Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon INTRODUCTION TO THE AIMS TEACHING MODULE (ATM) Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Organization and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 INTRODUCING ADVENTURES IN SPACE: JOURNEY TO THE MOON Themes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 PREPARATION FOR VIEWING Introduction to the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Introduction to Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Discussion Ideas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Focus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Jump Right In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 AFTER VIEWING THE PROGRAM Suggested Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Checking Comprehension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Space Timeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Projects Mercury, Gemini, Apollo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 The Soviet Space Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 The U.S. Space Program Since Apollo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Checking Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3 SECTION 4 ADDITIONAL AIMS MULTIMEDIA PROGRAMS . . . . . . . . . .29 ANSWER KEYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 1 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia All Rights Reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted without written permission of AIMS Multimedia with these exceptions: Persons or schools purchasing this AIMS Teaching Module may reproduce consumable ATM pages, identified in Section 4, for student or classroom use. AIMS Multimedia is a leading producer and distributor of educational programs serving schools and libraries for nearly 40 years. AIMS draws upon the most up-to-date knowledge, existing and emerging technologies, and all of the instructional and pedagogical resources available to develop and distribute educational programs in film, videocassette, laserdisc, CD-ROM and CD-i formats. Persons or schools interested in obtaining additional copies of this AIMS Teaching Module, please contact: AIMS Multimedia 1-800-FOR-AIMS 1-800-367-2467 2 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Congratulations! You have chosen a learning program that will actively motivate your students AND provide you with easily accessible and easily manageable instructional guidelines designed to make your teaching role efficient and rewarding. The AIMS Teaching Module provides you with a video program keyed to your classroom curriculum, instructions and guidelines for use, plus a comprehensive teaching program containing a wide range of activities and ideas for interaction between all content areas. Our authors, educators, and consultants have written and reviewed the AIMS Teaching Modules to align with the Educate America Act: Goals 2000. This ATM, with its clear definition of manageability, both in the classroom and beyond, allows you to tailor specific activities to meet all of your classroom needs. 3 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia RATIONALE In today’s classrooms, educational pedagogy is often founded on Benjamin S. Bloom’s “Six Levels of Cognitive Complexity.” The practical application of Bloom’s Taxonomy is to evaluate students’ thinking skills on these levels, from the simple to the complex: Knowledge (rote memory skills), Comprehension (the ability to relate or retell), Application (the ability to apply knowledge outside its origin), Analysis (relating and differentiating parts of a whole), Synthesis (relating parts to a whole), and Evaluation (making a judgment or formulating an opinion). The AIMS Teaching Module is designed to facilitate these intellectual capabilities, AND to integrate classroom experiences and assimilation of learning with the students’ life experiences, realities, and expectations. AIMS’ learner verification studies prove that our AIMS Teaching Modules help students to absorb, retain, and to demonstrate ability to use new knowledge in their world. Our educational materials are written and designed for today’s classroom, which incorporates a wide range of intellectual, cultural, physical, and emotional diversities. 4 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT To facilitate ease in classroom manageability, the AIMS Teaching Module is organized in four sections. You are reading Section 1, Introduction to the Aims Teaching Module (ATM). SECTION 2, INTRODUCING THIS ATM will give you the specific information you need to integrate the program into your classroom curriculum. SECTION 3, PREPARATION FOR VIEWING provides suggestions and strategies for motivation, language preparedness, readiness, and focus prior to viewing the program with your students. SECTION 4, AFTER VIEWING THE PROGRAM provides suggestions for additional activities plus an assortment of consumable assessment and extended activities, designed to broaden comprehension of the topic and to make connections to other curriculum content areas. 5 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia FEATURES INTRODUCING EACH ATM SECTION 2 Your AIMS Teaching Module is designed to accompany a video program written and produced by some of the world’s most credible and creative writers and producers of educational programming. To facilitate diversity and flexibility in your classroom, your AIMS Teaching Module features these components: Themes The Major Theme tells how this AIMS Teaching Module is keyed into the curriculum. Related Themes offer suggestions for interaction with other curriculum content areas, enabling teachers to use the teaching module to incorporate the topic into a variety of learning areas. Overview The Overview provides a synopsis of content covered in the video program. Its purpose is to give you a summary of the subject matter and to enhance your introductory preparation. Objectives The ATM learning objectives provide guidelines for teachers to assess what learners can be expected to gain from each program. After completion of the AIMS Teaching Module, your students will be able to demonstrate dynamic and applied comprehension of the topic. 