapter
of the Waimakariri River Regional Park Management Plan.
Donald Coutts, an early Kaiapoi Island settler, set up one of Canterbury’s earliest
flour mills in 1861 at the south end of Kaiapoi Island. Coutts dug a race to bring
water from the north branch into the small stream on which the mill stood to
power the mill. It was a dangerous thing to do, as the mid 1860’s saw a series
of floods in the Waimakariri that widened the race until it became untenable. The
race was widened further by the great flood of 1868 creating Coutts Island.
Envelope postmarked Coutts Island 1951
Page 6
Coutts Island had its own post office and a public school which could
accommodate up to 36 children. The school was originally named Kaiapoi
Island School but was changed to avoid confusion after the river had changed
its course. The 1872 school building has been preserved at Ferrymead Historic
Park and now features as the historical parks schoolroom. The 1901 census
recorded the population of Coutts Island as ‘seventy one souls’.
Upstream of Coutts Island was Templars Island, named after Edward Merson
Templer. It was not until March 2005 that the New Zealand Geographic Board
officially recognised the island’s spelling mistake and assigned the name
Templers Island to the rural area located between the Waimakariri River and the
Christchurch International Airport.
Edward was born in Devon in 1819. He emmigrated to Australia with his older
brother John Arthur Templer in 1839 where they started two stations. The
drought of 1850 and news that the Canterbury settlement was about to be
formed caused them to turn their attention to New Zealand. They sold their
Australian properties and arrived in Canterbury with sheep in 1851. They took
up a large tract of land in what is now known as the Ashburton district. Edward
later purchased the well known Coringa Station in 1858 after the death of
Charles Church Haslewood. Coringa lay on the south bank of the Waimakariri
River and extended down to St Peter’s Church, Upper Riccarton, and to
the back of Fendalton. Templer sold Coringa to George Stead in 1882 and
then retired to his St Albans residence until his death in 1897. He was a very
cultivated man, fond of reading and he spoke and read French, German and
Italian He was also a member of the Provincial Council between 1858 and 1866.
Destinations within the Templars Island section of the park include ‘Pearce’s
Spring’ which is named after the Pearce family who farmed at Coutts Island for
a number of generations, ‘Whites Crossing Picnic Ground’ which is located near
where the old Whites Bridge crossed the South Branch and ‘Bailes Island Picnic
Ground’ named after a small island located adjacent to Templars Island.
Since 1859, engineers have been developing systems and structures to protect
Christchurch and Kaiapoi from Waimakariri floods. Initially works were isolated
and blocked overflow channels but from 1922 when the Waimakariri River
Trust was established more comprehensive works were undertaken. During the
1930s, under employment schemes, hundreds of men armed only with shovels,
picks and wheelbarrows created stopbanks and groynes along the river. The
original pine plantations along the river were also planted during the 1930s
Great Depression. Miners, Harewood and McLeans banks blocked off the south
channel so that the river was shifted to the north side of Templars Island. The
South Branch of the Waimakariri became the spring fed Otukaikino Stream
which we enjoy today at the Groynes Picnic Area.
Whites Bridge (Empire Road) across South Branch 1950s
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
1926
KEY
Stopbanks
Roads
1926 Islands
ut
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Coutts Island
(part of Kaiapoi Island before 1868)
Templars Island
McLeans Island
You are here
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Macleans Forest
am
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Today
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The Groynes
Aerial photos of the Waimakariri River 1926 showing Coutts, Templars, Bailes and McLeans Islands and the river today
Waimakariri River Regional Park
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Page 7
Biodiversity
Recreation
In this section of the Park, a narrow band of exotic flood protection forest
consisting mainly of willows and poplars is confined by the rivers braided
shingle banks.
Templars Island has been home to a wide range of land based recreation
activities including game bird hunting, off road driving, trail bike and horse riding.
In summer the area at the confluence of the Otukaikino is a popular swimming
and picnicking spot, while this reach of the Waimakariri River and the Otukaikino
Stream are popular with anglers during the fishing season.
However on closer inspection the section is linked by understory pockets
of kowhai, coprosma, phormium and tute and includes and contains the
“Sanctuary” which bulges out to the south at the end of Coutts Island Road.
It is the last remaining sizeable freshwater swamp on the lower Waimakariri
River. More than 40 native plant species have been recorded in this springfed
swamp, amongst them the regionally significant occurrence of soft treefern
(Cyathea smithii) and puawananga the showy Clematis paniculata. A carpet of
native fern spreads out under the willow canopy. The secretive bittern (Botaurus
poiciloptilus), marshcrake (Porzana pusilla) and possibly spotless crake (Porzana
tabuensis) may well be resident there.
