Proceedings of the Sixth Conference of the International Society for the Study of Argumentation I II Frans H. van Eemeren J. Anthony Blair Charles A. Willard Bart Garssen (eds.) proceedings of the sixth conference of the international society for the study of argumentation Sic Sat 2007 International Center for the Study of Argumentation III Published by: Sic Sat P.O. Box 3267 1001 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands © Sic Sat, 2007 Cover design and lay-out: Ingrid Bouws Printed in The Netherlands by Rozenberg Publishers, Amsterdam No parts of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, over any information storage and retrieval system without permission from the copyright owners. isbn 978 90 5170 916 2 IV table of contents Preface Mark Aakhus and Alena Vasilyeva Managing disagreement in multiparty deliberation 1 Don Paul Abbott Modern rhetoric and the end of argument 9 Kevin T. Baaske and Megan A. Baaske Hurricane Katrina: An argumentative analysis of race and gender issues in the media coverage of a natural and national disaster 93 Susan J. Balter-Reitz and Karen A. Stewart A perfect circle: Visual argument field and the definition of the middle class 101 107 Andrew Aberdein Virtue argumentation 15 Theodora Achourioti Fallacies and context-dependence: Considering the strategic maneuvering approach 21 Hilde van Belle When you dont have anything to prove Strategic manoeuvering and rhetorical argumentation Martin T. Adam Classes of moral agent and the art of persuasion in the Pali Nikayas 27 Lilian Bermejo Luque 113 The justification of the normative nature of argumentation theory 119 Jesús Alcolea-Banegas Visual arguments in film 35 Gregor Betz, Helen Bohse and Christian Voigt Argunet A vitual argumentation platform for rule-guided reasoning Barbara A. Biesecker Memorializing in a time of terror: A case study of public argument 123 Sarah Bigi Keywords in argumentative texts and their persuasive power 129 Frans A.J. Birrer Hidden obstructions in discussions involving conductive argumentation: Core and surface in the U.S. debate on the use of data mining techniques in the fight against terrorism 137 Habibe Aldağ and Ahmet Doğanay 43 The effects of textual and graphical-textual argumentation software as cognitive tools on development of argumentation skills Donka Alexandrova Agonistics among the wooden, democratic and monarchic discourses in contemporary Bulgaria 57 J. Francisco Álvarez The risk of arguing: From persuasion to dissuasion 65 Rodica Amel The challenging force of dissuasion 73 Bilal Amjarso Addressing anticipated countermoves as a form of strategic manoeuvring 79 Corina Andone The strategic use of antithesis in the argumentation stage of a critical discussion 87 Carol Blair, V. William Balthrop and Neil Michel 145 Arlington-sur-Seine: War commemoration and the perpetual argument from sacrifice J. Anthony Blair Investigations and the Critical Discussion Model 153 Merel Boers Irreconcilable truths: Deep disagreement in Holocaust controversies 159 V George Boger A foundational principle underlying philosophy of argument 165 Edwin Coleman Mediated fallacies 265 Åsa Brumark Argumentation at the Swedish family dinner table 169 Catherine Ann Collins Seeing is believing: The visual diary of Paul Wynne 271 Lilit Brutian Arguments in child language 179 279 Andrew J. Burgess Irony as ethical argumentation in Kierkegaard 185 Nathaniel I. Córdova Between radical democracy and civic virtue: Political piety and public moral argument 193 Robert T. Craig Arguments about dialogue in practice and theory 285 Ann E. Burnette and Wayne L. Kraemer The argumentative framework of imperial righteousness: The war discourse of George W. Bush 291 Martin Caminada The formalization of Socratic dialogue 201 Peter A. Cramer Controversy participation as a function of direct reported speech in news 207 Emmanuelle Danblon Dissuasion as a rhetorical technique of creating a general disposition to inaction 295 Damiano Canale and Giovanni Tuzet The a contrario argument: A scorekeeping model 213 Marcelo Dascal Dichotomy in debate 299 Linda Carozza A pragma-dialectical response to feminist concerns Adelino Cattani Rules of refutation and strategies of dissuasion in debate 219 Annalisa Cattani The power of irony in contemporary advertising 223 Leah Ceccarelli Creating controversy about science and technology 231 Mathieu Chaput and Milton N. Campos 235 A pragma-dialectical analysis of online political argumentation Kamila Dębowska 307 The pragma-dialectical view of relatively naturalistic discussions in a Polish and English context Chiara Degano Argumentation theory, critical discourse