6 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia PREPARATION FOR VIEWING Discussion Ideas SECTION 3 Introduction to the Program is designed to enable students to recall or relate prior knowledge about the topic and to prepare them for what they are about to learn. Discussion Ideas are designed to help you assess students’ prior knowledge about the topic and to give students a preview of what they will learn. Active discussion stimulates interest in a subject and can motivate even the most reluctant learner. Listening, as well as speaking, is active participation. Encourage your students to participate at the rate they feel comfortable. Model sharing personal experiences when applicable, and model listening to students’ ideas and opinions. Introduction To Vocabulary Focus Introduction to Vocabulary is a review of language used in the program: words, phrases, usage. This vocabulary introduction is designed to ensure that all learners, including limited English proficiency learners, will have full understanding of the language usage in the content of the program. Help learners set a purpose for watching the program with Focus, designed to give students a focal point for comprehension continuity. In preparation for viewing the video program, the AIMS Teaching Module offers activity and/or discussion ideas that you may use in any order or combination. Introduction To The Program AFTER VIEWING THE PROGRAM SECTION 4 After your students have viewed the program, you may introduce any or all of these activities to interact with other curriculum content areas, provide reinforcement, assess comprehension skills, or provide hands-on and in-depth extended study of the topic. Jump Right In Jump Right In provides abbreviated instructions for quick management of the program. 7 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES The Suggested Activities offer ideas for activities you can direct in the classroom or have your students complete independently, in pairs, or in small work groups after they have viewed the program. To accommodate your range of classroom needs, the activities are organized into skills categories. Their labels will tell you how to identify each activity and help you correlate it into your classroom curriculum. To help you schedule your classroom lesson time, the AIMS hourglass gives you an estimate of the time each activity should require. Some of the activities fall into these categories: Meeting Individual Needs These activities are designed to aid in classroom continuity. Reluctant learners and learners acquiring English will benefit from these activities geared to enhance comprehension of language in order to fully grasp content meaning. M A TH Curriculum Connections Critical Thinking Critical Thinking activities are designed to stimulate learners’ own opinions and ideas. These activities require students to use the thinking process to discern fact from opinion, consider their own problems and formulate possible solutions, draw conclusions, discuss cause and effect, or combine what they already know with what they have learned to make inferences. Cultural Diversity Each AIMS Teaching Module has an activity called Cultural Awareness, Cultural Diversity, or Cultural Exchange that encourages students to share their backgrounds, cultures, heritage, or knowledge of other countries, customs, and language. Hands On These are experimental or tactile activities that relate directly to the material taught in the program.Your students will have opportunities to make discoveries and formulate ideas on their own, based on what they learn in this unit. Writing Many of the suggested activities are intended to integrate the content of the ATM program into other content areas of the classroom curriculum. These cross-connections turn the classroom teaching experience into a whole learning experience. Every AIMS Teaching Module will contain an activity designed for students to use the writing process to express their ideas about what they have learned. The writing activity may also help them to make the connection between what they are learning in this unit and how it applies to other content areas. 8 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia In The Newsroom Each AIMS Teaching Module contains a newsroom activity designed to help students make the relationship between what they learn in the classroom and how it applies in their world. The purpose of In The Newsroom is to actively involve each class member in a whole learning experience. Each student will have an opportunity to perform all of the tasks involved in production: writing, researching, producing, directing, and interviewing as they create their own classroom news program. Extended Activities These activities provide opportunities for students to work separately or together to conduct further research, explore answers to their own questions, or apply what they have learned to other media or content areas. Link to the World These activities offer ideas for connecting learners’ classroom activities to their community and the rest of the world. Culminating Activity To wrap up the unit, AIMS Teaching Modules offer suggestions for ways to reinforce what students have learned and how they can use their new knowledge to enhance their world view. VOCABULARY Every ATM contains an activity that reinforces the meaning and usage of the vocabulary words introduced in the program content. Students will either read or find the definition of each vocabulary word, then use the word in a written sentence. CHECKING COMPREHENSION Checking Comprehension is designed to help you evaluate how well your students understand, retain, and recall the information presented in the AIMS Teaching Module. Depending on your students’ needs, you may direct this activity to the whole group yourself, or you may want to have students work on the activity page independently, in pairs, or in small groups. Students can verify their written answers through discussion or by viewing the video a second time. If you choose, you can reproduce the answers from your Answer Key or write the answer choices in a Word Bank for students to use. Students can use this completed activity as a study guide to prepare for the test. CONSUMABLE ACTIVITIES The AIMS Teaching Module provides a selection of consumable activities, designed