SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE and the I.N.A
STD 10
1.State reasons for the rise of Socialism.
The economic depression which engulfed the capitalist countries in 1929
made no impact on Socialist Russia, This popularized the Socialist ideas
throughout the world.
Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru pleaded with the Congress to adopt socialism as the
goal of the Congress at its Lucknow session in 1936.
2.Name two prominent Socialist Leaders of the Indian National Congress.
1) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru.
2) Subhas Chandra Bose.
3.Why did Pt. Nehru plead to adopt Socialism as the goal of the Congress at
the Lucknow Session of the Congress in 1936.
At the Lucknow Session of the Congress in 1936. Pt. Nehru pleaded to adopt
socialism as the goal of the Congress so as to enlist the support of peasants
and urban working class and to shift the focus of the masses away from
communalism.
4.State the differences that Subhas C. Bose had with Gandhiji?
1. Subhas Chandra Bose favoured the policy of large-scale industrialisation.
On the other hand, Gandhiji favoured the idea of small scale industries to
make the villages self-sufficient.
2. Bose favoured using tact and diplomacy while dealing with his
opponents. He could not appreciate the openness with which Gandhiji
spoke putting forward his demands at the time of the Second Session of
the Round Table Conference in London.
3. The Tripuri Session of the Congress in 1938 saw the widening of the gulf
between the two wings of the Congress Party. The radicals led by Bose
wanted the Congress to help the people of the Princely States in their
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struggle for freedom. Whereas Gandhiji criticized their demand.
4. As Britain started facing difficulties in Europe because of the German
threat Gandhiji wanted to adopt a compromising attitude towards the
British and he was opposed to any national struggle during the war. Bose
wanted to take advantage of the difficulties faced by the British.
5a. State the reason for there being a rift in the Congress.
At the Haripura Session of the Congress in 1939. Gandhiji tried to dissuade
Sussbhas Chandra Bose from standing for re-election as President of the
Congress for a second term. Bose, however, decided to contest and gandhiji’s
choice fell upon Pattabhi Sitaramayya for the presidential candidate. He put his
full weight in his nominee’s favour during the contest. Subhas. C. Bose won by
a majority of votes. Gandhiji declared that the defeat of Subhas. C. Bose’s rival
was his (Gandhiji’s) own defeat. As a consequence, 13 members of the
Congress Working Committee resigned.
5b.What was the outcome?
A request was made to the President to nominate a Working Committee
according to the wishes of Gandhiji. Majority of the delegates who had
supported Bose reconfirmed their confidence in the Leadership of Gandhiji.
This created a deadlock between Bose and Gandhiji. The Gandhi wing began
to oppose the President to make it impossible for him to function. Bose
resigned from the presidentship of the Congress on April 29, 1939.
6a.Name the Party formed by S.C. Bose in May 1939.
Bose felt the urgent need for an organized left-wing party in the Congress.
After resigning from the Presidentship of the Congress in 1939, he laid the
foundation of a radical party within the Congress, to bring the entire left
wing under one banner. This party, known as Forward Bloc, was formed on
May 3, 1939.
6b.What was to immediate objective?
Forward Bloc's immediate objective was liberation of India with the support
of workers, peasants, youths and all radical organisations.
After attaining independence. Forward Bloc would work for the establishment
of a Socialist State through;
i) reorganisation of agriculture and industry on socialist lines;
ii) abolition of the Zamindari system; and
iii) introduction of a new monetary and credit system.
7.Why did Rash Bihari Bose organize the Indian Independence League?
Indians, living in territories captured by Japan, organised themselves into
associations with the objective of contributing to the liberation of India and
serving the interests of the overseas Indians during the critical period. Out
of these associations was born the idea of an Indian Independence League.
A definite shape was given to this idea by the Indian revolutionary, Rash
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Bihari Bose who lived in Singapore after escaping from India.
8.Name the leader who conceived the idea of the Indian National Army (INA)
The idea of the Indian National Army (INA) was conceived in Malaya by
Mohan Singh an Indian officer in the British Indian Army.
9.What decisions were taken at the Tokyo Conference?
i) To expand and strengthen the Indian Independence League.
ii) To form under the overall command of the League an Indian National
Army(INA} i.e. an army for Indian liberation.
10.When did the second phase of the INA begin.
The second phase of the INA began when Subhas Chandra Bose arrived at
Singapore by German and Japanese submarines he officially took charge of
the Indian Independence League.
12(a) Where did he set up the INA headquarters?
Subhas Chandra Bose set up INA headquarters in Yangon and in
Singapore.
13. State I.N.A.'s victories in South East Asia.
The INA along with the Japanese army overran many territories in SouthEast Asia.
They advance up to the frontier of India.
They captured he strong
military post of Klang Klang
. The INA gave a tough fight to the British forces
in the Assam hills and succeeded in capturing Ukhral and Kohima.
Theyraised the Tricolour Flag for the first time on the liberated Indian soil in
1944.
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