analysis and corpus linguistics: A case study 315 Joseph Dichy Indirect speech in Arabic rhetoric: The figure of indirect intimation, tarîd$ 323 Antoni Diller Understanding the strategy of attacking premises 331 Sara Cigada Past-oriented and future-oriented emotions in argumentation for Europe during the Fifties 241 247 Inga B. Dolinina Arguments against/pro directives: Taxonomy 337 Vanessa Cisterna Rojas Pragma-dialectical analysis of two family mediation cases in Chile 253 Marianne Doury A bottom-up approach to argument schemes: The case of comparative argument 343 Daniel H. Cohen Understanding, arguments, & explanations: Cognitive transformations & the limits of argumentation 259 Ian J. Dove On mathematical proofs and arguments: Johnson and Lakatos 347 Elisia L. Cohen Rhetoric, homeland security, and geopolitical context: A comparative argument analysis after terror strikes VI Anca Gâţă Dissociation as a way of strategic manoeuvring 441 Elaine Gelber An analysis of preschool Hebrew speaking childrens arguments from the perspective of the pragma-dialectical model 449 Michael A. Gilbert Moving stages in pragma-dialectics 455 367 375 Giovanni Gobber Some remarks on interrogativity and argumentation 461 Frans H. van Eemeren and Peter Houtlosser Seizing the occasion: Making strategic use of unexpressed premises G. C. Goddu Against making the linked-convergent distinction 465 Danielle Endres Yucca mountain will become unhappy and angry: Culture, metaphor, and argument 381 Vadim Golubev Putins terrorism discourse as part of democracy and governance debate in Russia 471 Ademar Ferreira On the role of pragmatics, rhetoric and dialectics in scientific controversies 389 479 Eveline T. Feteris A normative reconstruction of arguments from reasonableness in the justification of judicial decisions 393 G. Thomas Goodnight The duties of advocacy: Argumentation under conditions of disparity, asymmetry, and difference Jean Goodwin Actually existing rules for closing argument 489 Maurice A. Finocchiaro Metadialogues and meta-arguments: Krabbe on formal-fallacy criticism 399 Jim Gough Accepting premises and systems of belief 497 James B. Freeman Argument strength, the Toulmin model, and ampliative probability 403 Trudy Govier Duets, cartoons, and tragedies: Struggles with the fallacy of composition 505 Richard Friemann 411 Pragma-dialectics and a unified understanding of interpersonal disagreement Sara Greco Morasso The covert argumentativity of mediation: Developing argumentation through asking questions 513 Gerd Fritz Communication principles for controversies: An historical perspective 417 Miriam Greenfeld The invocation of time within argumentative discourse in an asynchronous internet environment 521 Mihai Daniel Frumuselu Linguistic and argumentative typologies of concession: An integrating approach 425 Alessandro Grilli Argumentation, keywords and worldviews 529 Leo Groarke Four theses on Toulmin and visual argument 535 Bruce E. Gronbeck Theorizing visual argumentation: Three approaches to Jacob Riis 541 M. Dufour Didactics and authority: Towards a pragma-didactical approach 353 Claudio Durán Analysis of arguments in political propaganda: The case of the Chilean press 1970-1973 359 Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen and Bert Meuffels Convergent operations in empirical ad hominem research Claudio Fuentes and Andrés Kalawski 433 Towards a pragma-dramatic approach to argumentation Bart Garssen Comparing the incomparable: Figurative analogies in a dialectical testing procedure 437 VII Gonen Hacohen Narrative and argumentation in Israel radio phone-ins 549 Dale Hample, Ben Warner and Dorian Young Framing and editing interpersonal arguments 557 Isabela Ieţcu-Fairclough Status groups or a free market of ideas? An analysis of a Romanian intellectual polemic in pragma-dialectical and critical discourse-analytical terms Kati Hannken-Illjes Undoing premises: The interrelation of argumentation and narration in criminal proceedings 569 Cornelia Ilie 667 Argument refutation through definitions and re-definitions Hans Vilhelm Hansen Mill on argumentation 575 Gerard Hauser and Virginia C. Sanprie 583 Women in combat: Arguments against military women in combat through media depictions of Jessica Lynch and Lynndie England Michael David Hazen and Sayaka Sogabe Fourcade Argument and message contextuality: A preliminary study of argument forms and processes in different cultures 591 Darrin Hicks 599 (Un)reasonable Times: Invocations of reasonableness in the New York Times 1860-2004 659 Hengameh Irandoust A pragmatic analysis of critique and evaluation 675 Sally Jackson Predicaments of