THESAURUS OF SANITARY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 12a. Edition, February 2003 World Health Organization Pan American Health Organization Health and Environment Program PAN AMERICAN CENTER FOR SANITARY ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Los Pinos 259 Urbanizacion Camacho, Lima 12, PERU ? Box 4337, Lima 100, PERU Fax: (51 1) 4378289 ? Tel: (51 1) 4371077 ? Internet: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The present edition of the Thesaurus of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering has been reviewed by Mr. Marta Miyashiro, who also reviewed the versions published in 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1987, 1989, 1995, 1997 AND 2000 On this occasion 2003 descriptors are compiled and 1202 not descriptors. The review of the Thesaurus has considered the experience achieved working with the bibliographic database of the Pan American Information Network in Environmental Health (REPIDISCA), created in 1982. For the inclusion of new descriptors the terminology of the technical literature has been taken into account and very especially, the terms proposed by the Cooperating Centers of the REPIDISCA. For the descriptor elimination it has been confirmed if the use of the same in the data base has been null, or infrequent. Also corrections in the hierarchical structure of the descriptors have been carried out and included synonyms and scope notes. The semantic section has been reviewed and presents modifications that permit a more logical and functional arrangement for the ends of classification. The thesaurus of the REPIDISCA has been harmonized with the DECS (Descriptors in Health Sciences), prepared by BIREME (Latin American and Caribbean Center of Information in Health Sciences), which has required modifications and adaptations of some descriptors. The terminology of environmental health category is incorporated in the hierarchical scheme of BIREME below SP4. This is the English version of the Thesaurus. The database Thesaurus contains the translation of the same into the German, Portuguese, Spanish, and French. 3 SEMANTIC SECTION 4 It includes the descriptor arrangement by subjects or semantic fields. It has been prepared taking as a basis the scheme of classification utilized in the REPIDISCA and divides the field of sanitary engineering and environmental sciences in 10 large groups or categories of matter: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING APPLIED SCIENCES AND ENVIRONMENT HYDRIC RESOURCES AND WATER POLLUTION WATER SUPPLY WASTEWATER SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE SOIL POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH These 10 categories are subdivided into subjects or more specific areas, each one represented by four digit code. The semantic structure part, will facilitate the indexer to locate the subject to be analyzed more precisely. At the same time, it offers a general view of descriptors assigned under a particular subject, enabling the accurate selection of the pertinent descriptor. For example, under code 0507 we find the subject FOOD HYGIENE and in alphabetical order, it corresponding descriptors: 0507 Botulism Dyestuff Food additives Food analysis Food chemistry Food conservation Food contamination Food inspection Food irradiation Food poisoning Food quality Food quality standards Food samples Radioactive food contamination 5 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SANITATION Project reports Psychological aspects Quality control Reference books Regional plans Retrofitting Site selection Social conditions Socioeconomic factors Taxes Technical aspects Technical specifications Technical standards Union catalogs Yearbooks 0000 Adverse effects Atlas Audiovisual means Automatic control Bibliographies Capital financing Case studies Census Commercial catalogs Congresses Construction Control Cost-benefit analysis Costs and cost analysis Courses Cultural aspects Culture Design Determination Developed countries Developing countries Dictionaries Dimensioning Directories Economic aspects Encyclopedias Evaluation Feasibility studies Legal aspects Legislation Library catalogs Linings Manuals Maps Master plans Methods National plans of action Optimization Parameters Patents Plans Programming Projects preparation 0100 Basic sanitation Environmental health Health services Maternal and child health Mental health Primary environmental health Public health Quality of health care Sanitation Women’s health 0101 Health care centers Hospitals Medical care Primary health care 0103 Health policy Infant nutrition International Water and Sanitation Decade Medicine Nutrition Private sector Privatization Sanitary management Sanitary planning Sanitary profiles 6 Sanitary statistics Sanitary surveys Sanitary utilities Sanitation policy Genotype Goiter Health Helminthiasis Hepatitis HIV Host-parasite relations Immunization Incidence Leishmaniasis Leprosy Leptospirosis Leukemia Longitudinal studies Lymphoma Magnetic resonance imaging Malaria Maternal and child health Maternal exposure Migraine Mottled enamel Neonatal diseases and abnormalities Neoplasms Nervous system diseases Onchocerciasis Parasitic diseases Paratyphoid fever Poliomyelites Poliovirus Preeschool Pregnancy complications Prenatal exposure delayed effects Prevalence Quality of health care Rabies Radiation sickness Respiratory diseases Risk assessment Risk factor Salmonellosis Schistosomiasis Sick building syndrome Simulation Taeniasis Toxoplasmosis Trichinosis Tuberculose Typhoid fever Virosis Waterborne diseases Women’s health Yellow fever Zoonosis 0202 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome African trypanosomiasis Amoebiasis Ancylostomiasis Anthrax Ascariasis Asthma Bacillary dysentery Bacterial infections Botulism Brucellosis Carcinogens Caries Case-control studies Chagas disease Cholera Cohort studies Communicable diseases Congenital toxoplasmosis Conjuntivitis Crohn disease Cross-sectional studies Cysticercosis Dengue Diarrhea Dermatitis Descriptive epidemiology Diagnostic techniques and procedures Dracunculosis Dysentery Echinococcosis Emerging communicable diseases Environmental carcinogens Environmental risk exposure Environmentally related disease Epidemic louse-born typhus Epidemiologic methods Epidemiologic studies Epidemiological surveys Epidemiological survillance Epidemiology Experimental epidemiology Fetal mortality Fetus Filariasis Gastroenteritis Gastrointestinal diseases 7 Weed control 0303 Community development Community participation Health education Non governmental organizations Personal hygiene 0500 Healthy cities Poverty areas Public bathing facilities Urban sanitation Urban settlements 0305 indigenous organizations indigenous populations 0501 Hotel sanitation Housing sanitation 0403 Acaricides Agricultural pests Aldrin Algicides Bactericides Carbaryl Carbofurano Chlordane Creosote DDD DDT Diazinon Dieldrin Disease vectors Endrin Fumigation Heptachlor Herbicides Industrial fungicides Insect control Insect repellents Insecticides Larvicides Larviphage fishes Malathion Methylparathion Mosquito control Organochlorine insecticides Organophosphorous insecticides Parathion Pest control Pesticides Poisonous animals Rats Rodent control Rodenticides Rodents Toxaphene Vector biological control 0502 Market sanitation 0503 School sanitation 0504 Hospital sanitation 0505 Cemetery sanitation 0507 Botulism Diet Dyestuff Food Food additives Food analysis Food chemistry Food conservation Food contamination Food inspection Food irradiation Food poisoning Food quality Food quality standards Food samples Radioactive food contamination 0508 Beach sanitation Beaches 0509 Aircraft sanitation Airports Harbor sanitation Ship sanitation 8 Transports Environmental policy Sanitary engineering 0510 Slaughterhouse sanitation 1200 Environmental education Professional associations Sanitary engineering education Training 0511 Recreational zones Swimming pool sanitation Swimming pools 1300 Appropriate technology High-cost technology Intermediate technology Low-cost technology Technological development Technology Technology transfer 0600 Rural sanitation 0800 Alluviums Civil defense Damage evaluation Disaster epidemiology Disaster management Disaster planning Disasters Droughts Earthquakes (Environmental health) Emergencies in disasters Explosions Fire extinguishing systems Fires Flood control Floods (Environmental health) Gas exhaust Geological disasters Hurricanes (Environmental health) Hydrologic disasters Landslides Man-made disasters Meteorological disasters Natural disasters Refuge Risk zones Sanitation in disasters Storms Tidal waves Tsunamis Volcanic eruptions Vulnerability analysis 1400 Environmental research Research 1404 Acreditation Analytical balances Aspirator bottles Atomic absorption spectrophotometers Calibration Centrifuges Distillators Dosimeters Dosimetry Electronic microscopy Flame spectrophotometers Gas chromatographers Heaters Laboratories Laboratory animals Laboratory equipment Laboratory experiment Laboratory research Laboratory techniques and procedures Laboratory test Laboratory waste Radiometry Secchi disks Spectrographs Spectrophotometers Titrimetry 0900 Sanitary code ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 1600 Boilers Compressors 1000 Environmental engineering 9 Diffusers Dredges Equipment Exchangers Filters Heaters Heavy equipment Machinery Materials Mixers Nozzles Plant equipment Remote sensors Rotameters Rotary disks Sewage collectors Soft equipment Telemetry Trenching machines Water level recorders Environmental audits Environmental planning Environmental policy Green areas Habitat Housing Human settlements Industrial zones Industrialization Local development Local resource utilisation Low-cost housing Metropolitan zones National planning Physical planning Poverty areas Recreational zones Regionalization Rural development Rural planning Rural settlements Rural zones Socioeconomic planning Sustainable development Sustainable development indicator Total quality Tourism Urban settlements Urban zones Urbanization Zonification 1800 Capital financing Cost-benefit analysis Economic indexes Environmental economy Feasibility studies 1900 Bilateral agreem ents Environmental legislation Environmental quality standards Global agreements Penalties for environmental damages Polluter-pays principle Regional agreements 2103 Economic cooperation Horizontal cooperation International agencies International agreements International cooperation Technical cooperation APPLIED SCIENCES AND ENVIRONMENT 2000 Ecology Environment Environmental indicators Environmental sciences Environmental statistics 2104 Abiotic factors Amazone ecosystem Andean ecosystem Aquatic environment Atmosphere Biocenology Biological communities Biomass Biota Biotic factors Ecological disorder 2102 Cities Commercial zones Ecodevelopment Economic development Environmental administration 10 Ecological equilibrium Ecology Ecosystem Environment Environmental models Food chain Glacial ecosystem Green belt Human ecology Marine environment Meteorological stations Trophic levels Tropical ecosystem Endangered species Environmental protection Environmental performance Game Land conservation Land development Land management and planning Land reclamation Land restoration Management of natural resources Marine conservation area Minimisation of damage National parks Natural reservations Natural resources (Environmental health) Natural resources exploitation Non-renewable energy resources Non-renovable resources Protected areas Renewable resources 2108 Anticyclonic zones Atmosphere Atmospheric pressure Biosphere Climate effects Climatic zones Climatology Clouds Cold zones Global warning Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gases Humidity Hurricanes (Environmental health) Hydrometeorology Meteorologic statistics Meteorological factors Meteorology Mist Photochemical fog Rain Rain measurements Snow Temperate zones Thermal inversion Tropical climate Tropical zones Winds 2300 Contaminant transport Contamination indicators Ecolabel Environmental contaminants Environmental contamination Environmental contamination control Environmental carcinogens Environmental impact Environmental incentives and subsides Environmental monitoring Environmental misconduct Environmental risk exposure Environmental risks Impacts on health Life cicle Long-term effect Maternal exposure Monitoring stations Mutagens Natural risk Ocupational exposure Prenatal exposure delayed effects Risk assessment Risk factor 2200 Environmental quality ISO 14000 ISO 9000 Life quality 2301 Physical contaminants Physical contamination 2201 Biodiversity 2302 11 Biological and chemical weapons Biological contaminants Biological contamination Organic contaminants Radiactive emission Radiactivity Radiation Radiation control Radiation effects Radiation exposure Radioactive contaminants Radioactive contamination Radioactive tracers Radioisotopes Radiometry Solar radiation Thermal radiation Ultraviolet rays X rays 2303 Acute toxicology Biological and chemical weapons Carbon gaseous contaminants Chemical accidents Chemical compound exposure Chemical contaminants Chemical contamination Conservative contaminants Gaseous contaminants Halogenated contaminants Industrial contaminants Industrial contamination Inorganic contaminants Intoxication Lethal dose 50 Motor vehicle emission Neurotoxic Nitrogen gaseous contaminants Non-point sources Nuclear weapons Plant poisoning Point sources Sulphur gaseous contaminants Susceptibility Tolerance Toxic metals Toxic substances Toxicity Toxicology Volatile wastes Waste management 2305 Calorific power Calorimetry Heat Heat loss Thermal contamination Thermal contamination effects Thermal stratification Thermic contamination control 2306 Transfrontier contamination 2307 Hearing Noise Noise control Noise effects Noise measurement Noise surveillance Sound Sound contamination Vibration 2304 Alpha particles Atomic absorption Beta rays Gamma rays Infrared rays Ionized radiation Laser rays Microwaves Mutation Nuclear plants (Environmental health) Nuclear reactors Particles Radiactive descontamination 2400 Absorption Acidification Acidity Acids Adsorption Aerosols Alcohols Aldehydes Alkalines Alkalinization Aluminium Aluminium oxide Aluminum sulphate 12 Amine Amino acids Ammonia Anticorrosives Antimony Antioxidants Aquatic suspension Arsenic Asbestos Asphyxiating gases Barium Benzene Benzopyrenes Beryllium Boron Cadmium Calcium Calcium hydroxyde Calcium hypochlorite Calcium oxide Carbon Carbon 14 Carbon cycle Carbon dioxide Carbonates Cathodic protection Cellulose Cesium Chemical analysis Chemical compounds Chemical elements Chemical oxidation Chemical precipitation Chemical process Chemical reactions Chemistry Chlorides Chlorine compounds Chlorine dioxide Chloroform Chlorophenols Chromium Cobalt Colloidal particles Colloidal suspension Colloids Combustion Copper Copper sulphate Corrosion Cyanide Decarbonation Denitrification Desulphurization Detergents Dialysis Dilution Dioxins Dissolution Dissolved oxygen Dosage Dyestuff Electrochemistry Electrodialysis Electrolysis Epoxy compounds Ester Ethane Ether Ethyl alcohol Fatty acids Ferric chloride Ferric compounds Ferric sulphate Ferrous sulphate Fluorides Gases Graphite Halide Halogenation Humic substances Hydrochloric acid Hydrocyanic acid Hydrofluoric acid Hydrogen Hydrogen sulphide acid Hydrogenation Hydrolysis Hydroxydes Indicators and reagents Inorganic chemistry Inorganic compounds Inorganic particles Iodines Ion concentration Iron Isotopes Ketones Lead Lithium Magnesium Magnesium calcium carbonate Magnesium oxide Manganese Mercury Methane 13 Methoxychlor Methylmercury Molybdenum Neutralization Nickel Nitrates Nitric acid Nitrification Nitriles Nitriloacetate Nitrites Nitrogen Nitrogen compounds Nitrogen cycle Nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen oxides Nitrogenous deoxygenation Oil Organic acids Organic chemistry Organic compounds Organic matter Organic particles Organic tracers Oxidants Oxidation Oxidation reduction Oxides Oxigenation Oxygen Ozone Palm oil pH Phenol Phenolic compounds Phosphates Phosphorus Phosphorus compounds Phosphorus cycle Photochemistry Photolysis Photooxidation Physicochemical analysis Platinum Polychlorinated biphenyls Polymers Polyphosfates Polyvinyl chloride Potassium Potassium permanganate Proteins Pyrolysis Radioactive elements Radiochemistry Radium Resins Selenium Settleable particles Silicates Silver Sodium Sodium carbonate Sodium chloride Sodium fluoride Sodium hydroxyde Sodium hypochlorite Sodium silicate Solvents Stabilization Starch Sterilization Strontium Sulfur Sulphates Sulphides Sulphite Sulphur compounds Sulphur dioxide Sulphur oxides Sulphuric acid Suspended particles Tar Tensoactive agents Tin Tritium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Wet oxidation Zeolites Zinc 2403 Bays Cartography Estuaries Geographical features Oases Volcanos 2405 Aerobic digestion Animal feeding Antibiotics Bioaccumulation Biodegradation 14 Biological adaptation Biological oxidation Biological process Biological reaction Biology Biotechnology Endogenous respiration Fermentation Genetics Genotype Infant nutrition Inorganic tracers Metabolism Microbiology Mutagens Mutation Nutrients Nutrition Parasitology Substrata Entamoeba histolytica Enterobacter Enterobacteriaceae Enteroviruses Escherichia coli Fasciola hepatica Fauna Flagellates Flavobacterium Fleas Giardia Helminths Human viral hepatitis Insects Iron bacteria Klebsiella Lactobacillaceae Leptospira Lice Microbiology Mites Mosquitões Mycotoxins Necator Neisseriaceae Nematodes Nitrobacteriaceae Parasites Parasitology Phlebotomus Plasmodium Protozoa Pseudomonas Reoviridae Rickettsias Rotaviruses Salmonella Schistosoma Shigella Staphylococcus Strongyloides Sulfur bacteria Ticks Trichinella Trichuris Trypanosoma Vibrio cholerae Vibrionaceae Virology Viruses Yersinia 2406 Flora Fungi Macrophyton Photosynthesis Phytoplankton 2407 Aedes Aerobic bacteria Aflatoxins Amoebas Anaerobic bacteria Ancylostoma Anopheles Arthropods Ascaris Bacteria Bacteriology Bacteriophages Cestodes Ciliates Clostridium Cokroaches Coliforms Coxsackie A Culex Dinoflagellida Diphyllobothrium Diptera Echovirus Entamoeba 2408 15 Biochemical reaction Biochemistry Biogeochemical cycle Land movement Local building material Material resistance Performance tests Public works 2409 Cooling Diffusers Diffusion Electromagnetism Freezing Magnetism Osmosis Physical analysis Physicochemical analysis Physics Porosity Refrigeration Settleable particles Suspended particles Temperature 2605 Architecture Sick building syndrome 2700 Adolescents Adults Birth rate Child Child health Demographic statistics Demography Equity Fetal mortality Fetus Forecasting Gender Health status indicators Infant mortality Morbidity Mortality Mortality rate Neonatal diseases and abnormalities Population Population growth Population projection Poverty Preeschool Rural population Social security Social service Unequity Urban population Vital statistics Women Women´s health 2500 Mathematical models Operational research Simulation System analysis System des ign 2501 Economic indexes Environmental indicators Health status indicators Population census Statistical analysis Statistics 2504 Automatic data processing Automation Computer programs Computer systems Computers Data analysis Factual data bases 2706 Accounting Critical path method Decision making (Administration) Human resources Institutional development Local resource utilisation Management Municipal environment policy Municipal management 2600 Building specifications Civil engineering Construction Construction calculations Construction materials Construction with recycled material Foundations 16 Organization and administration Personnel management Planning Private management Public administration Systemic administration Training Geothermic plants Hydrocarbon Hydroelectric energy Hydroelectric plants Kerosene Natural resources exploitation Non conventional energy Non pollution energy source Non-pollution fuel Nuclear energy Nuclear plants (Environmental health) Petroleum Photovoltaic energy Power plants Solar cells Solar collectors Solar distillation Solar energy Solar heating Solar plants Solar pumps Steam energy Technology transfer Thermal energy Thermic plants Thermoelectric plants Thermonuclear plants Unleaded petrol Wind energy Windmills 2707 Abstracting and indexing Bibliographic data bases Communication media Data collection Documentation Geographic Information System Information Information centers Information exchange Information science Information services Information systems Information technology Internet Librarianship Libraries Mass media Multimedia technology Online service REPIDISCA Selective information dissemination Thesaurus Virtual library 2803 Beef cattle Birds Livestock Ovines Poultry Swine 2801 Alkaline battery Battery Biogas Biogas digesters Button-cell battery Charcoal Coke Digesters Electric battery Electrical energy Energy Energy consumption Energy diffusion Energy plants Energy sources Energy supply Fossil fuels Gasoline Geothermal energy 2900 Bilateral agreements Codes Convention Decision Decree Decree law Environmental legislation Environmental quality standards Global agreements Law Law draft Legislative decree 17 Ministerial decree Penalties for environmental damages Polluter-pays principle Protocol Regional agreements Regulation Resolution Treaty Rainfall-runoff relationship Runoff Runoff coefficient Stormwater runoff Water self-purification 3102 Hydraulic jump Hydraulic measurements Hydraulic models Hydraulic power Hydraulic structures Hydraulics Maritime constructions Pitometry Sanitary specifications Singularities Velocity measurement Water discharge Water hammer Water level measurement HYDRIC RESOURCES AND WATER POLLUTION 3000 Acid water Artesian water Coastal water Corrosive water Deionized water Distilled water Groundwater Heavy water (Environmental health) Ice Industrial water Melt water Mineral water Natural water Pure water Rainwater Raw water Recreational water Sea water Stagnant water Sterilized water Surface water Thermal water Water Water characteristics 3103 Cavitation Closed currents Coastal streams Cold currents Critic flow Critic runoff Domestic flow meters El Niño phenomenon Energy diffusion Flow augmentation Flow profiles Fluid mechanics Gradually varied flow Gravity flow Groundwater flow Head loss Hydrodynamic models Hydrodynamics Hydrostatic pressure Hydrostatics Laminar flow Marine currents Non-uniform flow Open currents Reynolds number Runoff Sediment transport Surface streams Turbulences Turbulent flow 3101 Evaporation Evapotranspiration Hydrogeology Hydrographs Hydrography Hydrologic cycle Hydrologic models Hydrologic statistics Hydrological stations Hydrology Hydrometeorology Rain measurements 18 Uniform flow Warm currents Water currents Water discharge Water discharge meters Water discharge regulation Water drainage Water flow Water hammer Water pressure Zeta potential 3108 Electric conductivity Temperature Water flavour Water organoleptic characteristics Water physical characteristics Water physicochemical characteristics Water turbidity Water viscosity 3105 Lagoons Lakes Limnology 3109 Algae Aquatic biology Aquatic fauna Aquatic flora Aquatic microorganisms Ascomicetos Benthic fauna Benthic flora Biochemical oxygen demand Brown algae Cyanobacteria Daphnia Deuteromicetos Diatoms Endogenous respiration Fishes Green algae Larviphage fishes Macrophyton Marine fauna Marine flora Mollusca Nutrients Periphyton Phycomycetes Phytoplankton Plankton Red algae Rotifers Shellfish Tilapia Water bacteriological characteristics Water biological characteristics Water hyacinths Water microbiological characteristics Water microbiology Water virological characteristics Zooplankton 3106 Coastal streams Coastal water Coasts Cold currents Coral reefs El Niño phenomenon Marine biology Marine currents Marine environment Marine sediments (Environmental health) Oceanographic chemistry Oceanography Sea water Seabottom Warm currents 3107 Chemical oxygen demand Dissolved organic carbon Dissolved oxygen Saline waters Thermal water Total organic carbon Water acidity Water alkalinity Water chemical characteristics Water chemistry Water color Water flavour Water hardness Water odour Water organoleptic characteristics Water physicochemical characteristics 19 3200 Aquifers Artesian water Basins Groundwater Hydrographic basins Lagoons Lake basins Lakes Mangrove swamps Marine resources Protected springs River basins Rivers Shared basins Springs Surface water Tidal lands Water resources Gas chromatography Jar test Mass spectrometry Membrane filters Membrane filtration Microbiological analysis Microorganisms isolation Multiple tube method Nephelometry and turbidimetry Parasitological analysis Particle counting Physical analysis Qualitative analysis Quantitative analysis Samples preservation Sampling Spectrographs Spectrography Spectrometry Spectrophotometers Spectrophotometry Spectrum analysis Standard plate counting Virological analysis Water analysis Water samples 3201 Water balance Water policy Water resources development Water resources planning 3203 Integrated water resource management Water cost 3300 Analytical quality control Monitoring networks Monitoring stations Water monitoring Water quality Water quality control Water quality models 3400 Contaminant dispersion Contamination indicators Dilution cone Discharge dilution Mix zones 3402 Acid rain Detergents Mining acid water Mining tailings Toxic metals Water contaminants 3307 Analytical methods Atomic absorption spectrophotometers Bacteriological analysis Bioassays Biochemical oxygen demand Biological analys is Chemical analysis Chemical oxygen demand Colimetry Colorimetry Culture medium Flame emission Flame spectrophotometers Gas chromatographers 3500 Chemical water contaminants Chemical water contamination Eutrophication Water contamination 3501 Oil spills River contamination 20 3502 Estuary contamination 4103 Impounding discharge Lake water catchment River water catchment Spring water catchment Surface water catchment 3503 Lakes and impoundings contamination 3504 Beach contamination Coastal contamination Oil spills Sea water contamination Sludge disposal into sea 4104 Maritime constructions Sea water catchment 4105 Aquifers recharge Artesian wells Artificial recharge Deep wells Drilled wells Driven wells Dug wells Groundwater catchment Infiltration galleries Land excavation Natural recharge Percussion drilling Rotary drilling Seepage Shallow wells Stormwater runoff Well drilling Wells Windmills 3600 Groundwater contamination Leaching fields Marine intrusion Percolation 3709 Aquaculture Fish culture Irrigation (Agriculture) Swimming pools Water use 3803 Cooling towers Cooling water Water recirculation Water recycling 3900 Continental water Frontier water International water Maritime rights Water quality criteria Water quality standards Water rights 4107 Catchment works Chambers Dams Derivation tunnels Dykes Hydraulic jump Hydraulic structures Impoundings Irrigation channels Land excavation Reservoirs Rounded crested weirs Singularities Sluice gates Spillways Subsurface excavation Transitions Water drainage Weirs WATER SUPPLY 4000 Water supply 4100 Interbasin transfer Water catchment 4101 Mist catchment Rainwater catchment 21 Sediments Settleable solids Settlers Suspended solids Total solids Volatile solids 4204 Axial flow pumps Centrifugal pumps Diaphragm pumps Handpumps Hydraulic ram Mixed flow pumps Positive displacement pumps Pumping stations Pumps Rotary pumps Screw pumps Solar pumps Submersible pumps Well pumps 4306 Flotation Flotation thickening 4307 Aerobic filters Aerobic filtration Anaerobic filters Anthracite Automatic washing filters Bentonite Biological filters Clay Contact column Declining filters Declining rate filtration Diatomite filtration Direct filtration Domestic filters Double filters Downflow filters Downflow filtration Dynamic filters Dynamic filtration Filter bed Filter washing Filters Filtration Filtration media Fluidized bed Gravel High rate filters Open filters Open filtration Prefilters Prefiltration Pressure filters Radial filters Rapid filters Rapid filtration Sand Sand filters Screens Slow filters Slow filtration Upflow filters 4300 Contaminant removal Recycling (Environmental health) Unit operations Water treatment 4303 Aluminum sulphate Chemical clarification Coagulants (Water treatment) Coagulation (Water treatment) Ferric sulphate Ferrous sulphate Iron salts Polymers Sodium aluminate Velocity gradient 4304 Chemical clarification Floc Flocculation Flocculation filtration Flocculators Helical flocculators Hydraulic flocculators Mechanic flocculators Orthokinetic flocculation Porous media flocculators Rapid mix Velocity gradient 4305 Dissolved solids Flocculant sedimentation Sedimentation 22 Upflow filtration Variable velocity filters Vertical filters 4315 Microstraining Straining 4308 Breakpoint chlorination Bromination Bromine Chloramines Chlorination Chlorinators Chlorine Chlorine demand Combined available chlorine Fluoridation Fluorine Free chlorine Iodine Iodine disinfection Ozonation Ozone Residual chlorine Total chlorine Trihalomethanes Ultraviolet rays Water disinfectants Water disinfection 4316 Demineralization Desalination plants Desalting Inverse osmosis 4317 Decarbonation 4318 Degasification 4319 Distillation Distillators Solar distillation 4321 Chemical precipitation 4323 Aeration Gas transfer Oxygen level Oxygen trans fer 4324 Compact plants Mobile plants Modular plants Pilot plants Treatment plants 4309 Demineralization Ion exchange Water softening 4310 Anticorrosives Antioxidants Corrosion Corrosive water Incrustations of magnesium calcium carbonate Water hardness 4400 Evaporation control Flow augmentation Pressure systems Water conservation Water discharge Water discharge measurement Water discharge regulation Water distribution Water rationing Water storage 4312 Activated carbon (Environmental health) Adsorption Deodorization 4313 Physicochemical treatment Zeta potential 4401 Elevated tanks Ponds Reinforced concrete tanks 4314 Condensation 23 4500 Public standposts Rural settlements Rural water supply Storage tanks Underground tanks Water towers 4402 Closed water networks Dual water supply networks Open water networks Pressure waterpipe networks Water distribution networks 4600 Water supply coverage Water supply service Water utilities 4609 Billing Commercialization Tariffs (Sanitary services) 4610 Illegal installations Leakage Unaccounted-for water consumption Waste of water 4403 Asbestos-cement pipes Bamboo pipes Clay pipes Concrete pipes Copper pipes Fiberglass pipes Iron pipes Lead pipes Pipelines Polyethylene pipes PVC pipes Reinforced concrete pipes Steel pipes 4612 Annual variations Commercial water consumption Daily variations Domestic water consumption Hour variations Industrial water Industrial water consumption Pitometry Recreational water Seasonal variations Water conservation devices Water consumption(Environmental health) Water consumption measurement Water consumption variations Water demand Water discharge meters Water quantity Water scarcity 4406 Air blowoff valves Blowoff valves Butterfly valves Check valves Crossed installations Double check valves Flexible installations Foot valves Gate valves Globe valves Household installations Hydrants Illegal installations Orifice valves Plumbing (Environmental health) Plumbing accesories Pressure reducing valves Safety valves Sanitary devices Sanitary installations Water hammer arrester valves Water valves 4700 Corrective maintenance Equipment maintenance Operation and maintenance Operators Preventive maintenance Spare parts 4800 Analytical quality control Monitoring networks Potable water Water monitoring 4409 Pipe laying 24 Water quality Water quality control Water quality criteria Obstructions (Sewerage) Outfalls Pipelines Polyethylene pipes PVC pipes Reinforced concrete pipes Sewerage Steel pipes Submarine pipes 4807 Bacteriological analysis Bioassays Biological analysis Culture medium Membrane filters Membrane filtration Microbiological analysis Microorganisms isolation Multiple tube method Parasitological analysis Particle counting Qualitative analysis Quantitative analysis Samples preservation Sampling Standard plate counting Virological analysis Water analysis Water samples 5202 Air injection into sewers Drop manholes Inspection manholes Pipe laying Sewerage hydraulics 5203 Sanitary sewerage 5204 Rainfall-runoff relationship Storm sewerage Stormwater inlets Stormwater runoff 4900 Water quality criteria Water quality standards 5205 Combined sewerage Combined sewerage overflow WASTEWATER 5207 Pumping stations Wastewater pumps 5100 Combined effluents Domestic effluents Grey water Organic load Raw effluents Wastewater Wastewater characteristics 5300 Physicochemical treatment Recycling (Environmental health) Treated effluents Wastewater treatment 5200 Asbestos-cement pipes Bamboo pipes Clay pipes Collector channels Concrete pipes Copper pipes Fiberglass pipes Intercepting channels Intercepting sewers Iron pipes Lead pipes 5301 Analytical methods Atomic absorption spectrophotometers Colimetry Colorimetry Dissolved solids Flame emission Flame spectrophotometers Gas chromatography Gravimetry Mass spectrometry 25 Settleable solids Spectrographs Spectrography Spectrometry Spectrophotometers Spectrophotometry Spectrum analysis Suspended solids Volatile solids Hydraulic flocculators Mechanic flocculators Orthokinetic flocculation Porous media flocculators 5308 Activated sludge Aerobic decomposition Aerobic treatment Anaerobic contact process Anaerobic decomposition Anaerobic treatment Attached biomass reactors Bacterial growth Biodegradation Biofilm Biological filters Biological reactors Biological treatment High rate activated sludge Organic load Prolonged aeration activated sludge Pure oxygen activated sludge Rotary disks Secondary effluents Secondary treatment Secondary treatment plants Substrata Suspended biomass reactors 5302 Microstraining Pretreatment Primary effluents Primary sedimentation Primary treatment Primary treatment plants Screens Shredders Straining 5303 Coagulants (Water treatment) Coagulation (Water treatment) Grit removal 5304 Aerobic filters Aerobic filtration Anaerobic filters Anaerobic filtration Automatic washing filters Contact column Double filters Downflow filters Downflow filtration Filtration High rate filters Open filters Prefilters Press filters Radial filters Rapid filters Rapid filtration Variable velocity filters Vertical filters 5309 Particle removal Secondary sedimentation 5310 Aeration Aerators Biofilm Oxigenation Oxygen consumption Oxygen level Oxygen transfer 5311 Aerated ponds Aerobic ponds Anaerobic ponds Facultative ponds Maturation ponds Oxidation ditches Ponds in parallel Ponds in series Stabilization ponds 5305 Floc Flocculation Flocculation filtration Flocculators Helical flocculators 26 Degreasing Industrial effluent treatment Industrial effluents disposal Neutralization 5312 Acelerated sedimentation Activated carbon (Environmental health) Advanced treatment Advanced treatment plants Tertiary effluents 5500 Contaminant dispersion Diffusion Dilution cone Discharge dilution Infiltration-percolation ditches Mix zones Wastewater disposal 5501 Sludge disposal into sea Sludge final disposal Sludge pumps 5314 Aerobic digestion Anaerobic digestion Bacterial growth Centrifuges Digesters Domestic sludge Drying beds Evaporation ponds Expanded bed Fixed bed Flotation thickening Gravity thickening High rate anaerobic digestion Industrial sludge Moving bed Sludge (Environmental health) Sludge age Sludge combustion Sludge conditioning Sludge dehydration Sludge digestion Sludge stripping Sludge treatment Upflow anaerobic sludge bioreactors Wet oxidation 5502 Subfluvial outfalls Submarine outfalls T90 5503 In situ disposal Land application Leaching fields Percolation Seepage Wastewater subsurface injection 5512 Fish culture Irrigation (Agriculture) Recycling (Environmental health) Tilapia Wastewater use 5315 Mobile plants Modular plants Pilot plants Treatment plants 5600 Cesspits Excreta disposal Faeces Imhoff tanks Latrines (Environmental health) Septic tanks 5316 Chlorination 5400 Industrial contaminants Industrial effluents Mining acid water Mining tailings Radioactive effluents 5700 Billing Sewerage service Sewerage utilities Tariffs (Sanitary services) 5401 Cooling ponds 5800 27 6303 Hazardous waste containers Hazardous waste storage Corrective maintenance Equipment maintenance Operation and maintenance Operators Preventive maintenance Spare parts 6305 Hazardous waste minimization 6307 Contaminant transport Hazardous