to specifically reinforce the content of this learning unit. Whenever applicable, they are arranged in order from low to high difficulty level, to allow a seamless facilitation of the learning process. You may choose to have students take these activities home or to work on them in the classroom independently, in pairs or in small groups. TEST The AIMS Teaching Module Test permits you to assess students’ understanding of what they have learned. The test is formatted in one of several standard test formats to give your students a range of experiences in test-taking techniques. Be sure to read, or remind students to read, the directions carefully and to read each answer choice before making a selection. Use the Answer Key to check their answers. CHECKING VOCABULARY The Checking Vocabulary activity provides the opportunity for students to assess their knowledge of new vocabulary with this word game or puzzle. The format of this vocabulary activity allows students to use the related words and phrases in a different context. 9 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia ADDITIONAL AIMS MULTIMEDIA PROGRAMS After you have completed this AIMS Teaching Module you may be interested in more of the programs that AIMS offers. This list includes several related AIMS programs. ADDITIONAL READING SUGGESTIONS AIMS offers a carefully researched list of other resources that you and your students may find rewarding. ANSWER KEY Reproduces tests and work pages with answers marked. 10 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon THEMES The major themes in Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon are technology and change, systems and how they work, and energy. Related themes include cause-and-effect relationships and the interrelationship of parts to a whole and a whole to its parts. OVERVIEW This program documents the history of America’s journey to the moon, from initial dream to final reality. It shows early research into rocket flight and explains how German rocket scientists came to the United States after World War II to work in our nation’s fledgling space program. OBJECTIVES To explain the history of the U.S. space program that culminated in landing an astronaut on the moon. The Soviet Union’s launch of Sputnik 1 in October 1957 suddenly made U.S. efforts to reach space much more important. Four months later (January 31, 1958), the United States launched its first artificial satellite. The space race had begun. To show what the first (World War II era) rockets looked like. To examine the space rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union that began with the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957. In the early 1960s, NASA’s first manned space program, Project Mercury, succeeded in putting astronauts into orbit around Earth. President Kennedy vowed that the United States would send an astronaut to the moon by the end of the decade. To understand the role of the Mercury project, the Gemini project, and the Apollo project in placing an astronaut on the moon. To understand the how the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project signified the end of the space race. NASA’s Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space missions led ultimately to the final goal, when in July 1969 Apollo 11 put the first astronaut on the moon’s surface. Finally, footage of the last Apollo flight, a fitting end to the 25-year-old U.S.-Soviet space rivalry, shows American and Soviet spacecraft linked together. For two days in 1975 American and Soviet crews of Apollo and Soyuz orbited the Earth together. 11 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Use this page for your individual notes about planning and/or effective ways to manage this AIMS Teaching Module in your classroom. Our AIMS Multimedia Educational Department welcomes your observations and comments. Please feel free to address your correspondence to: AIMS Multimedia Editorial Department 9710 DeSoto Avenue Chatsworth, California 91311-4409 12 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon INTRODUCTION TO THE PROGRAM INTRODUCTION TO VOCABULARY To prepare students for Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon, ask volunteers to explain what they know about rocket flight. Let any volunteers who have built and flown model rockets explain to the class what is involved. To ensure that all students understand basic vocabulary used in Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon, review some of its language, especially the more scientific terms: satellite, rocket, missile, orbit, outer space, Earth’s atmosphere. Assuming a nation has no rockets to begin with, let students list on the board some of the stages of rocket development they think would be necessary to send a manned rocket to the moon. For students learning English, you may want to show pictures from textbooks of some of these concepts. You may also want to discuss more advanced rocketry terms, such as V-2 rocket, Sputnik, Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, NASA, Vostok, Soyuz. DISCUSSION IDEAS Lead students in a discussion of the space race. What event was the catalyst for the space race? List ideas on the board. FOCUS Before viewing the program, have students jot down several questions they have about the U.S. space program that led to putting an astronaut on the moon. Encourage them to formulate answers to these questions based on what they learn in Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon. Have them also think about the stages of rocket development that they earlier listed on the board. As they view the program, have them jot down additional ideas to add to this list. If, after viewing the program, students have additional questions or ideas or their questions were not answered, encourage them to find the answers to these on their own and share their findings with the class. Have volunteers answer additional questions about the space program: What was the first nation to put a man into space? into orbit around Earth? on the moon? 13 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon JUMP RIGHT IN Preparation Read Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Themes, Overview, and Objectives to become familiar with program content