PATENT ‘OFFICE. ‘
’ UNITED STATES
RICHARD ZSIGMONDY, OF JENA, GERMANY.
PROCESS OF PRODUCING COATINGS 0F METALLlC LUSTER 0N CERAMIC OBJECTS, ‘do.
SPEGIQFICATION forming part of Letters ‘Patent No. ‘682,310, dated September 10, 1901.
Application ?led November 8, 1900. Serial No. 35,884. (No specimens.)
common process of bu rningin the luster met
‘To alZ whom it mag/concern:
Be it known that I, RICHARD ZSIGMONDY, als in mu?le-furnaces under red heat in this
doctor of philosophy, asubjectof th'eEmperor way that the temperature is lowered so aslto 55
of Austria-Hungary, residing at Jena, No.v 1 remain, while differing for each single prepa
Blumenstrasse, inthe Grand Duchy of Saxe- ' ration between 340° and 480°) centigrade.
(A) A‘ preparation for a silver to platinum
W'eimargGerman Empire,have inventeda new
and useful Process of Producing Coatings of lustervis attained by mixing ?fteen parts of
Metallic‘Luster on Ceramic Objects, Enamels,
a solution of resinate of bismuth, including
Glasses, Base Metals, and the Like, of which 5.35 per cent. BigOs, one hundred parts of a
the following is a speci?cation.
’ 3.4 percentage solution of silver, and'four
.
The process hereinafter described has been
~elaborated on the basis of vthe observation
that a rather thin layer of reduced silver ob
tained by heat from a solution of resinate of
silver is already opaque and of a high re
20
parts of a solution of boric acid in benzylic'
alcohol.
The solution of silver is prepared as fol 65
lows‘; Three grams sulfur and thirty grams
colophony are heated to 270° centigrade and
?eeting power. These two properties appear the product of reaction solved in seventy
even when a considerable quantity of oxids cubic centimeters absolute alcohol. To this
of other metals is embedded among the par solution a solution of six grams ‘nitrate of
silver (AgNGQ‘iu six cubic centimeters water
ticles of reduced‘silver.
,
'While luster-gold 'must contain ten, to is added. Thereupon the mixture is heated
twelve per cent. of metallic gold for giving, on the Water-bath for half an hour and then
after being burned in, an opaque coating on poured into water. The argentiferous resin
" porcelain and the like, a combination of a precipitated thereby is washed in hot. water, 75
solution of resinate ofv silver and a solution, dried, and solved in lavender-oil. Theprep
aration ‘is employed at a temperature of‘ 360°
25 of resinate ‘of bismuth containing. only 1.5 to 380° centigrade. An addition of trading
to three per cent. of metallic silver when laid
on in the same thickness as the luster-gold
luster-platinum to this preparation enables
leaves a coating, which is completely opaque the reduced silver to resist the influence of
.
'
'
and glitters inpa silver to platinum luster. sul?d of hydrogen.
(B)
When
mixing
pure
solutions
of
sulfur
Therefore
the
present
invention
presents
a
30
cheap way ,to produce. a metallic luster on eted resinates of gold and silver in essential
ceramic objects, as well as to prepare luster )oils, ‘the silver luster prevails, and the color
metals, which compared with those hitherto of the resulting coating is silvery white when 35
in use is distinguished by the slight percent the proportion was one part Au to one part
age of the precious metals, (gold, platinum, Ag, yellowish white when the proportionwas
and thelike.) However, the reduced silver three parts Au to one part Ag, and light yellow
resulting from the process described is not when the proportion was six parts Auto one
part Ag. Indeed the color of gold scarcely 90
mu?‘les loses its luster, partly by oxidation and becomes visible, especially when less than
' ?reproof and when burned in, as usual, in
40 partly by molecular variation.
'
_v
-
In order to elaborate a useful process on
‘six per cent. of it is contained in the mixture.
Moreover, the thin metallic layer allows to \ I
the basis of the above-stated facts, at ?rst be wiped away with a piece of cloth; but the
the following problems were to be solved: said mixtures may be highly improved,_so as 95.
?rst, to prevent the reduced silver from to gain a yellow metallic luster of the most
various shades by embedding suitable metal
45 losing its luster; second, for the purpose of lic oxids among the particles of the reduced
imitating'metals or alloys which re?ect yellow
or yellowish green or red to modify the sil gold and silver. Thus are attained with mix
ver luster by suitable additions,‘ and, third, tures containing solutions of gold and silver I00
to make the coatings su?iciently adhere to and bismuth at the proportion of six parts
the objects. All these requirements can be Au to one part Ag to-four to six parts Bi2O3
ful?lled by employing preparations herein a bronze luster, six parts Au to one part Ag
after described and by deviating from the to three parts Bi2O3 ‘a yellow luster, three
682,310
parts Au to one part Ag to two parts Bi,03 a other—-for instance, on a wide endless ribbon.
yellowish-green gold luster, and one part Au Also base' metals—_for instance, iron-even
to one part Ag to one part BizO3 a greenish when oxidized on their surface, can be pro
metallic luster.