The focus for future recreation and leisure activities at Templars Island are based
around the semi-wilderness and peaceful settings along this stretch of the park.
The section will provide many opportunities to interact with nature through the
smaller, more intimate picnic locations at Whites Crossing and Bailes Island
Picnic Grounds catering for smaller numbers of visitors, the self guide nature
walk through the Sanctuary wetland and the numerous wildlife viewing areas
and; the walking and cycling trails which, while linking this section with other
areas within the park and adjoining recreation and leisure areas at the Groynes
Picnic Area and Issac Conservation Park, provide access to the destination
points within Templars Island.
A long-term restoration of Sanctuary commenced in 2008 and aims to transform
the wetland into one of the pivotal core habitat areas which are strategically
spaced out at intervals along the length of the Regional Park. This includes
the swamp and open water areas of Sanctuary as well as a kahikatea forest
proposed for the areas higher ground.
Horse riding will be a common sight with the top of the stopbanks with a
series of trails leading down to the large grass berm area at the eastern end of
Templars Island.
Another much smaller swampy area east of Sanctuary are the Engelbrechts
Ponds which were created when the river broke its banks in the 1950’s. At
present the ponds are good duck habitat but restoration along this section,
similar to that being carried out at Sanctuary, will improve forest and swamp
bird habitat.
Water based activities include swimming, fishing and bird watching with,
lookouts proposed to view both wetland and braided river species with little or
no impact.
Gamebird hunting for waterfowl only will continue around the Pearce’s Spring,
Sanctuary and Engelbrechts Ponds but will be limited to between the hours of
dawn to midday and subject to the relevant regulations administered by Fish &
Game NZ.
Further east at the end of Lorimas Road there is a massive shingle braid which
is used by braided river birds for breeding. Banded dotterels (Charadrius
bicinctus) especially, seem to like the area but also black-fronted tern (Sterna
albostriata) and wrybill/ngutu-parore (Anarhynchus frontalis) have been returning
to breed. Car access to the area has been stopped however walkers especially
with dogs are a threat to the breeding birds. Between September and January
signs have been used to raise awareness amongst park visitors to avoid
the bird breeding areas. Predator control and raising public awareness with
interpretation panels will be necessary to improve the breeding success of the
braided river birds.
To the south adjacent to the braid is another promising and at times swampy
area which was used by off-road car enthusiasts in the past. Even though the
landscape is dissected and compromised by vehicle tracks already mature
kowhai (Sophora microphylla) and cabbage trees (Cordyline australis) are
plentiful laying the foundation for further native forest establishment.
Four wheel drives, trail bikes and ATV’s will no longer be permitted at Templars
Island. These activities conflict with other park users and have a significant
impact upon the environment. Specific single use areas have been set aside for
these activities in other sections of the river.
Thick fern carpet in Sanctuary
A further jewel is an old bed of the Waimakariri River which runs approximately
800metres east of and parallel to Dickeys Road. A willow lined springfed stream
runs through the old river channel and before it connects to the Otukaikino
Stream ponds in a swampy depression. The old channel has been grazed
over the years but in some parts the native swamp vegetation is still intact with
numerous sedges, rushes and flax. All sorts of wetland birds are attracted to the
area and this should increase as it is transformed into an area representative of a
Canterbury lowland forest.
At the stream confluence the Otukaikino Stream continues in a sharp bend as
if the Waimakariri River was formerly meandering strongly in its lower part. Old
willow trees shade the crystal clear Otukaikino Stream. The whole area lends
itself to restoration to a native lowland kahikatea forest stream habitat.
Pony trekking at Templars Island
Page 8
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Anti Social Activities
This area has in the past been the site of much of the anti social behaviour which
occurs at the river with car burning and dumping prevalent up until gates were
installed in 2007. Apart from the cost involved in remedying this, there is a risk
to the river control infrastructure, river ecology and other users. While this has
decreased significantly in this area, some of it has merely transferred to other
locations within the park.
Four-wheel drive vehicles and trail bikes have also caused extensive damage to
the river berm and river control infrastructure and had a negative impact upon
the horse riders and walkers who utilise this area. Many of the people engaged
in these vehicle activities are oblivious or indifferent to the damage or conflict
caused. Environment Canterbury recognises the recreation values of these
activities and has been working with groups including the Combined 4WD Clubs
and the Canterbury Trailbike Association to identify suitable areas within the
park where these activities can occur without impacting upon the river control
infrastructure, ecology and other users.