and expectations. Viewing ADVENTURES IN SPACE: JOURNEY TO THE MOON After Viewing ADVENTURES IN SPACE: JOURNEY TO THE MOON Set up viewing monitor so that all students have a clear view. Depending on your classroom size and learning range, you may choose to have students view Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon together or in small groups. Use Preparation for Viewing suggestions to introduce the topic to students. Some students may benefit from viewing the video more than one time. Select Suggested Activities that integrate into your classroom curriculum. If applicable, gather materials or resources. Choose the best way for students to work on each activity. Some activities work best for the whole group. Other activities are designed for students to work independently, in pairs, or in small groups. Whenever possible, encourage students to share their work with the rest of the group. Duplicate the appropriate number of Vocabulary, Checking Comprehension, and consumable activity pages for your students. You may choose to have students take consumable activities home, or complete them in the classroom, independently, or in groups. Administer the Test to assess students’ comprehension of what they have learned, and to provide them with practice in test-taking procedures. Use the Culminating Activity as a forum for students to display, summarize, extend, or share what they have learned with each other, the rest of the school, or a local community organization. 14 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES Cultural Awareness Have students investigate the Soviet space program. Their research should answer the following questions: What is the Soviet space program like today? Does the Soviet Union still exist? What happened to it? What nation monitors the Soviet space program today? What kind of financial health is the space program in? What is the state of scientific research? 45 Minutes Meeting Individual Needs Have pairs of students work together to draw a sketch or poster of the inside or outside of a Mercury, Gemini, or Apollo spacecraft. Have students use dictionaries as necessary to label the sketch or poster. Writing Have students conduct research and then write about how a person becomes an astronaut. What kinds of classes would a future astronaut need to take in high school? college? What special training is required? Have physical requirements changed as the space program has changed? If so, how? 30 Minutes Hands-on Activity Have interested students work individually or in groups to build a model of one of the spacecraft featured in this program. They can use modeling clay, cardboard, balsa wood, or any other materials that seem appropriate. Display the finished models. Allow the builders to describe the features of their model to the class. 1 Hour Extended Activity Have students watch the movie Apollo 13 and then prepare a brief report about the movie for the class. What major problems were encountered on this mission? How were the problems solved? 2 Hours In the Newsroom Have students prepare a radio or television news broadcast about one of the Mercury, Gemini, or Apollo missions featured in this program. Students will need to write and deliver a broadcast that captures the excitement and factual details of the mission. They may want to create some graphics to enhance the presentation. 1 Hour 15 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Link to the World In 1997, NASA’s Galileo space probe may have found evidence of liquid water—and possible life—on Jupiter’s moon Europa. Have students read newspaper or magazine accounts of this discovery. Then have them explain why liquid water and the heat to keep it liquid may indicate possible life. Do students think that life exists on Jupiter? Why or why not? 40 Minutes Connection to Health and Nutrition Many items developed for the space program have beneficial uses in other areas, too. Have students research how items developed for the space program have benefited cancer research, hospital delivery, pollution control, fire fighting, athletic shoes, or some other area they are interested in. HE AL TH AN D NU TR ITI ON 30 Minutes Critical Thinking Have students think about how the U.S. space program might have been different if the Soviet Union had not launched Sputnik 1. Do students think the United States would have put a man on the moon in 1969? Why or why not? How else might the U.S. space program have been different? Remind students to use good supporting details to substantiate their ideas. 30 Minutes Connection to History HI ST OR Y Have students investigate what happened to the U.S. space program after Project Apollo. They may want to focus their investigation on one specific project, such as Skylab, the Hubble space telescope, Pioneer 10, Voyager, Mariner 10, Galileo, the space shuttle, or space lab. 30 Minutes Culminating Activity Arrange the class into three groups. Have each group investigate in depth one space project (either Mercury, Gemini, or Apollo) and prepare a report with posters or charts about their findings. Have groups present their reports in sequence. 1 Hour 16 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name VOCABULARY The vocabulary words below are from Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon. Use each word below in a sentence that shows you understand what it has to do with the U.S. space program. Apollo 11 __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Apollo 13 __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Apollo-Soyuz ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Neil Armstrong ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ John Glenn ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Robert Goddard ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ NASA______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Project Apollo ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Project Gemini ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Project Mercury ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Sputnik 1 __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ V-2 rocket __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 17 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name CHECKING COMPREHENSION Complete each sentence below with a word or words that make sense. 