Nitrogen management for high
yielding spring wheat
2016 Intensive Small Plot Trials
2016 Trial Locations
Treatments
N Rate (lbs. N/ac)
Source
Timing/Placement
Variety
In
Spring
Spring
In Season
Spring
In Season
Season
0
50
Urea (Gold),
80
Agrotain
110
treated urea
140
(Silver)
170
Brandon
200
(CWRS)
ESN:Urea
and
80
(40:40)
Midrow band at
Prosper
seeding (Gold),
ESN:Urea
(CNHR)
140
Broadcast after
(100:40)
seeding (Silver)
Stem
80
30
elongation,
Agrotain
80
60
broadcast
treated
80
30
urea
Flag leaf,
Urea,
broadcast
80
60
Agrotain
80
30
80
30
treated urea
UAN
Urea Sol'n
Post anthesis,
foliar
Study #1: Rate Response
Variety
N Applied (lbs/ac)
Source / Placement
0
50
Brandon (CWRS)
and
Prosper (CNHR)
80
110
140
170
200 (Gold Only)
Gold: Urea, midrow
banded at seeding
Silver: Agrotain
treated urea,
broadcast shortly
after seeding
Study #2: Rate/Source/Timing
Variety
N Applied
(lbs/ac)
Spring
In
Season
80
Spring
Timing / Placement
In Season
Spring
In Season
Urea (Gold),
Agrotain Treated
Urea (Silver)
110
140
Brandon
(CWRS)
and
Prosper
(CNHR)
Source
80
40:40
ESN:Urea
140
100:40
ESN:Urea
Midrow
banded
(Gold),
Broadcast
(Silver)
80
30
80
60
80
30
80
60
80
30
UAN
80
30
Urea Sol’n
Urea (Gold),
Agrotain treated
urea (Silver)
Agrotain
treated urea
Stem Elongation,
broadcast
Flag leaf,
broadcast
Post-Anthesis,
foliar
Grain Yield (Rate Study)
Grain Protein (Rate Study)
Brunkild
Melita
Carberry
Carman
Brunkild
Melita
Carberry
N Rate
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.5382
N Rate
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001
0.0.0765
Variety
<0.0001
0.0002
<0.0001
<0.0001
Variety
<0.0001
0.0002
<0.0001
0.0005
N Rate * Variety
0.0760
0.0684
0.5088
0.8864
N Rate * Variety
0.5869
0.8061
0.0754
0.5693
Yield
Protein
Carman
N Treatment
N Treatment
No significant interaction between variety and
nitrogen for grain yield or protein …
ie. varietal differences were consistent across N
rates and vice versa
Variety Effect: Yield, 2016
120
*
Yield (bu/ac)
100
80
*
*
*
60
40
20
0
Prosper yielded 7.6 – 16.3 bu/ac over Brandon
Brandon
Prosper
Variety Effect: Protein, 2016
18
*
*
Protein (%)
16
*
*
14
Brandon
Prosper
12
10
Carman
Brunkild
Carberry
Melita
Brandon protein 0.92 – 2.24 % over Prosper
Nitrogen Rate Response
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
17
a
ab
a
16
abc
bcd
d
d
c
A
AB
A
ABC
15
14
BC
CD
13
D
Protein (%)
Yield (bu/ac)
Nitrogen Rate Response, Carman 2016
12
11
10
0
46 lbs N/ac
Residual Soil-N
50
80
110
140
Lbs N/ac
170
200
Yield (bu/ac)
Protein (%)
Nitrogen Rate Response, Brunkild 2016
a
ab
bc
100
14
c
Yield (bu/ac)
cd
13
80
A
d
60
40
15
AB
d
A
A
12
BC
C
11
D
10
20
9
0
8
0
40 lbs N/ac
Residual Soil-N
Protein (%)
120
50
80
110
140
Lbs N/ac
170
200
Yield (bu/ac)
Protein (%)
Nitrogen Rate Response, Carberry 2016
15
Yield (bu/ac)
100
14
80
13
60
40
12
20
11
0
10
0
89 lbs N/ac
Residual Soil-N
50
80
110
Lbs N/ac
140
Protein (%)
120
16
NS
170
Yield (bu/ac)
Protein (%)
Nitrogen Rate Response, Melita 2016
a
80
b
b
AB
AB
A
15
B
60
C
50
17
16
b
70
Yield (bu/ac)
a
a
14
D
40
13
30
Protein (%)
90
12
20
10
11
0
10
0
43 lbs N/ac
Residual Soil-N
50
80
110
Lbs N/ac
140
170
Yield (bu/ac)
Protein (%)
Rate Response Summary
Site
Variety
Carman
Brandon
Prosper
Brunkild
Brandon
Prosper
Carberry
Brandon
Prosper
Melita
Brandon
Prosper
Total N for
max yield
156
150
89
153
Bu/ac
Lbs. N/bu
50
3.1
64
2.5
63
2.4
71
2.1
93
1.1
104
0.9
58
2.6
70
2.2
Nitrogen Application Timing
N Application Timing, Carman 2016, Yield
Yield (bu/ac)
80
60
AB
B
40
20
0
T1 = Stem Elongation
T2 = Flag Leaf
A
A
A
A
A
N Application Timing, Carman 2016, Protein
Protein (%)
18
16
B
14
12
10
T1 = Stem Elongation
T2 = Flag Leaf
AB
AB
AB
AB
A
A
N Application Timing, Brunkild 2016, Yield
100
A
Yield (bu/ac)
80
B
60
40
20
0
T1 = Stem Elongation
T2 = Flag Leaf
AB
A
AB
A
AB
N Application Timing, Brunkild 2016, Protein
18
Protein (%)
A
16
14
12
10
T1 = Stem Elongation
T2 = Flag Leaf
B
C
D
C
B
CD
N Application Timing, Melita 2016, Yield
100
Yield (bu/ac)
80
60
40
20
0
T1 = Stem Elongation
T2 = Flag Leaf
B
AB
AB
AB
AB
A
A
N Application Timing, Melita 2016, Protein
Protein (%)
18
16
14
12
10
T1 = Stem Elongation
T2 = Flag Leaf
B
AB
AB
AB
A
A
A
N Application Timing, Carberry 2016
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
T1 = Stem Elongation
T2 = Flag Leaf
Protein
Yield
18
Protein (%)
Yield (bu/ac)
No Significant Effect of Nitrogen Treatments
16
14
12
10
Nitrogen Timing Summary