25 Year Vision
Templars Island will become a popular destination and important
connection along the lower reaches of the Waimakariri River Regional
Park. Links with McLeans Island, the Groynes, Clearwater and the
Issac Conservation Park will strengthen the developing recreation
corridor along the northwestern side of Christchurch City.
The section will be highly valued for its peaceful and natural setting
and this will be reflected by both the number of visitors to and through
the area and community participation in rivercare and enhancement
projects especially at Sanctuary and along the Otukaikino Stream
riparian corridor.
Recreation, leisure and education opportunities provide a means of
assisting people to appreciate the natural environment and these will
be the primary reasons that people visit.
Templars Island will be well forested with established indigenous
plants, linking the section with other self sustaining core habitats along
the length of the park. A wide range of native forest birds will utilise
the river as a passageway from the foothills and mountains to the
Pegasus Bay foreshore and Banks Peninsula forests. The forest and
waterways will also support a diverse range of indigenous animals
including fish, lizards and invertebrate.
Flooding, minimum water flows, water quality and residential
development in the North-east Christchurch, especially the proposed
Applefields subdivision are likely to have the most impact upon
Templars Island. Other factors which may provide opportunities
or threaten Templars Island include the future development of
The Groynes, the proposed Western Bypass motorway and the
development of land associated with that proposal.
4WD damage to the river berm
Waimakariri River Regional Park
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Page 9
Templars Island
– Confluence Otukaikino Stream to Haul Road McLeans Island
Vision
Key Design Features
An idyllic stretch of river wilderness which acts as an important linkage into and
along the river and which offers a range of recreation and leisure opportunities
allowing visitors to interact with the natural setting.
The key design features of the concept development plan include:
• Development of Whites Crossing Picnic Ground
• Development of the Bailes Island Picnic Ground
Existing Issues
The main existing issues to be addressed in the concept development plan include:
• Undesirable activities including vehicle and rubbish dumping, inappropriate
motor vehicle use
• Lack of facilities including toilets, information and activity areas
• Conflict between horses and motor vehicles
• Conflict between shingle extraction activities and visitors
• Weed infestation in core habitat areas
• Enhanced signage and interpretation
• Development of cycling and walking trails with linkages to the Issac
Conservation Park, Clearwater and other sections of the park
• Installation of a walking/cycle bridge across the Otukaikino Stream at the
Whites Crossing Picnic Ground
• Development of a carpark and toilet facilities on the east side of the
Otukaikino Stream for users of that area and the Whites Crossing Picnic Area
• Enhancement of the core riparian forest habitat area at Sanctuary
• Prohibiting motor vehicle use on the top of the stopbank system
• Boardwalks and viewing platforms within Sanctuary
• Incompatible activities e.g 4wd and biodiversity protection
• Damage to river control infrastructure and environmental areas
• Pressure on braided river bird breeding sites
Design Aims
The design aims for Templars Island are:
• Strengthen walking and cycling opportunities and links to other sections of
the park, adjoining recreation areas and the Christchurch City network.
• To encourage interaction with the area’s natural features
• To protect and restore core biodiversity areas at Sanctuary
• To protect braided river bird breeding areas
• To encourage community participation in biodiversity protection and
enhancement projects
Page 10
Confluence of the Otukaikino Stream
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Activities
Category
Templars Island
Reason for Category
Permitted
Picniking
Preferred activity
Fishing
Preferred activity
Portable gas bbq
Limited fire hazard, public safety
Cycling
Preferred activity
Horses
Preferred activity
Dogs under control in all areas except where specifically prohibited
Protection of birdlife, conflict with other users
Game bird hunting (waterfowl only)
Restricted hours Dawn to noon
Harakeke/Raupo harvesting
Cultural harvest agreement in place, permission required
Events
Permit required
Commercial filming
Permit required
Commercial Operations
Permit required
Trailbikes/ATV’s
Conflict with other users, protection of the environment
Motor vehicle use on top of the stopbanks
Conflict with other users, protection of the environment
Lighting fires
Protection of the environment
Dogs (other than gun dogs) in Sanctuary, Lorimas Road braid
Protection of indigenous bird species
Camping or campervans overnight
Night gates in operation
Unregistered vehicles
Public safety, protection of the environment
4WD use on the river berm within the stopbanks
Public safety, protection of the environment
Hunting (except waterfowl)
Conflict with other users
Managed
Restricted
Prohibited
Waimakariri River Regional Park
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Page 11
5755
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Concept Plan – Confluence Otukaikino Stream to Haul Road McLeans Island
Reid Reserve
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Issac Conservation Park
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Page 12
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WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
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Clearwater
Separation: Motor vehicles will use the bottom Templars Island Road, while walkers, cyclists
and horses will use the top of the stopbank
Waimakariri River Regional Park
View NW across the Canterbury Plains from Templars Island
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Page 13
Templars Island
– Confluence Otukaikino Stream to Dickeys Road Coutts Island
Vision
Key Design Features
A living stream supporting a healthy riparian corridor which provides access to
the park while being a destination in itself for walkers, cyclists and anglers.