1. A _______________ was the largest and most advanced missile during World War II. It was the prototype for postwar space rockets. 2. _______________ was the first American astronaut to go into space (May 1961). 3. _______________ developed the V-2 rocket. 4. _______________ built the world’s first successful liquid-fuel rocket. 5. _______________ was the first American program designed to put an astronaut into space. It used tiny one-man space capsules. 6. _______________ was a series of two-man American space missions. 7. _______________ was the first spacecraft that carried astronauts who walked on the moon. 8. The _______________ was the first space project in which the Soviet Union and the United States collaborated. 9. _______________ is a centralized U.S. agency in charge of the space program. 10. _______________ was the first American astronaut to orbit Earth (February 1962). 18 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name SPACE TIMELINE Below is a timeline listing some important dates or events in the U.S. space program. Other dates and events are missing. Fill in the missing dates or events. 1930s ________________________________________________________________________________ _______ Thousands of V-2 rockets launched at British targets. After WWII ________________________________________________________________________________ _______ U.S. rocket testing moved eastward to Cape Canaveral. 1957 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1958 ________________________________________________________________________________ _______ Project Mercury astronauts begin training. 1961 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1962 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1965 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1967 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1969 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1970 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1972 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1975 ________________________________________________________________________________ 19 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name PROJECTS MERCURY, GEMINI, APOLLO Projects Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were stages of the U.S. space program. In the space below, list the purposes and accomplishments of each project. Project Mercury Purposes: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments:____________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Project Gemini Purposes: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments:____________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Project Apollo Purposes: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments:____________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 20 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name PROFILE Many people have been involved in the U.S. and Soviet space programs. Conduct research about one such person, such as Yuri Gagarin, Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, Frank Borman, John Glenn, Virgil “Gus” Grissom, James Lovell, Sally Ride, Alan Shepard, Kathryn Sullivan, Edward White, or Shannon Lucid. Use the space below to take notes. Then use your notes to prepare an oral or written report about this person. Name: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments during the space program: ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments after leaving the space program: ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments before entering the space program: ____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Education:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Hobbies: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Family information:__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Most interesting facts about this person: ________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Other items: ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 21 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name THE SOVIET SPACE PROGRAM What was the Soviet space program like? How did it compare to the U.S. space program? Conduct research to find out. List you findings below. RUSSIAN SPACE PROGRAM How astronauts are selected: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Major accomplishments of Russian space program: ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Safety record: ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Missions secret or public: ____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accidents: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. SPACE PROGRAM How astronauts are selected: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Major accomplishments of U.S. space program: __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Safety record: ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Missions secret or public: ____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accidents: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 22 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name THE U.S. SPACE PROGRAM SINCE APOLLO Conduct research to find out what the U.S. space program has accomplished since the end of Project Apollo. Fill in the missing information on the lines below. 1972 First Jupiter probe, Pioneer 10 is launched. _______ Skylab, a satellite laboratory is put into orbit. Mariner 10 is launched. 1976 ________________________________________________________________________________ _______ Voyager 1 is the first spacecraft to fly past Saturn. 1981 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1983 ________________________________________________________________________________ _______ Voyager 2 flies past Uranus. Space shuttle Challenger explodes. 1988 ________________________________________________________________________________ _______ Voyager 2 flies past Neptune. Space probe Galileo flies past Venus. 1990 ________________________________________________________________________________ _______ Space probe Galileo discovers what may be liquid water on Jupiter’s moon Europa. 