waste use Waste exchange SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE 6308 Codisposal Hazardous waste deep well injection Hazardous waste disposal Ocean disposal of hazardous waste Secure landfills Subsurface mines 6000 Solid wastes 6100 Solid waste characteristics Solid waste volume 6101 Abandoned vehicles Dead animals Hospital wastes Inflammable wastes Metallic wastes Organic wastes Plastics Radiactive wastes Rubble Scrap metals 6400 Solid waste conditioning Solid waste recipients Solid waste s torage 6500 Collection frequency Collection routes Solid waste collection Solid waste transport 6501 Collection trucks Compactor collection trucks Garbage wheel barrows Open trucks Solid waste recipients Sweepers Tank trucks Urban cleaning equipment 6102 Domestic wastes Industrial wastes 6200 Carcass disposal Manual sweeping Mechanical sweeping Street sweeping and cleaning Urban cleaning Urban cleaning coverage Urban cleaning service Urban cleaning utilities 6504 Transfer stations 6600 Solid waste processing 6300 Explosive wastes Hazardous substances Hazardous waste characteristics Hazardous wastes Printed circuit boards 6601 Compaction Compactors 6602 Grinders 28 Grinding Grinding plants Geographical features Geology Soil biology Soil mechanics Topography 7102 Porosity Soil acidity Soil alkalinity Soil characteristics Soil chemistry Soil permeability 6603 Gravimetric segregation Magnetic segregation Manual segregation Segregation plants Solid waste segregation Solid waste segregators 6604 Compost Composting Composting plants Manure Worm breeding 7103 Calcareous soils Clayey soils Humus Impervious soils Saltpetre soils Sandy soils Saturated soils Slime soils Wetlands 6605 Ash Furnaces Hospital incinerators Household incinerators Incineration Incinerators Pyrolysis Solid waste incinerator plants Thermal treatment 7200 Soil quality Soil quality criteria 7203 Atomic absorption spectrophotometers Flame emission Flame spectrophotometers Gravimetry Photogrametry Soil analysis Spectrographs Spectrography Spectrophotometers Spectrophotometry 6700 Garbage trenches In situ disposal Open dumps Solid waste discharge Solid waste disposal 6702 Percolating liquid Sanitary landfills 6800 Recycling (Environmental health) Solid waste use 7300 Radioactive soil contaminants Soil contaminants Soil contamination Soil monitoring SOIL POLLUTION 7000 Soils 7301 Beach erosion Erosion Fluvial erosion Hydric erosion Soil erosion 7100 Cartography 29 Wind erosion Air characteristics Air chemistry Air self-purification Indoor air Outdoor air Turbulences 7305 Deforestation Forests (Environmental health) Reforestation 8100 Air monitoring Air quality Air quality control Air quality criteria Air quality models 7307 Arid zones Desertification 7401 Bioremediation Fertilizers Manure Soil treatment 8107 Air analysis Air samples Flame spectrophotometers Spectrographs Spectrography Spectrophotometers Spectrophotometry 7700 Land use 7702 Agricultural zones Agriculture Agronomy Contineus recirculation Cotton Crops Floating root Fruits Greenhouses Greens Hydroponic system Hidroponics Nutrients film technique Organic agriculture Organic beds Pasture Subirrigation Tricking irrigation Urban agriculture Urban agriculture networks Wood 8200 Air contamination Indoor air contamination Ozone layer Radioactive air contaminants Radioactive air contamination Radon 8208 Aerosols Air contaminants Airborne particles Alpha particles Asphyxiating gases Beta rays Carbon gaseous contaminants Carbon monoxide Chemical contaminants Climate Cold climate Colloidal particles Dust Gaseous contaminants Gases Halogenated contaminants Inorganic contaminants Inorganic particles Irritating gases Motor vehicle emission Nitrogen gaseous contaminants 7900 Soil quality criteria AIR POLLUTION 8000 Air 30 Non-point sources Organic contaminants Organic particles Particles Plumes Pneumoconiogenic particles Point sources Silica Smoke Sulphur gaseous contaminants Sulphur oxides Temperate climate Tropical climate Volatile wastes Traffic accidents 9101 Accidents prevention Industrial safety Personal protection Physical examination Radiological protection Safety measures 9104 Absenteeism Accidents consequences Rehabilitation Workmen's compensation Wounds and injuries 8700 Air filtration Bag filters Electrostatic precipitators Electrostatic rain Exhaust fans Particle removal Ringelman chart Sewage collectors 9200 Allergens Arseniosis Asbestosis Hypersensitivity Lead poisoning Manganese disease Neoplasms Occupational cancer Occupational dermatitis Occupational diseases Occupational medicine Pneumoconiosis Psychological stress Respiratory diseases Siderosis Silicosis 8900 Air quality criteria Air quality standards OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 9000 Ergonomics (Environmental health) Industrial psychology Labour Labour law Labour market Occupational health Occupational safety Occupational exposure Work environment Work conditions Working women 9201 Acute toxicity Antidotes Birth rate Chronic toxicity Intoxication Lethal dose 50 Neurotoxics Plant poisoning Smoking Susceptibility Tolerance Toxic substances Toxicity Toxicology 9100 Accidents caused by electrical discharges Chemical accidents Gas exhaust Occupational accidents Radioactive accidents 9202 31 Fatigue Morbidity Mortality Mortality rate Occupational risks Pneumoconiogenic particles Lumber industry Meat industry Metalworking industry Mining Oil and fat industry Packing industry Painting industry Petroleum industry Pharmaceutic industry Photographic industry Plaguicides industry Plastics industry Printing industry Pulp and paper industry Rubber industry Siderurgy industry Soft drink industry Soft drinks Sugar industry Textile industry Tobacco industry 9211 Air conditioning Central heating Deodorization Illumination Ventilation 9300 Chemical compound exposure Maximum acceptable dose Maximum allowable concentration Occupational air contaminants Permissible limits Plaguicide exposure Radiation exposure 9400 Alcohol industry Aluminum industry Asbestos industry Brewery Building industry Cannery Cement industry Ceramics industry Chemical industry Coffee industry Cosmetics Dairy product industry Detergent industry Electronic industry Electroplating industry Explosive industry Fats Fertilizer industry Fish flour industry Fishing industry Flour industry Food processing industry Foundry Glass industry Industrial sanitation Industries Laundries Leather industry Lime and gypsum industry 32 33 ALPHABETICAL SECTION 1 It consist of an alphabetical list of descriptors and their relations. The symbols used to represent them in the Thesaurus are the following: Symbol SN SCOPE NOTE Specifies the sense of the descriptor for purposes of indexing UF USED FOR He points out the synonyms or not descriptors; are not valid for the indexing BT BROADER TERM Points out the broader or generic term, who belongs the descriptor ST SPECIFIC TERM Points out the terms derived (types or classes) from the base descriptor RT RELATED TERM Indicates a concept that is closely related Each base descriptor is accompanied by a code that locates it either in the semantic or classified section. Example Wastewater 5100 SN Water containing solid and liquid residues that has been used for domestic or municipal purposes. For industrial wastewaters use: Industrial effluents UF Refuse Septic water Sewage Effluents BT Water ST Raw effluents Industrial effluents Treated effluents Combined effluents Sludge Domestic effluents RT Wastewater disposal Wastewater treatment Water contamination Wastewater characteristics Wastewater use Treatment plants There exist remitances to two descriptors. Example: Fecal bacteria USE Coliforms/ Enterobacteriaceae 2 Means that is necessary to use the two descriptors individually. The "/ " is a form of each descriptor. 3 Abandoned vehicles 6101 BT Metallic wastes Acaricides 0403 RT Mites Abattoirs (Sanitation) USE Slaughterhouse sanitation Accidents caused by electrical discharges 9100 UF Electric shocks BT Occupational accidents RT Electrical energy Abiotic factors 2104 RT Biomass Biota Ecology Ecosystem Biotic factors Accidents consequences 9104 ST Wounds and injuries RT Workmen's compensation Occupational medicine Occupational accidents Rehabilitation Absenteeism Aboriginal civilizations USE Indigenous populations Aboriginal ethnic groups USE Indigenous populations Accidents prevention 9101 RT Occupational accidents Personal protection Radiological protection Occupational health Aboriginal organizations USE Indigenous organizations Aboriginal tribes USE Indigenous populations Accidents with toxics USE Chemical accidents Aboriginesl USE Indigenous populations Acclimatization USE Biological adaptation Absenteeism 9104 RT Accidents consequences Occupational diseases Accounting 2706 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Billing Absorption 2400 SN The inclusion of a substance within another BT Chemical process RT Oxigenation Wastewater treatment Water treatment Adsorption Acelerated sedimentation 5312 UF High-rate sedimentation Plate sedimentation Tube sedimentation RT Sedimentation Wastewater treatment Acid precipitation USE Acid rain Abstract services USE Information services Abstracting and indexing 2707 UF Document analysis Information analysis RT Documentation Acid rain 3402 UF Acid precipitation RT Water acidity Air contamination 2 Acidification SN Acid soils USE Soil acidity Acid water 3000 UF Sour water BT Water RT Acids Corrosive water BT RT Acidification 2400 BT Chemical process RT Acids Acid rain Neutralization Acidity Water treatment Activated sludge 5308 SN Sludge through which comprised air is introduced or aerated by mechanical agitation. Its characte-ristic is to get aerobic bacteria which adsorb, absorb, and transform the organic pollutants BT Sludge ST Pure oxygen activated sludge Prolonged aeration activated sludge High rate activated sludge RT Fermentation Denitrification Biodegradation Digesters Aeration Aerobic digestion Diffusers Wastewater treatment Oxidation ditches Secondary sedimentation Biological treatment Nitrification Sludge treatment Suspended biomass reactors Acidity 2400 ST Water acidity Soil acidity RT Acidification Acids Corrosion pH Acids 2400 BT Chemical compounds ST Organic acids RT Acidity Acid water Acidification Neutralization Acoustic contamination USE Sound contamination Active substances to blue methylene USE Tensoactive agents Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 0202 UF AIDS BT Communicable diseases RT HIVAcreditation 1404 RT ISO 9000 Total quality Carbon obtained from vegetal matter by carbonization without air, preferably in vacuum. Its characteristic is to absorb great amount of gas Charcoal Filtration media Adsorption Contact column Advanced treatment Acute toxicity 9201 2303 BT Toxicity RT Chronic toxicity Adhered biomass models USE Biological filters Activated carbon (Environmental health) 5312 4312 Administration USE Organization and 3 administration UF RT Administrative aspects USE Organization and administration Adolescents 2700 UF Young people RT Child Women Health education Adsorption 2400 4312 SN Retention or adherency of a liquid or gas to a solid body surface or around suspended colloid particles BT Unit operations RT Flocculation filtration Filtration Aeration Contact column Activated carbon Absorption Water contamination effects Air contamination effects Water contamination Air contamination Environmental impact Aedes 2407 BT Mosquitões RT Yellow fever Aerated ponds 5311 SN Wastewater treatment lagoons in which mechanical aeration or air diffusion is used to supply oxygen BT Stabilization ponds Aeration 5310 4323 BT Unit operations RT Adsorption Aerators Air Chemical oxygen demand Biochemical oxygen demand Diffusers Gases Activated sludge Water self-purification Oxigenation Oxygen Oxygen transfer Secondary treatment Adults 2700 RT Health education Women Advanced removal USE Advanced treatment Advanced treatment 5312 UF Tertiary treatment Advanced removal RT Freezing Distillation Activated carbon Ion exchange Inverse osmosis Chemical oxidation Advanced treatment plants Electrodialysis Wastewater treatment Aerators 5310 BT Plant equipment RT Aeration Aerial photography USE Photogrametry Aerial triangulation USE Photogrametry Aerobacter aerogenes USE Enterobacter Advanced treatment plants 5312 UF Tertiary treatment plants BT Treatment plants RT Advanced treatment Aerobic bacteria 2407 BT Bacteria RT Biochemical oxygen demand Aerobic decomposition Adverse effects 0000 4 Aerobic digestion Aerobic ponds Aerobic process USE Aerobic decomposition Aerobic treatment 5308 BT Biological treatment RT Aerobic digestion Wastewater treatment Aerobic breakdown USE Aerobic decomposition Aerobic decomposition 5308 SN Organic matter decomposition by aerobic bacteria action UF Aerobic breakdown Aerobic process RT Aerobic ponds Aerobic bacteria Biodegradation Aerobic digestion Aerobic digestion 2405 5314 SN Suspended organic matter digestion due to aeration UF Aerobic breakdown Aerobic process BT Biological process RT Sludge digestion Aerobic bacteria Aerobic decomposition Digesters Aerobic ponds Activated sludge Aerobic treatment Aerosols 8208 2400 SN Suspension of fine solid or liquid particles in gas (smoke, fog and mist) RT Colloids Photochemical mist Dust Gaseous contaminants Suspended particles Aflatoxins 2407 BT Mycotoxins Affluents USE Water resources African trypanosomiasis 0202 UF Sleeping sickness BT Communicable diseases RT Trypanosoma Age USE Age and fatigue factors Aerobic filters 4307 5304 BT Filters RT Aerobic filtration Aerobic treatment Age and fatigue factors USE Fatigue Aerobic filtration 4307 5304 BT Filtration RT Aerobic filters Agricultural engineering USE Agronomy Aerobic ponds 5311 UF High rate ponds Photosynthetic ponds High biomass production ponds BT Stabilization ponds RT Aerobic digestion Aerobic bacteria Aerobic decomposition Oxigenation Agricultural pests 0403 RT Pest control Agricultural soils USE Agricultural zones Agricultural toxics USE Pesticides Agricultural zones 7702 5 UF RT Agricultural soils Crops Agriculture UF Agriculture 7702 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended RT Agronomy Fertilizers Livestock Agricultural zones Manure RT Air chemical characteristics USE Air characteristics Air chemistry 8000 RT Air Air analysis Air characteristics Chemistry Agronomy 7702 UF Agricultural engineering RT Pest control Agriculture Soils AIDS USE Acquired syndrome Air chemical characteristics Air physical characteristics Air properties Air nature Air analysis Air contamination Air quality Air chemistry Air conditioning 9211 RT Air Central heating Humidity Ventilation immunodeficiency Air 8000 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended RT Atmosphere Aeration Air conditioning Air contamination Air quality Environment Air chemistry Air self-purification Air contaminants 8208 UF Air contam ination sources BT Environmental contaminants RT Biological contaminants Photochemical mist Chemical contaminants Physical contaminants Air contamination Gas exhaust Smoke Occupational air contaminants Radioactive air contaminants Plumes Air analysis 8107 RT Air contamination Air quality Air characteristics Laboratories Air samples Sampling Air chemistry Analytical methods Air contamination 8200 UF Air pollution Atmospheric contamination Visibility Air contamination control Air contamination effects BT Environmental contamination RT Air analysis Air quality Ozone layer Air characteristics Air blowoff valves 4406 BT Blowoff valves Air characteristics 8000 6 Air Contaminant dispersion Incineration Acid rain Radioactive air contamination Air contaminants Contaminant transport Effects Exhaust fans Ringelman chart Sewage collectors Air filtration Humidity Air monitoring Air quality standards Particle removal Air properties USE Air characteristics Air purification USE Air self-purification Air quality 8100 BT Environmental quality RT Air Air analysis Air characteristics Air contamination Air quality control Air quality criteria Air quality models Air quality standards Air contamination control USE Air contamination / Control Air quality control 8100 RT Air quality Quality control Air contamination effects USE Air contamination / Adverse effects Air quality criteria 8100 8900 RT Air quality Air quality models Air quality standards Air contamination sources USE Air cotaminants Air filtration 8700 RT Air contamination Bag filters Air injection into sewers 5202 RT Sewerage Sewerage hydraulics Air quality models 8100 RT Air quality Air quality criteria Air quality standards Air quality standards 8900 BT Environmental quality standards RT Air contamination Air quality criteria Air quality models Air quality Air monitoring 8100 BT Environmental monitoring RT Air quality control Air contamination Air samples Monitoring networks Air samples 8107 RT Air analysis Aspirator bottles Particle counting Air monitoring Air nature USE Air characteristics Air physical characteristics USE Air characteristics Air self-purification 8000 UF Air purification RT Photolysis Photooxidation Air pollution USE Air contamination 7 Air Photochemical RT Airborne particles 8208 BT Particles Aircraft sanitation 0509 UF Aircrafts Airplanes BT Sanitation RT Airports Algicides Phytoplankton Aquatic microorganisms Eutrophication Water odour Aquatic flora Nutrients Water color Water flavour Algae control USE Algae / Control Aircrafts USE Aircraft sanitation Algicides 0403 SN Substances which destroy weeds BT Pesticides RT Copper sulphate Algae Airplanes USE Aircraft sanitation Airports 0509 RT Aircraft sanitation Transports Alkaline battery 2801 BT Battery RT Button-cell battery Electric battery Alcaligenes USE Alkalines Alkaline soils USE Soil alkalinity Alcohol industry 9400 UF Sugar industry effluents BT Industries RT Alcohols Alkaline water USE Water alkalinity Alcohols 2400 BT Organic compounds ST Ethyl alcohol RT Alcohol industry Aldehydes 2400 BT Organic compounds Alkalines 2400 UF Alkalis Base RT Chemical compounds Carbonates Hydroxydes Alkalinization 2400 UF Basification BT Chemical process RT Neutralization Water treatment Aldrin 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides Algae 3109 UF Microalgae Algae control ST Brown algae Red algae Cyanobacteria Green algae Diatoms Alkalis USE Alkalines Allergens 9200 RT Hypersensitivity 8 Aluminum sulphate 2400 4303 UF Alum BT Sulphates RT Aluminium Allergies USE Hypersensitivity/ Allergens Alluviums 0800 UF Landslips Avalanches Collapses Huaicos BT Geological disasters RT Floods (Environmental health) Alluviums 0600 BT Geological disasters RT Landslides Amazonas USE Amazone ecosystem Amazone ecosystem 2104 UF Amazonas BT Ecosystem RT Tropical ecosystem Tropical zones Alpha particles 2304 8208 SN Positive headed particles by emitted radioactive materials UF Alpha radiations RT Ionized radiation Amianthus USE Asbesto Alpha radiations USE Alpha particles Amine 2400 BT Organic compounds Altered environment USE Ecological disorder Amino acids 2400 BT Organic compounds RT Organic acids Proteins Alternative energy USE Non conventional energy Alum USE Aluminum sulphate Ammonia 2400 UF Ammonia nitrogen BT Nitrogen compounds RT Hydroxydes Fertilizers Nitrification Alumina USE Aluminium oxide Aluminium 2400 BT Chemical elements ST Aluminium oxide RT Aluminum industry Aluminum sulphate Aluminium oxide 2400 UF Alumina BT Aluminium Ammonia nitrogen USE Ammonia Amoebas 2407 UF Amoebas BT Protozoa ST Entamoeba histolytica Entamoeba RT Amoebiasis Aluminum industry 9400 BT Metalworking industry RT Aluminium Amoebiasis 0202 BT Gastrointestinal diseases RT Food contamination 9 Amoebas Anaerobic bacteria Imhoff tanks Digesters Anaerobic ponds Upflow anaerobic sludge bioreactors Anaerobic treatment Anaerobic bacteria 2407 BT Bacteria RT Anaerobic decomposition Anaerobic digestion Anaerobic ponds Anaerobic filters 4307 5304 BT Filters RT Anaerobic filtration Anaerobic treatment Anaerobic breakdown USE Anaerobic decomposition Anaerobic contact process 5308 SN Anaerobic treatment process in which the microorganisms respon-sible for the waste stabilization are removed from the effluents treated by sedimentation or other pro-cesses and reintegrated to the process in order to accelerate the treatment velocity RT Anaerobic digestion Secondary treatment Anaerobic filtration 5304 BT Filtration RT Anaerobic filters Anaerobic ponds 5311 BT Stabilization ponds RT Anaerobic decomposition Anaerobic digestion Anaerobic bacteria Anaerobic decomposition 5308 SN Organic matter decomposition by anaerobic bacteria action UF Anaerobic process Anaerobic break down RT Fermentation Anaerobic bacteria Biodegradation Anaerobic digestion Anaerobic ponds Anaerobic process USE Anaerobic decomposition Anaerobic digestion 2405 5314 SN Organic matter degradation due to microorganism action without basic oxygen UF Anaerobic process Anaerobic breakdown BT Biological process ST Thermophilic anaerobic digestion High rate anaerobic digestion RT Sludge digestion Anaerobic decomposition Anaerobic contact process Biogas Septic tanks Thermal treatment Analytical balances 1404 BT Laboratory equipment Anaerobic treatment 5308 BT Biological treatment RT Anaerobic digestion Wastewater treatment Anaerobic filters Upflow anaerobic sludge bioreactors Analytical methods 3307 5301 ST Atomic absorption Spectrum analysis Gas chromatography Standard plate counting Colorimetry Colimetry Dosimetry Flame emission Spectrophotometry Spectrometry Spectrography 10 RT USE Congresses Gravimetry Radiometry Nephelometry and turbidimetry Water analysis Soil analysis Air analysis Methods Sampling Annual variations 4612 BT Water consumption variations Anopheles 2407 BT Mosquitões RT Plasmodium Malaria Analytical models USE Mathematical models Anthracite 4307 BT Charcoal RT Filtration media Analytical quality control 3300 4800 BT Quality control RT Water analysis Anthax 0202 BT Communicable disease Antibiotics 2405 BT Pharmaceutic industry RT Fungi Bactericides Ancylostoma 2407 BT Helminths RT Ancylostomiasis Ancylostomiasis 0202 BT Helminthiasis RT Ancylostoma Necator Anticorrosives 2400 4310 RT Antioxidants Corrosion Anticyclonic zones 2108 BT Climatic zones Andean ecosystem 2104 UF Andes BT Ecosystem Antidotes 9201 RT Toxicity Toxic compounds Andes USE Andean ecosystem Antimony 2400 BT Chemical elements Anhydrides USE Oxides Antioxidants 2400 4310 UF Corrosion inhibitors Corrosion resistance RT Anticorrosives Oxidation Animal feeding 2405 UF Animal food Forage RT Pasture Appropriate technology 1300 BT Technology RT Intermediate technology Low cost technology Animal food USE Animal feeding Animals USE Fauna Aquaculture 3709 SN Culture of plants and animals in water Annals 11 RT Fish culture Water use BT RT Aquatic biology Algae Marine flora Aquatic fauna Phytoplankton Flora Fungi Macrophyton Plankton Aquatic flora proliferation USE Eutrophication Aquaprivies USE Latrines (Environmental health) Aquatic animals USE Aquatic fauna Aquatic biology 3109 UF Water biology Hydrobiology ST Aquatic fauna Aquatic flora RT Marine biology Biology Aquatic environment Water microbiology Aquatic microorganisms 3109 RT Algae Water microbiological characteristics Aquatic organisms USE Aquatic fauna Aquatic chemistry USE Water chemistry Aquatic plants USE Aquatic flora Aquatic ecology USE Aquatic environment Aquatic suspension 2400 RT Flotation Chemistry Aquatic environment 2104 UF Aquatic ecology RT Aquatic biology Marine environment Aquatic vegetation USE Aquatic flora Aqueducts USE Water supply / Water distribution networks Aquatic fauna 3109 UF Aquatic animals Aquatic organisms BT Aquatic biology RT Game Marine fauna Fauna Aquatic flora Shellfish Water microbiology Mollusca Benthic fauna Fishes Zooplankton Aquifers 3200 SN Subsurface water in the saturation zone BT Groundwater RT Marine intrusion Wells Aquifers recharge Saturated soils Aquifers recharge 4105 ST Natural recharge Artificial recharge RT Seepage Aquifers Groundwater Aquatic flora 3109 UF Aquatic vegetation Aquatic plants 12 Architecture 2605 RT Construction Design Civil engineering SN Arid soils USE Arid zones BT RT Arid zones 7307 UF Desert Arid soils BT Climatic zones RT Oases Desertification Increase of the natural infiltration of surface or storm water in subterranean rocks or channels. The recharge can be done by injecting water, changing the natural conditions, or building up a special construction Aquifers recharge Natural recharge Asbestos 2400 UF Amianthus RT Asbestosis Asbestos industry Asbestos industry 9400 RT Asbestos Asbestosis Building industry Asbestos-cement pipes Arsenic 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Arseniosis Arseniosis 9200 BT Occupational diseases RT Arsenic Asbestos-cement pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines RT Asbestos industry Cement industry Artesian water 3000 3200 SN Groundwater with enough pressure to flow up without pumping BT Groundwater RT Artesian wells Asbestosis 9200 BT Pneumoconiosis RT Asbestos Asbestos industry Artesian wells 4105 BT Wells RT Artesian water Ascariasis 0202 BT Helminthiasis RT Ascaris Arthropods 2407 ST Mites Insects RT Pest control Ascaris 2407 BT Nematodes RT Ascariasis Arthropods control USE Insect control Ascomicetos 3109 BT Fungi Artificial fertilizers USE Fertilizers Ash 6605 SN Inorganic non-volatile waste which results from the combustion of an organic compound like charcoal, wood, etc RT Incineration Artificial lakes USE Impoundings Artificial recharge 4105 13 Asphyxiating gases 2400 8208 BT Gases RT Hydrocyanic acid Methane Carbon monoxide Attached biomass USE Attached biomass reactors Attached biomass reactors 5308 UF Attached biomass BT Biological reactors RT Biological filters Aspirator bottles 1404 BT Laboratory equipment RT Air samples Audiovisual material USE Audiovisual means Assimilative capacity USE Water self-purification Audiovisual means 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Audiovisuals Tapes Transparencies films Disks Slides Audiovisual material Films Videos RT Reference books Asthma 0202 TG Respiratory diseases Atlas 0000 RT Maps Atmosphere 2104 2108 UF Atmospheric environment RT Air Biosphere Atmospheric pressure Atmospheric contamination USE Air contamination Automatic control 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Water conservation devices Control Automation Atmospheric environment USE Atmosphere Atmospheric precipitation USE Rain / Snow Automatic data processing 2504 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Computer systems Atmospheric pressure 2108 UF Barometric pressure RT Meteorology Atmosphere Automatic washing filters 4307 5304 BT Filters RT Filter washing Atomic absorption 2304 BT Analytical methods RT Spectrophotometry Spectrometry Automation 2504 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination, unless the topic of automation is treated exclusively. In this case use field 87: Main descriptors UF Mechanization RT Remote sensors Atomic absorption spectrophotometers 1404 3307 5301 7203 BT Spectrophotometers Atomic energy USE Nuclear energy 14 Automatic control Bacterial diseases USE Bacterial infections Automobile exhaust USE Non-point sources Avalanches USE Landslides Bacterial growth 5308 5314 UF Bacterial growth phases RT Nutrients Biofilm Endogenous respiration Biological treatment Bacteria Axial flow pumps 4204 BT Pumps Bacterial growth phases USE Bacterial growth Bacillary dysentery 0202 UF Shigellosis BT Gastrointestinal diseases RT Shigella Bacterial infections 0202 UF Bacterial diseases ST Botulism RT Bacteria Backwater USE Singularities Bactericides 0403 UF Germicides BT Pesticides RT Bacteria Antibiotics Automobiles USE Non-point sources Bacteria 2407 UF Pathogenic agents Pathogens Pathogenic organisms ST Aerobic bacteria Anaerobic bacteria Leptospira Clostridium Coliforms Iron bacteria Enterobacteriaceae RT Contamination indicators Bacteriophages Bactericides Bacteriology Bacterial growth Bacterial infections Bacteriological analysis 3307 4807 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors BT Microbiological analysis ST Multiple tube method RT Bacteriology Water bacteriological charac-teristics Bacteriology 2407 RT Bacteriological analysis Bacteria Water bacteriological characteristics Microbiology Parasitology Virology Bacteria die-off USE T90 Bacteriophages 2407 RT Bacteriology Bacteria Bacteria fading USE T90 Bag filters 8700 BT Filters RT Air filtration Bacterial die-off USE T90 15 Bagassosis USE Pneumoconiosis Beach cleaning USE Beach sanitation Bamboo pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines Beach contamination 3504 BT Coastal contamination RT Beaches Beach sanitation Barium 2400 BT Chemical elements Beach erosion 7301 BT Erosion RT Beaches Barometric pressure USE Atmospheric pressure Beach sanitation 0511 BT Sanitation RT Coastal contamination Beaches Beach contamination Base USE Alkalines Basic sanitation 0100 BT Sanitation RT Rural development Excreta disposal Latrines Sanitary profiles Public bathing facilities Beaches 0511 BT Coasts RT Recreational water Beach contamination Beach erosion Beach sanitation Recreational zones Basification USE Alkalinization Basin development USE Basins Basins 3200 UF Basin development ST Hydrographic basins Shared basins RT Hydrology Water resources Interbasin transfer Beef cattle 2803 UF Cattle Bovine cattle RT Meat industry Beers (Industry) USE Brewery Benthic fauna 3109 UF Benthos Macrobenthos Benthic organisms RT Aquatic fauna Seabottom Benthic flora Battery 2801 BT Energy ST Electric battery Alkaline battery Button – cell battery Bathtubs USE Sanitary devices Benthic flora 3109 RT Benthic fauna Aquatic flora Seabottom Bays 2403 BT Geographical features RT Coasts 16 Benthic organisms USE Benthic fauna Global agreements Regional agreements Billing 4609 5700 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Commercialization Accounting Benthos USE Benthic fauna Bentonite 4307 RT Clay Filtration media Bioaccumulation 2405 UF Bioconcentration Biological accumulation RT Biodegradation Toxicity Conservative contaminants Benzene 2400 BT Hydrocarbon Benzopyrenes 2400 BT Organic compounds RT Carcinogens Beryllium 2400 BT Chemical elements Bioassays 3307 4807 SN Water test to determine its pollution. It is also applied to living organisms under controlled conditions UF Tests Biosimulation BT Biological analysis RT Simulation Water analysis Water samples Daphnia Beta particles USE Beta rays Beta radiations USE Beta rays Beta rays 2304 8208 UF Beta particles Beta radiations RT Ionized radiation Biocenology 2104 SN Study of plants and animals in relation to a feeding area RT Biological communities Ecology Biology Biological adaptation Biochemical oxygen demand 3109 3307 SN Water pollution index which represents the biochemical degradable substances content in water. Amount of oxygen required by bacteria to oxidize the organic matter. It is generally measured in milligrammes per litre. UF BOD RT Water analysis Aerobic bacteria Water biological characteristics Bibliographic data banks USE Bibliographic data bases Bibliographic data bases 2707 UF Bibliographic data banks RT Information systems Bibliographies 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination BT Reference books Bidet USE Sanitary devices Bilateral agreements 1900 RT Environmental legislation 17 Nitrogenous deoxygenation Oxygen consumption Water contamination Eutrophication Biodegradation Metabolism Oxygen level Oxigenation Dissolved oxygen Endogenous respiration Oxygen transfer Aeration Organic load Biochemical oxygen demand Water self-purification Anaerobic decomposition Aerobic decomposition Activated sludge Metabolism Soil biology Biological process Biological treatment Organic load Conservative contaminants Organic wastes Bioaccumulation Biochemical reaction 2408 RT Biochemistry Biodigesters USE Biogas digesters Biochemistry 2408 RT Biodegradation Biology Biogeochemical cycle Fermentation Metabolism Proteins Chemistry Biological reaction Biochemical reaction Endogenous respiration Biotechnology Biodisks USE Rotary disks Biodiversity 2201 UF Biological diversity RT Endangered species Environmental protection Natural resources Biofilm 5308 5310 UF Biological film RT Bacterial growth Biological filters Biological reactors Biological treatment Biocides USE Pesticides Biofilters USE Biological filters Bioconcentration USE Bioaccumulation Biogas 2801 SN Combustible gas produced by the organic matter treatment UF Biological gas BT Non conventional energy RT Fermentation Biogas digesters Anaerobic digestion Methane Composting Biodegradable contaminants USE Biodegradation Biodegradable wastes USE Organic wastes Biodegradation 5308 2405 UF Non conservative contaminants Putrefaction Biodegradable contaminants Biological degradation RT Biochemistry Biogas digesters 2801 UF Biodigesters 18 BT RT Biological contamination 2302 BT Environmental contamination RT Biological contaminants Biological treatment Digesters Biogas Biogeochemical cycle 2408 RT Biochemistry Carbon cycle Nitrogen cycle Biological degradation USE Biodegradation Biological accumulation USE Bioaccumulation Biological disks USE Rotary disks Biological adaptation 2405 UF Acclimatization RT Biocenology Biological diversity USE Biodiversity Biological film USE Biofilm Biological analysis 3307 4807 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors ST Bioassays Microbiological analysis Parasitological analysis RT Water analysis Biology Water biological characteristics Laboratories Biological filters 4307 5308 SN Filters with slow velocity. his favours a biological active film UF Biofilters Biological filtration Percolating filters BT Filters RT Humus Biofilm Wastewater treatment Biological process Attached biomass reactors Biological and chemical weapons 2302 2303 UF Bioterrorism RT Nuclear weapons Toxicity Military activities Biological filtration USE Biological filters Biological gas USE Biogas Biological aspects USE Biology Biological oxidation 2405 BT Oxidation RT Fermentation Photooxidation Biological reaction Biological communities 2104 RT Biocenology Habitat Biological contaminants 2302 BT Environmental contaminants ST Organic contaminants RT Biological contamination Water contaminants Air contaminants Soil contaminants Biological process 2405 ST Photosynthesis Anaerobic digestion Composting Aerobic digestion Activated sludge RT Biology 19 Biological filters Biodegradation Biological reaction Fauna Flora Genetics Metabolism Microbiology Parasitology Biological process Biological reaction Biological reaction 2405 RT Biology Biochemistry Biological oxidation Biological process Biological reactors Biological treatment Biomass 2104 SN Total amount of organisms living in an ecosystem in a specific moment RT Biota Biotic factors Abiotic factors Organic matter Plankton Ecosystem Biological reactors 5308 ST Upflow anaerobic sludge bioreactors Attached biomass reactors Suspended biomass reactors RT Expanded bed Fixed bed Fluidized bed Moving bed Biofilm Biological reaction Biomass reactors USE Suspended biomass reactors Bioremediation 7401 BT Remediation RT Biodegradation Biological treatment Organic contaminants Biological treatment 5308 SN Wastewater treatment in which the biochemical or bacterial action is intensified in order to stabilize, oxidize and nitrify the existent organic matter ST Aerobic treatment Anaerobic treatment RT Bacterial growth Biodegradation Biological contamination Activated sludge Evaporation ponds Biological reaction Wastewater treatment Oxidation ditches Denitrification Stabilization ponds Biosimulation USE Bioassays / Simulation Biosphere 2108 RT Atmosphere Ecology Ecosystem Biota 2104 SN It includes the fauna and flora of a specific region RT Biomass Ecology Abiotic factors Biotic factors Biology 2405 UF Biological aspects RT Biological analysis Biocenology Aquatic biology Soil biology Biochemistry Biotechnology 2405 RT Biochemistry Microbiology Fermentation 20 Biotic factors 2104 SN Factors ruling the living organism functions RT Biomass Ecosystem Ecology Abiotic factors Biota Boxes USE Chambers Brackish water USE Saline waters Birds 2803 RT Poultry Breakpoint chlorination 4308 SN Chlorine addition to water or wastewater until the chlorine demand is satisfied BT Chlorination Blockage USE Obstructions (Sewerage) Brewery 9400 BT Industries Blowoff valves 4406 BT Water valves ST Air blowoff valves Bromination 4308 BT Water disinfection RT Bromine Halogenated contaminants Halogenation Trihalomethanes Blue-green algae USE Cyanobacteria Bromine 4308 BT Chemical elements RT Water disinfectants Bromination BOD USE Biochemical oxygen demand Bodies of water USE Water resources Brooks USE Water currents Bogs USE Wetlands Brown algae 3109 UF Phaeophyceae BT Algae