‫ ﻧﺎﺷﺮ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﮐﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮊﻭﺭﻧﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬- ‫ﺳﯿﻮﯾﻠﯿﮑﺎ‬
‫ﮔﻮﺍﻫﯽ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﯿﻮﯾﻠﯿﮑﺎ‬
www.CIVILICA.com
:‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬
Review of piscine diplomonad flagellate Spironucleus spp.: updating and new
insight into S. salmonis
:‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
(1387:‫ﺍﻭﻟﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺑﯿﻤﺎﺭﯾﻬﺎﯼ ﺁﺑﺰﯾﺎﻥ )ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬۱ :‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬
:‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬
Mohammad Reza Saghari Fard - Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland
Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Department of Molecular
Sarah L. Poynton - Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Broadway
Research Building, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
:‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬
Objective: Aquaculture is a crucial element of food supply worldwide, and aquatic
production needs to be doubled in the next ۵۰ years, to meet this demand. A big
challenge facing aquaculture is diseases including those caused by parasites.
Pathogenic intestinal protozoans, including diplomonads, are responsible for
clinically important infections in fish worldwide. Diplomonads have been reported
from wild, farmed and aquarium fishes in cold, temperate and warm waters. They
have been found in various fish families mostly from cyprinids, cichlids, salmonids,
and gadids in North America, Europe and Asia. However, characterization, life
cycle/transmission, and pathogenecity remain poorly understood. Method &
Materials: A key element of effective monitoring the infections is the accurate
identification of parasites. Early studies used light microscopy is recognized as
being inadequate to distinguish genera and species of diplomonads. A combination
of electron microscopy (SEM & TEM) used for further characters of taxonomic value
at the species level, such as surface adornments, cytoskeleton, and cytoplasmic
organelles. These approaches are improved by sequence of the SSU rRNA gene. We
established cultures where we observed novel life cycle stages. A quantitative
pathology study was conducted by sectioning the pyloric region and liver, and
staining with H&E and PAS/AB. Results & Conclusion: We recognized that piscine
diplomonads belong to the genus Spironucleus and not Hexamita as reported
earlier. SEM showed an unadorned cell surface, with caudal projection; TEM showed
new functional morphology, and multi-lobed apices of the nuclei; the SSU rRNA
gene showed S. salmonis is a sister taxon to S. vortens. The direct life cycle of
diplomonads means they can become a problem in aquaculture, since high stocking
densities allow rapid transmission of parasites directly from fish to fish. We
observed trophozoites attached by the tip of posterior flagella to debris/posterior
flagella of other trophozoites, and colonies formed, which would ensure
simultaneous ingestion of numerous cysts, presumably exceeding the minimum
infective dose for initiating infections. We suggest transmission can be targeted for
treatment, by inhibition of attachment, and mechanical/chemical disruption of
adhesive colonies. In pathology view, there was significant hypertrophy by goblet
page 1 / 2
‫ ﻧﺎﺷﺮ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﮐﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﮊﻭﺭﻧﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬- ‫ﺳﯿﻮﯾﻠﯿﮑﺎ‬
‫ﮔﻮﺍﻫﯽ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﯿﻮﯾﻠﯿﮑﺎ‬
www.CIVILICA.com
cells in pyloric region of intestine. This new data suggests that hyper-production of
mucus in infected fish is not due to goblet cell hyperplasia, but is primarily due to
hypertrophy/increased release of mucus by goblet cells. These alterations in
enterocytes and goblet cells may decrease nutrient absorption and underlie
impaired growth in infected fish.
:‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﮐﻠﯿﺪﯼ‬
diplomonad, flagellate, Spironucleus, SEM & TEM, pathology, life cycle, transmission
:‫ﻟﯿﻨﮏ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎﻩ ﺳﯿﻮﯾﻠﯿﮑﺎ‬
http://www.civilica.com/Paper-ICAAHMD01-ICAAHMD01_039.html
‫ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪﯾﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩﯼ ﺳﯿﻮﯾﻠﯿﮑﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﺍﺻﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﯿﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻟﯿﻨﮏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺁﻧﻼﯾﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬
.‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬
page 2 / 2
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)