23 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name CHECKING VOCABULARY Hidden in the chart below are 14 terms relating to the U.S. space program. The letters of these words may be arranged horizontally, vertically, or diagonally, either spelled forward or backward. Find and circle these 14 terms. S I S N O I S S I M O L L O P A N O P P G N O R T S M R A L I E N E S N I E R N S S A L O P O L S E M P S I N U V O W A P O L L O S O Y U Z L O I I D E J Z A H L E N T S T D G A N M L R N E E C B A L T N N E Z R O N E Q A B A S C S T I E I L S N O T Y G D P P O D F T R E K J L P L B A M T O E O S S T E M L C A O L U E N B C E H L A S A N N E O H S S E R D R E I S O P R T N E O R P G U J T I N J A N A O Y E T S E V C B A S G A E O S A E C L F D E W I K U N O O W S R A L D G D D O G D O L L R A D I J P G A N E N J O M O O N I L Y D S S E B H L M H A R P L N N S R T A T E S O H N U A R B N O V R E H N R E W J N O A R E S S L O L O E Y T D A T WORD BANK Apollo missions Apollo-Soyuz Neil Armstrong John Glenn Robert Goddard moon NASA Project Gemini Project Mercury rocket satellite Alan Shepard Sputnik Wernher von Braun 24 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name TEST Circle the letter for the correct answer to each question. 1. An American scientist designed and built the first successful liquid-fuel rocket. Who was he? A. B. C. D. E. 2. Before World War II, what nation was most involved with rocket research and development? A. B. C. D. E. 3. the Atlas rocket the Saturn 5 rocket the V-2 rocket the Redstone rocket None of the above. What event on October 4, 1957, caused the United States to accelerate its space effort? A. B. C. D. E. 5. the United States the Soviet Union Germany Great Britain None of the above. What was the largest and most advanced rocket used during World War II? A. B. C. D. E. 4. Hermann Oberth Robert Goddard Wernher von Braun Yuri Gargarin Alan Shepard John Kennedy wanted to land a man on the moon. NASA was created. The Russian Vostok project began. The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1. None of the above. When did the United States launch its first satellite? A. B. C. D. E. in in in in in 1965, 1957, 1954, 1960, 1958, four four four four four years after the Soviets launched Sputnik months before the Soviets launched Sputnik years before the Soviets launched Sputnik months after the Soviets launched Sputnik months after the Soviets launched Sputnik 25 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name TEST (CONTINUED) 6. What agency was created in the late 1950s to take charge of the space program? A. B. C. D. E. 7. What was the name of the first American project designed to put astronauts in space? A. B. C. D. E. 8. Project Project Project Project Project Gemini Apollo Mercury Vostok Soyuz Who was the first American launched into space? A. B. C. D. E. 9. NASA Cape Canaveral the FAA ICBM None of the above. John Glenn Alan Shepard Edwin Aldrin Neil Armstrong Edward White Who was the first American to orbit Earth? A. B. C. D. E. John Glenn Alan Shepard Edwin Aldrin Neil Armstrong Edward White 10. What was the second phase of the U.S. space program called? A. B. C. D. E. Project Project Project Project Project Mercury Gemini Apollo Soyuz Vostok 26 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name TEST (CONTINUED) 11. What happened during the Gemini 4 mission in June 1965? A. B. C. D. E. The The The The The first first first first first astronaut astronaut astronaut astronaut astronaut orbited Earth. was launched into space. walked on the moon. orbited the moon. walked in space. 12. What happened in preparation for the first Apollo launch? A. B. C. D. E. A fire broke out in the command module. Virgil Grissom was killed. Edward White was killed. Roger Chaffe was killed. All of the above. 13. What was the most spectacular aspect of the Apollo 8 mission? A. B. C. D. E. It was the first spaceship It was the first spaceship It was the first spaceship It was the first spaceship None of the above. to to to to land on the moon. dock with another in space. malfunction in space. orbit the moon. 14. When did the first Americans land on the moon? A. B. C. D. E. July 20, 1968 July 20, 1969 July 20, 1970 July 20, 1967 None of the above. 15. Who was the first person to walk on the moon? A. B. C. D. E. John Glenn Alan Shepard Edwin Aldrin Neil Armstrong Edward White 27 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name TEST (CONTINUED) 16. For what do people remember Apollo 13? A. B. C. D. E. An oxygen tank exploded. The mission was aborted. It was feared the craft might not make it back to Earth. The craft was crippled by an accident. All of the above. 17. What was so unusual about the launch of Apollo 17? A. B. C. D. E. The launch took place in Texas rather than Cape Canaveral. The launch took place at night. The launch was several hours late. An accident occurred on the launch pad. None of the above. 18. On what project did the United States and Soviet Union work together? A. B. C. D. E. The Apollo-Soyuz Project The Vostok Project Sputnik Project Mercury Project Gemini 19. Describe the Mercury capsule. A. B. C. D. E. It was very large. It held two large astronauts. It held three small astronauts. It held one medium-sized astronaut. None of the above. 20. Describe the Gemini capsule. A. B. C. D. E. It was very large. It held two astronauts. It held three astronauts. It held one astronaut. None of the above. 28 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon ADDITIONAL AIMS MULTIMEDIA PROGRAMS You and your students might also enjoy these other AIMS Multimedia programs: Adventures in Space: Space Probes and Starships Adventures in Space: Pilots and Astronauts Exploring Our Solar System Solar Activity Destination Mars 29 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon ANSWER KEY for page 17 Name VOCABULARY The vocabulary words below are from Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon. Use each word below in a sentence that shows you understand what it has to do with the U.S. space program. Answers will vary. Apollo 11 __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Apollo 13 __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Apollo-Soyuz ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Neil Armstrong ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ John Glenn ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Robert Goddard ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ NASA ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Project Apollo ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Project Gemini ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Project Mercury ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Sputnik 1 __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ V-2 rocket __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 30 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name CHECKING COMPREHENSION Complete each sentence below with a word or words that make sense. 