Boilers 1600 BT Plant equipment RT Heaters Borehole latrines USE Latrines (Environmental health) Brucellosis 0202 UF Malta fever BT Zoonosis Boron 2400 BT Chemical elements Building connections USE Sanitary installations Botulism 0202 0507 BT Bacterial infections RT Clostridium Cannery Building industry 9400 BT Industries RT Construction Lumber industry Painting industry Asbestos industry Cement industry Glass industry Bovine cattle USE Beef cattle 21 Construction materials Linings Calibration 1404 RT Equipment Building specifications 2600 RT Construction Pipe laying Calorific capacity USE Calorific power Calorific power 2305 UF Calorific capacity RT Heat Calorimetry Combustion Calorimetry 2305 RT Heat Calorific power Burnt lime USE Calcium oxide Butterfly valves 4406 BT Water valves Button-cell battery 2801 BT Battery RT Alkaline battery Electric battery Cancer USE Neoplasms Cadmium 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Toxic metals Canned food USE Cannery Calcareous soils 7103 BT Soils Canned products USE Cannery Calcium 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Water hardness Magnesium calcium carbonate Calcium hydroxyde Calcium hypochlorite Calcium oxide Cannery 9400 UF Canned food Canned products BT Industries RT Botulism Sterilization Food additives Food processing industry Packing industry Calcium hydroxyde 2400 UF Lime Slaked lime BT Hydroxydes RT Calcium Capital financing 1800 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Self-financing Financial aspects RT Economic aspects Cost-benefit analysis Public works Costs and cost analysis Calcium hypochlorite 2400 BT Chlorine compounds RT Calcium Calcium oxide 2400 UF Burnt lime BT Oxides RT Calcium Carbaryl 0403 22 UF BT Sevin Insecticides BT ST Carbofurano 0403 BT Insecticides RT Chemical compounds Magnesium calcium carbonate Sodium carbonate Alkalines Decarbonation Carbon 2400 BT Chemical elements ST Graphite Carbon 14 RT Organic compounds Charcoal Carbon cycle Carcass disposal 6200 BT Organic wastes RT Dead animals Carbon 14 2400 BT Carbon Carbon anhydride USE Carbon dioxide Carcinogens 0202 UF Carcinogen substances RT Benzopyrenes Hydrocarbon Neoplasms Cardboard USE Pulp and paper industry Carcinogen substances USE Carcinogens Carbon bioxide USE Carbon dioxide Carbon cycle 2400 RT Carbon Biogeochemical cycle Carbon dioxide Caries 0202 RT Hydrofluoric acid Fluorine Mottled enamel Fluoridation Carbon dioxide 2400 UF Carbon anhydride Carbon bioxide BT Oxides RT Photosynthesis Carbon monoxide Carbon cycle Cartography 7100 2403 RT Topography Case studies 0000 BT Cases RT Feasibility studies Carbon gaseous contaminants 8208 2303 BT Gaseous contaminants ST Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Case-control studies 0202 BT Epidemiological studies RT Cohort studies Cross-sectional studies Longitudinal studies Carbon monoxide 8208 BT Carbon gaseous contaminants RT Charcoal Carbon dioxide Asphyxiating gases Cases USE Case studies Carbonates 2400 Catchement areas Catastrophes USE Disasters 23 USE Water catchment UF Catchment works 4107 BT Hydraulic structures ST Impoundings Reservoirs Dams RT Sluice gates Spillways Chambers Water catchment Dykes Transitions Derivation tunnels TG Cemeteries Graveyards Sanitation Census 0000 UF Inventories RT Population census Photogrametry Central heating 9211 ST Solar heating RT Air conditioning Heaters Heat Centrifugal pumps 4204 BT Pumps Catchment zones USE Water catchment Centrifuges 5314 1404 BT Laboratory equipment Cathodic protection 2400 RT Corrosion Electrochemistry Corrosion inhibitors Cattle USE Beef cattle Ceramics (Industry) USE Ceramics industry Ceramics industry 9400 BT Industries Cesium 2400 BT Chemical elements Caustic soda USE Sodium hydroxyde Cavitation 3103 SN Formation and rapid collapse of cavities or vapor bubbles in areas where the high velocity of the water reduces the pressure Cesspits 5600 SN A brick or concrete-lined tank for collecting sewage where no sewage system exists. The cesspit is becoming obsolete and the septic tank is preferred UF Cesspools Septic trenches BT Excreta disposal RT Latrines Septic tanks Cellulose 2400 BT Organic compounds RT Lumber industry Pulp and paper industry Cement USE Cement industry Cesspools USE Cesspits Cement industry 9400 UF Cement RT Building industry Asbestos-cement pipes Cestodes 2407 BT Helminths ST Diphyllobothrium RT Aquatic microorganisms Cemetery sanitation 0505 24 Chagas disease 0202 UF South American trypanosomiasis BT Communicable diseases RT Trypanosoma Chemical compound exposure 2303 9300 BT Environmental risk exposure ST Plaguicide exposure RT Chemical contaminants Chambers 4107 UF Boxes RT Catchment works Chemical compounds 2400 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended UF Chemical substances Chemical agents Chemical products ST Acids Oxides Carbonates Chlorine compounds Chlorides Phenolic compounds Ferric compounds Halide Organic compounds Sulphur compounds RT Gases Alkalines Food additives Tar Chemical contaminants Chemical elements Solvents Chemistry Chemical industry Chemical contaminants 2303 8208 BT Environmental contaminants RT Chemical compounds Chemical contamination Conservative contaminants Chemical water contaminants Air contaminants Soil contaminants Gaseous contaminants Industrial contaminants Inorganic contaminants Organic contaminants Chemical compound exposure Toxic substances Hazardous wastes Charcoal 2801 BT Fossil fuels ST Anthracite Activated carbon Coke RT Carbon Organic compounds Carbon monoxide Charges USE Tariffs (Sanitary services) Check valves 4406 BT Water valves Cheese (Industry) USE Dairy product industry Chemical accidents 9100 2303 BT Occupational accidents RT Toxic substances Oil spills Chemical agents USE Chemical compounds Chemical analysis 2400 3307 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Water analysis Determination Laboratories Chemistry Chemical clarification 4303 4304 RT Filtration Flocculation Sedimentation Wastewater treatment Water treatment Chemical contamination 2303 UF Chemical risks 25 BT RT Chemical industry 9400 BT Industries RT Chemical contamination Chemical compounds Environmental contamination Industrial contamination Chemical water contamination Chemical contaminants Chemical industry Chemical oxidation 2400 BT Oxidation RT Photooxidation Advanced treatment Chemical elements 2400 ST Aluminium Antimony Arsenic Sulfur Barium Beryllium Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Carbon Zinc Chlorine Copper Chromium Tin Strontium Fluorine Phosphorus Hydrogen Iron Lithium Magnesium Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Nickel Nitrogen Oxygen Silver Platinum Lead Potassium Sodium Tungsten Vanadium Iodine Cesium Selenium RT Chemical compounds Chemistry Chemical oxygen demand 3107 3307 SN Index of the oxygen comsumption capacity of the inorganic and organic matter that is present in water and wastewater. It is expressed as the amount of oxygen that a chemical oxidant consumes in a specific test. It makes no difference between the instable or stable organic matter so it dões not necessarily interfere the biochemical oxygen demand UF COD RT Aeration Oxygen level Dissolved oxygen Oxygen consumption Water chemical characteristics Oxigenation Water analysis Water contamination Chemical precipitation 4321 2400 SN The precipitation generated by chemical compound addition. The water softening process by the addition of lime or lime ash and soda as precipitators BT Unit operations RT Sedimentation Physicochemical treatment Flocculation Colloids Condensation Chemical process 2400 UF Chemical treatment ST Adsorption Acidification Alkalinization 26 RT Combustion Corrosion Nitrogenous deoxygenation Decarbonation Dissolution Stabilization Ion exchange Neutralization Chemical oxidation Chemical precipitation Absorption Chemical reaction Chemistry Chemistry 2400 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended. ST Organic chemistry Inorganic chemistry RT Chemical analysis Biochemistry Chemical process Chemical elements Electrochemistry Food chemistry Water chemistry Chemical compounds Soil chemistry Oceanographic chemistry Radiochemistry Photochemical Chemical reaction Air chemistry Aquatic suspension Physics Chemical products USE Chemical compounds Chemical reactions 2400 ST Denitrification Desulphurization Halogenation Hydrogenation Hydrolysis Nitrification Oxidation Oxidation reduction Photochemical RT Chemistry Chemical process Indicators and reagents Child 2700 RT Primary health care Health education Infant mortality Women Child health 2700 BT Children RT Infant mortality Infant nutrition Chemical risks USE Chemical contamination Chemical substances USE Chemical compounds Chloramines 4308 BT Chlorine compounds RT Chlorination Chemical treatment USE Chemical process Chemical water contaminants 3500 RT Chemical contaminants Water contaminants Chemical water contamination Chlordane 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides Chlorides 2400 BT Chemical compounds ST Sodium chloride Ferric chloride RT Hydrochloric acid Polyvinyl chloride Halogenated contaminants Chemical water contamination 3500 RT Water contamination Chemical contamination Eutrophication Chemical water contaminants 27 Water disinfectants Chlorination 4308 5316 UF Declorination BT Water disinfection ST Breakpoint chlorination RT Chlorine Chloramines Chlorinators Chlorine demand Halogenation Water odour Water flavour Swimming pool sanitation Trihalomethanes Chlorine demand 4308 RT Chlorination Chlorine dioxide 2400 UF Chlorine anhydride Chlorine bioxide BT Oxides Chloroform 2400 BT Chlorine compounds Chlorophyceae USE Green algae Chlorinators 4308 BT Equipment RT Dosing Chlorination Cholera 0202 BT Waterborne diseases RT Vibrio cholerae Chlorine 4308 BT Chemical elements ST Combined available chlorine Total chlorine Residual chlorine Free chlorine RT Chlorine compounds Water disinfectants Chlorination Irritating gases Chromium 2400 BT Chemical elements Chronic toxicity 9201 BT Toxicity RT Acute toxicity Ciliates 2407 BT Protozoa RT Aquatic microorganisms Chlorine anhydride USE Chlorine dioxide Cisterns USE Tank trucks Chlorine bioxide USE Chlorine dioxide Cities 2102 RT Urban settlements Urban zones Chlorine compounds 2400 UF Polychlorinated triphenyles BT Chemical compounds ST Polychlorinated biphenyls Hydrochloric acid Chloramines Chloroform Chlorine dioxide Sodium hypochlorite Calcium hypochlorite Trihalomethanes RT Chlorine Civil defense 0800 RT Flood control Disasters Damage evaluation Fires Safety measures Disaster planning Sanitation in disasters Civil engineering 2600 28 RT Architecture Construction Design Environmental engineering Material resistance Temperature Climatic data USE Meteorologic statistics Climatic regions USE Climatic zones Clay 4307 RT Filtration media Clayey soils Bentonite Climatic zones 2108 UF Climatic regions ST Arid zones Tropical zones Temperate zones Cold zones RT Climate Climatology Clay pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines Clayey soils 7103 BT Soils RT Clay Climatology 2108 RT Climate Hydrometeorology Meteorology Climatic zones Clean technology 1300 UF Clean production BT Technology RT Appropiate technology High –cost technology Intermediate technology Low –cost technology Hazardous waste minimization Clogging USE Filter washing Clorophenols 2400 BT Organic compounds Climate 8208 ST Cold climate Temperate climate Tropical climate RT Climatology Meteorologic statistics Climate effects Temperature Climatic zones Closed conduits USE Closed water networks Closed currents 3103 UF Open channel flow BT Water currents RT Critic flow Climate change USE Climate effects Closed filters USE Pressure filters Climate effects 2108 UF Climate change Umbrella effect ST Greenhouse effect Thermal inversion RT Climate Thermic contamination control Thermal contamination effects Environmental impact Closed water networks 4402 UF Closed conduits BT Water distribution networks Clostridium 2407 BT Bacteria RT Botulism Cloud seeding 29 USE Mist catchment USE Coasts Clouds 2108 SN For thick mist, use Fog BT Meteorological factors RT Hydrologic cycle Mist Coastal streams 3103 3106 BT Marine currents RT Coasts Coastal water 3000 3106 BT Water RT Recreational water Coastal contamination Coasts Coagulants (Water treatment) 4303 5303 UF Flocculants Flocculation agents ST Sodium aluminate Ferric chloride Aluminum sulphate Ferrous sulphate Iron salts Ferric sulphate Polymers Coastal water contamination USE Coastal contamination Coastal zones USE Coasts Coasts 3106 UF Litoral Coastal areas Coastal zones Coastal line ST Beaches RT Coastal water Bays Marine environment Coastal contamination Coastal streams Coagulation (Water treatment) 4303 5303 SN Agglomeration of fine particles or colloids suspended in water, due to the addition of coagulants BT Wastewater treatment RT Absorption Chemical clarification Velocity gradient Colloids Zeta potential Chemical precipitation Physicochemical treatment Flocculation Coatings USE Linings Cobalt 2400 Coarse grained filtration USE Prefiltration COD USE Chemical oxygen demand Coastal areas USE Coasts Codes 2900 BT Environmental legislation RT Regulation Coastal contamination 3504 UF Litoral contamination Coastal water contamination ST Beach contamination RT Coastal water Sea water contamination Coasts Beach sanitation Codisposal 6308 SN Joint disposal of wastewater sludge and municipal refuse in one facility BT Hazardous waste disposal RT Land application Subsurface mines Solid waste disposal Coastal line 30 Secure landfills Sanitary landfills ST Coffee (Industry) USE Coffee industry RT Coffee industry 9400 UF Coffee processing BT Food processing industry Enterobacter Klebsiella Escherichia coli Colimetry Waterborne diseases Colimetry 3307 5301 BT Analytical methods RT Contamination indicators Coliforms Collapses USE Landslides Coffee processing USE Coffee industry Cohort studies 0202 BT Epidemiologic studies RT Case-control studies Cross-sectional studies Longitudinal studies Collection frequency 6500 RT Solid waste collection Collection routes Solid waste transport Coke 2801 BT Charcoal Collection routes 6500 RT Transfer stations Collection frequency Solid waste collection Solid waste transport Cokroaches 2407 BT Insects Cold climate 8208 BT Climate RT Cold zones Collection trucks 6501 BT Urban cleaning equipment Cold currents 3103 3106 UF Humboldt current BT Marine currents Collector channels 5200 UF Sewage collectors Sewage conduits RT Sewerage Outfalls Cold zones 2108 BT Climatic zones RT Cold climate Glacial ecosystem Colloidal chemistry USE Colloids Colloidal particles 8208 2400 UF Non-settleable particles BT Particles RT Colloids Colloidal suspension Coliform bacteria USE Coliforms Coliform group USE Coliforms Colloidal suspension 2400 ST Humic substances RT Flocculation filtration Colloids Colloidal particles Coliforms 2407 UF Coliform group Coliform bacteria Faecal bacteria BT Bacteria 31 Commercial catalogs 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination BT Reference books Colloids 2400 UF Colloidal chemistry RT Aerosols Flocculation Colloidal particles Zeta potential Chemical precipitation Dissolved solids Colloidal suspension Commercial systems USE Commercialization Commercial water consumption 4612 BT Water consumption Commercial zones 2102 UF Commercial areas Colorimetry 3307 5301 BT Analytical methods Combined available chlorine 4308 BT Chlorine Commercialization 4609 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Commercial systems RT Billing Combined effluents 5100 BT Wastewater Combined sewerage 5205 SN Sewerage for domestic waste and storm water UF Combined sewerage systems BT Sewerage RT Combined sewerage overflow Runoff coefficient Communicable diseases 0202 ST Dengue Chagas disease Leishmaniasis Leprosy Leptospirosis Rabies African trypanosomiasis Zoonosis RT Waterborne diseases Epidemiology Faeces Host-parasite relations Disease vectors Combined sewerage overflow 5205 RT Combined sewerage Combined sewerage systems USE Combined sewerage Combustion 2400 BT Chemical process RT Fossil fuels Sludge combustion Smoke Incineration Oxidation Calorific power Communications media 2707 RT Information science ST Mass media Communities USE Community development Community development 0303 SN Organization of the community life. Specially refered to the projects of innovation and better use of resources, facilities and technologies that exist in a community UF Communities Combustion chambers USE Incinerators Commercial areas USE Commercial zones 32 RT Composting 6604 SN Controlled degradation process of the organic matter by aerobic microbial BT Biological process RT Solid waste processing Compost Composting plants Biogas Worm breeding Organic wastes Community promotion Women Rural water supply Community participation Indigenous populations Community participation 0303 RT Rural water supply Community development Women Non governmental organizations Composting plants 6604 RT Composting Community promotion USE Community development Compressors 1600 BT Soft equipment RT Well drilling Community water taps USE Public standposts Community yard taps USE Public standposts Computation USE Computer systems Computer programs 2504 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Computer systems Computers System design Compact plants 4324 BT Treatment plants Compaction 6601 UF Volume reduction RT Compactors Domestic wastes Solid waste processing Computer systems 2504 UF Computation RT Data analysis System analysis Computers Information Mathematical models Computer programs Compactor collection trucks 6501 SN Closed metallic vehicles with a special mechanism to load, compress and distribute wastes in its deposit BT Urban cleaning equipment RT Compactors Computers 2504 RT Computer programs Computer systems Compactors 6601 BT Equipment RT Compaction Compactor collection trucks Concrete pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines Compost 6604 RT Manure Sludge conditioning Composting Faeces Condensation 4314 BT Unit operations RT Photochemical mist Hydrologic cycle Evaporation Humidity 33 Distillation Chemical precipitation Rain Building industry Civil engineering Sanitary installations Construction materials Land movement Public works Performance tests Conferences USE Congresses Confined water USE Groundwater Construction calculations 2600 RT Construction Congenital toxoplasmosis 0202 BT Toxoplasmosis Construction materials 2600 RT Construction Gravel Building industry Materials Congresses 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Proceedings Annals Conferences Round tables Meetings Seminars Symposiums RT Courses Construction with recycled material 2600 BT Construction materials RT Building industry Contact column 4307 5304 UF Filtration column RT Adsorption Activated carbon Filtration Ion exchange Conjuntivitis 0202 TG Bacterial infections Conservative contaminants 2303 UF Non biodegradable contaminants Persistent contaminants ST Detergents RT Bioaccumulation Biodegradation Water contaminants Chemical contaminants Soil contaminants Contaminant dispersion 3400 5500 UF Contaminant dissemination Contaminant spread RT Dilution cone Soil contamination Air contamination Marine currents Discharge dilution Diffusion Water contamination Plumes Contaminant transport Mix zones Construction 0000 2600 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination ST Hydraulic structures Foundations RT Architecture Construction calculations Design Building specifications Sanitary specifications Contaminant dissemination USE Contaminant dispersion Contaminant removal 4300 34 SN RT To be used in combination with other descriptors Recycling Wastewater treatment Industrial effluent treatment Control methods USE Control Controlled confinement USE Secure landfills Contaminant spread USE Contaminant dispersion Conventions 2900 BT Environmental legislation ST Bilateral agreements Regional agreements RT Protocol Contaminant transport 2300 6307 UF Hazardous waste transport RT Water contamination Air contamination Soil contamination Transfrontier contamination Contaminant dispersion Cooling 2409 RT Cooling water Freezing Thermic contamination control Cooling ponds Refrigeration Cooling towers Contaminated food USE Food contamination Contaminated water USE Water contamination Cooling ponds 5401 RT Cooling water Thermal contamination Thermic contamination control Cooling Wastewater treatment Contamination indicators 3400 2300 RT Bacteria Colimetry Environmental contaminants Daphnia Aquatic microorganisms Pseudomonas Inorganic tracers Organic tracers Cooling towers 3803 RT Cooling water Thermic contamination control Cooling Cooling water 3803 BT Water RT Cooling Cooling ponds Cooling towers Continental water 3900 BT Water RT Water rights Contineus recirculation 7702 RT Hydroponic systems Nutrient film technique Copper 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Copper sulphate Copper pipes Control 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Control methods Water contamination control Air contamination control Soil contamination control RT Automatic control Copper pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines RT Copper Copper sulphate 2400 35 BT RT Sulphates Copper Algicides Neutralization Corrosion Corals USE Coral reefs Cosmetic industry USE Cosmetics Coral reefs 3106 UF Corals RT Marine biology Sea water contamination Cosmetic products USE Cosmetics Cosmetics 9400 UF Cosmetic products RT Pharmaceutic industry Corrective maintenance 4700 5800 UF Repairing RT Operation and maintenance Retrofitting Cost recovery USE Cost-benefit analysis Corrosion 2400 4310 SN Gradual deterioration, especially of metals, due to chemical attack. Usually thought of as an electrochemical mechanism in the metals. Destructive action on the pipe line or channel walls due to water velocity BT Chemical process RT Corrosive water Hydrochloric acid Anticorrosives Electrochemistry Electrolysis Corrosion inhibitors Oxidation Cathodic protection Acidity pH Pipelines Corrosion inhibitors USE Anticorrosives Cost-benefit analysis 0000 1800 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Cost recovery RT Costs and cost analysis Feasibility studies Capital financing Economic aspects Costs and cost analysis 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Cost-benefit analysis Capital financ ing Cotton 7702 RT Agriculture Agricultural zones Courses 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Congresses Coxsackie A 2407 BT Enteroviruses Corrosion resistance USE Anticorrosives Corrosive water 3000 4310 SN Water with excess of sodium chloride. It produces the gradual deterioration or destruction of materials by chemical action BT Water RT Acid water CPM USE Critical path method Creosote 0403 BT Larvicides Critic flow 3103 36 SN BT RT Runoff in which the discharge is maximum for a specific energy and the specific energy is minimum for a given discharge Water flow Critic runoff Closed currents RT Social conditions Culture Culture 0000 RT Cultural aspects Culture medium 3307 4807 RT Microbiological analysis Standard plate counting Membrane filtration Critic path USE Critical path method Critic runoff 3103 RT Critic flow Hydrodynamics Cured USE Food conservation Current awareness services USE Information services Critical path method 2706 UF CPM Critic path Pert RT Planning Cyanide 2400 BT Organic compounds Cyanobacteria 3109 UF Blue-green algae Cyanophyceae BT Algae Crohn disease 0202 BT Gastrointestinal diseases Crops 7702 RT Agricultural zones Fruits Greens Pasture Cyanophyceae USE Cyanobacteria Cyclones USE Hurricanes (Environmental health) Cross-sectional studies 0202 BT Epidemiologic studies RT Cohort studies Case-control studies Longitudinal studies Cysticercosis 0202 BT Helminthiasis RT Swine Daily variations 4612 BT Water consumption variations Crossed connections USE Crossed installations Dairy (Industry) USE Dairy product industry Crossed installations 4406 UF Crossed connections BT Sanitary installations Culex 2407 BT Mosquitões RT Dengue Dairy product industry 9400 UF Dairy (Industry) Dairy products (Industry) BT Food processing industry Dairy products (Industry) USE Dairy product industry Cultural aspects 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination Damage estimate 37 USE Damage evaluation USE Sedimentation Damage evaluation 0800 UF Damage estimate RT Civil defense Evaluation Disaster planning Sanitation in disasters Environmental impact Decarbonation 2400 4317 BT Unit operations RT Carbonates Damages USE Wounds and injuries Decision making (Administration) 2706 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination, unless the sub-ject in not applied to a specific area. RT Cost-benefit analysis Operational research Organization and administration Planning Decision 2900 BT Environmental legislation RT Decree Dams 4107 BT Catchment works RT Hydroelectric energy Impoundings Daphnia 3109 RT Bioassays Contamination indicators Toxicity Declining filters 4307 RT Declining rate filtration Rapid filters Data analysis 2504 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Computer systems Declining rate filtration 4307 BT Filtration RT Rapid filtration Declining filters Declorination USE Chlorination /Contaminant removal Data collection 2707 UF Information collection RT Information Decree 2900 TG Environmental legislation TE Decree law Legislative decree Ministerial decree TR Judiciary ruling Law DDD 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides DDT 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides Dead animals 6101 BT Organic wastes RT Solid waste collection Decree law 2900 TG Decree TR Legislative decree Ministerial decree Dead water USE Stagnant water Death causes USE Mortality Decantation Deep well injection 38 USE Hazardous injection Deep wells 4105 UF Tube wells BT Wells waste deep well RT Defluoridation USE Fluoridation Population growth Demographic statistics Vital statistics Mortality Morbidity Population projection Population Demolition USE Rubble Deforestation 7305 SN Flora destruction RT Forests Reforestation Dengue 0202 BT Communicable diseases RT Culex Degasification 4318 BT Unit operations Denitrification 2400 BT Chemical reaction RT Nitrogen cycle Nitrification Activated sludge Biological treatment Degreasing 5401 RT Pretreatment Fats Deionized water 3000 BT Water RT Dialysis Ion exchange Inverse osmos is Deodorization 9211 4312 UF Odour elimination RT Water odour Ozonation Wastewater treatment Ventilation Demineralization 4309 4316 SN Reduction of mineral content in water through a physical, chemical or biological process; salt removal RT Distillators Dialysis Desalting Electrolysis Ion exchange Water hardness Inverse osmosis Water softening Derivation tunnels 4107 RT Catchment works Dermatitis 0202 RT Enviromentally related disease Occupational diseases Desalination plants 4316 RT Desalting Desalinization USE Desalting Demographic data USE Demographic statistics Demographic statistics 2700 UF Demographic data BT Statistics RT Demography Desalting 4316 SN Salt removal from water for drinking or industrial purposes UF Desalinization BT Unit operations RT Saline waters Demography 2700 39 Sea water Dialysis Ion exchange Demineralization Inverse osmosis Desalination plants Water softening Sea water catchment Descriptive epidemiology 0202 TG Epidemiologic methods TE Longitudinal studies TR Experimental epidemiology Detergent industry Laundries Determination 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination; it is usually applied to chemical elements or compounds UF Detection RT Chemical analysis Detritus USE Faeces Deuteromicetos 3109 UF Fungi imperfecti BT Fungi Desert USE Arid zones Desertification 7307 RT Erosion Environmental impact Droughts Arid zones Developed countries 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Developing countries Design 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Construction Architecture Dimensioning Civil engineering Pipe laying Technology Developing countries 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Developed countries Development and environment USE Sustainable development Development planning USE Socioeconomic planning Desulphurization 2400 BT Chemical reaction RT Sulfur Devices USE Equipment Diagnostic techniques and procedures 0202 BT Diagnosis ST Magnetic resonance imaging Detection USE Determination Detergent industry 9400 BT Industries RT Detergents Dialysis 2400 SN Separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes ST Electrodialysis RT Deionized water Desalting Demineralization Detergents 2400 3402 UF Foam BT Conservative contaminants RT Tensoactive agents Industrial effluents Eutrophication 40 Wastewater treatment Water treatment Osmosis Water softening RT Diaphragm pumps 4204 BT Pumps Diffusers Dilution Energy diffusion Contaminant dispersion Digesters 2801 5314 SN A tank where sludge is placed for digestion ST Biogas digesters RT Activated sludge Anaerobic digestion Septic tanks Aerobic digestion Imhoff tanks Dilution 2400 RT Diffusion Discharge dilution Diarrhea 0202 BT Gastrointestinal diseases Diarrhoeal diseases USE Gastrointestinal diseases Diatomaceous earth USE Diatomite filtration Diatomite filtration 4307 UF Diatomaceous earth BT Filtration RT Diatoms Dilution cone 3400 5500 RT Discharge dilution Contaminant dispersion Diatoms 3109 BT Algae RT Diatomite filtration Dimensioning 0000 RT Sewerage Water distribution networks Design Pipe laying Sewerage hydraulics Diazinon 0403 BT Organophosphorous insecticides Dictionaries 0000 UF Glossaries Vocabularies BT Reference books Dinoflagellida 2407 UF Red tide BT Protozoa Dioxins 2400 BT Chemical compounds Dieldrin 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides Diphyllobothrium 2407 BT Cestodes Diet 0305 RT Food Nutrition Diptera 2407 UF Flies BT Insects Diffusers 1600 2409 BT Plant equipment RT Diffusion Aeration Activated sludge Direct filtration 4307 BT Filtration Direct runoff USE Rainwater Diffusion 2409 5500 41 Mosquito control Rodent control Directories 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination BT Reference books RT Yearbooks Disinfection by-products 4308 ST Trihalomethanes RT Carcinogens Water disinfection Disabilities USE Wounds and injuries Disks USE Audiovisual means Disaster epidemiology 0202 0800 BT Disasters Dissolution 2400 BT Chemical process RT Solvents Disaster management 0800 BT Disasters RT Disaster planning Disaster planning 0800 UF Emergency measures Emergency plans RT Damage evaluation Dissolved matter USE Dissolved solids Dissolved organic carbon 3107 RT Water chemical characteristics Total organic carbon Dissolved oxygen 2400 3107 SN The oxygen dissolved in water, wastewater or another liquid. It is generally expressed in milligrammes per litre or in saturation percentage BT Oxygen RT Water analysis Stabilization ponds Water chemical characteristics Biochemical oxygen demand Chemical oxygen demand Disasters 0800 UF Catastrophes ST Natural disasters Man-made disasters RT Vulnerability analysis Civil defense Emergencies in disasters Safety measures Disaster planning Sanitation in disasters Risk zones Dissolved solids 5301 4305 UF Filterable total residue Dissolved matter RT Colloids Water physical characteristics Total solids Discharge dilution 5500 3400 RT Dilution cone Dilution Contaminant dispersion Submarine outfalls Distillation 4319 SN Evaporation and recondensation process which is used to separate liquids from different fractions according to their boiling point BT Unit operations RT Distilled water Condensation Solar distillation Disease vectors 0403 SN Any agent that transmits an illness from one host to another RT Waterborne diseases Communicable diseases Insects Rats Insect control 42 Distillators Advanced treatment Domestic meters USE Water discharge meters Distillators 4319 1404 BT Laboratory equipment RT Demineralization Distillation Domestic wastes 6102 SN Every kind of wastes from houses or department buildings BT Solid wastes RT Household incinerators Domestic effluents Compaction Distilled water 3000 BT Water RT Distillation Domestic water USE Potable water Document analysis USE Abstracting and indexing Domestic water consumption 4612 SN Water consumption inside the houses and buildings BT Water consumption RT Potable water Water discharge meters Documentation 2707 SN It is referred to documentation as a discipline and not as a set of documents RT Information science Thesaurus Abstracting and indexing Documentation centers USE Information centers Dosage 2400 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Dose rate RT Dosing Documentation systems USE Information systems Dose rate USE Dosage Dolomitic lime USE Magnesium calcium carbonate Dosimeters 1404 BT Laboratory equipment RT Dosimetry Domestic effluents 5100 UF Residential wastewater Municipal wastewater BT Wastewater RT Domestic wastes Grey water Dosimetry 1404 BT Analytical methods RT Dosimeters Titrimetry Double check valves 4406 BT Water valves Domestic filters 4307 BT Filters Double filters 4307 5304 BT Filters Domestic flow measurement USE Water consumption measurement Downflow filters 4307 5304 BT Filters RT Downflow filtration Slow filtration Domestic flow meters 3103 RT Water discharge 43 Dug wells 4105 BT Wells ST Driven wells Rapid filters Downflow filtration 4307 5304 BT Filtration RT Downflow filters Slow filters Rapid filtration Dung USE Manure Dust 8208 RT Aerosols Smoke Particles Dracunculosis 0202 UF Guinea worm BT Waterborne diseases Draining USE Water drainage Dyestuff 0507 2400 RT Food additives Industries Dredges 1600 BT Heavy equipment Dykes 4107 RT Catchment works Drilled wells USE Well drilling Dynamic filters 4307 BT Filters RT Dynamic filtration Drinking fountains USE Sanitary devices Dynamic filtration 4307 BT Filtration RT Dynamic filters Drinking water USE Potable water Dysentery 0202 BT Gastrointestinal diseases RT Faeces Driven wells 4105 SN A well constructed by driving a casing with a drive point BT Dug wells Earthquakes (Environmental health) 0800 BT Geological disasters RT Vulnerability analysis Drop manholes 5202 RT Sewerage Echinococcosis 0202 UF Hydatidosis BT Helminthiasis Droughts 0800 BT Meteorological factors RT Desertification Echovirus 2407 BT Enteroviruses Drugs USE Pharmaceutic industry Eco-labels USE Ecolabel Drying beds 5314 RT Sludge dehydration Ecoauditing USE Environmental audits Dual water supply networks 4402 BT Water distribution networks Ecodevelopment 44 USE Sustainable development SN Ecodevelopment 2102 UF Development and environment Environment and development RT Economic development Ecology Socioeconomic planning Sustainable development BT ST RT Ecolabel 2300 SN Official term awarded by a competent organization to products considered as acceptable on the basis of its level of environmental impact RT Environmental performance ISO 14000 Life cycle Ecological balance USE Ecological equilibrium Studies the relationships between the organisms and the environment they live in Environmental sciences Human ecology Biocenology Biosphere Biota Green belt Environmental statistics Sustainable development Ecological disorder Ecosystem Ecological equilibrium Abiotic factors Biotic factors Habitat Environmental impact Environmental research Environment Economic analysis USE Economic aspects Ecological disorder 2104 UF Altered environment RT Environmental contamination Ecology Environmental impact Ecological equilibrium Economic aspects 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Economic conditions Economic analysis Economic evaluation RT Capital financing Cost-benefit analysis Socioeconomic factors Ecological equilibrium 2104 UF Ecological harmony Ecological balance RT Food chain Ecological disorder Ecology Endangered species Environmental impact Economic conditions USE Economic aspects Economic cooperation 2103 RT International cooperation Economic development 2102 UF Economic growth RT Rural development Sustainable development Industrialization Socioeconomic planning Urbanization Ecological harmony USE Ecological equilibrium Ecological impact USE Environmental impact Ecological products USE Ecolabel Ecology 2104 2000 Economic evaluation USE Economic aspects 45 El Niño phenomenon 3103 3106 UF El Niño current TR Marine currents Warm currents Economic growth USE Economic development Economic indexes 2501 2700 RT Life quality Socioeconomic factors Elavated storage USE Elevated tanks Economic viability USE Factibility studies Elbows (Pipelines) USE Plumbing accessories Ecosystem 2104 SN See also descriptors Environment ST Amazone ecosystem Andean ecosystem Glacial ecosystem Tropical ecosystem RT Environment Biomass Biosphere Ecology Abiotic factors Biotic factors Habitat Electric battery 2801 BT Batery RT