politicization in the debate over abstinence-only sex education 679 Dale Jacquette Deductivism and the informal fallacies 687 Michael Janas What is the KKK: Metonymy and synecdoche in arguments about racism 693 Henrike Jansen Strategic use of reductio ad absurdum 701 705 Mika Hietanen The gospel of Matthew as an argument 607 Ralph Jessop Undesirable passions: Utopias emotionless rationality David Hitchcock Why there is no argumentum ad hominem fallacy 615 Sharon Jessop 713 Citizenship education and the teaching of argumentation in schools 621 Ralph H. Johnson Responding to objections 717 John Hoaglund Informal Logic and Pragma Dialectics 625 Charlotte Jørgensen The relevance of intention in argument evaluation 723 Hans Hoeken and Lettica Hustinx The influence of additional information on the persuasiveness of flawed arguments by analogy 729 Hanns Hohmann Legal arguments for political violence: The assassination of the Duke of Orléans (1407) 631 Mary L. Kahl An analysis of argument in George Washingtons Newburgh Address: Address to the officers of the army, March 15, 1783 639 Tomohiro Kanke Reshaping emperor Hirohitos persona: A study of fragmented arguments in multiple texts 733 Michael Hoppmann Dialectical ideal and dialectical training Jos Hornikx Cultural differences in the persuasiveness of normatively strong and normatively weak expert evidence 645 Fred J. Kauffeld Grices analysis of utterance-meaning and Ciceros Catilinarian apostrophe 739 Zornitsa Keremidchieva The argument of print: State sovereignty and the publication of U.S. congressional debates 747 Lettica Hustinx, Renske van Enschot and Hans Hoeken 651 Argument quality in the Elaboration Likelihood Model: An empirical study of strong and weak arguments in a persuasive message VIII Manfred Kienpointner Revolutionary rhetoric Georg Büchners Der Hessische Landbote (1834): A case study 753 Sheila Kindred and Hugh M. Kindred Resort to persuasive authority: The use and abuse of legal argument in political discourse 761 Susan L. Kline Displaying reasonableness: Developmental changes in two argument practices 767 Jan Albert van Laar Confrontational manoeuvring by pointing out a pragmatic inconsistency 847 Lenore Langsdorf Changing our minds: On the value of analogies for extending similitude 853 Michael Leff 859 Ad hominem argument in the Bush/Kerry Presidential Debates José Julio León Justice as argumentation Geoffrey D. Klinger 775 Arguing against the capitalist state: The rhetorical and ideological struggles of Eugene Victor Debs 867 Harm Kloosterhuis Reconstructing formal and substantive interpretative argumentation in legal decisions 779 Thomas M. Lessl 873 Scientific demarcation and metascience: The national academy of sciences on the greenhouse effect and Neo-Darwinism 881 Christian Kock The domain of rhetorical argumentation 785 Alain Létourneau A discussion of Habermas reading and use of Toulmins model of argumentation 789 Kenneth Liberman Sophistry in and as its course 889 László I. Komlósi Perelmans vision: Argumentation schemes as examples of generic conceptualization in everyday reasoning practices Elena Lisanyuk Russian political talk show: Glamour of argumentative discussion A case study 895 Takuzo Konishi Conceptualizing and evaluating dissociation from an informal logical perspective 797 Celso López The rules of critical discussion and the development of critical thinking 901 Marcin Koszowy A methodological approach to argument evaluation 803 Christoph Lumer Pragma-Dialectics and the function of argumentation 909 Erik C.W. Krabbe On how to get beyond the opening stage 809 917 Manfred Kraus From figure to argument: Contrarium in Roman rhetoric 815 Sacha Mandelcwajg and Michel Marcoccia The definition and the negotiation of the norms of discussion in newsgroups: Which communication ideal? 823 Beth Innocenti Manolescu Shaming into argumentation 925 A.J. Kreider Informal fallacies as inferences to the best explanation 827 Roberto Marafioti Argumentation in debate: The parliamentary speech in critical contexts 929 Guenther Kreuzbauer Modelling argumentation in moral and legal discourse Gábor Kutrovátz A role for dialectic in science studies 835 Tone Kvernbekk Theory and practice: A metatheoretical contribution 841 Roberto Marafioti, Zelma Dumm and María Elena Bitonte 933 Argumentation and counter-argumentation using a diaphonic appropriation in a parliamentary debate Cristina Marras and Enrico Euli A dialectic scale of refutation and dissuasion 939 IX Goreti Marreiros, Carlos Ramos and José Neves Multi-agent approach to group decision making through persuasive argumentation 945 Marijan Pavčnik The rule of law argument: