STATES' LAWS ON
RACE AND COLOR
Compikd and Edited by
PAULI MURRAY
Foreivord by
DAVISON M. DOUGLAS
The University of Georgia Press
Athens & London
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD
„
xiii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
1
EXPLANATORYNOTE
3
SCOPE NOTE
Introduction
5
Summary of State Legislation
A. State Laws Against Discrimination
1. Public Accommodations
2. Innkeepers and Common Carriers
3. Discriminatory Advertising Prohibited
4. Employment
5. Education
6. Housing
7. Military and National Guard
8. Protection against Mob Violence, Intimidation and Race Hatred
9. Miscellaneous Prohibitions
B. Segregation Laws
1. Education
2. Transportation
3. Amüsements
4. Hospitals and Penal Institutions
5. Weifare Institutions
6. Employment
7. Miscellaneous Restrictions
C. Aliens
D. Indians
Conclusion
ALABAMA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
21
35
'- 38
-
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
vii
51
59
63
Page
DELAWARE
71
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
73
FLORIDA
77
GEORGIA
89
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
118
123
143
155
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
158
164
LOUISIANA
170
MAINE
196
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS.
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
198
212
227
231
237
251
255
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
259
264
267
268
289
301
329
349
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
OREGON
352
356
378
viii
Page
PENNSYLVANIA
387
RHODE ISLAND
395
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
406
423
TENNESSEE
427
TEXAS
442
UTAH
457
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
460
461
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN
WYOMING
491
504
513
521
APPENDIX 1. International Documents
A. Art of Chapultepec [Excerpts]
B. Charter of the United Nations [Excerpts]
C. Final Act of the United Nations Conference for the Establishment of an
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
D. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
E. Füll Text of UNESCO Report on Race
APPENDIX 2. Excerpts from JDeclaration of Independence, Constitution
and Laws of the United States
525
525
526
APPENDIX 3. Executive Orders, Departmental Rules, Regulations and
Directives — United States Government
527
539
544
549
565
Executive Order No. 8802. Reaffirming Policy of Füll Participation in
the Defense Program by All Persons, Regardless of Race, Creed,
Color, or National Origin, and Directing Certain Action in
Furtherance of Said Policy
565
Executive Order No. 9346. Further Amending Executive Order No. 8802
by Establishing a New Committee on Fair Employment Practice and
Defining Its Powers and Duties
566
Executive Order No. 9664. Continuing the Work of the Fair
Employment Practice Committee
ix
568
Page
Executive Order 9808. Establishing the President's Committee on Civil Rights 569
Statement by the President in Issuing Executive Order 9808, December 5, 1946 570
Executive Order No. 9980. Regulations Governing Fair Employment
Practices Within the Federal Establishment
Regulations and Procedures of the Internal Operation of the
Fair Employment Board of the U.S. Civil Service Commission
571
573
Instructions for Carrying Out the Fair Employment Program Under
Executive Order 9980
577
Executive Order No. 9981. President's Committee on Equality of
Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Forces
584
Department of Defense (Formerly National Military Establishment)
Directive Issued by Secretary of Defense Louis Johnson on
April 6, 1949 to Army, Navy, and Air Force to Review
Their Personnel Practices
585
Statement Issued by National Military Establishment, Office
of Public Information, Washington, D.C., May 11, 1949
586
Statement Issued by National Military Establishment, Office
of Public Information, Washington, D.C., June 7, 1949
588
Statement Issued by Department of Defense, Office of Public
Information, Washington, D.C., September 30, 1949
590
Statement Issued by Department of Defense, Office of Public
Information, Washington, D.C., October 14, 1949
591
Special Regulations No. 600-629-1. Department of the Army,
Washington, D.C., January 16, 1950, Personnel Utilization
of Negro Manpower in the Army
.,
593
Staff Message to Army Commands, March 27, 1950
595
Department of the Navy. 49-447 ^— Policy Regarding Minority
Races, June 23, 1949
-
596
Department of the Navy. Circular Letter No. 115-49. 49-525.
Chief Stewards, July 25, 1949
-
596
Department of the Navy. Circular Letter No. 141-49. 49-626 —
First-Class, Second-Class, and Third-Class Stewards,
August 30, 1949
597
Department of the Air Force Letter No. 35-3, May
11, 1949. Military Personnel
Federal Housing Administration: .Amendments to Rules ofthe Federal
Housing Commissioner, December 12, 1949
Veterans Administration, Release, December 16, 1949
X
5
?7
599
607
Page
Civil Aeronautics Administration. Part 570 — General Regulations
of the Washington National Airport — Discrimination or Segregation.... 608
APPENDIX 4. Alaska Civil Rights Art
610
APPENDIX 4A. Virgin Islands Civil Rights Art
612
APPENDIX 5. Ordinances
615
Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile
,
615
619
Arizona
Phoenix
621
California
Richmond
San Francisco
622
623
Florida
Jacksonville
Miami Beach
624
625
Georgia
Atlanta
627
Illinois
Chicago
630
Indiana
Evansville
632
Louisiana
New Orleans
634
Minnesota
Minneapolis
635
Missouri
St. Louis
639
New York
Buffalo
New York City
640
642
xi
Page
Ohio
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Toledo
Youngstown
Oregon
Portland
Pennsylvania
Philadelphia
Texas
Dallas
Houston
Wisconsin
645
646
650
652
654
656
660
662
Milwaukee
664
APPENDIX 6. Note on Regional Compart — Education
666
APPENDIX 7. The Case Against Segregation
Brief for the United States in Henderson v. United States [Excerpts]
Text of Opinion of United States Supreme Court, Henderson v. United
States, June 5, 1950
Text of Opinion of United States Supreme Court, Sweatt v. Painter,
June 5, 1950
676
676
Text of Opinion of United States Supreme Court, McLaurin v.
Oklahoma State Regents, June 5, 1950
695
699
702
TABLES
Table of Statutes Prohibiting Religious Discrirriination in the Employment of
Public School Teachers
Table of Statutes Prohibiting Religious Discrimination in Civil
Service Employment
706
Table of Compilations and Laws Citcd
708
705
ADDENDA
714
ERRATA
719
INDEX
.
721