Electrical energy under Electric conductivity 3108 BT Water physical characteristics Electric shocks USE Accidents caused by electrical discharges Educational centers USE School sanitation Electrical energy 2801 UF Electricity BT Energy ST Power plants Hydroelectric energy RT Accidents caused discharges Electric battery Illumination Effects on health USE Impacts on health Electricity USE Electrical energy Edaphology USE Soils by electrical Electrochemistry 2400 RT Corrosion Electrodialysis Electrolysis Corrosion inhibitors Zeta potential Cathodic protection Chemistry Effluents USE Wastewater Eichornia crassipes USE Water hyacinths El Niño USE El Niño phenomenon Electrodialysis 2400 SN Dialysis made by the addition of electrodes connected to a continous water current so that the process is faster and more complete El Niño current USE El Niño phenomenon 46 BT RT Dialysis Water hardness Electrochemistry Oxidation Advanced treatment UF BT ST Elavated storage Storage tanks Water towers Elevator plants USE Pumping stations Electrokinetic power USE Zeta potential Emerging communicable diseases 0202 BT Communicable disease Electrolysis 2400 RT Corrosion Demineralization Electrochemistry Hydrolysis Emergencies in disasters 0800 RT Disasters Disaster planning Electromagnetic radiation USE Radiation Emergency measures USE Disaster planning Electromagnetism 2409 RT Magnetism Emergency plans USE Disaster planning Electronic industry 9400 RT Printed circuit boards Emergency shelters USE Refugee camps Electronic microscopy 1404 BT Laboratory equipment Emission sources USE Environmental contaminants Electroplating USE Electroplating industry Encyclopedias 0000 BT Reference books Electroplating industry 9400 UF Metal finishing Electroplating BT Metalworking industry Endangered species 2201 RT Game Ecological equilibrium Natural resources exploitation Fauna Flora Natural resources Biodiversity Electrostatic precipitators 8700 SN Device for collecting dust, vapour or smoke from a gas current charging the particles and removing them to a collector electrode BT Plant equipment RT Electrostatic rain Endogenous respiration 3109 2405 RT Biochemistry Oxygen consumption Bacterial growth Biochemical oxygen demand Electrostatic rain 8700 RT Air contamination Electrostatic precipitators Particles Elevated tanks 4401 Endrin 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides Energetic res ources 47 USE Energy Energy saving USE Energy consumption Energy 2801 UF Energetic resources ST Steam energy Electrical energy Photovoltaic energy Geothermal energy Non conventional energy Nuclear energy Thermal energy RT Energy supply Energy plants Energy consumption Energy diffusion Energy sources Energy sources 2801 RT Energy supply Energy plants Energy Winds Energy supply 2801 RT Energy Energy sources Energy plants Energy use USE Energy consumption Energy conservation USE Energy consumption Entamoeba 2407 BT Amoebas Energy consumption 2801 UF Energy conservation Energy use Energy saving RT Energy Entamoeba histolytica 2407 BT Amoebas Energy diffusion 2801 3103 RT Diffusion Energy Head loss Water hammer arrester valves Enteric infections USE Gastrointestinal diseases Enteric bacteria USE Enterobacteriaceae Enteric viruses USE Enteroviruses Energy options USE Non conventional energy Enterobacter 2407 UF Aerobacter aerogenes BT Coliforms Energy plants 2801 ST Thermic plants Power plants Hydroelectric plants Nuclear plants Solar plants Geothermic plants Thermoelectric plants Thermonuclear plants RT Energy supply Thermal contamination Energy Energy sources Enterobacteria USE Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriaceae 2407 UF Enteric bacteria Enterobacteria Faecal bacteria BT Bacteria ST Salmonella Shigella Yersinia RT Gastrointestinal diseases 48 Enteroviruses Parasites Environmental audits 2102 RT Environmental performance ISO 14000 Enteroviruses 2407 UF Enteric viruses BT Viruses ST Coxsackie A Poliovirus Echovirus RT Enterobacteriaceae Gastrointestinal diseases Environmental carcinogens 0202 2300 BT Carcinogens RT Environmental risk exposure Impacts on health Environmental certification USE Ecolabel Environment 2104 2000 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended UF Natural environment Man made environment RT Environmental administration Water Environmental statistics Environmental sciences Environmental ecology Ecosystem Habitat Environmental impact Air Environmental quality Environmental protection Environmental policy Ecology Soils Environmental contaminants 2300 UF Emission sources Environmental contamination sources ST Biological contaminants Chemical contaminants Soil contaminants Physical contaminants Industrial contaminants Water contaminants RT Point sources Non-point sources Environmental contamination Permissible limits Environmental risks Contamination indicators Environmental contamination 2300 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended UF Environmental damages Environmental degradation Environmental depredation Environmental disasters Environmental vandalism ST Physical contamination Water contamination Air contamination Soil contamination Transfrontier contamination Biological contamination Chemical contamination Industrial contamination RT Environmental quality Life quality Environmental contamination control Environment and development USE Sustainable development Environment conservation USE Environmental protection Environmental administration 2102 UF Environmental management BT Organization and administration RT Sanitary management Environmental engineering Environment Environmental planning Environmental health Sanitation ISO 14000 49 Environmental contaminants Man-made disasters Ecological disorder Environmental impact Environmental engineering Environmental sciences Environmental health 0100 SN Ecological balance between man and his environment to assure physical and mental health and optimal relationship with his environment. For effective measures to achieve this state, use: Sanitation RT Environmental administration Environmental engineering Environmental impact Sanitary engineering Environmental policy Public health Sanitation Environmental quality Life quality Environmental sciences Health education Environmental contamination control 2300 ST Noise control RT Environmental contamination Environmental monitoring Environmental quality standards Environmental protection Sanitation Environmental contamination sources USE Environmental contaminants Environmental damages USE Environmental contamination Environmental hygiene USE Sanitation Environmental data USE Environmental statistics Environmental impact 2300 SN Alteration, change or modification of the environment caused by human activities with a positive or negative influence on the physical and social environments UF Environmental impact assessment Ecological impact RT Environment Effects Ecological disorder Environmental health Ecology Thermal contamination effects Climate effects Ecological equilibrium Environmental contamination Desertification Damage evaluation Ecolabel Environmental performance Environmental degradation USE Environmental contamination Environmental depredation USE Environmental contamination Environmental disasters USE Environmental contamination Environmental economy 1800 RT Environment Environmental education 1200 RT Sanitary engineering education Health education Environmental engineering Environmental engineering 1000 RT Environmental administration Environmental contamination Environmental education Civil engineering Sanitary engineering Environmental health Environmental impact assessment USE Environmental impact/Evaluation Environmental incentives and subsidies 50 2300 UF RT Environmental contamination control Telemetry Monitoring networks Environmental subsides Environmental economy Environmental policy Environmental misconduct Environmental performance 2201 TR ISO 14000 Environmental administration Ecolabel Life cycle Environmental audits Environmental impact Environmental indicators 2501 2000 TR Economic indexes Environmental statistics Health status indicators Environmental label USE Ecolabel Environmental planning 2102 UF Natural resources planning BT Planning RT Environmental research Environmental administration Sanitary management Water resources planning Environmental policy Natural resources Environmental law USE Environmental legislation Environmental legislation 2900 1900 UF Environmental law RT Sanitary code Water rights Legislation Environmental quality standards Environmental policy 2102 1000 SN Used for those documents whic h incorporate environmental dimen-sion in global or specific development policies RT Environmental protection Environmental health Environmental planning Environment Environmental management USE Environmental administration Environmental measurements USE Environmental statistics Environmental misconduct 2300 UF Anti- environment attitude Anti- environment behavior Environmental vandalism RT Environmental incentives and subsides Environmental legislation Polluter- pays principle Environmental protection 2201 UF Environment conservation RT Environment Environmental quality Environmental contamination control Environmental policy Natural resources Natural reservations Biodiversity Environmental models 2104 RT Environmental quality Environmental research Environmental quality 2200 ST Water quality Air quality Soil quality RT Life quality Environmental contamination Environmental models Environmental monitoring 2300 UF Environmental surveillance ST Water monitoring Air monitoring Soil monitoring RT Environmental quality 51 Environmental statistics 2000 UF Environmental data Environmental surveys Environmental measurements BT Statistics RT Environmental research Environment Environmental quality standards Environmental protection Environmental health Sanitation Environment Environmental monitoring Environmental quality standards 2900 1900 ST Air quality standards Water quality standards RT Environmental legislation Environmental quality Environmental contamination control Food quality standards ISO 14000 Environmental surveillance USE Environmental monitoring Environmental surveys USE Environmental statistics Environmental vandalism USE Environmental Contamination Environmental research 1400 RT Ecology Sanitary surveys Environmental statistics Research Environmental models Sanitary profiles Environmental planning Environmentally related disease 0202 TG Medicine TR Environmental health Occupational diseases Sick building syndrome Eolian resources USE Wind energy Environmental risk exposure 2300 ST Radiation exposure Chemical compound exposure RT Permissible limits Environmental risks Epidemic louse -born typhus 0202 RT Lice Epidemiologic methods 0202 UF Epidemiologic techniques RT Epidemiology Descriptive epidemiology Experiemental epidemiology Environmental risks 2300 UF Risk analysis Risk assessment RT Environmental contaminants Environmental risk exposure Impacts on health Risk zones Epidemiologic studies 0202 BT Epidemiology RT Cohort studies Cross-sectional studies Epidemiological surveys 0202 RT Sanitary surveys Morbidity Environmental sanitation USE Sanitation Environmental sciences 2000 ST Ecology RT Environmental contamination Environment Environmental health Epidemiological survillance 0202 BT Epidemiology Epidemiology 0202 RT Communicable diseases 52 Host-parasite relations Medicine Mortality Public health SN RT Actions and conditions in the work environment to satisfy the workers' needs Industrial psychology Occupational health Erosion 7301 UF Erosion control ST Beach erosion Soil erosion Wind erosion Hydric erosion RT Desertification Topography Epoxides USE Epoxy compounds Epoxy compounds 2400 UF Epoxides BT Organic compounds Equatorial zones USE Tropical zones Erosion control USE Erosion / Control Equipment 1600 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended UF Devices ST Exhaust fans Chlorinators Compactors Laboratory equipment Urban cleaning equipment Plant equipment Soft equipment Heavy equipment Machinery Mixers Remote sensors Water valves Equipment maintenance RT Calibration Equipment maintenance Materials Spare parts Escherichia coli 2407 BT Coliforms Ester 2400 UF Ester acids BT Organic compounds Ester acids USE Ester Estuaries 2403 SN A water passage where the tide meets a river current, especially an arm of the sea at the lower end of a river BT Geographical features RT Estuary contamination Estuary contamination 3502 BT Water contamination RT Tidal lands Estuaries Equipment maintenance 4700 5800 RT Equipment Operation and maintenance Ethane 2400 BT Organic compounds RT Methane Equity 2700 UF Equality RT Poverty Unequity Ethanol USE Ethyl alcohol Ergonomics (Environmental health) 9000 Ether 2400 53 BT Organic compounds BT RT Ethnic groups USE Indigenous populations Water conservation Evaporation Evaporation ponds 5314 RT Sludge dehydration Biological treatment Wastewater treatment Ethyl alcohol 2400 UF Ethanol BT Alcohols Evapotranspiration 3101 SN Amount of water transfered from soil to the atmosphere by plant transpiration and evaporation UF Evapotranspiration coefficient Evapotranspiration measurements RT Water balance Humidity Evaporation Hydrologic cycle Eutrophication 3500 SN Enrichment of natural waters, especially by compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus resulting in increased productivity of some species of plants and lost of capacity to neutralize water oxygen UF Aquatic flora proliferation Nutrient proliferation RT Detergents Chemical water contamination Nitrates Nutrients Phytoplankton Algae Biochemical oxygen demand Evapotranspiration coefficient USE Evapotranspiration Evapotranspiration measurements USE Evapotranspiration Exchangers 1600 BT Plant equipment Evaluation 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Status report Evaluation methods RT Damage evaluation Forecasting Population projection Excreta USE Faeces Excreta disposal 5600 UF Excreta disposal systems Excreta final disposal ST Cesspits Latrines Septic tanks RT Land application Basic sanitation Faeces Manure Evaluation methods USE Evaluation Evaporation 3101 SN Conversion of a liquid into vapour at a temperature lower than the boiling point RT Condensation Hydrologic cycle Evapotranspiration Water balance Evaporation control Excreta disposal systems USE Excreta disposal Excreta final disposal USE Excreta disposal Evaporation control 4400 Exhaust fans 8700 54 BT RT Equipment Air contamination Gas exhaust Factual data banks USE Factual data bases Factual data bases 2504 UF Factual data banks RT Computer systems Expanded bed 5314 RT Fixed bed Fluidized bed Moving bed Biological reactors Facultative ponds 5311 BT Stabilization ponds Faecal bacteria USE Coliforms / Enterobacteriaceae Experimental epidemiology 0202 BT Epidemiologic methods RT Descriptive epidemiology Faeces 5600 UF Detritus Excreta RT Compost Groundwater contamination Manure Dysentery Excreta disposal Communicable diseases Explosions 0800 ST Nuclear explosions RT Man-made disasters Accidents caused by explosives Explosive industry Explosive industry 9400 BT Industries RT Explosions Fair market sanitation USE Market sanitation Explosive wastes 6300 BT Hazardous wastes RT Hazardous waste characteristics Explosive industry Inflammable wastes Fatigue 9202 UF Age and fatigue factors Age RT Occupational accidents Occupational risks Exposure levels USE Permissible limits Exposure limits USE Permissible limits Fats 9400 RT Oil Degreasing Oil and fat industry Exposure tim e USE Permissible limits Fatty acids 2400 BT Organic acids Extended aeration activated sludge USE Prolonged aeration Faucets USE Plumbing accesories Extractive industry USE Mining / Fishing industry Fauna 2407 UF Animals RT Biology Endangered species Aquatic fauna Factories USE Industries 55 Feasibility studies 1800 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Viability studies Economic viability RT Cost-benefit analysis RT Fermentation 2405 SN Breakdown of organic substances by microorganisms or by complex nitrogenous organic substances (enzymes) from vegetal or animal origin. The fermentation is ussually accompanied by heat or gases lost RT Biochemistry Biogas Biotechnology Anaerobic decomposition Activated sludge Biological oxidation Manure Soil quality Groundwater contamination Phosphates Ammonia Agriculture Fertilizer industry Nitrates Soil treatment Fetal mortality 0202 BT Mortality RT Fetus Infant mortality Fetus 0202 RT Fetal mortality Fiberglass pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines Filariasis 0202 BT Helminthiasis Ferric chloride 2400 BT Chlorides Films USE Audiovisual means Ferric compounds 2400 UF Ferric oxide BT Chemical compounds RT Iron Filter bed 4307 RT Filtration media Filter washing 4307 UF Clogging RT Filters Automatic washing filters Ferric oxide USE Ferric compounds Ferric sulphate 2400 4303 BT Sulphates RT Iron Filterable total residue USE Dissolved solids Ferrobacillus USE Iron bacteria Filters 4307 1600 BT Plant equipment ST Pressure filters Open filters Aerobic filters Anaerobic filters Upflow filters Biological filters Sand filters High rate filters Double filters Ferrous sulphate 2400 4303 BT Sulphates RT Iron Fertilizer industry 9400 BT Industries RT Fertilizers Fertilizers 7401 UF Artificial fertilizers 56 RT USE Contact column Automatic washing filters Bag filters Membrane filters Variable velocity filters Downflow filters Dynamic filters Domestic filters Slow filters Press filters Radial filters Rapid filters Vertical filters Filtration Filter washing Filtration media Prefilters Filtration galleries USE Infiltration galleries Filtration media 4307 RT Anthracite Clay Sand Bentonite Activated carbon Filtration Filters Gravel Filter bed Fluidized bed Financial aspects USE Capital financing Filtration 4307 5304 SN Process to make liquid pass through a filter media to eliminate the non settleable suspended matter BT Unit operations ST Dynamic filtration Direct filtration Slow filtration Diatomite filtration Membrane filtration Prefiltration Rapid filtration Upflow filtration Aerobic filtration Downflow filtration Anaerobic filtration Open filtration Declining rate filtration RT Contact column Filters Flocculation filtration Adsorption Chemical clarification Straining Velocity gradient Filtration media Osmosis Wastewater treatment Total solids Fire control USE Fire extinguishing systems Fire extinguishing USE Fire extinguishing systems Fire extinguishing systems 0800 UF Fire control Fire fighting Fire extinguishing RT Hydrants Fires Fire fighting USE Fire extinguishing systems Fire hydrants USE Hydrants Fire pumps USE Hydrants Fires 0800 RT Civil defense Man-made disasters Incineration Fire extinguishing systems Fish culture 3709 5512 Filtration column 57 RT Aquaculture Fishes Fish flour (Industry) USE Fish flour industry Flexible connections USE Flexible installations Fish flour industry 9400 RT Fishing industry Flexible installations 4406 UF Flexible connections BT Sanitary installations RT PVC pipes Fishery USE Fishing industry Flies USE Diptera Fishes 3109 ST Tilapia RT Aquatic fauna Fish culture Floating root 7702 RT Hydroponic systems Floc 4304 5305 SN Small gelatinous masses formed in a liquid by coagulants RT Flocculators Flocculation Fishing industry 9400 UF Fishery BT Food processing industry RT Oil and fat industry Fish flour industry Flocculant sedimentation 4305 BT Sedimentation Fixed bed 5314 RT Expanded bed Fluidized bed Moving bed Biological reactors Flocculants USE Coagulants (Water treatment) Flocculation 4304 5305 SN Flocs formation gathering fine particles through coagulation by a mechanical or mechanical-chemical process BT Unit operations ST Orthokinetic flocculation Flocculation filtration RT Chemical clarification Floc Velocity gradient Flocculators Zeta potential Chemical precipitation Physicochemical treatment Rapid mix Colloids Flocculation agents USE Coagulants (Water treatment) Flagellates 2407 BT Protozoa ST Giardia Trypanosoma Flame emission 3307 5301 7203 BT Analytical methods Flame spectrophotometers 1404 5301 7203 8107 BT Spectrophotometers 3307 Flavobacterium 2407 BT Bacteria RT Phytoplankton Fleas 2407 BT Insects RT Rats Flocculation filtration 4304 5305 BT Flocculation RT Adsorption 58 Filtration Colloidal suspension BT RT Flocculators 4304 5305 BT Plant equipment ST Hydraulic flocculators Mechanic flocculators RT Floc Flocculation Unit operations Flotation thickening Aquatic suspension Wastewater treatment Flotation thickening 5314 4306 RT Flotation Flour industry 9400 BT Food processing industry Flours (Industry) USE Flour industry Flood control 0800 UF Fluvial regulation Flood regulation RT Floods Storm sewerage Civil defense Impoundings Water resources planning Water discharge regulation Flow augmentation 3103 4400 RT Floods Water discharge regulation Flow calculation USE Water flow Flood regulation USE Flood control Flow gauging USE Water discharge measurement Flood relief channels USE Spillways Flow meters USE Water discharge meters Floods USE Floods (Environmental health) Flow profiles 3103 RT Fluid mechanics Water flow Water discharge measurement Floods (Environmental health) 0800 UF Alluviums Floods Overflows BT Hydrologic disasters RT Flood control Runoff Hydrometeorology Flow augmentation Flow-reducing valves USE Water valves Fluid mechanics 3103 RT Hydraulics Hydrodynamics Hydrology Hydrostatics Flow profiles Sediment transport Flora 2406 UF Vegetation RT Forests Endangered species Aquatic flora Biology Fluidized bed 4307 RT Expanded bed Fixed bed Moving bed Filtration media Flotation 4306 59 USE Detergents Upflow anaerobic sludge bioreactors Biological reactors Anaerobic treatment Fog USE Mist Fog collectors USE Mist catchment Fluoridation 4308 UF Defluoridation BT Water disinfection RT Caries Mottled enamel Hydrofluoric acid Fluorine Sodium fluoride Fluorides Halogenation Fluorides 2400 BT Chemical compounds ST Sodium fluoride RT Halogenated contaminants Hydrofluoric acid Fluorine Fluoridation Food 0403 RT Diet Food quality Food inspection Food processing industry Food quality standards Nutrition Food additives 0507 RT Dyestuff Chemical compounds Cannery Food processing industry Food adulteration USE Food contamination Fluorine 4308 BT Chemical elements RT Caries Hydrofluoric acid Mottled enamel Fluoridation Fluorides Food analysis 0507 RT Food contamination Food chemistry Food samples Laboratories Food chain 2104 RT Nutrients Ecological equilibrium Trophic levels Fluorosis USE Mottled enamel Food chemistry 0507 RT Food analysis Food inspection Chemistry Flush toilets USE Sanitary devices Fluvial contamination USE River contamination Food conservation 0507 UF Smoky food Food sterilization Food Dehydration Cured Food drying Pasteurization Food preservation Salting Fluvial erosion 7301 BT Hydric erosion RT Rivers Fluvial regulation USE Flood control Foam 60 RT Food additives Freezing Food inspection Food irradiation Refrigeration Food processing industry Food irradiation Nutrition Food chemistry Public health Hospital sanitation Hotel sanitation Slaughterhouse sanitation Market sanitation Food contamination 0507 UF Food adulteration Contaminated food Food deterioration RT Amoebiasis Food analysis Radioactive food contamination Food inspection Food poisoning Food irradiation 0507 UF Irradiated food Radiated food RT Food conservation Food inspection Food poisoning 0507 ST Botulism RT Food contamination Food inspection Toxicology Food control USE Food inspection Food Dehydration USE Food conservation Food deterioration USE Food contamination Food preservation USE Food conservation Food processing industry 9400 UF Food industry Food industrial processing BT Industries ST Dairy product industry Sugar industry Coffee industry Fishing industry Meat industry Flour industry RT Food additives Fruits Cannery Packing industry Food inspection Food drying USE Food conservation Food handling USE Food inspection Food hygiene USE Food inspection Food industrial processing USE Food processing industry Food industry USE Food processing industry Food inspection 0507 UF Food Food control Food sanitary control Food hygiene Food handling Food sanitation RT Food quality Food conservation Food contamination Food quality 0507 UF Food science RT Food analysis Food inspection Food quality standards Food quality standards 0507 RT Food quality Environmental quality standards 61 Food samples 0507 RT Food analysis Foundations 2600 BT Construction RT Soil mechanics Food sanitary control USE Food inspection Foundry 9400 RT Metalworking industry Siderurgy industry Food sanitation USE Food inspection Free chlorine 4308 BT Chlorine Food science USE Food quality Freezing 2409 RT Cooling Refrigeration Temperature Advanced treatment Food sterilization USE Food conservation Foot valves 4406 BT Water valves Frontier water 3900 UF Territorial waters BT Water RT Water rights International water Transfrontier contamination Forage USE Animal feeding Forecasting 2700 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Predictive models Forest conservation USE Forests (Environmental health) Fruits 7702 RT Crops Fumigation 0403 RT Pest control Insects Pesticides Forest resources USE Forests(Environme ntal health) Fungi 2406 ST Ascomicetos Deuteromicetos RT Antibiotics Phytoplankton Aquatic flora Industrial fungicides Parasites Forestry USE Forests(Environmental health) Forests (Environmental health) 7305 UF Forestry Forest conservation Silviculture Forest resources RT Deforestation Flora Reforestation Fungi imperfecti USE Deuteromicetos Fossil fuels 2801 ST Charcoal Hydrocarbon RT Combustion Furnaces 6605 RT Incinerators Game 2201 62 UF RT Hunting Endangered species Natural resources exploitation Fauna BT ST Unit operations Oxygen transfer Gaseous contaminants 8208 2303 ST Nitrogen gaseous contaminants Sulphur gaseous contaminants Halogenated contaminants Carbon gaseous contaminants RT Aerosols Chemical contaminants Gases Volatile wastes Gamma counters USE Radiometry Gamma rays 2304 BT Ionized radiation Garbage USE Solid wastes Garbage trenches 6700 BT Solid waste disposal Gases 2400 8208 UF Vapours ST Asphyxiating gases Irritating gases RT Chemical compounds Gaseous contaminants Smoke Ozone Aeration Garbage wheel barrows 6501 BT Urban cleaning equipment RT Manual sweeping Gasoline 2801 BT Hydrocarbon RT Petroleum Gas chromatographers 1404 3307 BT Laboratory equipment RT Gas chromatography Gastroenteritis 0202 BT Gastrointestinal diseases Garbage collectors USE Solid waste segregators Garbage recycling USE Solid waste use Gastrointestinal diseases 0202 UF Enteric infections Intestinal infectious diseases Diarrhoeal diseases BT Waterborne diseases ST Amoebiasis Diarrhea Dysentery Paratyphoid fever Typhoid fever Gastroenteritis Salmonellosis RT Enterobacteriaceae Enteroviruses Gas chromatography 3307 5301 BT Analytical methods RT Gas chromatographers Gas emanation USE Gas exhaust Gas exhaust 9100 0800 UF Gas emanation Gas exhaustion RT Exhaust fans Air contaminants Occupational accidents Gate valves 4406 UF Sluice valves BT Water valves Gas exhaustion USE Gas exhaust Gas transfer 4323 63 Geiger counters USE Radiometry RT Geothermal energy Germicides USE Bactericides Gender 2700 RT Women Giant waves USE Tsunamis Genetics 2405 RT Biology Giardia 2407 BT Flagellates Genotype 0202 BT Genetics GIS USE Geographic Information System Geographic Information System 2707 UF GIS RT Information systems Glacial ecosystem 2104 UF Glaciers BT Ecosystem RT Cold zones Geographical features 2403 7100 ST Estuaries Bays Volcanões Oases RT Topography Geology Glaciers USE Glacial ecosystem Glass (Industry) USE Glass industry Geohydrology USE Hydrogeology Glass industry 9400 BT Industries RT Building industry Geological disasters 0800 BT Natural disasters ST Landslides Volcanic eruptions Seisms RT Geology Global agreements 1900 2900 RT Bilateral agreements Environmental legislation Regional agreements Global warming 2108 BT Climatic changes RT Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gases Geology 7100 RT Geographical features Geological disasters Hydrogeology Geothermal energy 2801 UF Geothermal resources BT Energy RT Geothermic plants Globe valves 4406 BT Water valves Glossaries USE Dictionaries Geothermal resources USE Geothermal energy Goiter 0202 RT Iodine Geothermic plants 2801 BT Energy plants Gradually varied flow 3103 64 SN BT A runoff whose speed, surface slope, and transversal section area vary from one point to another of the water flow Water flow Green vegetables USE Greens Graphite 2400 BT Carbon Greenhouse effect 2108 UF Greenhouse, effect of Global warming BT Climate effects Gravel 4307 RT Construction materials Filtration media Soils Greenhouse, effect of USE Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gases 2108 RT Carbon dioxide Chlorofluorocarbon Greenhouse effect Methane Gravimetric segregation 6603 BT Solid waste segregation Gravimetry 5301 7203 BT Analytical methods Greenhouses 7702 RT Urban agruclture Gravity USE Gravity flow Greens 7702 UF Vegetables Green vegetables RT Crops Gravity flow 3103 UF Gravity BT Water flow Gravity thickening 5314 RT Sedimentation Grey water 5100 SN Domestic effluents excluding water from toilets BT Water RT Domestic effluents Grease screens USE Plumbing accessories Green algae 3109 UF Chlorophyceae BT Algae Grinders 6602 BT Plant equipment RT Shredders Grinding Green areas 2102 UF Green space Grinding 6602 SN Method to grind uniformly wastes UF Pulverization RT Grinders Grinding plants Solid waste processing Green belt 2104 SN Series of established environmental conditions surrounding an ecologi-cal niche RT Ecology Habitat Grinding plants 6602 RT Grinding Grit removal 5303 RT Pretreatment Green point USE Ecolabel 65 Groundwater 3000 3200 UF Phreatic water Subsoil water Confined water BT Water resources ST Aquifers Artesian water RT Groundwater catchment Groundwater contamination Hydrogeology Wells Percolation Groundwater flow Aquifers recharge Guinea worm USE Dracunculosis Gut USE Sewerage Gypsum USE Lime and gypsum industry Habitat 2102 SN Environment where an inmediate exchange is established between the living beings and the resources essential for their vital functions RT Environment Human settlements Green belt Biological communities Ecology Ecosystem Groundwater catchment 4105 UF Groundwater use Groundwater exploration Groundwater exploitation BT Water catchment ST Wells Infiltration galleries RT Groundwater Halide 2400 BT Chemical compounds RT Halogenated contaminants Groundwater contamination 3600 BT Water contamination ST Marine intrusion RT Wastewater disposal Groundwater Faeces Fertilizers Solid waste disposal Seepage Percolation Halogenated contaminants 8208 2303 BT Gaseous contaminants RT Bromination Chlorides Fluorides Halide Halogenation 2400 BT Chemical reaction RT Chlorination Fluoridation Bromination Iodine disinfection Groundwater exploitation USE Groundwater catchment Groundwater exploration USE Groundwater catchme nt Handpumps 4204 BT Pumps Groundwater flow 3103 UF Underground streams BT Water currents RT Groundwater Hansen disease USE Leprosy Harbor sanitation 0509 UF Ports BT Sanitation Groundwater use USE Groundwater catchment 66 Hazardous waste containers 6303 SN Any container used to transport or dispose hazardous wastes UF Hazardous waste packages RT Hazardous waste storage Solid waste recipients Hazardous waste deep well injection 6308 SN Pumping of hazardous wastes into deep wells isolated from acuifers UF Deep well injection BT Hazardous waste disposal RT Wastewater subsurface injection Land application Subsurface mines Hard water USE Water hardness Harmful substances USE Hazardous substances Hazardous substances SN Substances that may cause disease or health harm to people and could be traced in the human body during its contact with the substance, at a later stage and even in the next generation UF Noxious substances RT Hazardous wastes Hazardous substances Toxic substances Hazardous waste discharge into ocean USE Ocean disposal of hazardous waste Hazardous waste disposal 6308 BT Hazardous wastes ST Codisposal Hazardous waste deep well injection Land application Ocean disposal of hazardous waste Subsurface mines Secure landfills RT Hazardous waste storage Wastewater disposal Solid waste disposal Hazardous chemicals USE Hazardous wastes Hazardous materials USE Hazardous wastes Hazardous products USE Hazardous wastes Hazardous substances 6300 SN Substances which by their nature or use have the capability for inflecting harm to the people or the environment. They include substances that are explosive, flammable, combustible, oxidizer, irritating, toxic, radioactive and corrosive RT Hazardous wastes Harmful substances Toxic substances Hazardous waste minimization 6305 SN Industrial processes optimization to reuse or reduce hazardous substances in the source UF Hazardous waste abatement Clean technology Clean production Hazardous waste recycling Source reduction Hazardous waste treatment Hazardous waste processing RT Life cicle Hazardous waste abatement USE Hazardous waste minimization Hazardous waste characteristics 6300 RT Hazardous wastes Explosive wastes Inflammable wastes Solid waste characteristics Hazardous waste packages USE Hazardous waste containers Hazardous waste processing USE Hazardous waste minimization 67 Hazardous waste recycling USE Hazardous waste minimization/ Head loss 3103 RT Water currents Energy diffusion Hydrodynamics Reynolds number Pipelines Health 0202 BT Public health RT Child health Environmental health Maternal and child health Mental health Occupational health Women's health Hazardous waste storage 6303 SN Temporary storage of hazardous waste RT Solid waste storage Hazardous waste containers Hazardous waste disposal Hazardous waste transport USE Contaminant transport Hazardous waste treatment USE Hazardous waste minimization Hazardous waste treatment plants USE Treatment plants / Hazardous waste minimization Health aspects USE Impacts on health Hazardous waste use 6307 SN Use of hazardous wastes outside of the factory that has generated them UF Hazardous waste recycling BT Hazardous wastes RT Waste exchange Hazardous waste minimization Health care centers 0101 UF Medical posts RT Hospitals Primary health care Hazardous wastes 6300 SN Solid or liquid industrial wastes characterized as being explosive, reactive, flammable, irritant, corrosive, or toxic and thereby posing a threat to health and the environment UF Hazardous materials Hazardous products Hazardous chemicals Toxic wastes Poisonous wastes BT Solid wastes ST Hospital wastes Inflammable wastes Radiactive wastes RT Chemical contaminants Solid wastes Harmful substances Hazardous substances Toxic substances Hazardous waste use Health education 0303 SN Public education to encourage healthy and hygenic habits UF Sanitary education RT Sanitary engineering education Personal hygiene Sanitary engineering Women Child Environmental health Health consequences USE Impacts on health Health plans and programmes 0103 RT Health policy Medicine Health policy 0103 RT Public health Health risks USE Health impact 68 Health services 0100 RT Hospitals Public health BT ST RT Health status indicators 2501 2700 RT Mortality rate Vital statistics Equipment Dredges Trenching machines Machinery Heavy metals USE Toxic metals Heavy water (Environmental health) 3000 BT Water RT Radioactive effluents Radiactivity Helical flocculators 4304 5305 BT Hydraulic flocculators Healthful cities USE Healthy cities Healthy cities 0500 RT Environmental health Environmental policy Municipal management Primary environmental health Urban sanitation Helminthiasis 0202 BT Parasitic diseases ST Ancylostomiasis Cysticercosis Ascariasis Echinococcosis Schistosomiasis Filariasis Taeniasis Trichinosis RT Helminths Hearing 2307 RT Sound contamination Noise measurement Sound Heat 2305 RT Central heating Calorimetry Thermal contamination Physical contaminants Solar energy Incineration Calorific power Temperature Helminths 2407 ST Ancylostoma RT Parasites Helminthiasis Heat loss 2305 RT Heat Thermal contamination Cooling ponds Hepatitis 0202 BT Virosis RT Human viral hepatitis Heptachlor 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides Heaters 1404 1600 UF Vaporizers ST Solar heaters RT Boilers Plant equipment Laboratory equipment Central heating Herbicides 0403 BT Pesticides RT Weed control High biomass production ponds USE Aerobic ponds Heavy equipment 1600 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors High rate activated sludge 5308 BT Activated sludge 69 Hospitals Hospital sanitation High rate anaerobic digestion 2405 5314 BT Anaerobic digestion High rate filters 4307 5304 BT Filters Hospitals 0101 RT Medical care Health care centers Medicine