Its elements and some open questions and cares 1045 Vesel Memedi The role of a third party in argumentative discourse 951 1053 Raphaël Micheli The argumentative construction of emotions: The example of indignation in pro-life rhetoric 955 Marian Pijnenburg Quote unquote: Direct quotation as a strategic manoeuvre in the confrontation stage Roosmaryn Pilgram and Leah E. Polcar Questioning the fallacy of many questions 1059 Marta Mignini Strategic maneuvering in banksannual reports 963 Christian Plantin Moving demonstrations 1065 Gordon R. Mitchell Ehningers argument violin 969 1073 Dima A.M. Mohammed Towards a pragma-dialectical approach to negotiation 975 H. José Plug Evaluating attacks on the credibility of politicians in political debates 983 Leah E. Polcar Question reply argumentation reconsidered: A pragma-dialectical account of how questions and answers are used in critical discussion 1079 Jeremy Morris Pragmatic reflexivity in self-defeating and self-justifying expressions Nele Nivelle and William van Belle The use of counterfactual conditionals expressing causation in legal discourse 989 Pierre-Yves Raccah Points of view and argumentation: Semantics as an empirical science 1085 Daniel J. OKeefe Normatively responsible advocacy: Some provocations from persuasion effects research 997 Miruna Radu and Claude Chabrol Social comparison strategies: Encouraging or dangerous encounter? Efficacy beliefs and buying behaviour intentions 1095 Karen Rasmussen Warranting spiritual reclamation in Chicana literature 1099 Angela G. Ray Arguments for popular audiences: Early U.S. womans rights advocacy in the Lyceum Lectures of Elizabeth Oakes Smith 1107 M. A. van Rees Dissociation: Between rhetorical success and dialectical soundness 1113 Anna Carolina Regner The polemical interaction between Darwin and Mivart: A lesson on refuting objections 1119 Hiroko Okuda 1003 Prime Minister Moris controversial divine nation remarks: A case study of Japanese political communication strategies Fabio Paglieri and Cristiano Castelfranchi Belief and acceptance in argumentation: Towards an epistemological taxonomy of the uses of argument 1011 Vincenzo Pallotta Framing arguments in meeting discussions 1019 Edward Panetta Obscuring the facts: The Bush administration and the politicization of science in the Greenhouse Debate. 1025 Georgios Papagounos and Manolis Polychronides On relevance 1033 Donn W. Parson and George Ziegelmueller Rhetorical irony: Problems and possibilities 1039 X Martin Reisigl 1127 The dynamics of right-wing populist argumentation in Austria Pedro Reygadas and Josefina Guzman Visual schematization: Advertising and gender in Mexico 1135 John E. Richardson, Chris Blackmore and Albert Atkin 1141 Arguing with Asperger Syndrome John Rief 1147 Talking at cross purposes: Violating higher-order conditions with oppositional arguments Eddo Rigotti Can classical topics be revived within the contemporary theory of argumentation? 1155 Susan A. Sci Aesthetic reason: Expanding the role of argumentation & deliberation within aesthetic theory 1241 Ludmila Selemeneva The role of ethical values in political argument: A case study of a 1934 symposium on communism 1249 Marita Seppänen The quality of argumentation in masters theses 1257 Patricia Riley, Thomas Hollihan and James F. Klumpp 1165 On taking the UN seriously as a site for public arguments: Does the UN have a role in the 21st century? Michael J. Shaffer 1265 The ad verecundiam fallacy and appeals to expert testimony M. Louise Ripley The ad as argument 1173 M. Siderits Contradiction in Madhyamaka Buddhist argumentation 1271 Juho Ritola On justified belief in the link of an argument 1181 Harvey Siegel and John Biro Rationality, reasonableness, and critical rationalism: Problems with the pragma-dialectical view 1277 Andrea Rocci Modality and its conversational backgrounds in the reconstruction of argumentation 1185 Anders Sigrell The normativity of the progymnasmata exercises 1285 Robert C. Rowland Purpose, argument fields, and theoretical justification 1195 Virgílio Afonso da Silva Legal argumentation, constitutional interpretation, and presumption of constitutionality 1291 Christina Slade Tolerance and relativism: The case of pillarization 1295 Lambèr Royakkers and Bart van Klink 1203 Equality in utilitarian reasoning Or: How useful is the pragma-dialectical approach as an analytical and critical tool? Sara Rubinelli, Kent Nakamoto and Peter J. Schultz 1211 Reading direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription medicine: A qualitative study from argumentation theory on its dialectical and rhetorical features Mirela Saim Reforming the