1. A V-2 rocket was the largest and most advanced missile during World War II. It was the prototype for postwar space rockets. 2. Alan Shepard was the first American astronaut to go into space (May 1961). 3. Wernher von Braun developed the V-2 rocket. 4. Robert Goddard built the world’s first successful liquid-fuel rocket. 5. Project Mercury was the first American program designed to put an astronaut into space. It used tiny one-man space capsules. 6. Project Gemini was a series of two-man American space missions. 7. Apollo 11 was the first spacecraft that carried astronauts who walked on the moon. 8. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was the first space project in which the Soviet Union and the United States collaborated. 9. NASA is a centralized U.S. agency in charge of the space program. 10. John Glenn was the first American astronaut to orbit Earth (February 1962). 31 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon ANSWER KEY for page 19 Name SPACE TIMELINE Below is a timeline listing some important dates or events in the U.S. space program. Other dates and events are missing. Fill in the missing dates or events. 1930s Germany develops V-2 rockets. WWII Thousands of V-2 rockets launched at British targets. After WWII Wernher von Braun continues rocket research in the United States. 1950 U.S. rocket testing moved eastward to Cape Canaveral. 1957 Soviets launch Sputnik I. 1958 U.S. launches its first satellite. 1959 Project Mercury astronauts begin training. 1961 Alan Shepard makes a suborbital flight. 1962 John Glenn orbits Earth three times. 1965 Edwin White walks in space. 1967 Three astronauts are killed in an Apollo flight simulation. 1969 Neil Armstrong walks on the moon. 1970 Apollo 13 emergency occurs. 1972 Apollo 17 lifts off at night. 1975 Apollo and Soyuz link up for two days. 32 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name PROJECTS MERCURY, GEMINI, APOLLO Projects Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were stages of the U.S. space program. In the space below, list the purposes and accomplishments of each project. Project Mercury Purposes: To put astronauts into space. Accomplishments: Alan Shepard launched into space by a Redstone rocket for a 15-minute suborbital flight. John Glenn orbited Earth. Project Gemini Purposes: To see if astronauts could endure weightlessness long enough to get to the moon and back; to develop techniques necessary for a moon mission. Accomplishments: Edwin White walked in space for 21 minutes. Project Apollo Purposes: To send an astronaut to the moon. Accomplishments: Apollo 8 was the first spacecraft to orbit the moon. Astronauts on Apollo 11 were the first to walk on the moon. Moon rocks were brought back to Earth. Apollo 17 was launched at night. 33 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon ANSWER KEY for page 21 Name PROFILE Many people have been involved in the U.S. and Soviet space programs. Conduct research about one such person, such as Yuri Gagarin, Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, Frank Borman, John Glenn, Virgil “Gus” Grissom, James Lovell, Sally Ride, Alan Shepard, Kathryn Sullivan, Edward White, or Shannon Lucid. Use the space below to take notes. Then use your notes to prepare an oral or written report about this person. Answers will vary. Name: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments during the space program: ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments after leaving the space program: ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accomplishments before entering the space program: ____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Education:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Hobbies: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Family information:__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Most interesting facts about this person: ________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Other items: ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 34 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name SOVIET SPACE PROGRAM What was the Soviet space program like? How did it compare to the U.S. space program? Conduct research to find out. List you findings below. Answers will vary. RUSSIAN SPACE PROGRAM How astronauts are selected: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Major accomplishments of Russian space program: ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Safety record: ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Missions secret or public: ____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accidents: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. SPACE PROGRAM How astronauts are selected: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Major accomplishments of U.S. space program: ________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Safety record: ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Missions secret or public: ____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Accidents: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 35 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon ANSWER KEY for page 23 Name THE U.S. SPACE PROGRAM SINCE APOLLO Conduct research to find out what the U.S. space program has accomplished since the end of Project Apollo. Fill in the missing information on the lines below. 1972 First Jupiter probe, Pioneer 10 is launched. 1973 Skylab, a satellite laboratory is put into orbit. Mariner 10 is launched. 