Rehabilitation Hospital wastes Public health Hospital sanitation Health services High rate ponds USE Aerobic ponds High volume measurement USE Water discharge measurement High-cost technology 1300 BT Technology RT Intermediate technology Low-cost technology Noise-free technology Host-parasite interaction USE Host-parasite relations Host-parasite relations 0202 UF Host-parasite interaction RT Parasitic diseases Communicable diseases Epidemiology High-rate sedimentation USE Acelerated sedimentation HIV 0202 RT Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Hotel sanitation 0501 UF Hotels BT Sanitation RT Food inspection Horizontal cooperation 2103 SN Cooperation made between countries or institutions of the same level RT International cooperation Non governmental organizations Hotels USE Hotel sanitation Hour variations 4612 BT Water consumption variations Hospital effluents USE Hospital wastes Household connections USE Household installations Hospital incinerators 6605 BT Incinerators RT Hospital wastes Household incinerators 6605 BT Incinerators RT Domestic wastes Hospital sanitation 0504 BT Sanitation RT Food inspection Hospital wastes Hospitals Household installations 4406 UF Household connections BT Sanitary installations RT Retrofitting Hospital wastes 6101 UF Hospital effluents BT Hazardous wastes RT Hospital incinerators Housing 2102 RT Housing sanitation 70 Housing hygiene USE Housing sanitation RT Housing sanitation 0501 UF Housing hygiene BT Sanitation RT Housing Humus Humidity 2108 BT Meteorological factors RT Air conditioning Condensation Air contamination Evapotranspiration Human ecology 2104 UF Human environment BT Ecology RT Human settlements Life quality Humus 7103 SN Dark organic waste from plants decomposition; secondary sludge from biological filters RT Sludge Biological filters Manure Humic substances Human engineering USE Ergonomics (Environmental health) Human environment USE Human ecology Human resources 2706 UF Human resources development Manpower RT Training Operators Hunting USE Game Hurricanes (Environmental health) 0800 2108 UF Cyclones BT Meteorological factors RT Winds Human resources development USE Human resources Human settlements 2102 ST Poverty areas Rural settlements Urban settlements RT Human ecology Habitat Population Hydatidosis USE Echinococcosis Hydrants 4406 SN A discharge pipe with a valve and spout at which water may be drawn from a water main (as for fighting fires) UF Fire hydrants Fire pumps BT Sanitary installations RT Fire extinguishing systems Human viral hepatitis 2407 BT Enteroviruses Humboldt current USE Cold currents Hydraulic flocculators 4304 5305 BT Flocculators ST Porous media flocculators Helical flocculators Humic compounds USE Humic substances Humic substances 2400 UF Humic compounds BT Colloidal suspension Hydraulic flows 71 USE Water flow RT Hydraulic jump 4107 3102 SN In an open channel a sudden water pass from a subcritical-depth to a supercritical-depth. It is accompanied by energy dissipation RT Hydraulics Singularities Hydraulic measurements 3102 ST Water level measurement Water discharge measurement Velocity measurement RT Hydraulics Hydrologic statistics Pitometry Hydraulics engineering Sewerage hydraulics Hydrology Hydraulic measurements Hydraulic power Hydraulic structures Hydraulic models Hydraulic jump Fluid mechanics Hydraulics engineering USE Hydraulics Hydric erosion 7301 BT Erosion ST Fluvial erosion Hydrobiology USE Aquatic biology Hydraulic models 3102 RT Hydraulics Hydraulic power 3102 RT Hydraulics Hydrocarbon 2801 BT Fossil fuels ST Benzene Methane Petroleum RT Industrial effluents Carcinogens Organic contaminants Hydrochloric acid 2400 BT Chlorine compounds RT Chlorides Corrosion Irritating gases Hydraulic ram 4204 BT Pumps RT Water hammer Water hammer arrester valves Hydraulic resources USE Water resources Hydraulic seal latrines USE Latrines (Environmental health) Hydraulic structures 3102 4107 BT Construction ST Maritime constructions Catchment works Weirs RT Pumping stations Hydraulics Hydrocyanic acid 2400 UF Hydrogen cyanide RT Asphyxiating gases Hydrodynamic models 3103 RT Hydrodynamics Hydrodynamics 3103 SN Deals with fluids movement RT Water currents Critic runoff Water flow Water hammer Hydrostatics Hydraulics 3102 SN Deals with the practical applications (as the transmission of energy or the effects of flow) of liquids (as water) in motion UF Hydromechanics 72 Fluid mechanics Hydrodynamic models Head loss Hydrology Wells Hydrographic basins 3200 BT Basins ST River basins Lake basins Hydroelectric energy 2801 UF Hydroelectric resources BT Electrical energy ST Hydroelectric plants RT Dams Hydrographs 3101 SN Graphical representation of a water flow in relation to time RT Hydrography Hydrologic statistics Hydroelectric plants 2801 UF Water power plants BT Energy plants RT Hydroelectric energy Hydrography 3101 SN Deals with the description of seas, currents, and bodies of water RT Hydrology Oceanography Hydrographs Surface water Hydroelectric resources USE Hydroelectric energy Hydrofluoric acid 2400 RT Caries Mottled enamel Fluorine Fluoridation Fluorides Hydrologic aspects USE Hydrology Hydrogen 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Tritium Hydrologic cycle 3101 UF Water cycle RT Water balance Water self-purification Condensation Runoff Evaporation Evapotranspiration Hydrology Hydrometeorology Clouds Percolation Water recycling Hydrogen cyanide USE Hydrocyanic acid Hydrogen sulphide USE Hydrogen sulphide acid Hydrogen sulphide acid 2400 UF Hydrogen sulphide BT Sulphur compounds RT Irritating gases Sulphides Hydrologic data USE Hydrologic statistics Hydrogenation 2400 BT Chemical reaction Hydrologic disasters 0800 BT Natural disasters ST Floods Tidal waves Tsunamis RT Hydrology Hydrogeology 3101 SN Deals with groundwater UF Geohydrology RT Groundwater Geology 73 Hydrologic measurements USE Hydrologic statistics Hydromechanics USE Hydraulics Hydrologic models 3101 RT Hydrology Hydrologic statistics 3101 UF Hydrologic data Hydrologic measurements BT Statistics RT Hydrology Water level recorders Rain measurements Hydraulic measurements Hydrometeorology 3101 2108 SN Deals with the atmospheric or terrestrial phases of the hydrological cycle and their relationship RT Hydrologic cycle Hydrology Climatology Rain Meteorology Snow Floods Hydrological resources USE Water resources Hydropneumatic systems USE Pressure systems Hydrological stations 3101 SN A place where hydrological phenomena are observed RT Monitoring stations Hydrology Hydrologic statistics Hydropneumatics USE Pressure systems Hydroponic systems 7702 UF Hydroponics techniques RT Contineus recirculation Floating root Hydroponics Nutrient film technique Subirrigation Tricking irrigation Hydrology 3101 SN A part of natural sciences that deals with water UF Hydrologic aspects RT Water Hydrologic disasters Hydrologic statistics Hydrological stations Hydrogeology Hydraulics Hydrography Hydrometeorology Fluid mechanics Hydrologic models Hydrologic cycle Basins Hydroponics 7702 RT Urban agriculture Hydroponic systems Hydrostatic pressure 3103 SN Isotropic pressure made by liquids at rest BT Water pressure RT Hydrostatics Hydrostatics 3103 RT Hydrodynamics Fluid mechanics Hydrostatic pressure Hydrolysis 2400 SN Breakdown of organic compounds into molecules due to water excess or presence of enzymes or acids BT Chemical reaction RT Electrolysis Hydroxydes 2400 ST Sodium hydroxyde Calcium hydroxyde RT Ammonia 74 Alkalines RT Hypersensitivity 9200 UF Allergies BT Occupational diseases Ice 3000 RT Melt water Refrigeration Lakes and impoundings contamination Flood control Impounding discharge Dams In situ disposal 6700 5503 SN Includes common means to reduce the volume of solid wastes within buildings before its collection BT Solid waste disposal Illegal connections USE Illegal installations Incidence 0202 BT Epidemiologic methods RT Cross-sectional studies Prevalence Illegal installations 4406 4610 UF Illegal connections RT Unaccounted-for water consumption Sanitary installations Illumination 9211 RT Electrical energy Industrial sanitation Incineration 6605 SN Method to reduce solid or semi-solid wastes by combustion RT Ash Incinerators Combustion Solid waste processing Solid waste incinerator plants Pyrolysis Thermal treatment Air contamination Heat Fires Imhoff tanks 5600 RT Anaerobic digestion Digesters Excreta disposal Septic tanks Immunization 0202 BT Public health ST Vaccination Impacts on health 2300 UF Health aspects Health consequences Health risks Effects on health RT Public health Environmental risks Incinerators 6605 UF Combustion chambers BT Plant equipment ST Household incinerators Hospital incinerators RT Smoke Furnaces Incineration Impervious soils 7103 BT Soils Impounding discharge 4103 RT Impoundings Water discharge regulation Incrustant water USE Water hardness Incrustations (Magnesium calcium carbonate) 4310 RT Boilers Magnesium calcium carbonate Impoundings 4107 UF Artificial lakes BT Catchment works 75 Corrosion pH UF BT ST Indicators and reagents 2400 UF Reagents RT Chemical reaction RT Indigenous communities USE Indigenous populations Indigenous peasauts USE Indigenous populations Industrial sources Environmental contaminants Industrial effluents Industrial wastes Chemical contaminants Point sources Industrial contamination Non-point sources Plumes Physical contaminants Industrial contamination 2303 BT Environmental contamination RT Chemical contamination Industrial contaminants Industries Industrial sanitation Indigenous people USE Indigenous populations Indigenous organizations 0305 UF Aboriginal organizations RT Indigenous populations Industrial development USE Industrialization Indigenous populations 0305 UF Indigenous communities Aborigines Indigenous peasauts Aboriginal ethnic groups Aboriginal civilizations Indigenous people Native people Aboriginal tribes Ethnic groups RT Community development Sustainable development Indigenous organizations Industrial effluent treatment 5401 BT Wastewater treatment RT Industrial effluents Industries Treated effluents Hazardous waste minimization Recycling Contaminants removal Industrial effluents 5400 SN For indexing a specific effluent, combine with a descriptor under Industries UF Industrial wastewater Sugar industry effluents BT Industrial contaminants ST Mining acid water RT Oil Wastewater characteristics Detergents Industrial effluents disposal Hydrocarbon Industries Toxic metals Industrial wastes Industrial effluent treatment Indoor air 8000 TR Air quality Indoor air contamination Outdoor air Indoor air contamination 8200 TG Air contamination TR Sick building syndrome Industrial areas USE Industrial zones Industrial chimneys USE Plumes Industrial contaminants 2303 5400 Industrial effluents disposal 5401 76 BT Wastewater disposal RT Industrial effluents Industrial fumes USE Plumes Industrial sources USE Industrial contaminants Industrial hygiene USE Occupational health Industrial wastes 6102 SN Solid wastes derived from industrial processes, manufacturing, repair-ing, or cleaning operations UF Sugar industry effluents BT Solid wastes RT Industries Industrial effluents Industrial parks USE Industrial zones Industrial wastewater USE Industrial effluents Industrial psychology 9000 RT Psychological aspects Ergonomics Psychological stress Industrial safety Occupational health Industrial water 3000 4612 BT Water RT Industrial water consumption Water use Industrial fungicides 0403 BT Pesticides RT Fungi Industrial water consumption 4612 BT Water consumption RT Industrial water Industrial safety 9101 RT Occupational accidents Physical examination Workmen's compensation Industries Personal protection Industrial psychology Rehabilitation Occupational health Industrial sanitation Industrial zones 2102 SN Zone where the concentration of industries is relatively high. This zone may be or may not be planned UF Industrial areas Industrial parks Industrial settlements RT Industrial sanitation Industries Industrial sanitation 9400 BT Sanitation RT Industrial contamination Industries Illumination Radiological protection Noise control Occupational health Industrial safety Industrial zones Industrialization 2102 RT Economic development Industries Industries 9400 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended UF Factories Processing Manufacturing ST Pulp and paper industry Pharmaceutic industry Photographic industry Tobacco industry Painting industry Industrial settlements USE Industrial zones Industrial sludge 5314 77 RT Brewery Cannery Oil and fat industry Plastics industry Lime and gypsum industry Detergent industry Explosive industry Fertilizer industry Soft drink industry Ceramics industry Building industry Alcohol industry Rubber industry Leather industry Petroleum industry Glass industry Packing industry Metalworking industry Siderurgy industry Textile industry Food processing industry Chemical industry Printing industry Occupational diseases Industrial effluents Industrial contamination Dyestuff Industrialization Industrial wastes Sound contamination Industrial sanitation Industrial safety Site selection Industrial effluent treatment Industrial zones Laundries SN UF BT RT Conduit digged in the aquifer to collect groundwater which runoff due to gravity Filtration galleries Groundwater catchment Seepage Infiltration-percolation ditches 5500 RT Leaching fields Seepage Percolation Inflammable wastes 6101 BT Hazardous wastes RT Explosive wastes Information 2707 RT Information science Computer systems Information exchange Data collection Information services Information systems Information analysis USE Abstracting and indexing Information centers 2707 UF Documentation centers Reference centers RT Information services Information collection USE Data collection Information exchange 2707 RT Information Information services Information sys tems Infant mortality 2700 BT Mortality RT Child Information networks USE Information systems Infant nutrition 2405 0103 BT Nutrition RT Food Child Information retrieval systems USE Information systems Infiltration galleries 4105 Information science 2707 RT Librarianship Documentation 78 Information ST RT Information services 2707 UF Reference services Current awareness services Abstract services User orientation services Translation services RT Information centers Information Information exchange Information systems Potassium permanganate Inorganic chemistry Inorganic particles Inorganic tracers Inorganic contaminants Inorganic contaminants 8208 2303 ST Toxic metals RT Chemical contaminants Inorganic compounds Inorganic particles 2400 8208 UF Mineral particles BT Particles RT Inorganic compounds Information sources USE Reference books Information systems 2707 UF Information networks Information retrieval systems Documentation systems ST REPIDISCA RT Information exchange Information Information services Inorganic substances USE Inorganic compounds Inorganic tracers 2405 UF Metallic tracers RT Contamination indicators Inorganic compounds Insect control 0403 UF Arthropods control RT Insects Disease vectors Information technology 2707 BT Information RT Information services Multimedia technology ST Internet Online service Selective information dissemination Insect repellents 0305 BT Pesticides RT Insecticides Industrial fungicides Infrared rays 2304 BT Radiation Insecticides 0403 BT Pesticides ST Carbaryl Carbofurano Organophosphorous insecticides Organochlorine insecticides RT Insects Injuries USE Wounds and injuries Inlets USE Stormwater inlets Insects 2407 BT Arthropods ST Cokroaches Diptera Fleas Ticks Phlebotomus Mosquitões Inorganic chemistry 2400 BT Chemistry RT Inorganic compounds Inorganic compounds 2400 UF Inorganic substances BT Chemical compounds 79 RT Lice Insect control Fumigation Agricultural pests Insecticides Disease vectors International agencies 2103 UF International organizations RT International cooperation International agreements 2103 RT International cooperation Insecure actions USE Occupational risks International cooperation 2103 SN Every form of cooperation on an international basis RT International agreements Technical cooperation Horizontal cooperation International agencies Economic cooperation Insecure labor conditions USE Occupational risks Inspection chambers USE Inspection manholes Inspection manholes 5202 UF Open wells Sewer manholes Inspection chambers RT Sewerage Institutional aspects USE Institutional development International organizations USE International agencies International water 3900 BT Water RT Frontier water International Water and Sanitation Decade 0103 SN To be used for reports and programs related to the Decade RT Sanitation policy Institutional development 2706 UF Institutional aspects Institutions RT Systemic administration Professional associations Internet 2707 BT Information technology RT Information services Virtual library Institutions USE Institutional development Interbasin transfer 4100 UF Transferring RT Water resources planning Basins Intercepting channels 5200 UF Sewage collectors Sewage conduits RT Sewerage Intestinal infectious diseases USE Gastrointestinal diseases Intoxication 2303 9201 RT Hazardous substances Toxic substances Toxicity Intercepting sewers 5200 RT Sewerage Inventories USE Census Intermediate technology 1300 BT Technology RT Appropriate technology Low cost technology Inverse osmosis 4316 UF Reverse osmosis BT Unit operations 80 RT Desalting Water hardness Deionized water Water softening Demineralization Advanced treatment RT Iodine 4308 BT Chemical elements RT Water disinfectants Goiter Iodine disinfection Iodines Laser rays X rays Alpha particles Radiological protection Radiation effects Beta rays Iron USE Iron Iron 2400 UF Iron BT Chemical elements RT Ferric compounds Iron bacteria Siderurgy industry Iron salts Siderosis Ferric sulphate Ferrous sulphate Iron pipes Iodine disinfection 4308 BT Water disinfection RT Halogenation Iodine Iodines Iodines 2400 BT Chemical compounds RT Iodine Iodine disinfection Iron bacteria 2407 UF Ferrobacillus BT Bacteria RT Iron Ion concentration 2400 RT pH Ion exchange 4309 SN A chemical process involving reversible interchanges of ions between a liquid and solid, but not radical changes in the structure of the solid UF Ion transfer BT Unit operations RT Water softening Water hardness Advanced treatment Deionized water Contact column Desalting Demineralization Iron pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines RT Iron Iron salts 4303 RT Iron Irradiated food USE Food irradiation Irradiation USE Radiation Irrigation (Agriculture) 3709 5512 UF Irrigation water Watering RT Treated effluents Agronomy Land application Irrigation channels Water drainage Wastewater use Water use Ion transfer USE Ion exchange Ionized radiation 2304 BT Radiation ST Gamma rays 81 Food analysis Water analysis Air analysis Soil analysis Physical analysis Physicochemical analysis Chemical analysis Laboratory equipment Irrigation channels 4107 RT Irrigation (Agriculcture) Irrigation water USE Irrigation (Agriculture) Irritating gases 8208 BT Gases RT Hydrogen sulphide acid Sulphuric acid Chlorine Hydrochloric acid Laboratory animals 1404 BT Laboratories RT Laboratory experiment Laboratory research ISO 14000 2200 RT Environmental administration Environmental quality standards Technical standards Environmental performance Ecolabel Life cycle Environmental audits Laboratory equipment 1404 UF Laboratory instruments BT Equipment ST Analytical balances Aspirator bottles Centrifuges Gas chromatographers Distillators Dosimeters Spectrophotometers Spectrographs Electronic microscopy RT Heaters Laboratories Radiometry ISO 9000 2200 RT Environmental administration Industries Organization and administration Technical standards Total quality Laboratory experiment 1404 BT Laboratories TR Laboratory research Laboratory techniques and procedures Laboratory test Laboratory instruments USE Laboratory equipment Isotopes 2400 RT Radioisotopes Jar test 3307 RT Water analysis Kerosene 2801 BT Hydrocarbon RT Gasoline Petroleum Laboratory research 1404 BT Laboratories RT Laboratory experiment Laboratory techniques and procedures Laboratory test Ketones 2400 BT Organic compounds Klebsiella 2407 BT Coliforms Laboratory techniques and procedures 1404 BT Laboratories Laboratories 1404 RT Biological analysis 82 RT Laboratory experiment Laboratory research Laboratory test RT Lakes Limnology Lakes 3105 3200 SN Inland surface water BT Surface water RT Natural water Lake basins Limnology Lagoons Lake water catchment Lakes and impoundings contamination Laboratory test 1404 BT Laboratories RT Laboratory experiment Laboratory research Laboratory techniques and procedures Laboratory waste 1404 BT Laboratories RT Hazardous wastes Lakes and impoundings contamination 3503 BT Water contamination RT Impoundings Thermal stratification Lakes Limnology Labour 9000 ST Labour law Labour market Occupational safety Working conditions Working women Labour law 9000 BT Labour RT Working conditions Laminar flow 3103 UF Laminar regime Laminar movement BT Water flow Labour market 9000 BT Labour RT Working conditions Laminar movement USE Laminar flow Lactobacillaceae 2407 BT Bacteria Laminar regime USE Laminar flow Lagoons 3105 3200 SN A natural deposit of water, smaller than a lake BT Surface water RT Limnology Lakes Lake basins 3200 BT Hydrographic basins RT Lakes Land USE Soils Lake contamination USE Lakes contamination and Land application 5503 BT Wastewater disposal RT Manure Seepage Wastewater subsurface injection Percolation Wastewater use Codisposal Hazardous waste disposal Hazardous waste deep well injection Subsurface mines Excreta disposal impoundings Lake water catchment 4103 BT Surface water catchment 83 Land conservation 2201 BT Environmental protection Larviphage fishes 0403 3109 UF Poeciliidae BT Fishes RT Larvicides Vector biological control Land development 2201 BT Environmental policy RT Land management and planning Laser rays 2304 BT Ionized radiation Land excavation 4107 4105 RT Water drainage Well drilling Latrines USE Latrines (Environmental health) Land management and planning 2201 TG Environmental administration TR Land development Land reclamation 2201 BT Soils RT Land restoration Soils treatment Latrines (Environmental health) 5600 UF Septic latrines Pit latrines Latrines Hydraulic seal latrines Aquaprivies Borehole latrines BT Excreta disposal RT Soil contamination Public bathing facilities Cesspits Basic sanitation Rural sanitation Land restoration 2201 BT Soils RT Land reclamation Soils treatment Laundries 9400 UF Laundry of clothes and textile TR Detergents Industry Land subsidence USE Land movement Law 2900 BT Environmental legislation RT Decree law Law draft Land movement 2600 UF Land subsidence RT Construction Soil mechanics Trenching machines Land use 7700 RT Soils Law draft 2900 BT Environmnetal legislation RT Law Landslides 0800 UF Avalanches Collapses BT Geological disasters RT Sanitation in disasters Leachate USE Percolating liquid Landslides USE Avalanches Larvicides 0403 ST Creosote RT Larviphage fishes Petroleum Leaching USE Percolation Leaching fields 5503 3600 RT Percolation 84 Infiltration-percolation ditches Lead 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Lead poisoning Toxic metals Lead pipes RT discussed. For textual laws, decrees, rules, etc, use: Legislation Legislation Legislative decree 2900 BT Decree RT Decree law Ministerial decree Lead pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines RT Lead Leishmaniasis 0202 BT Communicable diseases RT Phlebotomus Lead poisoning 9200 UF Saturnism BT Occupational diseases RT Lead Leprosy 0202 UF Hansen disease BT Communicable diseases Leptospira 2407 BT Bacteria RT Leptospirosis Leak detection USE Leakage / Determination Leakage 4610 UF Unaccounted-for water Leakage control Water leak control Leak detection RT Water conservation Water distribution Waste of water Water conservation devices Unaccounted-for water consumption Pitometry Leptospirosis 0202 BT Communicable diseases RT Leptospira Lethal dose 50 2303 9201 SN Dosage (DL50) of an active ingredient which, when taken, kills half of the organisms exposed. Use in combination with other descriptors RT Permissible limits Toxic substances Toxicity Leakage control USE Leakage / Control Leukemia 0202 BT Neoplams Learning USE Training Levy USE Taxes Leather USE Leather industry Librarianship 2707 RT Information science Leather industry 9400 UF Leather BT Industries Libraries 2707 BT Information centers ST Virtual library RT Information services Legal aspects 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination. It is applied when a law creation or modification is Library catalogs 0000 85 SN BT To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination Reference books UF RT Lice 2407 BT Insects RT Epidemic louse-born typhus Life cycle 2300 UF Life cycle evaluation RT Ecolabel Hazardous waste minimization ISO 14000 Recycling (Environmental health) Paleolimnology Thermal stratification Lakes Lagoons Lake water catchment Lakes and impoundings mination conta- Linings 0000 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Coatings RT Building industry Lithium 2400 BT Chemical elements Life cycle evaluation USE Life cycle Litoral USE Coasts Life quality 2200 UF Life standard Standard of living RT Socioeconomic factors Human ecology Mortality Morbidity Environmental quality Environmental contamination Environmental health Litoral contamination USE Coastal contamination Litter bins USE Solid waste recipients Livestock 2803 RT Agriculture Slaughterhouse sanitation Life standard USE Life quality Local building material 2600 BT Construction RT Construction materials Lime USE Calcium hydroxyde / Lime and gypsum industry Local development 2102 RT Local resource utilisation Lime and gypsum industry 9400 UF Lime Gypsum BT Industries Local resource utilisation 2706 2102 RT Local development Localization USE Site selection Limnological resources USE Water resources Location USE Site selection Limnology 3105 SN Deals with physical, biological and hydrological phenomena of lakes and lagoons in relation to their environment Long-term effect 2300 BT Impacts on health RT Environmental risks 86 UF BT RT Longitudinal studies 0202 BT Epidemiological studies RT Case-control studies Cohort studies Cross-sectional studies Low-cost housing 2102 BT Housing Dolomitic lime Carbonates Water softening Calcium Water hardness Magnesium oxide 2400 BT Oxides RT Magnesium Magnetic resonance imaging 0202 BT Diagnostic techniques and procedures Low cost USE Low-cost technology Low water consumption USE Water conservation Magnetic segregation 6603 BT Solid waste segregation RT Metallic wastes Low-cost technology 1300 UF Low cost RT Appropriate technology Intermediate technology Magnetism 2409 RT Electromagnetism Lumber industry 9400 RT Building industry Cellulose Malacology USE Mollusca Lymphoma 0202 BT Neoplams Malaria 0202 BT Waterborne diseases RT Anopheles Plasmodium Machinery 1600 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors BT Equipment RT Accidents caused by machinery Soft equipment Heavy equipment Malathion 0403 BT Organophosphorous insecticides Malta fever USE Brucellosis Macrobenthos USE Benthic fauna Man made environment USE Environment Macrophyton 3109 2406 ST Water hyacinths RT Aquatic flora Man-made disasters 0800 BT Disasters RT Environmental contamination Explosions Fires Magnesium 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Magnesium oxide Management 2706 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination, unless the subject is Magnesium calcium carbonate 2400 87 RT not applied to a specific area. In this case use field 87: Main descriptors Organization and administration Agriculture Maps 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Atlas Plans Management of natural resources 2201 BT Environmental administration Management systems USE Organization and administration Marginal areas USE Poverty areas Manganese 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Manganese disease Manganese disease 9200 BT Occupational diseases RT Manganese Marginal zones USE Poverty areas Marine abysses USE Seabottom Marine animals USE Marine fauna Mangrove swamps 3200 UF Marshes RT Tidal lands Wetlands Marine biology 3106 ST Marine fauna Marine flora RT Aquatic biology Sea water contamination Oceanography Marine environment Coral reefs Manpower USE Human resources Manual segregation 6603 BT Solid waste segregation Manual sweeping 6200 BT Street sweeping and cleaning RT Mechanical sweeping Garbage wheel barrows Marine contamination USE Sea water contamination Marine conservation area 2201 BT Protected areas Manuals 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Reference books Marine currents 3103 3106 BT Water currents ST Coastal streams Warm currents Cold currents RT Contaminant dispersion Manufacturing USE Construction Manure 6604 7401 UF Dung RT Land application Excreta disposal Treated effluents Faeces Fertilizers Compost Humus Marine environment 3106 2104 UF Sea RT Marine biology Coasts Seabottom Aquatic environment Oceanography 88 Marine fauna 3109 UF Marine animals BT Marine biology RT Aquatic fauna Marine flora Marine resources Markets USE Market sanitation Marine flora 3109 UF Marine plants BT Marine biology RT Marine fauna Aquatic flora Marine resources Mass media 2707 RT Information technology RT Food inspection Marshes USE Mangrove swamps Mass spectrometry 3307 5301 BT Spectrometry Marine geology USE Seabottom Master plans 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Programming Marine intrusion 3600 SN The enter of sea water into a coast aquifer formation UF Saline intrusion BT Groundwater contamination RT Aquifers Material resistance 2600 RT Civil engineering Materials Performance tests Marine plants USE Marine flora Materials 1600 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Accidents caused by material handling Equipment Construction materials Material resistance Pipelines Marine resources 3200 RT Marine fauna Marine flora Water resources Marine sediments (Environmental health) 3106 BT Sediments RT Seabottom Maternal and child health 0100 0202 BT Health RT Child health Women’s health Marine water USE Sea water Maritime constructions 4104 3102 BT Hydraulic structures Maternal exposure 0202 2300 BT Environmental risk exposure Occupational exposure Maritime rights 3900 UF Sea rights RT Water rights Mathematical models 2500 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Analytical models RT Water quality Market sanitation 0502 UF Fair market sanitation Markets BT Sanitation 89 Computer systems System analysis Medicines USE Pharmaceutic industry Maturation ponds 5311 UF Polishing ponds BT Stabilization ponds Meetings USE Congresses Melt water 3000 UF Sleet Thawing BT Water RT Runoff Ice Snow Maximum acceptable dose 9300 RT Maximum allowable concentration Maximum allowable concentration 9300 RT Maximum acceptable dose Meat industry 9400 BT Food processing industry RT Beef cattle Ovines Swine Slaughterhouse sanitation Membrane filters 3307 4807 BT Filters RT Membrane filtration Membrane filtration 3307 4807 BT Filtration RT Microbiological analysis Membrane filters Culture medium Mechanic flocculators 4304 5305 BT Flocculators Mechanical sweeping 6200 BT Street sweeping and cleaning RT Sweepers Manual sweeping Mental health 0100 BT Health Mercury 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Toxic metals Mechanization USE Automation Medical care 0101 RT Occupational accidents Hospitals Medicine Rehabilitation Public health Metabolism 2405 RT Biodegradation Biology Biochemistry Biochemical oxygen demand Nutrients Proteins Medical posts USE Health care centers Metal finishing USE Electroplating industry Medicine 0103 ST Occupational medicine RT Epidemiology Hospitals Medical care Public health Toxicology Metallic contaminants USE Toxic metals Metallic tracers USE Inorganic tracers 90 Metallic wastes 6101 BT Solid wastes ST Abandoned vehicles Scrap metals RT Magnetic segregation Toxic metals RT Meteorological disasters Meteorologic statistics Meteorology Meteorological phenomenon USE Meteorological factors Meteorological stations 2104 RT Meteorologic statistics Monitoring stations Meteorology Metallurgy USE Metalmechanic industry Metalworking industry 9400 BT Industries ST Aluminum industry Electroplating industry RT Foundry Meteorology 2108 RT Climatology Meteorological disasters Meteorologic statistics Meteorological stations Meteorological factors Hydrometeorology Atmospheric pressure Meteorologic data USE Meteorologic statistics Meteorologic measurements USE Meteorologic statistics Methane 2400 BT Organic compounds RT Biogas Asphyxiating gases Ethane Sanitary landfills Meteorologic statistics 2108 UF Meteorologic measurements Climatic data Meteorologic data RT Meteorological stations Meteorological factors Meteorology Meteorological disasters 0800 BT Natural disasters ST Hurricanes Droughts Storms RT Meteorological factors Meteorology Methodology USE Methods Methods 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Methodology RT Analytical methods Research Methylmercury 2400 BT Organic compounds Meteorological factors 2108 UF Meteorological phenomenon ST Humidity Hurricanes Mist Clouds Droughts Temperature Storms Winds Methylparathion 0403 BT Organophosphorous insecticides Metropoles USE Metropolitan zones Metropolitan zones 2102 UF Metropoles 91 RT Military activities 9400 Urban zones Microalgae USE Algae Milk (Industry) USE Dairy product industry Microbiological analysis 3307 4807 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors BT Biological analysis ST Bacteriological analysis Virological analysis RT Microorganisms isolation Standard plate counting Membrane filtration Microbiology Culture medium Mineral particles USE Inorganic particles Mineral water 3000 BT Water RT Soft drink industry Mineralogy USE Mining Mines USE Mining Microbiology 2405 2407 RT Microbiological analysis Bacteriology Biology Biotechnology Water microbiology Protozoa Rickettsias Virology Minicomputers USE Computers Minimisation of damage 2201 BT Environmental protection RT Environmental protection control Environmental policy Mining 9400 UF Mines Mineralogy Mining industry RT Pneumoconiogenic particles Mining tailings Pneumoconiosis Mining acid water Microfiltration USE Microstraining Microorganisms isolation 3307 4807 RT Microbiological analysis Mining acid water 3402 5400 SN Water from mines containing minerals in solution and a low pH due to the oxidation of ferric sulfate in sulfuric acid BT Mining tailings RT Water acidity Mining Neutralization Microscreening USE Microstraining Microstraining 5302 4315 UF Microscreening Microfiltration BT Straining RT Suspended solids Microwaves 2304 RT Radiation Mining industry USE Mining Migraine 0202 BT Nervous system diseases 92 Mining tailings 3402 5400 BT Industrial effluents ST Mining acid water RT Raw effluents Mining Mixers 1600 BT Equipment Mobile plants 5315 4324 BT Treatment plants RT Sanitation in disasters Ministerial decree 2900 BT Decree Rt Decree law Legislative decree Modular plants 5315 4324 BT Treatment plants Molecular oxygen activated sludge USE Pure oxygen activated sludge Mist 2108 SN For air pollution by point and non point sources, use Smog UF Fog BT Meteorological factors RT Photochemical mist Mist catchment Clouds Mollusca 3109 UF Malacology RT Aquatic fauna Shellfish Molybdenum 2400 BT Chemical elements Mist catchment 4101 UF Rain induction Cloud seeding Fog Mist collectors Fog collectors BT Water catchment RT Rural water supply Rainwater catchment Mist Monitoring networks 3300 4800 RT Environmental monitoring Monitoring stations Water monitoring Air monitoring Soil monitoring Monitoring stations 2300 3300 RT Hydrological stations Meteorological stations Sampling Monitoring networks Mist collectors USE Fog collection Mites 2407 BT Arthropods Morbidity 2700 9202 RT Life quality Demography Vital statistics Mortality Mix zones 3400 5500 SN A zone that separates the regions occupied by two physically or chemically different fluids, occuring a graduation in the proprieties of the mixture of both fluids RT Contaminant dispersion Water contamination Mortality 2700 9202 UF Death causes ST Infant mortality RT Life quality Epidemiology Vital statistics Occupational accidents Morbidity Mixed flow pumps 4204 BT Pumps 93 Demography Mortality rate BT Mortality rate 2700 9202 RT Mortality Most probable number Multiple tubes Bacteriological analysis Multiple tubes USE Multiple tube method Mosquito control 0403 RT Mosquitões Disease vectors Municipal management 2706 BT Organization and administration RT Urban cleaning Sanitation Private management Mosquitões 2407 BT Insects ST Aedes Culex Anopheles RT