Jews, rejecting marginalization: The 1799 German debate on Jewish emancipation in its controversy context 1217 Margareth Sandvik The rhetoric of emotions in political argumentation 1223 Cristián Santibáñez Yáñez Sayings in political discourse: Argumentative and rhetorical uses Janice Schuetz A typology of arguments in U.S. judicial opinions about immigration Alla V. Smirnova 1305 Why do journalists quote other people, or on the functions of reported speech in argumentative newspaper discourse A. Francisca Snoeck Henkemans Manoeuvring strategically with rhetorical questions 1309 Linda Söderlindh Shocking Truth? Persuasion through visual arguments and scare tactics in a non-smoking campaign 1315 1227 Ester orm, Rian Timmers and Peter Jan Schellens Determining laymen criteria: Evaluating methods 1321 1233 Tim Steffensmeier Arguments across symbolic forms: An analysis of presidential popularity 1329 XI Kevin A. Stein, Suzanne Larson and Lionel A. Grady 1337 Antapologia arguments during the hurricane Katrina disaster Jean Wagemans 1433 Dialectical and rhetorical dimensions of strategic manoeuvring Takeshi Suzuki A fantasy theme analysis of prime minister Koizumis structural reform without sacred cows 1345 Douglas Walton and Chris Reed Evaluating corroborative evidence 1439 1353 Kristine Warrenburg Aesthetic argument: Moving beyond logic 1447 Stefano Tardini Argumentum: An e-course for learning argumentation by arguing 1359 Harry Weger, Jr. and Samantha R. Duke Attachment style and verbal aggressiveness in arguments between intimates 1455 Christopher W. Tindale Textual allusion as rhetorical argumentation: Gorgias, Plato and Isocrates Jack Russell Weinstein Adam Smiths ad hominem: Eighteenth century insight regarding the role of character in argument 1461 Taeda Tomic 1365 Communicative freedom and evaluation of argumentative strategies Karen Tracy How newspaper coverage transforms policy issues into character matters: Debate about a school districts test scores Mark Weinstein Epistemology and the reach of argument theory 1467 Simon Wells Cumulativeness in dialectical games 1475 Andreas Welzel and Christopher Tindale Fallacies as violations of rationality norms: an interdisciplinary approach 1483 1373 Tatyana P. Tretyakova 1381 Polyphony of interpretations in providing argumentation in modern media text Assimakis Tseronis The management of the burden of proof and its implications for the analysis of qualified standpoints: The case of evaluative adverbials 1387 Leire Urbieta and Begoña Carrascal Circular arguments analysis 1395 Charles Arthur Willard, Joy Hart, and Shirley Willihnganz 1491 Using the Goodman/Schwed model to analyze artistic arguments Jeffrey VanCleave 1401 The role of argument in political advocacy and the power of the enthymeme: A case study of the NSA terrorist surveillance program debate Lev G. Vasilyev Understanding argument: The sign nature of argumentative functions 1407 Luis Vega and Paula Olmos Enthymemes: The starting of a new life 1411 Ana María Vicuña Navarro An ideal of reasonableness for a moral community 1419 Ron Von Burg Cinematic arguments: The efficacy of The Day After Tomorrow in public arguments on global warming 1425 XII David Cratis Williams and Marilyn J. Young 1495 Argumentation and education: Preparing citizens in cultures of democratic communication Carol Winkler Encroachments on state sovereignty: The argumentation strategies of the George W. Bush administration 1503 Harald Wohlrapp Who is afraid of emotion in argument? 1509 Patti Wojahn and Clint Lanier 1515 Argument and disciplinary expertise: Identifying and adopting persuasive devices across disciplines Simon Wolf The system of argumentation forms in Aristotle 1525 John Woods The criminal abduction paradox 1535 Minghui Xiong and Yi Zhao A defeasible pragma-dialectical model of argumentation Yadvigha Yaskevich Moral and legal arguments in modern bioethics 1541 Yadvigha Yaskevich Moral and legal arguments in modern bioethics 1549 Igor Ž. Žagar 1553 Arguing from large corpora: Some epistemological and methodological dilemmas Experimental study aimed at quantifying political argumentation Tomasz Zarębski When am I defeated in argumentation? In search of rationality of philosophical arguments 1559 David Zarefsky The U.S. and the world: The unexpressed premises of American exceptionalism 1567 Gábor Á. Zemplén Utilising pragma-dialectics for the study of scientific controversies: The published part of the Newton-Lucas correspondence, a case study from the 1670s 1573 Frank Zenker Changes in conduct-rules and Ten Commandments Pragma-Dialectics 1984 vs. 2004 1581 XIII XIV preface The Sixth Conference of