Yield and protein content for all split N applications were similar to
those for equivalent rates of N applied at seeding at Carman, Carberry,
and Melita

At Brunkild, protein content was increased by splitting N applications
between seeding and flag leaf (both rates) and stem elongation (high
rate only); yields were similar for all equivalent rates of N
Post-Anthesis Nitrogen
Post-Anthesis Nitrogen, 2016
Yield
120
A
Yield (bu/ac)
100
NS
NS
B
80
60
40
20
0
A
AB
A
B
80
110
80 + 30 PA UAN
80 + 30 PA Urea
Leaf Burn: UAN vs Urea Solution
UAN
Urea
Carman
UAN
Urea
Brunkild
Post-Anthesis Nitrogen, 2016
Protein
20
Protein (%)
18
A
A
AB
A
16
A
14
AB
NS
80
110
80 + 30 PA UAN
80 + 30 PA Urea
B
BC
C
B
B
12
10
Brunkild
Carman
Melita
Carberry
Post-Anthesis N Summary

significantly lowered yield at two sites compared to equivalent rates of N at
planting.

significantly increased grain protein content at three sites, compared to
equivalent rates of N at planting

urea solution numerically increased protein content over UAN when applied
post anthesis at Brunkild but yields for the two sources were similar. Grain
yield and protein content were similar for both sources at Carman.
ESN Blends
ESN Blends, 2016, Yield
Brunkild
Carman
Yield (bu/ac)
100
80
100
A
C
AB
BC
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
0
80
40:40 ESN
140
40:100
ESN
B
80
AB
A
140
40:100 ESN
AB
40:40 ESN
ESN Blends, 2016, Protein
Brunkild
Carman
18
18
Protein (%)
AB
16
14
B
B
AB
A
16
12
10
10
40:40 ESN
B
80
40:40 ESN
14
12
80
B
A
140
40:100
ESN
140
40:100
ESN
ESN Blends Summary
 grain yields and protein content for ESN blends were similar to
those for equivalent rates of conventional urea when applied at
planting
Data Still to Come…
•
•
•
•
•
Soil Nitrogen Mineralization Tests
Growing season changes in deep soil nitrate-N
In Season N Measurements: GreenSeeker, SPAD, Flag Leaf N, Soil Samples
Biomass Nitrogen: Nitrogen Uptake, Nitrogen Use Efficiency
Complete Economic Analysis
Acknowledgments
• Manitoba Wheat and Barley Growers
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•
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Association
John Heard and colleagues in Manitoba
Agriculture
Crop Diversification Centres (WADO,
CMCDC, PESAI)
U of M Ian Morrison Research Station at
Carman
David Laudin and Adam Gurr
Antara Agronomy
Koch Fertilizer
AGVISE Laboratories
Angie, Magda, Trevor, Thomas, Saad,
Rockford