SSAC_IRNSG.book Page 68 Tuesday, September 20, 2005 3:47 PM
Chapter 5 Notetaking Study Guide
Now you are ready to answer the Chapter 5 Focus Question: How did a small
group of nomadic Hebrews come to have a lasting impact on Western
Civilization?
Complete the
following chart to help you answer this question. Use the notes
that you took for each section.
The Evolution of Judaism
The Foundation
• __________________, the belief that there is only one God, is central to Judaism.
Judaism follows a tradition of _____________________, or behavior based on ideas of
right and wrong.
• The ____________, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, describes the laws and
early history of the Hebrews.
• The Book of Exodus says that Moses went to the top of _______________________
and returned with laws known as ______________________________, which told
Israelites how to behave toward God and one another.
The Beliefs
The Spread of Judaism
• The three kings of Israel: ________________, _______________, _______________
• King David captured _______________ and made it his capital and center for worship.
• After Solomon died, the kingdom split in two. The southern kingdom was called
__________________. The religion of the Israelites was known as ________________.
The descendants of the Israelites were called _________________.
• After the Babylonian exile, the communities of Jews living away from their homeland
were called the ____________________.
• Religious leaders urged Jews to follow laws and rituals of Judaism wherever they were.
Jews often gathered in a ______________, to pray and read scriptures.
• The ______________ teachings of Judaism have influenced spiritual leaders worldwide.
Refer to this page to answer the Unit 2 Focus Question on page 69.
68
Unit 2
Chapter 5 Notetaking Study Guide
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
• The _________________ is a collection of oral laws and interpretations of laws
recorded by Jewish teachers.
• Prophets urged people to work for ________________ for everyone.
• The Jews believed that although God was strict, he was also _____________________.
• God did not take human or animal form, but was _____________ yet everywhere.
ssacirnsgunit2pit_Oc06.fm Page 69 Friday, September 23, 2005 1:50 PM
Unit 2 Pulling It Together Activity
What You Have Learned
Chapter 3 The earliest civilizations developed between the Tigris and Euphrates
rivers in Asia. Mesopotamian people developed the first written code of law.
Chapter 4 Egyptian civilization emerged in the Nile River valley of Africa.
Strong rulers turned Egypt into a rich, powerful empire.
Chapter 5 The ancient Hebrews’ beliefs helped them develop a culture that
withstood many hardships.
Think Like a Historian
Read the Unit 2 Focus Question: How do civilizations rise and fall?
Use
the organizers on this page and the next to collect information to answer
this question.
What factors contribute to the rise of civilizations? Some of them are listed in
this organizer. Review your section and chapter notes. Then complete the
organizer.
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Features and Achievements
of Mesopotamian Civilization
Factors in the Rise
of Egyptian Civilization
• favorable geography
• technology
•
•
•
•
•
•
• political order
• social order
•
•
•
•
•
•
Factors That Contribute to the Rise of Civilizations
Hebrew Influences on
Western Civilization
• monotheism
•
•
•
Unit 2 Pulling It Together Activity
69
SSAC_IRNSG.book Page 70 Tuesday, September 20, 2005 3:47 PM
Look at the second part of the Unit Focus Question. It asks about the fall of
civilizations. The organizer below gives you a part of the answer. Review your
section and chapter notes. Then fill in the rest of the organizer.
Governing/Controlling
Huge Empires
Sumer
• Each city-state had its own
government and worshiped its
___________
own __________, which led
to conflict.
Egypt
• It was hard to get so many people
to accept the ____________ of
a ruler whom they did not know and
never saw.
Kush
• Not content with ruling just
____________, and lost power
when they tried to expand
Internal Conflicts/Weakness
Sumer
• Conflict among city-states over land
ownership and ____________________
sometimes led to war.
• Lacked resources such as ______,
______, and ______
Egypt
• Some Egyptians would not bow
to certain rulers such as
__________________.
• Rival leaders were so busy fighting each
other, they did not maintain
control of __________.
Factors Contributing to the Fall of Civilizations
Death of Strong Leaders
70
Unit 2 Pulling It Together Activity
Sumer
• Barbarians from the north
____________ the last Akkadian king.
• Barbarians ____________
Ur.
Egypt
• ____________ troops
invaded Egypt in 663 B.C.
Israelites
• The northern kingdom was
conquered by the __________________
in 722 B.C.
• In the first century B.C., Judah
became part of the ________________.
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Sumer
• ____________________ of Akkad
united Sumerian city-states. When he
died, his empire weakened.
• ________________ also
united Sumer, but the kingdom fell
after his death.
• With the death of _____________,
another strong leader, Sumerian
civilization faded away.
Israel
• The Kingdom split in two after
___________ died.
External Pressures
SSAC_IRNSG.book Page 71 Tuesday, September 20, 2005 3:47 PM
Unit 3
Ancient India
What You Will Learn
Chapter 6 The Indian subcontinent’s first civilization developed in the Indus
River valley. The Indus Valley civilization eventually gave way to the IndoAryan civilization around 1500 B.C.
Chapter 7 In India, a system of beliefs and practices called Brahmanism evolved
into a religion known as Hinduism. Today, Hinduism is the major religion of
India.
Chapter 8 Followers of Buddhism spread its teachings and beliefs from India to
many areas of Asia.
Chapter 9 At about 300 B.C., India was a single empire known as the Maurya
Empire.
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All Rights Reserved.
Focus Your Learning As you study this unit and take notes, you will find the
information to answer the questions below. Answering the chapter focus
questions will help build your answer to the unit focus question.
Chapter 6 Focus Question
How were the two earliest
civilizations of ancient India
similar and different?
(page 72)
Chapter 7 Focus Question
What are the origins and
beliefs of Hinduism, and
how has it spread?
(page 83)
Unit 3 Focus Question
In what ways do earlier
civilizations help to shape
how people live today?
(page 116)
Chapter 8 Focus Question
What are the origins and beliefs
of Buddhism, and how has its
influence spread?
(page 94)
Chapter 9 Focus Question
How was India united into an
empire, and what were the
legacies of its golden age
of art and culture?
(page 105)
Unit 3
71