The key design features of the concept development plan include:
• Development of Whites Crossing picnic area
• Enhanced signage and interpretation
Existing Issues
The main existing issues to be addressed in the concept development plan include:
• Lack of facilities including toilets, information and activity areas
• Lack of walking and cycling trails
• Damage to river control infrastructure and environmental areas
• Development of cycling and walking trails along both sides of the Otukaikino
Stream with linkages to the Groynes
• The protection and enhancement of the Otukaikino Stream riparian planting
• Installation of a walking/cycle bridge across the Otukaikino Stream at the
Whites Crossing picnic area
• Restoration of Pearce’s Spring, which flows from Coutts Island Road to the
Otukaikino, representative of a Canterbury lowland forest
Design Aims
Otukaikino Stream
The design aims for this section of Templars Island are:
• Strengthen walking and cycling opportunities and links to other parts of the
park, adjoining recreation areas and the Christchurch City network.
• To encourage interaction with the area’s natural features
• To protect and restore core biodiversity along the Otukaikino Stream
• To protect and enhance whitebait spawning sites
• To protect and enhance the riparian corridor along the Otukaikino Stream and
Pearce’s Spring
• To encourage community participation in a Living Stream project
Page 14
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Activities
Category
Templars Island
Reason for Category
Permitted
Fishing
Preferred activity
Cycling
Preferred activity
Horses
Preferred activity
Dogs under control in all areas except where specifically prohibited
Protection of wildlife and neighbours stock, conflict with other users
Game bird hunting (Pearce’s Spring waterfowl only)
Restricted hours Dawn to noon
Harakeke/Raupo harvesting
Cultural harvest agreement in place, permission required
Events
Permit required
Commercial filming
Permit required
Commercial Operations
Permit required
Trailbikes/ATV’s
Conflict with other users, protection of the environment
Public motor vehicle access
Conflict with other users, protection of the environment
Lighting fires
Protection of the environment
Camping or campervans overnight
Night gates in operation
Managed
Restricted
Prohibited
Waimakariri River Regional Park
Pearce’s Spring located between Coutts Island Road and the Otukaikino Stream
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
Page 15
'30"E
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Concept Plan– Confluence Otukaikino Stream to Dickeys Road Coutts Island
Browns Ramp/Main Entrance
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O
R
Whites Crossing Picnic Ground
Otukaikino/South Branch
S Bends
Pearces Spring
43°25'30"S
S
O AD
ER
WATT
SR
AB
Jetboat Ramp
43°25'0"S
Vehicle Access Point
EY
CK
DI
Fulton Hogan
S
AD
RO
Legend
43°26'0"S
Monument Corner
Cycle Walkway
Biodiversity Enhancement Sites
Park_Boundary_Outline
Groynes Picnic Area
Clearwater
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43°26'30"S
Issac Conservation Park
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
References
Acland, L.G.D. & Macdonald, G.R. 1930. The Early Canterbury Runs. Whitcombe & Tombs, Christchurch
A History of Canterbury; General History 1854 – 76 and Cultural Aspects 1850 – 1950. ed Gardner W.J.
Decisions of the New Zealand Geographic Board 3 March 2005; Land Information NZ
Hawkins,D.N. 1957. Beyond the Waimakariri : a regional history. Whitcombe & Tombs, Christchurch
Http.www.templerfamily.co.uk/Templers
Templer, Arthur, The Cyclopedia of NZ (Taranaki, Hawkes Bay & Wellington Provincial Districts) 1908. The Cyclopedia Company Limited, Christchurch. NZETC 2008
The Kaiapoi District Historical Society
Waimakariri District Council. 1999. Clarkville (Kaiapoi Island) Historic trail. ed. Woodward S.J., Waimakariri District Council, Rangiora
Wood, P. 1993. Kaiapoi A search for identity. Waimakariri District Council, High Street Rangiora.
Wood, P. 2008. Eyre: Wind and Fire; A history of the Eyre District. Eyre Towards 2000 Historical Committee and Waimakariri District Council, High Street Rangiora.
Waimakariri River Regional Park
WRRP Management Plan Templars Island Chapter 3
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