For these mixtures a less
vided according to this process'with a coat—
than-six-percentage solution of gold may be ing of metallic luster without previously re
used. In most cases even-2.5 to ?ve per cent. moving the oxid layer, (which in the case of
will satisfy to attain coatings which are as galvanic gilding by all means must be done;)
opaque as those obtained with the luster-gold but it will be understood that although very
hitherto used in gilding ceramic articles, fast adhering to the base the metallic layer
IO
which contains at least nine to ten per cent.
o?ers no protection against an afterward oxi
When ‘the said preparations are dation. Moreover,-enameled sheet-iron and
laid on in a thinner layer and certain tem the like can also be provided with a coating
peratures are applied, luster colors playing of metallic luster.
of gold.
' What I claim as my invention, and desire
in di?erent shades can be attained. For in
[5 stance, by a mixture containing'three Au to to secure‘ by Letters Patent, is
1. A process of producing coatings of me 75
one Ag to two Bi2O3 and in a very thin layer
burned in at 440‘? centigrade various red re tallic luster on ceramic objects, enamels,
?ections similar to those of'Moorish faiences glasses, base metals, and the like, which proc
are produced. An addition of. a solution of ess consists in applying to the objects to be
boric acid in benzylic alcohol,.1B(OH)3, to decorated an argentiferous organic ?uid,
ten benzylic alcohol, boiled until the water which is similar to the luster colors and con
is expelled, heightens the durability and tains less than seven per cent. of precious
shades the color more to yellow. For the metals, and then heating the objects to a
purpose of greater durabilityv also a solution temperature between 340° and 480° centi
grade, essentially as described.
2. A process of producing coatings of gray
ner may ,be employed instead of the solution
ish-white metallic luster on ceramic objects,
of boric acid.
'
'
, -
.25. of phosphoric acid prepared ina similar man
.85
Other oxids may be used‘instead of the enamels, glasses, base metals, and the like,
oxid of bismuth; but they will in ‘most cases which process consists in applying to the ob
j ects to be decorated an argentiferousorganic
produce less goodpelfects. 1"
.
Process of decoratz'0n.—,The here-described ?uid which, comprising compounds of silver,
preparations can be applied to the objects to of bismuth, and of boric acid, dissolved in
be decorated like usual luster-gold or luster essential oils, is similar to the luster colors
colors. The manner of burning in, however, and contains less than seven per cent. of pre
is quite different therefrom. While hitherto cious metals, and then heating the objects to
a_temperature between 340° and 480° centi 95
burned at an intense heat, in the present grade, essentially as described.
process ,a- comparatively low temperature " 3. A process of producing coatings of yel
should. not- be exceeded. The low'tempera low,greenish-yellow and red metallic luster
ture renders the working simple, for now the on ceramic objects, enamels, glasses, base
most wares without, as formerly, betng pre metals, and the like, which process consists I00
bepainted earthenwares and ‘ the like were
viously heated may directly be brought into in applying to the objects to be decorated an
the room heated to the required temperature, argentiferous organic ?uid which, comprising
and 'as the reduction'of the metals takes place a mixture of organic solutions of silver, gold
45 rather quickly all wares after a short time and bismuth inthe proportions of one part of
can be transmitted in to the cooling-room. By silver. to one to eight parts of gold and one '105
the omittance of the preliminary heating of part of gold to 0.45 to three parts of oxid of
the articles and by the reduction of the burn bismuth, is similar to the luster colors and
ing temperature also .fue is saved, and, fur-' contains less than seven per cent. of precious
ther, the low temperature may be produced metals, and thenfheating the objects toa tem
by ?re-gases which escape from a furnace perature between 340° and 480° centigrade,‘
serving for other purposes. ' Moreover, there, essentially as described.
In testimony whereof I have signed my
is no more need to arrange the wares to be.
burned in layers'within a ‘narrow room, so name to this speci?cation in the presence of
55 "that differences of temperature occur from two subscribing witnesses.
RICHARD ZSIGMONDY.
one layer to the other and the outer parts run
the risk of being overheated. On the con
Witnesses:
.1
PAUL KRI'ITGER,
trary, the wares can be introduced into the
furnace separately or lying one besidethe v I
MAX BECKER.