1976 Probes Viking 1 and 2 land on Mars. 1980 Voyager 1 is the first spacecraft to fly past Saturn. 1981 First test flight of the space shuttle Columbia. 1983 First space shuttle mission. Spacelab is carried into space. Pioneer 10 is the first manufactured object to pass beyond the known limits of the solar system. 1986 Voyager 2 flies past Uranus. Space shuttle Challenger explodes. 1988 First space shuttle mission since Challenger explosion. 1989 Voyager 2 flies past Neptune. Space probe Galileo flies past Venus. 1990 Hubble space telescope launched. Galileo flies past Earth. Magellan flies past Venus. 1997 Space probe Galileo discovers what may be liquid water on Jupiter’s moon Europa. 36 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name CHECKING VOCABULARY Hidden in the chart below are 14 terms relating to the U.S. space program. The letters of these words may be arranged horizontally, vertically, or diagonally, either spelled forward or backward. Find and circle these 14 terms. S I S N O I S S I M O L L O P A N O P P G N O R T S M R A L I E N E S N I E R N S S A L O P O L S E M P S I N U V O W A P O L L O S O Y U Z L O I I D E J Z A H L E N T S T D G A N M L R N E E C B A L T N N E Z R O N E Q A B A S C S T I E I L S N O T Y G D P P O D F T R E K J L P L B A M T O E O S S T E M L C A O L U E N B C E H L A S A N N E O H S S E R D R E I S O P R T N E O R P G U J T I N J A N A O Y E T S E V C B A S G A E O S A E C L F D E W I K U N O O W S R A L D G D D O G D O L L R A D I J P G A N E N J O M O O N I L Y D S S E B H L M H A R P L N N S R T A T E S O H N U A R B N O V R E H N R E W J N O A R E S S L O L O E Y T D A T WORD BANK Apollo missions Apollo-Soyuz Neil Armstrong John Glenn Robert Goddard moon NASA Project Gemini Project Mercury rocket satellite Alan Shepard Sputnik Wernher von Braun 37 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon ANSWER KEY for page 25 Name TEST Circle the letter for the correct answer to each question. 1. An American scientist designed and built the first successful liquid-fuel rocket. Who was he? A. B. C. D. E. 2. Before World War II, what nation was most involved with rocket research and development? A. B. C. D. E. 3. the Atlas rocket the Saturn 5 rocket the V-2 rocket the Redstone rocket None of the above. What event on October 4, 1957, caused the United States to accelerate its space effort? A. B. C. D. E. 5. the United States the Soviet Union Germany Great Britain None of the above. What was the largest and most advanced rocket used during World War II? A. B. C. D. E. 4. Hermann Oberth Robert Goddard Wernher von Braun Yuri Gargarin Alan Shepard John Kennedy wanted to land a man on the moon. NASA was created. The Russian Vostok project began. The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1. None of the above. When did the United States launch its first satellite? A. B. C. D. E. in in in in in 1965, 1957, 1954, 1960, 1958, four four four four four years after the Soviets launched Sputnik months before the Soviets launched Sputnik years before the Soviets launched Sputnik months after the Soviets launched Sputnik months after the Soviets launched Sputnik 38 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name TEST (CONTINUED) 6. What agency was created in the late 1950s to take charge of the space program? A. B. C. D. E. 7. What was the name of the first American project designed to put astronauts in space? A. B. C. D. E. 8. Project Project Project Project Project Gemini Apollo Mercury Vostok Soyuz Who was the first American launched into space? A. B. C. D. E. 9. NASA Cape Canaveral the FAA ICBM None of the above. John Glenn Alan Shepard Edwin Aldrin Neil Armstrong Edward White Who was the first American to orbit Earth? A. B. C. D. E. John Glenn Alan Shepard Edwin Aldrin Neil Armstrong Edward White 10. What was the second phase of the U.S. space program called? A. B. C. D. E. Project Project Project Project Project Mercury Gemini Apollo Soyuz Vostok 39 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon ANSWER KEY for page 27 Name TEST (CONTINUED) 11. What happened during the Gemini 4 mission in June 1965? A. B. C. D. E. The The The The The first first first first first astronaut astronaut astronaut astronaut astronaut orbited Earth. was launched into space. walked on the moon. orbited the moon. walked in space. 12. What happened in preparation for the first Apollo launch? A. B. C. D. E. A fire broke out in the command module. Virgil Grissom was killed. Edward White was killed. Roger Chaffe was killed. All of the above. 13. What was the most spectacular aspect of the Apollo 8 mission? A. B. C. D. E. It was the first spaceship It was the first spaceship It was the first spaceship It was the first spaceship None of the above. to to to to land on the moon. dock with another in space. malfunction in space. orbit the moon. 14. When did the first Americans land on the moon? A. B. C. D. E. July 20, 1968 July 20, 1969 July 20, 1970 July 20, 1967 None of the above. 15. Who was the first person to walk on the moon? A. B. C. D. E. John Glenn Alan Shepard Edwin Aldrin Neil Armstrong Edward White 40 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon Name TEST (CONTINUED) 16. For what do people remember Apollo 13? A. B. C. D. E. An oxygen tank exploded. The mission was aborted. It was feared the craft might not make it back to Earth. The craft was crippled by an accident. All of the above. 17. What was so unusual about the launch of Apollo 17? A. B. C. D. E. The launch took place in Texas rather than Cape Canaveral. The launch took place at night. The launch was several hours late. An accident occurred on the launch pad. None of the above. 18. On what project did the United States and Soviet Union work together? A. B. C. D. E. The Apollo-Soyuz Project The Vostok Project Sputnik Project Mercury Project Gemini 19. Describe the Mercury capsule. A. B. C. D. E. It was very large. It held two large astronauts. It held three small astronauts. It held one medium-sized astronaut. None of the above. 20. Describe the Gemini capsule. A. B. C. D. E. It was very large. It held two astronauts. It held three astronauts. It held one astronaut. None of the above. 41 © Copyright 1997 AIMS Multimedia Adventures in Space: Journey to the Moon
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