Mosquito control Wetlands Municipal wastewater USE Domestic effluents Mus musculus USE Rats Most probable number USE Multiple tube method Mutagens 2300 2405 RT Genetics Mutations Pesticides Motor vehicles USE Non-point sources Motor vehicle emission 2303 8208 BT Non-point sources Mutations 2405 2304 RT Radiation effects Radiation exposure Genetics Ionized radiation Mottled enamel 0202 UF Fluorosis RT Caries Hydrofluoric acid Fluorine Fluoridation Mycotoxins 2407 BT Toxic substances RT Food contamination Fungi Moving bed 5314 RT Expanded bed Fixed bed Fluidized bed Rotary disks Biological reactors National administration USE Public administration National parks 2201 SN Delimited regions to protect native flora and fauna BT Natural reservations MPN USE Multiple tube method National planning 2102 BT Planning RT Public administration National plans Multimedia technology 2707 BT Information technology Multiple tube method 3307 4807 UF MPN National plans of action 0000 94 USE Environmental planning SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT National planning Natural calamities USE Natural disasters Natural resources use USE Natural resources exploitation Natural risk 2300 RT Environmental risks Natural disasters 0800 BT Disasters ST Geological disasters Hydrologic disasters Meteorological disasters Natural sedimentation USE Sedimentation Natural water 3000 SN Tasteless or almost tasteless water, as opposed to sea or mineral water. Its mineralization is very weak. Also designates inland waters, either surface or ground-water BT Water RT Rivers Potable water Lakes Natural environment USE Environment Natural recharge 4105 BT Aquifers recharge RT Artificial recharge Natural reservation USE Natural reservations Natural reservations 2201 SN Zones with natural resources that can be exploited in a scientific and limited way so that their conservation is always assured UF Natural reservation BT Natural resources ST National parks RT Environmental protection Necator 2407 BT Nematodes RT Ancylostomiasis Neisseriaceae 2407 BT Bacteria Nematodes 2407 BT Helminths ST Ascaris Necator Strongyloides Trichinella Trichuris Natural resources (Environmental health) 2201 ST Renewable resources Natural reservations Water resources RT Environmental planning Environmental protection Natural resources exploitation Endangered species Neonatal diseases and abnormalities 0202 BT Fetus RT Fetus mortality Neoplasms 9200 UF Cancer RT Carcinogens Occupational diseases Natural resources exploitation 2801 2201 UF Natural resources use RT Game Endangered species Natural resources Nephelometry and turbidimetry 3307 UF Turbidimeters Turbidimetry RT Secchi disks Natural resources planning 95 Analytical methods Water turbidity Nitrogenous deoxygenation Activated sludge Nitrates Nutrients Nitrites Oxidation Ammonia Nervous system diseases 0202 ST Migraine Neurotoxics 9201 2303 RT Toxicity Toxic substances Nitrifying bacteria USE Nitrobacteriaceae Nitriles 2400 BT Organic compounds Neutralization 2400 5401 BT Chemical process RT Mining acid water Acidification Acids Alkalinization Corrosive water Water acidity pH Nitriloacetate 2400 BT Organic compounds Nitrites 2400 BT Nitrogen compounds RT Nitrogen cycle Nitrification Nitrobacteriaceae 2407 UF Nitrifying bacteria Nitrogen bacteria BT Bacteria RT Nitrogen cyc le Neutron counters USE Radiometry NGO USE Non governmental organizations Nickel 2400 BT Chemical elements Nitrogen 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Nitrogen compounds Nitrogen cycle Nitrogen oxides Nutrients Niño, El USE Warm currents Nitrates 2400 BT Nitrogen compounds RT Nitrogen cycle Eutrophication Fertilizers Nitrification Nitrogen anhydride USE Nitrogen oxide Nitrogen bacteria USE Nitrobacteriaceae Nitric acid 2400 RT Nitrogen compounds Nitrification Nitrogen compounds 2400 BT Organic compounds ST Ammonia Nitrites Nitrogen oxides Nitrates RT Nitrogen Nitrification 2400 BT Chemical reaction RT Nitric acid Nitrogen cycle Denitrification 96 Nitric acid Sound Nitrogen cycle 2400 RT Soil biology Biogeochemical cycle Denitrification Nitrogenous deoxygenation Nitrates Nitrification Nitrites Nitrobacteriaceae Nitrogen Nitrogen oxides Nitrogen dioxide 2400 BT Nitrogen oxides Nitrogen gaseous contaminants 2303 BT Gaseous contaminants ST Nitrogen oxides Noise contamination USE Sound contamination Noise control 2307 UF Noise reduction BT Environmental contamination control RT Sound contamination Noise measurement Noise effects Noise Industrial sanitation Noise effects 2307 RT Sound contamination Noise control Noise Vibration 8208 Nitrogen oxides 2400 UF Nitrogen anhydride BT Oxides ST Nitrogen dioxide RT Nitrogen Nitrogen cycle Noise measurement 2307 RT Hearing Sound contamination Noise control Noise Nitrogenous decomposition USE Nitrogenous deoxygenation Noise reduction USE Noise control Nitrogenous deoxygenation 2400 UF Nitrogenous stage Nitrogenous decomposition BT Chemical process RT Biochemical oxygen demand Nitrification Nitrogen cycle Biological reaction Noise survillance 2307 BT Environmental monitoring RT Sound contamination Sound control Noise-free technology 1300 BT Technology RT Appropriate technology High-cost technology Low-cost technology Technological development Nitrogenous stage USE Nitrogenous deoxygenation Noise 2307 RT Sound contamination Physical contaminants Noise control Noise effects Noise measurement Non biodegradable contaminants USE Conservative contaminants Non conservative contaminants USE Biodegradation 97 Non conventional energy 2801 UF Alternative energy Energy options BT Energy ST Biogas Wind energy Solar energy Nozzles 1600 BT Plant equipment Nuclear energy 2801 UF Atomic energy BT Energy RT Nuclear plants Thermonuclear plants Radioactive contamination Radiactivity Nuclear reactors Non governmental organizations 0303 UF NGO RT Horizontal cooperation Nuclear plants (Environmental health) 2304 2801 BT Energy plants RT Nuclear energy Radiactivity Nuclear reactors Non-filterable total residue USE Suspended solids Non-point sources 2303 8208 UF Automobile exhaust Motor vehicles Automobiles RT Environmental contaminants Industrial contaminants Smoke Plumes Carbon monoxide Nuclear reactors 2304 RT Nuclear plants Radioactive effluents Nuclear energy Radiactivity Non pollution energy source 2801 BT Energy sources ST Non-pollution fuel Nutrient proliferation USE Eutrophication Nuclear weapons 2303 RT Biological and chemical weapons Radiactivity Non-settleable particles USE Colloidal particles Non-polluting fuel 2801 BT Non pollution energy source RT Fossil fuels Combustion Nutrients 2405 3109 RT Algae Food chain Water chemical characteristics Bacterial growth Eutrophication Metabolism Nitrification Periphyton Plankton Phosphorus Nitrogen Potassium Substrata Non-renewable energy resources 2201 BT Non-renewable resources Non-renewable resources 2201 RT Non-renewable energy resources Non-uniform flow 3103 BT Water flow Noxious subs tances USE Hazardous substances Nutrient film technique 7702 RT Hydropponic systems 98 RT Nutrition 2405 0103 RT Food inspection Public health Oases 2403 BT Geographical features RT Arid zones Obstructions (Sewerage) 5200 UF Clogging RT Sewerage Operation and maintenance Respiratory diseases Workmen's compensation Industries Occupational medicine Neoplasms Pneumoconiosis Rehabilitation Occupational risks Absenteeism Occupational exposure 9000 RT Environmental risk exposure Maternal exposure Work environment Occupational accidents 9100 ST Accidents caused by electrical discharges Accidents caused by cutting elements Accidents caused by explosives Accidents caused by impacts Accidents caused by tools Accidents caused by material handling Accidents c aused by machinery Transport accidents Accidents with burns Accidents with radioactive substances RT Medical care Accidents consequences Occupational health 9000 UF Industrial hygiene RT Ergonomics Sanitary engineering Occupational medicine Accidents prevention Industrial psychology Occupational risks Industrial sanitation Industrial safety Occupational medicine 9200 SN Deals with health and its relationship with the worker and his working environment BT Medicine RT Occupational diseases Occupational accidents Accidents consequences Occupational health Physical examination Occupational accidents agents USE Occupational risks Occupational air contaminants 9300 RT Occupational risks Air contaminants Occupational risks 9202 UF Occupational accidents agents Insecure labor conditions Insecure actions RT Occupational accidents Work environment Occupational air contaminants Occupational diseases Occupational cancer 9200 BT Occupational diseases Occupational dermatitis 9200 UF Dermatosis BT Occupational diseases Occupational diseases 9200 SN Used in relation to harmful influences of the working activities and environment on the worker's health ST Arseniosis Occupational safety 9000 BT Labour RT Occupational safety Working conditions 99 Ocean disposal of hazardous waste 6308 SN Final disposal of hazardous wastes at high seas UF Hazardous waste discharge into ocean BT Hazardous waste disposal RT Sludge disposal into sea Sludge final disposal Oil refineries USE Petroleum industry Oil spills 3501 3504 RT Chemical accidents Sea water contamination Petroleum Oil-producing resources USE Petroleum Oceanic contamination USE Sea water contamination Onchocerciasis 0202 SN Caused by fylarial worms (simulium genus). It generally causes blindness BT Waterborne diseases Oceanographic chemistry 3106 RT Oceanography Chemistry Oceanography 3106 SN Studies the seas and oceans including topography of coasts, seabottom, currents, tides, sea water physics and chemistry, and the multiple phases of marine biology UF Oceanology RT Seabottom Hydrography Oceanographic chemistry Marine environment Sea water Marine biology Online service 2707 BT Informationtechnology RT Internet Selective information dissemination Open channel flow USE Closed currents Open conduits USE Open water networks Open currents 3103 BT Water currents Oceanology USE Oceanography Open dumps 6700 SN Wastes accumulation in a final destination. It is made with little or no control UF Refuse dumps BT Solid waste disposal RT Solid waste segregators Sanitary landfills Odour elimination USE Deodorization Oil 2400 BT Organic compounds ST Palm oil RT Industrial effluents Oil and fat industry Fats Open filters 4307 5304 BT Filters RT Open filtration Oil and fat industry 9400 BT Industries RT Oil Fats Fishing industry Open filtration 4307 BT Filtration RT Open filters 100 Open trucks 6501 BT Urban cleaning equipment Organic beds 7702 RT Organic agriculture Open water networks 4402 UF Open conduits BT Water distribution networks Organic chemistry 2400 BT Chemistry RT Organic matter Organic c ompounds Open wells USE Inspection manholes Organic compounds 2400 UF Organic substances BT Chemical compounds ST Amino acids Alcohols Aldehydes Oil Benzopyrenes Benzene Starch Ketones Cellulose Methylmercury Cyanide Nitrogen compounds Proteins Ester Ethane Amine RT Charcoal Organic particles Organic chemistry Carbon Organic tracers Organic acids Organic contaminants Organic contaminants 8208 2302 BT Biological contaminants RT Organic acids Chemical contaminants Hydrocarbon Organic compounds Operation and maintenance 4700 5800 RT Corrective maintenance Equipment maintenance Preventive maintenance Operators Spare parts Operational research 2500 SN Application of scientific methods to problems solution involving the operation of a system to provide the best solutions to decision makers ST Simulation RT System analysis Operators 4700 5800 RT Operation and maintenance Human resources Optimization 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Organization and administration Retrofitting Organic acids 2400 BT Acids ST Fatty acids RT Amino acids Organic contaminants Organic compounds Organic agriculture 7702 BT Agriculture RT Hydroponics Organic beds Organic load 5308 5100 RT Biodegradation Biochemical oxygen demand Organic matter Substrata Organic matter 2400 101 RT Biomass Organic chemistry Substrata Organic load Aldrin DDD Dieldrin Endrin Heptachlor DDT Toxaphene Organic particles 2400 8208 BT Particles RT Organic compounds Organophosphorous insecticides 0403 BT Insecticides ST Diazinon Parathion Malathion Methylparathion RT Phosphorus compounds Organic substances USE Organic compounds Organic tracers 2400 RT Organic compounds Contamination indicators Organic wastes 6101 UF Biodegradable wastes BT Solid wastes ST Dead animals RT Biodegradation Composting Orifice valves 4406 BT Water valves Orthokinetic flocculation 4304 5305 BT Flocculation Osmosis 2409 ST Inverse osmosis RT Filtration Dialysis Organization USE Organization and administration Organization and administration 2706 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination, unless the subject is not applied to a specific area. In this case use field 87: Main descriptors UF Administration Administrative aspects Organization Management systems ST Environmental administration Personnel management Municipal management Systemic administration Sanitary management Public administration Private management RT Management Optimization Planning Outdoor air 8000 RT Air contamination Air quality Indoor air Outfalls 5200 RT Sewerage Collector channels Overflows USE Floods (Environmental health) Ovines 2803 UF Sheeps RT Meat industry Oxidants 2400 RT Oxidation Organochlorine insecticides 0403 BT Insecticides ST Chlordane Oxidation 2400 BT Chemical reaction 102 ST RT Wet oxidation Biological oxidation Chemical oxidation Combustion Nitrification Oxides Oxidation lagoons Electrodialysis Antioxidants Oxidation reduction Oxidants Corrosion Oxygen Wastewater treatment Water treatment Oxygen 2400 BT Chemical elements ST Dissolved oxygen RT Oxygen consumption Aeration Oxigenation Ozone Oxygen consumption 5310 UF Oxygen requirement RT Biochemical oxygen demand Oxygen Chemical oxygen demand Endogenous respiration Oxygen transfer Oxidation ditches 5311 RT Oxidation lagoons Activated sludge Biological treatment Secondary treatment Wastewater treatment Oxygen level 5310 4323 RT Biochemical oxygen demand Chemical oxygen demand Oxigenation Oxidation lagoons USE Stabilization ponds Oxidation ponds activated sludge USE Prolonged aeration sludge activated Oxygen requirement USE Oxygen consumption Oxidation reduction 2400 BT Chemical reaction RT Oxidation Oxygen transfer 5310 4323 UF Oxygen transport BT Gas transfer RT Biochemical oxygen demand Aeration Oxygen consumption Oxides 2400 UF Anhydrides BT Chemical compounds ST Carbon dioxide Chlorine dioxide Sulphur oxides Calcium oxide Magnesium oxide Nitrogen oxides RT Oxidation Oxygen transport USE Oxygen transfer Ozonation 4308 BT Water disinfection RT Deodorization Ozone Oxigenation 2400 5310 RT Absorption Aeration Biochemical oxygen demand Chemical oxygen demand Aerobic ponds Oxygen level Ozone 2400 4308 RT Ozone layer Water disinfectants Gases Oxygen Ozonation 103 Parasitology Parasitological analysis 3307 4807 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors BT Biological analysis RT Parasitic diseases Parasitology Ozone layer 8200 RT Air contamination Ozone Packers USE Packing industry Packing industry 9400 UF Packers BT Industries RT Cannery Soft drink industry Food processing industry Parasitology 2405 2407 RT Parasitological analysis Bacteriology Biology Parasitic diseases Parasites Virology Painting industry 9400 UF Varnish BT Industries RT Building industry Parasitoses USE Parasitic diseases Parathion 0403 BT Organophosphorous insecticides Paleolimnology USE Limnology Paratyphoid USE Paratyphoid fever Palm oil 2400 BT Oil Paratyphoid fever 0202 UF Paratyphoid BT Gastrointestinal diseases Paper USE Pulp and paper industry Parameters 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination Parshall meters USE Water discharge meters Particle counting 3307 4807 RT Water samples Air samples Parasites 2407 RT Enterobacteriaceae Helminths Fungi Parasitology Protozoa Viruses Particle removal 5309 8700 RT Particles Air contamination Sediment transport Particles 8208 2304 UF Particulate matter Particulates ST Settleable particles Suspended particles Pneumoconiogenic particles Organic particles Inorganic particles Parasitic diseases 0202 UF Parasitoses ST Helminthiasis RT Parasitological analysis Soil contamination Waterborne diseases Host-parasite relations 104 RT Colloidal particles Airborne particles Sewage collectors Physical contaminants Dust Electrostatic rain Particle removal SN Liquid effluent from the interaction of a liquid on a solid waste or from the waste decomposition itself UF Percolating water Lixiviated RT Sanitary landfills Percolation Percolating water USE Percolating liquid Particulate matter USE Particles Patents 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Technology Percolation 5503 3600 SN Flow of liquids through a porous media UF Lixiviation RT Leaching fields Groundwater contamination Hydrologic cycle Solid waste disposal Land application Seepage Percolating liquid Groundwater Porosity Septic tanks Infiltration-percolation ditches Pathogenic agents USE Bacteria or specific descriptors Percussion drilling 4105 BT Well drilling Pathogenic microorganisms USE Bacteria or specific descriptors Performance evaluation (Equipment) USE Performance tests Pathogenic organisms USE Bacteria or specific descriptors Pathogens USE Bacteria or specific descriptors Performance tests 2600 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Construction Material resistance PCB USE Polychlorinated biphenyles Periphyton 3109 RT Nutrients Penalties for environmental damages 1900 2900 BT Environmnetal legislation Permeable soils USE Soil permeability Particulates USE Particles Pasteurization USE Food conservation Pasture 7702 RT Animal feeding Crops Permissible limits 9300 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Exposure levels Exposure limits Percolating filters USE Biological filters Percolating liquid 6702 105 RT Exposure time Lethal dose 50 Environmental contaminants Environmental risk exposure Petroleum industry Petroleum derivatives USE Petroleum industry Persistent contaminants USE Conservative contaminants Petroleum industry 9400 UF Petroleum derivatives Petroleum industry Oil refineries BT Industries RT Petroleum pH 2400 SN Logarithm of the inverse of hydro-gen concentration. It is an index of alkalinity or acidity RT Water chemical characteristics Corrosion Acidity Neutralization Ion concentration Personal hygiene 0303 RT Health education Personal protection 9101 RT Accidents prevention Occupational risks Industrial safety Personnel management 2706 BT Organization and administration Pert USE Critical path method Pest control 0403 UF Plague control RT Agronomy Vector biological control Weed control Fumigation Arthropods Agricultural pests Pesticides Sanitation Phaeophyceae USE Brown algae Pharmaceutic industry 9400 UF Drugs Medicines Pharmaceutical products BT Industries ST Antibiotics RT Cosmetics Pesticides 0403 UF Biocides Agricultural toxics ST Algicides Rodenticides Herbicides Insecticides Industrial fungicides Bactericides RT Pest control Fumigation Pharmaceutical products USE Pharmaceutic industry Phenol 2400 BT Organic compounds RT Phenolic compounds Water odour Water flavour Phenolic compounds 2400 BT Chemical compounds RT Phenol Petroleum 2801 UF Oil-producing resources BT Hydrocarbon RT Oil spills Larvicides Phlebotomus 2407 BT Insects 106 RT Leishmaniasis Photographic industry 9400 BT Industries Phosphates 2400 UF Sodium pyrophosfate Sodium hexametaphosphate BT Chemical compounds ST Polyphosfates RT Fertilizers Photography (Industrial effluents) USE Photographic industry Photolysis 2400 BT Photochemical RT Air self-purification Phosphorus 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Phosphorus cycle Nutrients Photooxidation 2400 BT Photochemical RT Air self-purification Chemical oxidation Biological oxidation Oxidation lagoons Phosphorus compounds 2400 BT Chemical compounds RT Organophosphorous insecticides Phosphorus cycle 2400 RT Phosphorus Photosynthesis 2406 BT Biological process RT Oxidation lagoons Carbon dioxide Photochemical fog 2108 SN Lack of atmosphere transparency caused by the effect of humidity and sunlight on industrial and vehicle exhaust gases UF Smog RT Aerosols Air contaminants Mist Condensation Photosynthetic ponds USE Aerobic ponds Photovoltaic energy 2801 BT Energy Phreatic water USE Groundwater Photochemical reactions USE Photochemistry Physical analysis 2409 3307 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Water analysis Laboratories Physics Photochemistry 2400 UF Photochemical reactions BT Chemical reaction ST Photolysis Photooxidation Photosynthesis RT Air self-purification Chemistry Physical contaminants 2301 UF Thermic contamination sources BT Environmental contaminants RT Thermal contamination Air contaminants Physical contamination Industrial contaminants Water contaminants Soil contaminants Photogrametry 7203 UF Aerial photography Aerial triangulation RT Census Remote sensors 107 Heat Particles Noise Pigs USE Swine Pilot plants 5315 4324 BT Treatment plants Physical contamination 2301 BT Environmental contamination ST Radioactive contamination Sound contamination Thermal contamination RT Physical contaminants Pipe fitting USE Plumbing (Environmental health) Pipe laying 5202 4409 RT Sewerage Dimensioning Design Building specifications Sewerage hydraulics Water distribution networks Physical examination 9101 RT Occupational medicine Industrial safety Physical planning 2102 BT Planning RT Regionalization Urbanization Zonification Physicochemical analysis 2409 2400 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Qualitative analysis Quantitative analysis Water analysis Water physicochemical characteristics Laboratories Physicochemical treatment 5300 RTFlocculation Chemical precipitation Sedimentation Wastewater treatment Water treatment Pipe networks USE Sewerage Pipelines 4403 5200 UF Piping Pipes ST Concrete pipes Copper pipes Lead pipes PVC pipes Steel pipes Fiberglass pipes Iron pipes Reinforced concrete pipes Asbestos-cement pipes Clay pipes Bamboo pipes Submarine pipes RT Plumbing accesories Corrosion Head loss Materials Sewerage Polyethylene pipes 4313 Physics 2409 RT Physical analysis Chemistry Phytoplankton 3109 2406 BT Plankton RT Eutrophication Aquatic flora Fungi Algae Pipes USE Pipelines Piping USE Pipelines Piston pumps 108 USE Positive displacement pumps Socioeconomic planning Plans 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Maps Pit latrines USE Latrines (Environmental health) Pitometry 3102 4612 SN A set of activities aimed to the obtainment, process, analysis, and use of data related to water flows, volumes, pressures, and levels for specific diagnoses of the real or simulated conditions of a water supply operation system RT Leakage Plans and programs USE Programming Plant equipment 1600 BT Equipment ST Aerators Pumps Nozzles Boilers Sewage collectors Shredders Diffusers Rotary disks Dosing Filters Flocculators Incinerators Exchangers Water level recorders Electrostatic precipitators RT Heaters Plague control USE Pest control Plaguicide exposure 9300 BT Chemical compound exposure RT Pesticides Plaguicides industry 9400 BT Industries RT Pesticides Plain sedimentation USE Sedimentation Plankton 3109 ST Phytoplankton Zooplankton RT Biomass Nutrients Aquatic flora Plant poisoning 2303 9201 BT Toxic substances Plants USE Flora Plasmodium 2407 RT Anopheles Malaria Planning 2706 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination, unless the sub-ject in not applied to a specific area. In this case use field 87: Main descriptors ST Physical planning Environmental planning Water resources planning National planning Rural planning Sanitary planning Plastic pipes USE PVC pipes Plastics 6101 RT Polyvinyl chloride Plastics industry Plastics industry 9400 BT Industries 109 RT Plastics Resins BT ST RT Plate sedimentation USE Acelerated sedimentation Particles Silica Mining Pneumoconiosis Pneumoconiosal diseases USE Pneumoconiosis Platinum 2400 BT Chemical elements Pneumoconiosis 9200 UF Pneumoconiosal diseases Bagassosis BT Respiratory diseases ST Asbestosis Siderosis Silicosis RT Mining Pneumoconiogenic particles Plumbing USE Plumbing (Environmental health) Plumbing (Environmental health) 4406 UF Plumbing Pipe fitting RT Plumbing accesories Plumbing accesories 4406 UF Screens Taps Grease screens Sand screens Siphons Sinkholes Faucets RT Sanitary devices Sanitary installations Water conservation devices Plumbing Pipelines Poeciliidae USE Larviphage fishes Point sources 8208 2303 RT Ringelman chart Industrial contaminants Environmental contaminants Smoke Plumes Poisonous animals 0403 BT Fauna RT Domestic animals Plumes 8208 UF Industrial chimneys Industrial fumes RT Point sources Non-point sources Smoke Contaminant dispersion Air contaminants Industrial contaminants Poisonous wastes USE Hazardous wastes Poliomyelites 0202 BT Virosis RT Poliovirus Poliovirus 0202 BT Enteroviruses RT Poliomyelites Plutonium 2400 BT Chemical elements Rt Inorganic compounds Polishing ponds USE Maturation ponds Pneumatic systems USE Pressure systems Pneumoconiogenic particles 8208 9202 110 Polluter-pays principle 2900 1900 RT Environmnetal contamination control Environmental legislation Environmental misconduct Penalties for environmental damages Population 2700 ST Urban population Rural population RT Population growth Demography Human settlements Polychlorinated biphenyls 2400 UF PCB BT Chlorine compounds Population census 2501 RT Census Statistics Polychlorinated triphenyles USE Chlorine compounds Population growth 2700 RT Demography Population Polyelectrolytes USE Polymers Population projection 2700 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Demography Evaluation Forecasting Polyethylene pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines RT PVC pipes Polymers 2400 4303 UF Polyelectrolytes Porosity 2409 7102 RT Seepage Percolation Soil permeability Polyphosfates 2400 BT Phosphates Polyvinyl chloride 2400 UF PVC Vinyl polichloride RT Chlorides Plastics PVC pipes Porous media flocculators 4304 5305 BT Hydraulic flocculators Ports USE Harbor sanitation Positive displacement pumps 4204 UF Piston pumps BT Pumps Polyvinyl pipes USE PVC pipes Ponds 4401 RT Water storage Reservoirs Ponds in parallel 5311 RT Stabilization ponds Potable water 4800 SN Water appropriate for drinking UF Drinking water Domestic water BT Water RT Water supply Natural water Domestic water consumption Water utilities Treatment plants Ponds in series 5311 RT Stabilization ponds Poor settlements USE Poverty areas 111 Potassium 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Nutrients RT Sludge dehydration Pressure conduits USE Pressure waterpipe networks Potassium permanganate 2400 BT Inorganic compounds Pressure filters 4307 UF Closed filters BT Filters RT Rapid filtration Poultry 2803 RT Birds Poverty 2700 RT Poverty areas Unequity Pressure reducing valves 4406 UF Pressure regulators BT Plant equipment RT Safety valves Poverty areas 2102 0500 UF Squatters Slums Marginal areas Poor settlements Marginal zones Squatter settlements BT Human settlements Pressure regulators USE Pressure reducing valves Pressure systems 4400 UF Hydropneumatics Hydropneumatic systems Pneumatic systems RT Water distribution Power plants 2801 UF Water power plants BT Energy plants RT Electrical energy Pressure waterpipe networks 4402 UF Pressure conduits BT Water distribution networks Pretreatment 5302 RT Straining Grit removal Degreasing Wastewater treatment Predictive models USE Forecasting Preeschool 2700 RT Child Prefilters 4307 5304 RT Prefiltration Filters Prevalence 0202 BT Epidemiology RT Epidemiologic methods Incidence Prefiltration 4307 UF Coarse grained filtration BT Filtration RT Prefilters Prevention of communicable diseases USE Transmissible diseases / Control Preventive maintenance 4700 5800 RT Operation and maintenance Prenatal exposure delayed effects 0202 2300 RT Maternal exposure Prices USE Tariffs (Sanitary services) Press filters 5304 BT Filters Primary effluents 5302 112 Privatization 0103 RT Sanitary management Sanitary utilities Sanitary planning Sanitation policy Private sector BT Treated effluents Primary environmental health 0100 RT Community development Healthy cities Primary health care 0101 RT Health care centers Child Public health Sanitation Proceedings USE Congresses Processing USE Industries Primary sedimentation 5302 RT Sludge stripping Sedimentation Suspended solids Wastewater treatment Primary treatment Professional agencies USE Professional associations Professional associations 1200 UF Professional agencies Professionals RT Institutional development Primary treatment 5302 RT Primary sedimentation Primary treatment plants Wastewater treatment Professionals USE Professional associations Primary treatment plants 5302 BT Treatment plants RT Primary treatment Programming 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Project analysis Plans and programs Programs Projects RT Planning Master plans Project reports Printed circuit boards 6300 RT Electronic industry Printing industry 9400 UF Printing shops BT Industries Private enterprises USE Private management Programs USE Programming Private management 2706 UF Private enterprises BT Organization and administration RT Municipal management Public administration Private sector Project analysis USE Programming Project design USE Projects preparation Project formulation USE Projects preparation Private sector 0103 RT Private management Privatization Project profile USE Projects preparation 113 Protozoa 2407 ST Amoebas Ciliates Flagellates RT Microbiology Parasites Viruses Project reports 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Research reports RT Research Programming Projects preparation Pseudomonas 2407 BT Bacteria RT Contamination indicators Project writing USE Projects preparation Psychological aspects 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Psycosocial factors RT Social conditions Industrial psychology Projects USE Programming Projects preparation 0000 UF Project formulation Project profile Project design Project writing TR Project reports Psychological stress 9200 UF Stress Psychological tension RT Industrial psychology Prolonged aeration activated sludge 5308 UF Extended aeration activated sludge Oxidation ponds activated sludge BT Activated sludge Psychological tension USE Psychological stress Psycosocial factors USE Psychological aspects Protected areas 2201 BT Natural resources RT National parks Natural reservations Public administration 2706 UF National administration BT Organization and administration RT National planning Private management Protected springs 3200 UF Spring protection BT Springs Public bathing facilities 0500 RT Latrines Basic sanitation Proteins 2400 BT Organic compounds RT Biochemistry Amino acids Metabolism Public health 0100 RT Sanitary management Medical care Primary health care Epidemiology Hospitals Impacts on health Food inspection Medicine Protocol 2900 BT Environmental legislation RT Convention Codes Regulation 114 Nutrition Health policy Environmental health Sanitation Health services ST Public standposts 4500 UF Community water taps Community yard taps Public water taps Yard taps Water units RT Rural water supply Public water consumption USE Water consumption (Environmental health) RT Public water taps USE Public standposts Screw pumps Centrifugal pumps Positive displacement pumps Diaphragm pumps Rotary pumps Hydraulic ram Mixed flow pumps Handpumps Well pumps Axial flow pumps Solar pumps Submersible pumps Wastewater pumps Sludge pumps Cavitation Pumping stations Water hammer Pure oxygen activated sludge 5308 UF Molecular oxygen activated sludge Unux process activated sludge BT Activated sludge Public works 2600 SN Works financed by the government to attend community services like roads, bridges, sewerage, dams, etc RT Construction Capital financing Pure water 3000 SN Water bidistillated with potassium permanganate and baryta, frozen and then recollected by fusion BT Water Pulp and paper USE Pulp and paper industry Putrefaction USE Biodegradation Pulp and paper industry 9400 UF Cardboard Paper Pulp and paper BT Industries RT Cellulose PVC USE Polyvinyl chloride PVC pipes 4403 5200 UF Polyvinyl pipes Plastic pipes BT Pipelines RT Polyvinyl chloride Flexible installations Pulverization USE Grinding Pumping stations 4204 5207 UF Elevator plants RT Hydraulic structures Pumps Treatment plants Pyrolysis 2400 6605 SN Chemical decomposition without oxygen RT Incineration Pumps 4204 BT Plant equipment Qualitative analysis 3307 4807 115 by heat SN RT Radial filters 4307 5304 UF Radial circulation filters BT Filters To be used in combination with other descriptors Physicochemical analysis Quality control 0000 SN Checking of products made through different phases of manufacturing to assure the accomplishment of standards. To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination ST Analytical quality control RT Air quality control Water quality control Radiated food USE Food irradiation Radiation 2304 UF Irradiation Electromagnetic radiation ST Infrared rays Ultraviolet rays Thermal radiation Ionized radiation Solar radiation RT Radiation control Radioactive contaminants Microwaves Radiation effects Radioactive elements Radiation exposure Radiactivity Radiometry Quantitative analysis 3307 4807 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Physicochemical analysis Quality of health care 0100 0202 BT Public health Rabies 0202 BT Virosis Radiactive descontamination 2304 BT Radiation RT Radiactive contamination Radiation control 2304 RT Radioactive contamination Radiation effects Radiation Radiometry Radiactive emission 2304 BT Radiactive contamination RT Radiation effects Radiation exposure Radiation counters USE Radiometry Radiactive wastes 6101 BT Hazardous wastes RT Radioactive effluents Radioactive elements Soil contamination Radioactive contaminants Radiation effects 2304 RT Radiation control Radiation Ionized radiation Environmental impact Radiation exposure 9300 BT Environmental risk exposure RT Radiological protection Radiation Radiactivity 2304 UF Radioactivity RT Heavy water Thermonuclear plants Nuclear plants Radiation measurements USE Radiometry Radial circulation filters USE Radial filters Radiation monitors USE Radiometry 116 Radiactive elements 2400 BT Chemical elements ST Cobalt Radium Tritium Uranium RT Radioactive contaminants Radioactive effluents Radiation Radiation sikness 0202 BT Radiation RT Radiation effects Radiation exposure Radioactive contamination Radioactive accidents 9100 BT Occupational accidents RT Radiactivity Radiactive emission 2304 BT Radiactive contamination RT Radiactive effects Radiation exposure Radioactive air contaminants 8200 RT Radioactive air contamination Air contaminants Radioactive air contamination 8200 RT Radioactive contamination Air contamination Radioactive air contaminants Radiactive food contamination 0507 SN Do not confuse with Food irradiation, which is a technique to preserve food RT Food contamination Radioactive contamination Radioactive contaminants 2304 BT Physical contaminants RT Radiactive wastes Radioactive effluents Radioactive elements Radioactive contamination Radiation Radioactive isotopes USE Radioisotopes Radiactive soil contaminants 7300 RT Soil contaminants Radioactive contamination Radioactive contamination 2304 BT Physical contamination RT Radioactive contaminants Radiation control Nuclear energy Radiactivity Radioactive food contamination Radioactive air contamination Radioactive water contaminants Radioactive soil contaminants Radiactive tracers 2304 UF Trace elements RT Radiactivity Radiactive water contaminants 8200 RT Water contamination Radioactive contamination Radiation exposure 2304 BT Environmental risk exposure RT Radiological protection Radiation Radiactive descontamination 2304 BT Radiation RT Radiactive contamination Radioactivity USE Radiactivity Radiactive effluents 5400 BT Industrial effluents RT Heavy water Thermonuclear plants Radioactive elements Radiochemistry 2400 SN Used for radiations elements RT Chemistry 117 of chemical Radioisotopes 2304 UF Radioactive isotopes RT Carcinogens Radioactive elements Isotopes Beta rays Alpha particles Radiometry Radiactivity Rain induction USE Mist catchment Rain measurements 3101 2108 RT Hydrologic statistics Rain Snow Rainfall-runoff relationship 3101 5204 RT Runoff coefficient Stormwater runoff Radiological protection 9101 UF Sanitary radiophysics RT Radiation exposure Accidents prevention Ionized radiation Radiactivity Industrial sanitation Rainwater 3000 UF Direct runoff BT Water RT Stormwater runoff Rainwater