Body Organization
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Cells – make
Tissues – make
Organs – make
Systems – make
Organisms – make
Cells Tissues Organs
Systems Organism
Types of Tissue
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Muscle
Connective
Nervous
Epithelial
Muscle Tissue
Microscope view of Muscle tissue
Connective Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Muscular System Facts
•  Over 600 muscles in the body
•  If all of the muscles worked together you
could lift over 25 tons
•  Protein builds muscle
•  Only pull, not push
Types of muscles:
•  Cardiac - involuntary muscle of the heart
wall.
•  Smooth - involuntary muscle of the
stomach, intestine, and blood vessels.
•  Skeletal - voluntary, striated muscles
attached to bones.
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
•  O r i g i n - p o i n t o f
attachment on
the stationary
bone.
•  I n s e r t i o n - p o i n t
of attachment on
the moving bone.
•  F l e x i o n - b r i n g s a b o d y p a r t
forward.
•  E x t e n s i o n - M o v e s a b o d y p a r t
to the rear.
•  A b d u c t i o n - M o v e s a n
appendage laterally from
the midline.
•  A d d u c t i o n - M o v e s a n
appendage toward the
midline.
•  C i r c u m d u c t i o n - M o v e s a n
appendage in a circle
around a joint.
•  P r o n a t i o n - R o t a t i n g t h e p a l m
of the hand downward.
•  S u p i n a t i o n - R o t a t i n g t h e
palm of the hand upward.
•  I n v e r s i o n - T u r n i n g t h e t o e s
of the foot inward.
•  E v e r s i o n - T u r n i n g t h e t o e s
of the foot outward.
Muscles from the Front
Deltoid
- abducts the arm
Outside
shoulder
Biceps brachii
- flexes forearm
- supinates forearm
from neutral
Triceps brachii
- extends forearm
Sartorius
- flexes hip
and knee
Top of leg
near groin
Rectus femoris
- extends knee
1 muscle of
the Quadricep
Gluteus maximus
- extensor of hip
- rotates thigh
Biceps femoris
- flexes knee
- Below the Glutes
Gastrocnemius
- flexes ankle
- stabilizes ankle
and knee when
standing
Calf Muscle
Pectoralis major
- adducts humerus
Chest
Rectus Abdominus
- produces trunk
motions
- Abs
Trapezius
- elevates and rotates
scapula
- Top and middle of
back
Latissimus dorsi
- rotates humerus
- Side of body
Quick Review
Characteristics of Skeleton
•  Gives shape and structure to the
body
•  Allows body parts to move
•  Made of 206 bones
•  Makes Red Blood Cells (RBC’s)
5 Types of joints
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Hinge
Ball and Socket
Pivot
Gliding/Sliding
Fixed
Hinge Joint – Knee/Elbow
Sliding/Gliding Joint – Fingers/
Toes
Pivot Joint – neck, wrist, ankle
Fixed Joint - Skull
Connective Tissue
•  Tendon – Connects Muscle to
Bone
•  Ligament – Connects Bone to
Bone
•  Cartilage – Stops bones from
rubbing together
Marrow
Periosteum
Spongy Bone
Haversian Canal
Compact Bone
What is the difference between a male a
female?
Female
Male
T h e
V e r t e b r a e
CERVICAL - first 7
1st , a t l a s - 2nd , a x i s
THORACIC
LUMBAR SACRUM COCCYX -
- m i d d l e 12
lower 5
5 fused at hips
3 fused - tail
bone
Total bones = 32
H u m e r u s
T h e e n d s
o f t h i s b o n e
m a t u r e a t
d i f f e r e n t
t i m e s .