the International Society for the Study of Argumentation (ISSA), held in Amsterdam in June 2006, drew more submissions for presentations than any ISSA Conference before. After a strict selection procedure, 300 scholars were invited to present their papers at the Conference. In addition, the Conference attracted some 200 interested colleagues and students who just wanted to attend the presentations and take part in the discussions. All in all, 500 people interested in argumentation assembled in Amsterdam to present papers and exchange views. The 2006 ISSA Conference was, like previous ones, an international meeting place for argumentation scholars from a great variety of academic backgrounds and traditions, representing a wide range of academic disciplines and approaches: speech communication, logic (formal and informal), rhetoric (classical and modern), philosophy, linguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics, law, political sciences, psychology, education, religious studies, and artificial intelligence. Besides philosophical papers dealing with argumentation and epistemology, there are, for instance, theoretical papers about meta-dialogues and strategic manoeuvring in argumentative discourse, empirical papers about argumentation and persuasion, and papers dealing with argumentative practices in law, politics and religion. There are also a number of case studies, papers about argumentation and education and the teaching of argumentation, and papers about specific topics such as Buddhist argumentation. Among the general topics that are treated are, as always, the fallacies, and increasingly popular argumentation and artificial intelligence. In the opinion of the editors, the Proceedings of the Sixth ISSA Conference fully reflect the current richness of the discipline. More than two thirds of the papers presented at the Conference are included in the Proceedings. Some of the papers presented at the Conference were not offered for publication in the Proceedings and after the papers that were submitted had been reviewed meticulously some papers were not accepted. The editors decided to publish only those papers that met their quality standards. Some papers have been revised on the basis of the reviewers comments. The Proceedings of the Conference are again published by Sic Sat. The 2006 Proceedings are published in two volumes. In addition to the hard copy publication, a CD ROM version is also available. For the readers convenience, in the Proceedings the papers are arranged in the alphabetical order of the authors surnames. The three ISSA board member remaining after Rob Grootendorsts death are joined as Proceedings editors by Bart Garssen, who was also actively engaged in organising the Conference. Frans H. van Eemeren and Bart Garssen took care of the practical details of the editorial process. As in the past, the editors were greatly helped by a large international team of experienced reviewers, who must remain anonymous. Their evaluations and constructive suggestions have enhanced the quality of these Proceedings, and the editors are grateful to them. In addition, we received invaluable assistance in preparing the Proceedings from the members of the Department of Speech Communication, Argumentation Theory and Rhetoric of the Universiteit van Amsterdam and from other members of the research group Argumentation in Discourse of the Amsterdam School for Cultural Analysis (ASCA). We thank all these argumentation theorists for their help in getting the manuscripts ready for publication. Last but not least, we would like to thank our publisher friends Auke van den Berg and Ingrid Bouws for their careful work in producing these Proceedings. For their support of the conference, the editors would like to express their gratitude to the Board of the University of Amsterdam, the Faculty of Humanities, the Amsterdam University Association (AUV), the City of Amsterdam, Springer Publishing House, John Benjamins Publishing Company and the International Centre for the Study of Argumentation (Sic Sat) in Amsterdam. For financial support of these Proceedings they are grateful to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), the Dutch-Belgian Speech Communication Association (VIOT), the Amsterdam School for Cultural Analysis (ASCA), and, again, the International Center for the Study of Argumentation and Speech Communication (Sic Sat). March 2007 Frans H. van Eemeren, Universiteit van Amsterdam J. Anthony Blair, University of Windsor Charles A. Willard, University of Louisville Bart Garssen Universiteit van Amsterdam XV XVI
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