catchment Rain Radiometry 1404 2304 UF Geiger counters Scintillation counters Solid state counters Neutron counters Gamma counters Radiation counters Radiation measurements Radiation monitors BT Analytical methods RT Radiation control Laboratory equipment Radiation Rainwater catchme nt 4101 BT Water catchment RT Rural water supply Rainwater Mist catchment Rapid filters 4307 5304 BT Filters RT Rapid filtration Declining filters Downflow filters Radium 2400 BT Radiactive elem ents Rapid filtration 4307 5304 BT Filtration RT Pressure filters Upflow filters Rapid filters Declining rate filtration Downflow filtration Radon 8200 BT Radiactive elements Rain 2108 UF Atmospheric precipitation RT Rainwater Stormwater runoff Condensation Hydrometeorology Rain measurements Snow Rapid mix 4304 RT Flocculation Velocity gradient Mixers Raticides USE Rodenticidas Rain USE Rainwater Rats 118 USE Rodents RT Rats 0403 UF Mus musculus Rattus norvegicus Rattus rattus BT Rodents RT Fleas Rodent control Rodenticides Disease vectors Coastal water Swimming pools Beaches Water use Recreational zones Recreational zones 2102 0511 UF Recreation areas Recreation (Zones) RT Recreational water Beaches Tourism Rattus norvegicus USE Rats Recycling (Environmental health) 4300 5300 5512 6800 SN A resource recovery method involving collection and treatment of a waste product for use as a raw material in the manufacture of the same or a similar product ST Water recycling Wastewater use Solid waste use RT Contaminants removal Water treatment Wastewater treatment Industrial effluent treatment Ecolabel Life cicle Rattus rattus USE Rats Raw effluents 5100 BT Wastewater RT Mining tailings Raw water 3000 SN Water without treatment BT Water Reagents USE Indicators and reagents Recirculated water USE Water recirculation Red algae 3109 UF Rhodophyceae BT Algae Reclaimed water USE Water recycling Recovery USE Recycling (Environmental health) Red tide USE Dinoflagellida Redox USE Oxidation-reduction Recreation (Water) USE Recreational water Reference books 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Information sources ST Bibliographies Union catalogs Commercial catalogs Library catalogs Recreation (Zones) USE Recreational zone s Recreational areas USE Recreational zones Recreational water 3000 4612 BT Water 119 RT Dictionaries Directories Yearbooks Encyclopedias Manuals Audiovisual means SN RT To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination Regionalization Regionalization 2102 UF Regional planning BT Planning RT Regional plans Physical planning Reference centers USE Information centers Regulation 2900 BT Environmental legislation RT Codes Protocol Treaty Reference services USE Information services Refitting USE Retrofitting Reforestation 7305 RT Forests Deforestation Soil treatment Rehabilitation 9104 RT Occupational accidents Accidents consequences Medical care Hospitals Wounds and injuries Industrial safety Occupational diseases Refrigeration 2409 ST Solar refrigeration RT Freezing Cooling Ice Reinforced concrete pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines Refugee camps 0800 UF Emergency shelters RT Sanitation in disasters Reinforced concrete tanks 4401 BT Storage tanks Remote sensors 1600 UF Artificial satellites BT Equipment RT Automation Photogrametry Refuse USE Wastewater / Solid wastes Refuse dumps USE Open dumps Regional agreements 1900 2900 RT Environmental legislation Bilateral agreements Global agreements Regional development USE Regionalization Renewable resources 2201 BT Natural resources Reoviridae 2407 BT Viruses Repairing USE Corrective maintenance REPIDISCA 2707 SN Panamerican Information and Documentation Network on Sanitary Regional planning USE Regionalização Regional plans 0000 120 Environmental SN Research 1400 SN To be used when the subject of the document deals with research as an activity. For example: Research trends in environmental engineering in Chile RT Methods Environmental research Project reports UF RT Reusable solid wastes USE Solid waste use Research reports USE Project reports Reused water USE Wastewater use Reservoirs 4107 SN To be used for potable water supply BT Catchment works RT Ponds Water storage Reverse osmosis USE Inverse osmosis Residential wastewater USE Domestic effluents Rhodophyceae USE Red algae Residual chlorine 4308 BT Chlorine Rickettsias 2407 RT Microbiology Residues exchange USE Waste exchange Ringelman chart 8700 UF Ringelman scale RT Air contamination Point sources BT Engineering and Sciences Information systems Deals with the adaptation, repla-cing or modification of systems, facilites or devices in order to save water, energy or any other input Refitting Water conservation Household installations Water conservation devices Corrective maintenance Optimization Reynolds number 3103 RT Head loss Resins 2400 RT Plastics industry Rubber industry Ringelman scale USE Ringelman chart Resolution 2900 BT Environmental legislation RT Decree Law Risk analysis USE Environmental risks/Evaluation Risk areas USE Risk zones Respiratory diseases 9200 0202 UF Respiratory tract diseases ST Pneumoconiosis RT Occupational diseases Risk assessment 0202 BT Environmental risks Risk factor 0202 RT Toxic substances Respiratory tract diseases USE Respiratory diseases Retrofitting 0000 121 Risk zones 0800 UF Risk areas RT Disasters Environmental risks BT RT Plant equipment Moving bed Rotary drilling 4105 BT Well drilling Rotary pumps 4204 BT Pumps River basins 3200 BT Hydrographic basins RT Rivers Rotaviruses 2407 BT Viruses River contamination 3501 UF Fluvial contamination BT Water contamination RT Subfluvial outfalls Rivers Rotifers 3109 RT Aquatic microorganisms Round tables USE Congresses River flow control USE Water discharge regulation Rounded crested weirs 4107 BT Weirs River water catchment 4103 BT Surface water catchment RT Rivers Rubber USE Rubber industry Rivers 3200 BT Surface water ST River water catchment RT Natural water River contamination Water currents River basins Fluvial erosion Rubber industry 9400 UF Rubber BT Industries RT Resins Rubbish USE Solid wastes Rodent control 0403 RT Rats Disease vectors Rubble 6101 UF Demolition RT Solid wastes Rodenticides 0403 UF Raticides BT Pesticides RT Rats Runoff 3101 SN Water flow that pours when it overflows its deposit or impounding UF Runoff flow ST Stormwater runoff RT Water balance Hydrologic cycle Runoff coefficient Water drainage Runoff Seepage Floods Rodents 0403 ST Rats Rotameters 1600 BT Plant equipment Rotary disks 1600 5308 UF Biological disks Biodisks Runoff coefficient 3101 122 RT Combined sewerage Storm sewerage Runoff Rainfall-runoff relationship Rural water supply 4500 BT Water supply RT Rural settlements Mist catchment Rainwater catchment Spring water catchment Community development Public standposts Community participation Wells Rural sanitation Rural zones Runoff flow USE Runoff Rural areas USE Rural zones Rural communities USE Rural settlements Rural development 2102 RT Economic development Rural planning Basic sanitation Rural zones Rural zones 2102 UF Rural areas RT Rural water supply Rural settlements Rural development Rural planning Rural population Rural sanitation Rural planning 2102 BT Planning RT Rural settlements Rural development Rural population Rural sanitation Rural zones Safety measures 9101 RT Civil defense Disasters Occupational risks Rural population 2700 BT Population RT Rural planning Rural zones Safety valves 4406 BT Water valves Saline intrusion USE Marine intrusion Rural sanitation 0600 BT Sanitation RT Rural water supply Rural settlements Latrines Rural planning Rural zones Saline water USE Saline waters Saline waters 3107 UF Saline water Salt water Brackish water Water salinity RT Water physicochemical characteristics Desalting Sodium hydroxyde Silicates Rural settlements 2102 4500 UF Rural communities BT Human settlements RT Rural water supply Rural planning Rural sanitation Rural zones 123 Salmonella 2407 BT Enterobacteriaceae RT Salmonellosis Sandy soils 7103 BT Soils RT Sand Salmonellosis 0202 BT Gastrointestinal diseases RT Salmonella Sanitary aspects USE Sanitation Sanitary code 0900 RT Environmental legislation Salt USE Sodium chloride Sanitary conditions USE Sanitary profiles Salt water USE Saline waters Salting USE Food conservation Sample collec tion USE Sampling Sanitary devices 4406 UF Drinking fountains Bathtubs Bidet Flush toilets Showers Urinals Wash basins RT Plumbing accesories Sanitary installations Samples preservation 3307 4807 RT Water samples Sanitary education USE Health education Sampling 3307 4807 UF Sample collection RT Air analysis Soil analysis Monitoring stations Water analysis Water samples Analytical methods Sanitary engineering 1000 RT Water supply Sewerage Sanitary engineering education Health education Environmental engineering Environmental health Occupational health Sand 4307 RT Sand filters Filtration media Sandy soils Sanitary engineering education 1200 SN Used for university level. It includes plans, study programmes, curricula, levels and specialities RT Environmental education Health education Sanitary engineering Saltpetre soils 7103 UF Soil salinity BT Soil characteristics Sand filters 4307 BT Filters RT Sand Slow filtration Sanitary factors USE Sanitation Sand screens USE Plumbing accesories Sanitary installations 4406 UF Building connections 124 ST RT Sanitary sewerage 5203 UF Separate sewerage Sanitary sewerage systems BT Sewerage Household installations Flexible installations Crossed installations Sanitary devices Plumbing accesories Hydrants Construction Water distribution Illegal installations Sanitary sewerage systems USE Sanitary sewerage Sanitary specifications 3102 RT Construction Sanitation Sanitary institutions USE Sanitary enterprises Sanitary statistics 0103 BT Statistics RT Sanitary surveys Sanitary landfills 6702 SN Method of solid waste disposal on the ground under controlled conditions UF Solid waste burial BT Solid waste disposal RT Methane Solid waste discharge Secure landfills Site selection Percolating liquid Open dumps Codisposal Sanitary surveys 0103 SN Regarding sanitary aspects, such as water uses, water treatment, hygiene habits, wastes disposal, etc UF Sanitary questionnaires RT Sanitary statistics Environmental research Sanitary utilities 0103 UF Sanitary institutions ST Water utilities Sewerage utilities Urban cleaning utilities RT Sanitation Privatization Sanitary management 0103 BT Organization and administration RT Environmental administration Environmental planning Public health Privatization Sanitation 0100 SN Actions needed to control and establish a satisfactory environ-mental balance UF Sanitary aspects Environmental hygiene Environmental sanitation Sanitary factors ST Basic sanitation Aircraft sanitation School sanitation Hospital sanitation Hotel sanitation Housing sanitation Slaughterhouse sanitation Market sanitation Ship sanitation Sanitary planning 0103 BT Planning RT Sanitation policy Privatization Sanitary profiles 0103 UF Sanitary conditions RT Environmental research Basic sanitation Sanitary questionnaires USE Sanitary surveys Sanitary radiophysics USE Radiological protection 125 RT Swimming pool sanitation Beach sanitation Harbor sanitation Sanitation in disasters Industrial sanitation Rural sanitation Urban sanitation Water supply Environmental administration Municipal management Sewerage Primary health care Environmental quality Environmental contamination control Pest control Sanitary utilities Sanitary specifications Sanitation policy Environmental health Public health Scavengers USE Solid waste segregators Schistosoma 2407 RT Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis 0202 BT Helminthiasis School sanitation 0503 UF Schools Educational centers BT Sanitation Schools USE School sanitation Schools (Sanitation) USE School sanitation Scintillation counters USE Radiometry Sanitation in disasters 0800 UF Sanitation in emergencies BT Sanitation RT Landslides Disasters Damage evaluation Mobile plants Refugee camps Civil defense Scrap metals 6101 SN Wastes from old iron mineral BT Metallic wastes Screening USE Straining Screens 5302 4307 BT Plant equipment Sanitation in emergencies USE Sanitation in desasters Screens USE Plumbing accesories Sanitation policy 0103 RT International Water and Sanitation Decade Sanitary planning Sanitation Privatization Screw pumps 4204 BT Pumps Sea USE Marine environment Saturated soils 7103 BT Soils RT Aquifers Sea rights USE Maritime rights Sea water 3000 3106 UF Marine water BT Water RT Sea water catchment Saturnism USE Lead poisoning 126 Sea water contamination Desalting Oceanography Secondary treatment Secondary treatment 5308 RT Aeration Secondary treatment plants Sea water catchment 4104 BT Water catchment RT Sea water Desalting Secondary treatment plants 5308 BT Treatment plants RT Secondary treatment Sea water contamination 3504 UF Oceanic contamination Marine contamination BT Water contamination RT Sea water Marine biology Coastal contamination Oil spills Sludge disposal into sea Dinoflagellida Submarine outfalls Coral reefs Secure landfills 6308 SN Hazardous wastes disposal method designed to prevent soil and groundwater pollution UF Controlled confinement Security storage BT Hazardous waste disposal RT Codisposal Site selection Sanitary landfills Subsurface mines Seabottom 3106 UF Marine abysses Marine geology RT Benthic fauna Benthic flora Marine environment Oceanography Marine sediments Seasonal variations 4612 UF Seasons BT Water consumption variations Security storage USE Secure landfills Sediment dragging USE Sediment transport Sediment transport 3103 UF Sediment dragging RT Fluid mechanics Settleable particles Particle removal Settleable solids Sediments Seasons USE Seasonal variations Sedimentation 4305 SN Process of decantation and settling of suspended matter in water or any other liquid by gravity. To be used for potable water; for wastewater sedimen-tation, use: Primary sedimen-tation, Secondary sedimentation, and Accelerated sedimentation UF Natural sedimentation Decantation Plain sedimentation BT Unit operations Secchi disks 1404 RT Nephelometry and turbidimetry Secondary effluents 5308 BT Treated effluents Secondary sedimentation 5309 RT Sludge stripping Activated sludge Sedimentation Suspended solids Wastewater treatment 127 ST RT Flocculant sedimentation Chemical clarification Chemical precipitation Gravity thickening Settlers Secondary sedimentation Settleable solids Physicochemical treatment Primary sedimentation Acelerated sedimentation Total solids Seminars USE Congresses Separate sewerage USE Sanitary sewerage Septic chambers USE Septic tanks Septic latrines USE Latrines (Environmental health) Sedimentation tanks USE Settlers Septic tanks 5600 SN A sedimentation and digestion unit, generally closed with horizontal and continuos flow; its velocity and retention time must allow the sedimentation of suspended matter on the bottom where they are kept and transformed into mineralized, liquid or gaseous substances by anaerobic decomposition UF Septic chambers BT Excreta disposal RT Percolation Anaerobic digestion Digesters Cesspits Imhoff tanks Sediments 4305 ST Marine sediments RT Settleable particles Settleable solids Sediment transport Seepage 4105 5503 RT Land application Groundwater contamination Solid waste disposal Runoff Infiltration galleries Percolation Soil permeability Porosity Aquifers rec harge Infiltration-percolation ditches Septic trenches USE Septic ditches Segregation plants 6603 RT Solid waste segregators Solid waste segregation Seisms USE Earthquakes (Environmental health) Septic water USE Wastewater Settleable dust USE Settleable particles Settleable matter USE Settleable solids Selective information dissemination 2707 BT Information technology RT Internet Online service Settleable particles 2400 2409 SN Use in relation with air. For particles in water or wastewater, use Settleable solids UF Settleable dust BT Particles RT Settleable solids Selenium 2400 BT Chemical elements Self-financing USE Capital financing 128 Sediment transport Sediments Settleable solids 5301 4305 UF Settleable matter RT Settleable particles Water physical characteristics Sedimentation Sediment transport Sediments ST RT Settlers 4305 UF Sedimentation tanks RT Sedimentation Sevin USE Carbaryl Sewage USE Wastewater Sewage catchment USE Sewerage Sewage collection USE Sewerage Sewerage systems Sewerage networks Sewage Sewage collection Sewage catchment Sewage conduits Sanitary sewerage Combined sewerage Storm sewerage Collector channels Intercepting sewers Sanitary engineering Air injection into sewers Drop manholes Inspection manholes Dimensioning Wastewater disposal Outfalls Sewerage utilities Sewerage hydraulics Wastewater Sanitation Pipelines Pipe laying Sewerage coverage 5700 RT Sewerage service Water supply service Sewage collectors 1600 8700 BT Plant equipment RT Air contamination Particles Sewerage hydraulics 5202 RT Sewerage Dimensioning Hydraulics Pipe laying Sewage collectors USE Collector Channels Intercepting channels Sewerage networks USE Sewerage Sewerage service 5700 RT Sewerage coverage Water supply service Sewage conduits USE Sewerage Collector channels Intercepting channels Sewer manholes USE Inspection manholes Sewerage utilities 5700 BT Sanitary utilities RT Sewerage Shallow wells 4105 UF Superficial wells BT Wells Sewerage 5200 UF Pipe networks Sewerage systems Gut 129 Shared basins 3200 BT Basins RT Frontier water BT RT Sheeps USE Ovines Industries Foundry Iron Siderosis Silica 8208 UF Silicium diox ide BT Pneumoconiogenic particles RT Silicosis Shellfish 3109 RT Aquatic fauna Mollusca Silicates 2400 BT Chemical compounds ST Sodium silicate RT Saline waters Water hardness Zeolites Shigella 2407 BT Enterobacteriaceae Shigellosis USE Bacillary dysentery Ship sanitation 0509 UF Ships BT Sanitation Silicium dioxide USE Silica Ships USE Ship sanitation Silicosis 9200 ST Pneumoconiosis RT Silica Showers USE Sanitary devices Silver 2400 BT Chemical elements Shredders 5302 BT Plant equipment RT Wastewater treatment Grinders Silviculture USE Forests (Environmental health) Simulation 2500 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Biosimulation Simulation models BT Operational research RT Bioassays Sick building syndrome 0202 2605 RT Environmentally related diseases Indoor air contamination Occupational diseases Siderosis 9200 BT Pneumoconiosis RT Iron Siderurgy industry Simulation models USE Simulation Singularities 4107 3102 SN Construction and accesories that provoke a local head loss so that the normal flow is modified UF Backwater BT Hydraulic structures ST Water valves RT Head loss Siderurgy USE Siderurgy industry Siderurgy industry 9400 UF Steel Steel industry Siderurgy 130 Slow filtration 4307 BT Filtration RT Sand filters Downflow filters Slow filters Sludge (Environmental health) 5314 SN Solids accumulated from their separation of liquids such as water or waste water. Sediments on the bottom of any other body of water BT Wastewater ST Activated sludge RT Sludge age Humus Sludge treatment Weirs Hydraulic jump Sinkholes USE Plumbing accesories Siphons USE Plumbing accesories Site selection 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Site selection criteria Localization Location RT Industries Treatment plants Secure landfills Sanitary landfills Sludge age 5314 SN In the process of activated sludge, the time that a suspended solid particle has been under aeration. It is generally determined by dividing the weight of solids suspended in the aeration tank into the dairy addition of new suspended solids from raw wastes RT Sludge Site selection criteria USE Site selection Slaked lime USE Calcium hydroxyde Slaughterhouse sanitation 0510 BT Sanitation RT Meat industry Livestock Sludge combustion 5314 UF Sludge incineration BT Sludge treatment RT Sludge dehydration Wet oxidation Combustion Sleeping sickness USE African trypanosomiasis Sleet USE Melt water Sludge conditioning 5314 SN Treatment of sludge to stabilize it and diminish its water content RT Sludge treatment Sludge final disposal Compost Slides USE Audiovisual means Slime soils 7103 BT Soils Sludge dehydration 5314 SN Process to remove a great percentage of water from sludge by drainage or evaporation UF Sludge drying BT Sludge treatment RT Evaporation ponds Sludge combustion Slow filters 4307 BT Filters RT Downflow filtration Slow filtration 131 Sluice gates 4107 RT Catchment works Press filters Drying beds Sludge digestion 5314 SN Sludge digested under aerobic or anaerobic conditions until the volatile content is reduced to a point that the solids are relatively non-putrescent or inoffensive BT Sludge treatment RT Anaerobic digestion Aerobic digestion Sluice valves USE Gate valves Slums USE Poverty areas Smog USE Sea mist Photochemistry Smoke 8208 RT Combustion Air contaminants Point sources Non-point sources Gases Incinerators Suspended particles Plumes Dust Sludge disposal into sea 5501 3504 BT Sludge final disposal RT Sea water contamination Ocean disposal of hazardous waste Submarine outfalls Sludge drying USE Sludge dehydration Sludge final disposal 5501 BT Wastewater disposal ST Sludge disposal into sea RT Sludge conditioning Ocean disposal of hazardous waste Smoking 9201 RT Air contamination Impacts on health Tobacco industry Smoky food USE Food conservation Sludge incineration USE Sludge combustion Snow 2108 UF Atmospheric precipitation RT Melt water Hydrometeorology Rain measurements Rain Sludge pumps 5501 BT Pumps Sludge stripping 5314 RT Primary sedimentation Secondary sedimentation Sludge treatment Soap industry USE Detergent industry Sludge treatment 5314 ST Sludge dehydration Sludge digestion Sludge combustion RT Sludge conditioning Sludge stripping Sludge Activated sludge Wastewater treatment Social aspects USE Social conditions Social conditions 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Social aspects RT Psychological aspects Socioeconomic factors 132 Cultural aspects Sodium fluoride 2400 BT Fluorides RT Fluoridation Social security 2700 BT Population Social service 2700 BT Population RT Social security Sodium hexametaphosphate USE Phosphates Sodium hydroxyde 2400 UF Caustic soda BT Hydroxydes RT Saline waters Sodium Socioeconomic analysis USE Socioeconomic factors Socioeconomic aspects USE Socioeconomic factors Socioeconomic conditions USE Socioeconomic factors Sodium hypochlorite 2400 BT Chlorine compounds RT Sodium Sodium pyrophosfate USE Phosphates Socioeconomic factors 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination UF Socioeconomic conditions Socioeconomic aspects Socioeconomic situation Socioeconomic analysis Sodium silicate 2400 BT Silicates RT Sodium Soft drink industry 9400 BT Industries RT Mineral water Packing industry Socioeconomic planning 2102 UF Development planning BT Planning RT Economic development Sustainable development Soft drinks 9400 RT Soft drink industry Socioeconomic situation USE Socioeconomic factors Soft drinks (Industry) USE Soft drink industry Sodium 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Water hardness Sodium carbonate Sodium hydroxyde Sodium hypochlorite Sodium silicate Soft equipment 1600 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors BT Equipment ST Compressors RT Machinery Sodium carbonate 2400 BT Carbonates RT Sodium Soft water USE Water softening Soil acidity 7102 UF Acid soils BT Acidity Sodium chloride 2400 UF Salt BT Chlorides 133 Soil alkalinity 7102 UF Alkaline soils BT Soil characteristics Biological contaminants Radioactive soil contaminants Soil contamination 7300 UF Soil contamination control BT Environmental contamination RT Soil biology Soil analysis Soil quality Soil contaminants Contaminant dispersion Parasitic diseases Radiactive wastes Soils Contaminant transport Latrines Soil monitoring Soil analysis 7203 RT Soil contamination Soil quality Soil characteristics Laboratories Sampling Soil chemistry Analytical methods Soil biology 7100 RT Biodegradation Biology Nitrogen cycle Soil contamination Soils Soil characteristics 7102 UF Soil physical characteristics Soil properties Soil chemical characteristics Soil nature ST Soil acidity Soil alkalinity Soil permeability RT Soil analysis Soil quality Soil chemistry Saltpetre soils Soil contamination control USE Soil contamination / Control Soil contamination sources USE Soil contaminants Soil erosion 7301 BT Erosion RT Soil quality Wind erosion Soils Soil mechanics 7100 RT Foundations Land movement Soils Soil monitoring 7300 BT Environmental monitoring RT Soil contamination Non-point sources Monitoring networks Soil chemical characteristics USE Soil characteristics Soil chemistry 7102 RT Soil analysis Soil characteristics Chemistry Soils Soil nature USE Soil characteristics Soil contaminants 7300 UF Soil contamination sources BT Environmental contaminants RT Soil contamination Conservative contaminants Chemical contaminants Physical contaminants Soil permeability 7102 UF Permeable soils BT Soil characteristics RT Porosity Seepage Soil physical characteristics 134 USE Soil characteristics Soil erosion Gravel Land use Soil mechanics Soil treatment Soil properties USE Soil characteristics Soil quality 7200 BT Environmental quality RT Soil analysis Soil characteristics Soil contamination Soil quality criteria Soil erosion Fertilizers Soils Solar cells 2801 RT Solar collectors Soil quality criteria 7200 7900 RT Soil quality Solar collectors 2801 SN A device for collecting solar radiation to heat or generate electricity UF Solar concentration RT Solar distillation Solar cells Solar heating Solar energy Soil recovery USE Soil treatment Solar concentration USE Solar collectors Soil salinity USE Saltpetre soils Solar distillation 4319 2801 RT Solar collectors Distillation Solar energy Soil treatment 7401 UF Soil recovery RT Water drainage Fertilizers Reforestation Soils Solar energy 2801 BT Thermal energy RT Solar pumps Solar heating Heat Solar plants Solar collectors Solar distillation Solar radiation Soils 7000 SN The use of specif descriptors is recommended UF Edaphology Land ST Saturated soils Clayey soils Impervious soils Slime soils Sandy soils Calcareous soils RT Agronomy Environment Wetlands Soil chemistry Soil biology Soil contamination Soil quality Solar heating 2801 BT Central heating RT Solar heaters Solar collectors Solar energy Solar plants 2801 BT Energy plants RT Thermic plants Solar energy Solar pumps 2801 4204 BT Pumps 135 RT Solar energy RT Solar radiation 2304 BT Radiation RT Solar energy Solid state counters USE Radiometry Solid waste burial USE Sanitary landfills Codisposal Groundwater contamination Hazardous waste disposal Urban cleaning Percolation Seepage Solid waste conditioning Solid waste use Solid waste volume Solid waste final disposal USE Solid waste disposal Solid waste characteristics 6100 RT Hazardous waste characteristics Solid wastes Solid waste incinerator plants 6605 RT Incineration Solid waste processing 6600 UF Solid waste treatment RT Compaction Composting Solid waste conditioning Incineration Urban cleaning Solid waste segregation Grinding Solid waste collection 6500 UF Solid waste collection systems RT Solid waste conditioning Dead animals Collection frequency Urban cleaning Collection routes Solid waste recipients Street sweeping and cleaning Solid waste transport Solid waste recipients 6400 6501 UF Litter bins Wastepaper baskets BT Urban cleaning equipment RT Hazardous waste containers Solid waste collection Solid waste storage Solid waste volume Solid waste recovery USE Solid waste use Solid waste collection systems USE Solid waste collection Solid waste conditioning 6400 RT Solid waste disposal Urban cleaning Solid waste processing Solid waste collection Solid waste discharge 6700 BT Solid waste disposal RT Transfer stations Sanitary landfills Solid waste reuse USE Solid waste use Solid waste segregation 6603 SN Systematic separation of solid wastes in specific categories ST Gravimetric segregation Magnetic segregation Manual segregation RT Segregation plants Solid waste processing Solid waste segregators Solid waste disposal 6700 UF Solid waste final disposal ST Open dumps Solid waste discharge In situ disposal Garbage trenches Sanitary landfills 136 Solid waste use Urban cleaning ST Solid waste segregators 6603 SN Person who works in the manual separation of solid reusable wastes on streets or at final disposal places UF Scavengers Garbage collectors RT Open dumps Solid waste segregation Segregation plants RT Refuse Metallic wastes Organic wastes Hazardous wastes Domestic wastes Industrial wastes Rubble Solid waste characteristics Urban cleaning Solid waste use Solid waste volume Solvents 2400 RT Chemical compounds Dissolution Solid waste storage 6400 RT Urban cleaning Solid waste recipients Hazardous waste storage Sound 2307 RT Hearing Sound contamination Noise Solid waste transport 6500 RT Urban cleaning equipment Transfer stations Collection frequency Urban cleaning Solid waste collection Collection routes Sound contamination 2307 UF Noise contamination Acoustic contamination BT Physical contamination RT Hearing Noise control Noise effects Industries Noise measurement Noise Sound Vibration Solid waste treatment USE Solid waste processing Solid waste use 6800 UF Waste recovery Reusable solid wastes Solid waste recovery Solid waste reuse Garbage recycling BT Recycling RT Solid waste disposal Solid wastes Solid waste segregation Sour water USE Acid water Source reduction USE Hazardous waste minimization Solid waste volume 6100 RT Solid waste disposal Solid waste recipients Solid wastes South American trypanosomiasis USE Chagas disease Spare parts 4700 5800 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Equipment Operation and maintenance Solid wastes 6000 SN For liquid wastes, use: Waste-water, or the different kinds of effluents UF Garbage 137 Spectrographs 1404 3307 5301 7203 8107 RT Spectrography Springs 3200 BT Surface water ST Protected springs RT Spring water catchment Wells Spectrography 3307 5301 7203 8107 BT Analytical methods RT Spectrographs Squalls USE Hurricanes (Environmental health) Squatter settlements USE Poverty areas Spectrometry 3307 5301 BT Analytical methods ST Mass spectrometry RT Atomic absorption Stabilization 2400 SN A biological process to stabilize organic matter in wastewater, usually by conversion into soluble products, gases, and celular tissue BT Chemical process RT Stabilization ponds Wastewater treatment Spectrophotometers 1404 3307 5301 7203 8107 BT Laboratory equipment ST Atomic absorption spectrophotometers Flame spectrophotometers RT Spectrophotometry Stabilization lagoons USE Stabilization ponds Spectrophotometry 3307 5301 7203 8107 BT Analytical methods RT Atomic absorption Spectrophotometers Stabilization ponds 5311 UF Stabilization lagoons ST Aerated ponds Maturation ponds Anaerobic ponds Facultative ponds Oxidation lagoons Aerobic ponds RT Ponds in parallel Dissolved oxygen Stabilization Ponds in series Wastewater treatment Biological treatment Spectroscopy USE Spectrum analysis Spectrum analysis 3307 5301 UF Spectroscopy BT Analytical methods Spillways 4107 UF Flood relief channels RT Catchment works Spring protection USE Protected springs Stagnant water 3000 SN Water with slow movement or completely immobile, generally with an oxygen deficit UF Standing water Dead water Swamp water BT Water RT Wetlands Spring water catchment 4103 BT Water catc hment RT Rural water supply Springs 138 Standard of living USE Life quality RT Standard plate counting 3307 4807 BT Analytical methods RT Culture medium Microbiological analysis Accidents caused discharges Power plants Hydroelectric energy Illumination by electrical Steel USE Siderurgy industry Standing water USE Stagnant water Steel industry USE Siderurgy industry Staphylococci USE Staphylococcus Steel pipes 4403 5200 BT Pipelines Staphylococcus 2407 UF Staphylococci BT Bacteria Sterilization 2400 SN The destruction of pollutants by physical means or chemical agents RT Sterilized water Cannery Water disinfection Starch 2400 BT Organic compounds Statistical analysis 2501 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Statistics Sterilized water 3000 SN Water with no living organisms BT Water RT Sterilization Statistical data USE Statistics Storage tanks 4401 ST Underground tanks Elevated tanks Reinforced concrete tanks RT Water storage Statistics 2501 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination, unless the subject is not applied to a specific area. In this case use field 87: Main descriptors UF Statistical data ST Demographic statistics Hydrologic statistics Environmental statistics Sanitary statistics Vital statistics RT Population census Statistical analysis Stored water USE Water storage Storm sewerage 5204 SN Storm water or water from the streets cleaning or drainage. It excludes wastewater and industrial effluents UF Storm sewerage systems BT Sewerage RT Storm-water inlets Flood control Runoff coefficient Stormwater inlets Stormwater runoff Storm sewerage systems Status report USE Evaluation Steam energy 2801 UF Electricity BT Energy 139 USE Storm sewerage Strontium 2400 BT Chemical elements Subfluvial outfalls 5502 RT River contamination Wastewater disposal Storms 0800 BT Meteorological disasters Stormwater inlets 5204 UF Inlets RT Storm-water inlets Storm sewerage Submarine outfalls 5502 RT Sea water contamination Sludge disposal into sea Discharge dilution Submarine pipes T90 Wastewater disposal Stormwater runoff 3101 5204 4105 BT Runoff RT Rainwater Storm sewerage Runoff Rain Rainfall-runoff relationship Submarine pipes 5200 BT Pipelines RT Submarine outfalls Straining 5302 4315 UF Screening BT Unit operations ST Microstraining Filtration RT Pretreatment Submersible pumps 4204 BT Pumps RT Well pumps Streams USE Water currents Substance abuse 2303 RT Toxic substances Toxicity Subsoil water USE Groundwater Street cleaning USE Street swepping and cleaning Substrata 2405 5308 RT Organic matter Organic load Nutrients Biofilm Street sweeping and cleaning 6200 UF Street cleaning ST Manual sweeping Mechanical sweeping RT Urban cleaning equipment Urban cleaning Solid waste collection Sweepers Subsurface excavation 4107 RT Well drilling Subsurface mines 6308 SN Process of disposal through open jointed pipes or drains BT Hazardous waste disposal RT Land application Codisposal Hazardous waste deep well injection Secure landfills Stress USE Psychological stress Strongyloides 2407 BT Nematodes Sugar USE Sugar industry 140 Sugar industry 9400 UF Sugar Sugarcane Sugar industry effluents BT Food processing industry Sulphur compounds 2400 BT Chemical compounds ST Sulphur oxides Hydrogen sulphide acid Sulphides RT Sulfur Sulphur dioxide 2400 UF Sulphur bioxide BT Sulphur oxides Sugar industry effluents USE Industrial wastes Industrial effluents Sugar industry Sulphur gaseous contaminants 8208 2303 BT Gaseous contaminants ST Sulphur oxides Sugarcane USE Sugar industry Sulfur 2400 BT Chemical elements RT Desulphurization Sulphur compounds Sulphur oxides Sulfur bacteria Sulphur oxides 2400 8208 UF Sulphur anhydride BT Sulphur compounds ST Sulphur dioxide RT Sulfur Sulphuric acid 2400 RT Irritating gases Sulphates Sulfur bacteria Sulfur bacteria 2407 BT Bacteria RT Sulfur Sulphates 2400 ST Aluminum sulphate Copper sulphate Ferric sulphate Ferrous sulphate RT Sulphuric acid Sulphite Superficial wells USE Shallow wells Surface active compounds USE Tensoactive agents Surface streams 3103 BT Water currents RT Surface water Sulphides 2400 BT Sulphur compounds RT Hydrogen sulphide acid Surface water 3000 3200 SN It includes oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, streams, ponds, etc BT Water resources ST Rivers Lagoons Springs Lakes Surface water catchment RT Surface streams Hydrography Sulphite 2400 RT Sulphates Sulphur anhydride USE Sulphur oxide Sulphur bioxide USE Sulphur dioxide Surface water catchment 4103 141 BT ST RT Sustainable development 2102 SN Social and economic development strategy that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs UF Sustained economic growth Development and environment Ecodevelopment Sustainable economy Environment and development RT Economic development Ecology Socioeconomic planning Indigenous populations Water catchment River water catchment Lake water catchment Surface water Surfactants USE Tensoactive agents Susceptibility 9201 2303 RT Toxicology Suspended biomass models USE Activated sludge Suspended biomass reactors 5308 UF Biomass reactors BT Biological reactors RT Activated sludge Sustainable development indicator 2102 BT Sustainable development Sustainable economy USE Sustainable development Suspended dust USE Suspended particles Sustained development USE Sustainable development Suspended matter USE Suspended solids Sustained economic growth USE Sustainable development Suspended particles 2400 2409 SN Use in relation with air. For particles in water or wastewater, use Suspended solids UF Suspended dust BT Particles RT Aerosols Suspended solids Smoke Swamp water USE Stagnant water Swamps USE Wetlands Sweepers 6501 BT Urban cleaning equipment RT Street sweeping and cleaning Suspended solids 5301 4305 SN Solids from water, wastewater, or other liquids that may be eliminated by filtration UF Non-filterable total residue Suspended matter RT Microstraining Suspended particles Secondary sedimentation Total solids Primary sedimentation Water physical characteristics Swimming pool sanitation 0511 BT Sanitation RT Swimming pools Chlorination Swimming pool water USE Swimming pools Swimming pools 3709 0511 UF Swimming pool water RT Water disinfection 142 Recreational water Swimming pool sanitation UF BT Swine 2803 UF Pigs RT Meat industry Trichinosis Cisterns Water transport Urban cleaning equipment Tanneries (Industrial effluents) USE Leather industry Tapes USE Audiovisual means Symposiums USE Congresses Taps USE Plumbing accesories System analysis 2500 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Computer systems System design Operational research Mathematical models Tar 2400 BT Chemical compounds Tariffs (Sanitary services) 4609 5700 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Charges Prices RT Commercialization Billing Costs and cost analysis Water consumption Taxes System approach USE Systemic administration System design 2500 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT System analysis Computer programs Taxes 0000 UF Levy Systemic administration 2706 UF System approach BT Organization and administration RT Institutional development Planning Technical aspects 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Technology T90 5502 UF Bacterial die-off Bacteria fading Bacteria die-off RT Submarine outfalls Technical assistance USE Technical cooperation Technical cooperation 2103 UF Technical assistance RT International cooperation Taeniasis 0202 BT Helminthiasis Technical specifications 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination RT Technical standards Tank trucks 6501 SN Used for hydraulic sweeping of streets; it sweeps with a pump hose. There are also tank trucks used for water distribution or to transport other liquids Technical standards 0000 143 SN RT To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination Technical specifications RT Technological change USE Technology transfer Technological development 1300 UF Technological innovations RT Technology Technology transfer Heat Climate Freezing Thermal contamination Climate effects Meteorological factors Tempest USE Storms Tensoactive agents 2400 SN Substances that affect or modify the surface tension of water and other liquids UF Surface active compounds Tensoactive compounds Surfactants Active substances to blue methylene BT Chemical compounds RT Detergents Technological exchange USE Technology transfer Technological innovations USE Technological development Technology 1300 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors ST Intermediate technology Appropriate technology RT Design Patents Technical aspects Technological development Technology transfer Tensoactive compounds USE Tensoactive agents Territorial waters USE Frontier water Tertiary effluents 5312 BT Treated effluents Technology transfer 2801 1300 UF Technological change Technological exchange RT Technology Technological development Tertiary treatment USE Advanced treatment Tertiary treatment plants USE Advanced treatment plants Telemetry 1600 RT Environmental monitoring Tests USE Bioassays Temperate climate 8208 BT Climate RT Temperate zones Textile industry 9400 BT Industries Temperate zones 2108 BT Climatic zones RT Temperate climate Thawing USE Melt water Therapy USE Rehabilitation Temperature 3108 2409 UF Thermal gradient Thermal contamination 2305 144 BT RT Physical contamination Heat Energy plants Thermal water contamination Physical contaminants Thermic contamination control Thermal contamination effects Thermal energy Cooling ponds Temperature Thermic contamination control 2305 RT Thermal contamination Thermal contamination effects Climate effects Cooling Cooling ponds Cooling towers Thermic contamination sources USE Physical contaminants Thermal contamination effects 2305 RT Thermal contamination Thermic contamination control Climate effects Environmental impact Thermic plants 2801 BT Energy plants RT Solar plants Thermal energy Thermal energy 2801 BT Energy ST Solar energy RT Thermic plants Thermoelectric plants Thermal contamination Thermal radiation Thermoelectric plants 2801 BT Energy plants RT Thermal energy Thermonuclear plants 2801 BT Radiactivity RT Radioactive effluents Nuclear energy Thermal gradient USE Temperature Thermal inversion 2108 BT Climate effects Thermophilic anaerobic digestion 2405 BT Anaerobic digestion Thesaurus 2707 RT Documentation Thermal radiation 2304 BT Radiation RT Thermal energy Ticks 2407 BT Insects Thermal stratification 2305 RT Lakes and impoundings contamination Limnology Tidal lands 3200 RT Estuary contamination Wetlands Mangrove swamps Thermal treatment 6605 RT Anaerobic digestion Incineration Tidal waves 0800 BT Hydrologic disasters RT Volcanic eruptions Tsunamis Thermal water 3000 3107 SN Spring water with higher temperature than its surrounding environment BT Shared basins RT International water Water rights Tilapia 3109 5512 BT Fishes Tin 2400 145 BT Chemical elements Toxaphene 0403 BT Organochlorine insecticides Titration USE Titrimetry Toxic chemicals USE Toxic substances Titrimetry 1404 UF Titration RT Dosimetry Toxic compounds USE Toxic substances Tobacco industry 9400 BT Industries Toxic contaminants USE Toxic substances TOC USE Total organic carbon Toxic effects USE Toxicity Tolerance 9201 2303 RT Toxicology Toxic elements USE Toxic substances Topography 7100 RT Geographical features Cartography Erosion Toxic materials USE Toxic substances Tornados USE Hurricanes (Environmental health) Toxic metals 2303 3402 UF Metallic contaminants Heavy metals BT Inorganic contaminants RT Zinc Industrial effluents Cadmium Mercury Lead Metallic wastes Toxic substances Toxic products USE Toxic substances Total chlorine 4308 BT Chlorine Total organic carbon 3107 UF TOC RT Water chemical characteristics Dissolved organic carbon Total residue USE Total solids Total solids 4305 SN Dissolved matter present in water and wastewater UF Non-filterable total residue Total residue RT Filtration Suspended solids Water physical characteristics Dissolved solids Volatile solids Sedimentation Toxic substances 9201 2303 SN Substances able to cause dele-terious effects to any living organism UF Toxic compounds Toxic contaminants Toxic elements Toxic materials Toxic products Toxic chemicals Toxicants RT Chemical contaminants Tourism 2102 RT Recreational zones 146 Lethal dose 50 Toxic metals Hazardous waste minimization Hazardous wastes Harmful substances Hazardous substances Toxicity Toxicology Transfer plants USE Transfer stations Toxic wastes USE Hazardous wastes Transfer stations 6504 SN A place where the solid waste is accumulated before it is conveyed to disposal places or treatment stations UF Transfer plants RT Solid waste transport Solid waste discharge Collection routes Toxicants USE Toxic substances Transferring USE Interbasin transfer Toxicity 9201 2303 UF Toxic effects RT Bioaccumulation Daphnia Lethal dose 50 Toxic substances Toxicology Transfrontier contamination 2306 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination BT Environmental contamination RT Frontier water Contaminant transport Transitions 4107 RT Catchment works Toxicology 9201 2303 RT Food poisoning Medicine Toxic substances Toxicity Translation services USE Information services Transparencies films USE Audiovisual means Toxoplasmosis 0202 BT Parasitic disease RT Congenital toxoplasmosis Transport services USE Transports Transports 0509 UF Transport services RT Transport accidents Airports Treated effluents 5300 BT Wastewater ST Primary effluents Secondary effluents Tertiary effluents RT Manure Wastewater characteristics Wastewater treatment Industrial effluent treatment Trace elements USE Radioactive tracers Traffic accidents 9100 BT Occupational accidents RT Transports Training 1200 2706 SN Systematic development of the aptitudes, knowledge, and skills a person needs to properly accom-plish a task or function UF Learning RT Human resources 147 Treaty 2900 BT Environmnetal legislation RT Convention Protocol Chlorination Tritium 2400 RT Hydrogen Treatment plants 4324 5315 UF Water treatment plants Wastewater treatment plants Hazardous waste treatment plants ST Compact plants Modular plants Mobile plants Pilot plants Advanced treatment plants Primary treatment plants Secondary treatment plants RT Potable water Wastewater Pumping stations Hazardous waste minimization Site selection Water treatment Wastewater treatment Trophic levels 2104 RT Food chain Tropical climate 8208 BT Climate RT Tropical zones Tropical ecosystem 2104 UF Tropics BT Ecosystem RT Amazone ecosystem Tropical zones Tropical zones 2108 UF Tropics Equatorial zones BT Climatic zones RT Tropical climate Tropical ecosystem Amazone ecosystem Trenching machines 1600 BT Heavy equipment RT Land movement Tropics USE Tropical ecosystem Tropical zones Trichina USE Trichinella Trypanosoma 2407 BT Flagellates RT African trypanosomiasis Trichinella 2407 UF Trichina BT Nematodes RT Trichinosis Tsunamis 0800 UF Giant waves BT Hydrologic disasters RT Tidal waves Trichinosis 0202 BT Helminthiasis RT Swine Trichinella Tube sedimentation USE Acelerated sedimentation Trichuris 2407 BT Nematodes Tube wells USE Deep wells Trihalomethanes 4308 BT Chlorine compounds RT Bromination Carcinogens Tuberculose 0202 BT Communicable disease Tungsten 2400 148 BT USE Unaccounted-for water consumption Unaccounted-for water consumption 4610 UF Unaccounted-for water BT Water consumption RT Leakage Illegal installations Chemical elements Turbidimeters USE Nephelometry and turbidimetry Turbidimetry USE Nephelometry and turbidimetry Turbulences 3103 8000 RT Turbulent flow Unequity 2700 RT Equity Poverty Turbulent flow 3103 UF Turbulent regime Turbulent movement BT Water flow RT Turbulences Underground storage USE Underground tanks Underground streams USE Groundwater flow Turbulent movement USE Turbulent flow Underground tanks 4401 UF Underground storage BT Storage tanks Turbulent regime USE Turbulent flow Uniform flow 3103 SN Runoff with constant velocity BT Water flow Typhoid USE Typhoid fever Typhoid fever 0202 UF Typhoid BT Gastrointestinal diseases Union catalogs 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination BT Reference books Typhoons USE Hurricanes (Environmental health) UASB USE Upflow bioreactors anaerobic Unit operations 4300 SN Each step or phase of the water treatment process where one or more mechanical, physical, che-mical and/or biological phenomena are produced to achieve a specific purpose UF Unit process ST Aeration Desalting Water softening Water disinfection Adsorption Decarbonation Flocculation Filtration Flotation sludge Ultraviolet rays 2304 4308 BT Radiation RT Water disinfectants Umbrella effect USE Climate effects Unaccounted-for water 149 RT Distillation Inverse osmosis Chemical precipitation Degasification Sedimentation Gas transfer Ion exchange Condensation Straining Water treatment Census Greenhouses Hydroponics Sustainable agriculture Sustainable development Urban agriculture networks Urban agriculture networks 7702 RT Urban agriculture Urban cleaning 6200 RT Solid waste conditioning Municipal management Solid waste storage Street sweeping and cleaning Solid waste disposal Urban cleaning utilities Solid waste processing Solid waste collection Solid wastes Urban sanitation Solid waste segregation Solid waste transport Unleaded petrol 2801 BT Gasoline NT Filling station Petroleum Unit process USE Unit operations Unux process activated sludge USE Pure oxygen activated sludge Upflow anaerobic sludge bioreactors 5314 UF UASB UASB BT Biological reactors RT Anaerobic digestion Fluidized bed Wastewater treatment Anaerobic treatment Urban cleaning coverage 6200 RT Urban cleaning service Urban cleaning equipment 6501 BT Equipment ST Sweepers Tank trucks Garbage wheel barrows Solid waste recipients Compactor collection trucks Open trucks Collection trucks RT Street sweeping and cleaning Solid waste transport Upflow filters 4307 BT Filters RT Upflow filtration Rapid filtration Upflow filtration 4307 BT Filtration RT Upflow filters Urban cleaning service 6200 RT Urban cleaning coverage Uranium 2400 Urban areas USE Urban zones Urban cleaning utilities 6200 BT Sanitary utilities RT Urban cleaning Urban agriculture 7702 BT Agriculture RT Agriculture zones Urban development USE Urbanization 150 Vanadium 2400 BT Chemical elements Urban planning USE Urbanization Vaporizers USE Heaters Urban population 2700 BT Population RT Urban settlements Urbanization Urban zones Vapours USE Gases Urban sanitation 0500 BT Sanitation RT Urban settlements Urban cleaning Variable rate filters USE Variable velocity filters Variable velocity filters 4307 5304 UF Variable rate filters BT Filters Urban settlements 0500 2102 BT Human settlements RT Cities Urban population Urban sanitation Urbanization Urban zones Varnish USE Painting industry Vector biological control 0403 UF Vector control RT Pest control Larviphage fishes Urban zones 2102 UF Urban areas RT Urban settlements Cities Urban population Urban sanitation Urbanization Metropolitan zones Vector control USE Vector biological control Vegetables USE Greens Vegetation USE Flora Urbanization 2102 UF Urban development Urban planning RT Urban settlements Economic development Physical planning Urban population Urban sanitation Urban zones Zonification Velocity gradient 4303 4304 RT Filtration Flocculation Rapid mix Velocity measurement 3102 UF Water velocity BT Hydraulic measurements Ventilation 9211 RT Air conditioning Deodorization Urinals USE Sanitary devices User orientation services USE Information services Vermin breeding USE Worm breeding 151 Virosis 0202 UF Viral diseases ST Yellow fever Poliomyelites Rabies RT Virological analysis Water virological characteristics Virology Vertical filters 4307 5304 BT Filters Viability studies USE Factibility studies Vibration 2307 UF Vibratory waves RT Noise effects Sound contam ination Virtual library 2707 BT Libraries RT Information services Information centers Internet Vibratory waves USE Vibration Viruses 2407 ST Enteroviruses Reoviridae Rotaviruses RT Parasites Protozoa Virology Vibrio cholerae 2407 RT Cholera Vibrionaceae Vibrionaceae 2407 BT Bacteria RT Vibrio cholerae Visibility USE Air contamination Videos USE Audiovisual means Vital statistics 2700 BT Statistics RT Demography Morbidity Mortality Vinyl polichloride USE Polyvinyl chloride Viral diseases USE Virosis Vocabularies USE Dictionaries Virological analysis 3307 4807 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors BT Microbiological analysis RT Virosis Virology Volatile contaminants USE Volatile wastes Volatile solids 4305 5301 RT Total solids Virology 2407 RT Virological analysis Bacteriology Water virological characteristics Microbiology Parasitology Virosis Viruses Volatile wastes 8208 2303 UF Volatile contaminants RT Gaseous contaminants Volcanic eruptions 0800 UF Volcanic explosions BT Geological disasters RT Tidal waves 152 Volcanoes Wastepaper baskets USE Solid waste recipients Volcanic explosions USE Volcanic eruptions Wastewater 5100 SN Water containing solid and liquid residues that has been used for domestic or municipal purposes. For industrial wastewaters use: Industrial effluents UF Refuse Septic water Sewage Effluents BT Water ST Raw effluents Industrial effluents Treated effluents Combined effluents Sludge Domestic effluents RT Wastewater disposal Wastewater treatment Sewerage Water contamination Wastewater characteristics Wastewater use Treatment plants Volcanoes 2403 BT Geographical features RT Volcanic eruptions Volume reduction USE Compaction Vulnerability analysis 0800 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors RT Disasters Seisms Warm currents 3103 3106 UF El Niño current El Niño El Niño phenomenon Niño, El BT Marine currents Wart USE Bartonellosis Wash basins USE Sanitary devices Wastewater characteristics 5100 RT Wastewater Industrial effluents Treated effluents Waste bags USE Waste exchange Waste exchange 6307 SN Bartering, selling or buying of wastes for recycling UF Residues exchange Waste bags RT Hazardous waste use Wastewater discharge USE Wastewater disposal Wastewater disposal 5500 SN The action of disposing wastewater by any method UF Wastewater discharge ST Land application Wastewater subsurface injection Sludge final disposal Industrial effluents disposal RT Wastewater Sewerage Groundwater contamination Hazardous waste disposal Waste management 2303 BT Environmental administraton Waste of water USE Leakage Waste recovery USE Solid waste use 153 Subfluvial outfalls Submarine outfalls Wastewater Land application Water recycling Wastewater pumps 5207 BT Pumps Water 3000 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended ST Continental water Acid water Corrosive water Coastal water Raw water Melt water Cooling water Rainwater Sea water Deionized water Distilled water Natural water Stagnant water Sterilized water Grey water Industrial water Mineral water Heavy water Potable water Pure water Thermal water International water Frontier water Wastewater Groundwater Surface water Recreational water RT Environment Water self-purification Water quality Water contamination Water chemistry Water quantity Water use Hydrology Wastewater recycling USE Wastewater use Wastewater reuse USE Wastewater use Wastewater subsurface injection 5503 BT Wastewater disposal RT Land application Hazardous waste deep well injection Wastewater treatment 5300 ST Industrial effluent treatment RT Wastewater Chemical clarification Water quality Water contamination Absorption Dialysis Deodorization Stabilization Treated effluents Biological filters Filtration Flotation Activated sludge Cooling ponds Stabilization ponds Evaporation ponds Oxigenation Treatment plants Wastewater treatment plants USE Treatment plants / Wastewater treatment Wastewater use 5512 UF Reused water Wastewater reuse Water recovery Wastewater recycling BT Recycling RT Water conservation Water acidity 3107 BT Water chemical characteristics RT Mining acid water Water alkalinity Acid rain Neutralization 154 BT RT Water alkalinity 3107 UF Alkaline water BT Water chemical characteristics RT Water acidity Water analysis 3307 4807 SN Includes wastewater RT Physicochemical analysis Biological analysis Physical analysis Bioassays Water characteristics Water quality Water contamination Analytical quality control Chemical oxygen demand Biochemical oxygen demand Chemical analysis Laboratories Water samples Sampling Dissolved oxygen Jar test Water chemistry Analytical methods Water characteristics Biological analysis Water microbiological characteristics Biochemical oxygen demand Waterborne diseases Water biology USE Aquatic biology Water catchment 4100 UF Catchement areas Catchment zones ST Spring water catchment Surface water catchment Rainwater catchment Groundwater catchment Sea water catchment Mist catchment RT Water storage Water supply Catchment works Water characteristics 3000 UF Water properties Water nature Water parameters ST Water biological characteristics Water chemical characteristics Water physicochemical characteristics Water physical characteristics RT Water contamination Water quality Water analysis Water bacteriological characteristics 3109 RT Bacteriological analysis Bacteriology Water microbiological characteristics Water balance 3201 SN Balance of water input or output within a defined hydrological region (basin, lake, etc.) considering variations of accumulation UF Water resources administration Water resources management RT Water resources development Evapotranspiration Evaporation Water resources planning Hydrologic cycle Runoff Water policy Water chemical characteristics 3107 UF Water chemical properties BT Water characteristics ST Water alkalinity Water acidity RT Dissolved organic carbon Water hardness Chemical oxygen demand Nutrients Dissolved oxygen Total organic carbon Water chemistry Water biological characteristics 3109 Water chemical properties 155 USE Water chemical characteristics Water chemistry 3107 UF Aquatic chemistry RT Water analysis Water Water physicochemical characteristics Water chemical characteristics Chemistry RT Unaccounted-for water cons umption Domestic water consumption Water quantity Water supply Water conservation devices Water consumption measurement Water use Water consumption variations Water consumption measurement 4612 UF Domestic flow measurement RT Water consumption Water color 3107 BT Water organoleptic characteristics RT Algae Water turbidity Water consumption variations 4612 ST Daily variations Seasonal variations Hour variations Annual variations RT Water consumption Water conditioning USE Water treatment Water conservation 4400 SN Measures taken to economize water volume used for any purpose or to protect it against pollution UF Water saving Low water consumption ST Evaporation control Water rationing RT Water storage Wastewater use Water scarcity Leakage Water conservation devices Retrofitting Water contaminants 3402 UF Water contamination sources BT Environmental contaminants RT Water contamination Conservative contaminants Chemical water contaminants Physical contaminants Biological contaminants Radioactive water contaminants Water contamination 3500 SN The use of specific descriptors is recommended UF Contaminated water Water pollution Water contamination control Water contamination effects BT Environmental contamination ST Sea water contamination River contamination Lakes and impoundings contamination Estuary contamination Groundwater contamination RT Water characteristics Water Wastewater Water quality Water contaminants Water conservation devices 4612 RT Plumbing accesories Sanitary devices Water c onsumption Automatic control Leakage Water conservation Retrofitting Water consumption (Environmental health) 4612 UF Water waste ST Commercial water consumption Industrial water consumption Public water consumption 156 Chemical water contamination Chemical oxygen demand Biochemical oxygen demand Contaminant dispersion Waterborne diseases Water analysis Contaminant transport Wastewater treatment Water treatment Mix zones Effects Thermal water contamination Water quality control Water monitoring Water quality standards Water decontamination USE Water treatment Water demand 4612 SN Volume of water needed for different uses UF Water needs RT Water storage Water distribution Water scarcity Water supply Water discharge 4400 3103 RT Water quantity Water distribution Water discharge regulation Water discharge measurement Water contamination control USE Water contamination / Control Water discharge measurement 4400 3102 UF High volume measurement Flow gauging Flow gauging BT Hydraulic measurements RT Water discharge Water discharge meters Domestic flow meters Flow profiles Water discharge regulation Water contamination effects USE Water contamination Water contamination sources USE Water contaminants Water conveyance USE Water distribution Water courses USE Water currents Water discharge meters 3103 4612 UF Water flow meters Flow meters Domestic meters Parshall meters RT Domestic water consumption Water discharge measurement Water currents 3103 UF Brooks Water courses Streams ST Open currents Surface streams Closed currents Marine currents Groundwater flow RT Water flow Hydrodynamics Head loss Rivers Water discharge regulation 4400 3103 UF River flow control RT Water discharge Impounding discharge Water distribution Flow augmentation Flood control Water discharge measurement Water discharge regulators USE Water valves Water cycle USE Hydrologic cycle Water disinfectants 4308 157 RT Bromine Chlorine Chlorine compounds Water disinfection Ozone Ultraviolet rays Iodine Water drainage 4107 3103 UF Draining RT Runoff Land excavation Well drilling Soil treatment Water disinfection 4308 SN The destruction of pathogenic bacteria, usually with a chemical antiseptic or disinfectant BT Unit operations ST Chlorination Bromination Fluoridation Ozonation Iodine disinfection RT Sterilization Water disinfectants Swimming pools Water flavour 3107 3108 BT Water organoleptic characteristics RT Algae Chlorination Phenol Water flow 3103 UF Flow calculation Hydraulic flows ST Laminar flow Runoff Critic flow Non-uniform flow Turbulent flow Gravity flow Uniform flow Gradually varied flow RT Water currents Hydrodynamics Flow profiles Water distribution 4400 SN Comprehends the transmission of water from treatment plants to municipal connections UF Water conveyance Water transport RT Water supply Water discharge Water demand Leakage Sanitary installations Water distribution networks Water discharge regulation Pressure systems Water flow meters USE Water discharge meters Water hammer 3103 3102 RT Hydraulic ram Pumps Hydrodynamics Water hammer arrester valves Water distribution networks 4402 SN Group of hydraulic structures (reservoirs, pumping stations, pipes, etc.) needed to assure the distribution of water for different uses UF Aqueducts ST Pressure waterpipe networks Open water networks Closed water networks Dual water supply networks RT Water distribution Pipe laying Water hammer absorbers USE Water hammer arrester valves Water hammer arrester USE Water hammer arrester valves Water hammer arrester valves 4406 UF Water hammer absorbers Water hammer arrester BT Water valves RT Energy diffusion 158 3109 RT Water bacteriological characteristics Water biological characteristics Water virological characteristics Aquatic microorganisms Water hammer Hydraulic ram Water hardness 3107 4310 SN Indicates the presence of calcium and magnesium bicarbonates, chlorines and sulfates, avoiding soap foam UF Hard water Incrustant water RT Water softening Water chemical characteristics Magnesium calcium carbonate Demineralization Electrodialysis Ion exchange Inverse osmosis Silicates Sodium Water microbiology 3109 RT Aquatic biology Water microbiological characteristics Aquatic fauna Microbiology Aquatic microorganisms Water monitoring 3300 4800 BT Environmental monitoring RT Water quality control Water samples Monitoring networks Water contamination Water hyacinths 3109 UF Eichornia crassipes Water lilies BT Macrophyton Water nature USE Water characteristics Water needs USE Water demand Water law USE Water rights Water odour 3107 BT Water organoleptic characteristics RT Algae Chlorination Deodorization Phenol Water leak control USE Leakage / Control Water level USE Water level measurement Water level measurement 3102 SN To be used in combination with other descriptors UF Water level BT Hydraulic measurements RT Water level recorders Water organoleptic characteristics 3108 3107 SN Characteristics that could be perceived by the senses, such as odor, taste and color BT Water physical characteristics ST Water color Water odour Water flavour Water level recorders 1600 BT Plant equipment RT Hydrologic statistics Water level measurement Water parameters USE Water characteristics Water lilies USE Water hyacinths Water physical characteristics 3108 BT Water characteristics ST Water organoleptic characteristics Water microbiological characteristics 159 RT Electric conductivity Water viscosity Water turbidity Water pressure Dissolved solids Suspended solids Settleable solids Total solids Water characteristics Water contamination Water quality control Water quality criteria Water quality models Mathematical models Water quality standards Wastewater treatment Water treatment Water physicochemical characteristics 3107 3108 UF Water physicochemical properties BT Water characteristics ST Zeta potential RT Physicochemical analysis Saline waters Water chemistry Water quality control 3300 4800 RT Water quality Quality control Water monitoring Water contamination Water quality criteria 3900 4900 RT Water quality Water quality models Water quality s tandards Water use Water physicochemical properties USE Water physicochemical characteristics Water policy 3201 RT Water balance Water resources development Water resources planning Water resources Water quality models 3300 RT Water quality Water quality criteria Water quality standards Water quality standards 3900 4900 BT Environmental quality standards RT Water quality Water quality criteria Water rights Water quality models Water contamination Water pollution USE Water contamination Water power plants USE Hydroelectric plants Water pressure 3103 ST Hydrostatic pressure RT Water physical characteristics Water properties USE Water characteristics Water quantity 4612 UF Water volume RT Water discharge Water consumption Water Water purification USE Water self-purification Water rationing 4400 BT Water conservation Water quality 3300 4800 BT Environmental quality RT Water supply Water analysis Water Water recirculation 3803 SN Process in which water is in constant movement within a specific system UF Recirculated water RT Water recycling 160 Water resources development 3201 RT Water balance Water resources planning Water policy Water reclamation USE Water recycling Water recovery USE Wastewater use Water resources management USE Water balance Water recycling 3803 SN To keep water into a repeated cycle in order to reuse or extent its use, generally in industries. It involves a treatment which can be physical (cooling) or chemical (removal of certain elements). For water natural cycle, use: Hydrological cycle UF Water reclamation Water renovation Reclaimed water BT Recycling RT Hydrologic c ycle Water recirculation Wastewater use Water resources planning 3201 BT Planning RT Water balance Flood control Water resources development Environmental planning Water policy Water resources Interbasin transfer Water rights 3900 UF Water law RT Frontier water Continental water Maritime rights Environmental legislation Water quality standards Water renovation USE Water recycling Water resources 3200 SN Volume of surface or ground water available for any use in a specific region UF Bodies of water Limnological resources Water resources Affluents Hydrological resources Hydraulic resources Water sources BT Natural resources ST Surface water Groundwater RT Water supply Water policy Marine resources Water resources planning Basins Water salinity USE Saline waters Water samples 3307 4807 RT Water analysis Bioassays Particle counting Water monitoring Sampling Samples preservation Water saving USE Water conservation Water scarcity 4612 RT Water supply Water conservation Water demand Water self-purification 3101 UF Assimilative capacity Water purification RT Aeration Water resources administration USE Water balance 161 Hydrologic cycle Biodegradation Water Water treatment Water distribution Water supply coverage 4600 TR Water supply service Sewerage service Water softening 4309 UF Soft water BT Unit operations RT Magnesium calcium carbonate Demineralization Water hardness Dialysis Electrodialysis Ion exchange Desalting Inverse osmosis Water supply systems USE Water supply Water supply service 4600 TR Sewerage service Water supply coverage Water technology USE Water treatment Water towers 4401 SN A tower with a storage tank to supply a community where storage at ground level would not provide enough pressure BT Elevated tanks Water sources USE Water resources Water storage 4400 UF Stored water RT Water supply Water conservation Water catchment Water demand Ponds Water transport USE Tank trucks / Water distribution Water treatment 4300 SN Applied to the process of producing potable water UF Water conditioning Water decontamination Water technology RT Water supply Absorption Alkalinization Chemical clarification Water quality Water contamination Dialysis Water self-purification Oxigenation Unit operations Treatment plants Recycling Contaminants removal Acidification Wastewater treatment Physicochemical treatment Water supply 4000 SN Functional group of structures, facilities, piping, equipment and accesories aimed to produce and distribute water in proper quantity, quality, regularity and reliability UF Aqueducts Water supply systems ST Rural water supply RT Water catchment Water storage Water consumption Water utilities Water scarcity Potable water Water resources Sanitation Water quality Water treatment Sanitary engineering Water demand 162 RT Water treatment plants USE Treatment plants Water treatment Water turbidity 3108 SN Characterized by excess of suspended sediments, avoiding light passing BT Water physical characteristics RT Water color Nephelometry and turbidimetry Water microbiological characteristics Virosis Virology Water viscosity 3108 SN Cohesive force among water particles, offering resistance to its relative gliding movement BT Water physical characteristics Water volume USE Water quantity Water units USE Public standposts Water waste USE Water consumption (Environmental health) Water use 3709 RT Aquaculture Water Industrial water Recreational water Water consumption Water quality criteria Waterborne diseases 0202 SN A disease transmitted by organisms or toxic substances carried by water ST Cholera Dracunculosis Gastrointestinal diseases Malaria RT Water biological characteristics Coliforms Water contamination Parasitic diseases Communicable diseases Aquatic microorganisms Onchocerciasis Disease vectors Water utilities 4600 BT Sanitary utilities RT Water supply Potable water Water valves 4406 UF Flow-reducing valves Water discharge regulators BT Equipment ST Water hammer arrester valves Gate valves Double check valves Globe valves Orifice valves Foot valves Blowoff valves Check valves Safety valves Butterfly valves Watering USE Irrigation (Agriculture) Weed control 0403 UF Weeds RT Pest control Herbicides Weeds USE Weed control Water velocity USE Velocity measurement Weirs 4107 SN A relatively low barrier built tranversely for impounding, regulating, deriving, or measuring the runoff Water virological characteristics 3109 163 ST RT Rounded crested weirs Hydraulic structures Singularities Winds Wind erosion 7301 BT Erosion RT Soil erosion Well drilling 4105 UF Drilled wells ST Percussion drilling Rotary drilling RT Subsurface excavation Land excavation Compressors Water drainage Wells Windmills 2801 4105 RT Wind energy Wells Winds Winds 2108 BT Meteorological factors RT Wind energy Wind erosion Energy sources Hurricanes Windmills Well pumps 4204 BT Pumps RT Submersible pumps Wells 4105 BT Groundwater catchment ST Deep wells Shallow wells Dug wells Artesian wells RT Windmills Rural water supply Springs Hydrogeology Aquifers Groundwater Well drilling Women 2700 RT Community development Health education Child Community participation Women’s health 0202 BT Health RT Maternal and child health Women Wood (Industry) USE Lumber industry Wet oxidation 5314 2400 BT Oxidation RT Sludge combustion Work environment 9000 RT Ergonomics Occupational risks Wetlands 7103 UF Swamps Bogs RT Stagnant water Tidal lands Mosquitões Soils Mangrove swamps Working conditions 9000 RT Ergonomics Labour law Labour market Occupational health Occupational risks Occupational safety Work environment Wind energy 2801 UF Eolian resources BT Non conventional energy RT Windmills Working women 9000 BT Labour 164 RT Occupational health Women Work environment Zeolites 2400 RT Silicates Workmen's compensation 9104 RT Occupational accidents Accidents consequences Occupational diseases Wounds and injuries Industrial safety Zeta potential 4313 3103 UF Electrokinetic power BT Water physicochemical characteristics RT Colloids Electrochemistry Flocculation Worm breeding 6604 UF Worms Vermin breeding RT Composting Zinc 2400 UF Zinc BT Chemical elements RT Toxic metals Worms USE Worm breeding Zonification 2102 RT Physical planning Urbanization Wounds and injuries 9104 UF Damages Injuries Disabilities BT Accidents consequences RT Workmen's compensation Rehabilitation Occupational risks Zoonosis 0202 SN An infection or infectious disease transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrate animals to man BT Communicable diseases ST Brucellosis X rays 2304 BT Ionized radiation Zooplankton 3109 BT Plankton RT Aquatic fauna Yard taps USE Public standposts Yearbooks 0000 SN To be used as a descriptor for postcoordination BT Reference books RT Directories Yellow fever 0202 BT Virosis RT Aedes Yersinia 2407 BT Enterobacteriaceae Young people USE Adolescence 165 166
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