8066DV
DRUGGED DRIVING:
The Road to Disaster
DVD Version
ISBN-13: 978-1-55548-668-6
ISBN: 1-55548-668-1
DRUGGED DRIVING:
THE ROAD TO DISASTER
CREDITS
Executive Producer
Anson W. Schloat
Producer
David Toth
Teacher’s Resource Book
Bonnie Denmark
Elizabeth Hoover
Joshua Kenney
Matthew Wollin
Copyright 2009
Human Relations Media, Inc.
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
DRUGGED DRIVING:
THE ROAD TO DISASTER
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DVD Menu
Introduction
Learning Objectives
Program Summary
i
1
2
3
Student Activities
1.
Pre/Post Test
7
2.
Drugged Driving and the Law
9
3.
Class Debate
11
4.
Excuses, Excuses
12
5.
Well, That’s Okay…
13
6.
Role Plays
14
7.
Contract for Life
15
8.
Spread the Word
18
9.
Research Project
19
10. Fill in the Blanks
21
11.
23
An Ounce of Prevention
Fact Sheets
1.
What is Drugged Driving?
24
2.
Sobering Statistics
25
3.
Effects of Drug Use
26
4.
Don’t Become a Statistic
27
5.
A Crash in Slow Motion
28
6.
Resources
29
7.
Bibliography
30
Other Products from Human Relations Media
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
DRUGGED DRIVING:
THE ROAD TO DISASTER
DVD MENU
MAIN MENU
PLAY
CHAPTER SELECTION
From here you can access many different paths of the DVD, beginning
with the introduction and ending with the credits.
1.
Introduction
2.
Joelle’s Story
3.
Effects of Marijuana
4.
The Chris Bliss Case
5.
Prescription Drugs
6.
Joelle’s Death
7.
Over-the-Counter Drugs
8.
Getting Caught
9.
A Mother’s Grief
10.
Conclusion
TEACHER’S RESOURCE GUIDE
A file of the accompanying Teacher’s Resource Guide is available on the
DVD. To open the file you need to load the DVD onto a computer that
has a DVD-ROM and Adobe Acrobat Reader. Right click on the DVD
icon and then double click on the file titled “Teacher’s Resource Book.”
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
DRUGGED DRIVING:
THE ROAD TO DISASTER
INTRODUCTION
While many people are aware of how dangerous and destructive drunk driving can be, fewer
realize that alcohol is not the only substance that can impair judgment and reaction time.
Many illicit and over-the-counter drugs have effects that can make it unsafe to operate a
vehicle. Often, seemingly harmless medications can act negatively on systems in the brain
connected with driving ability. In fact, many prescription drugs come with warnings against
the operation of machinery (National Institute on Drug Abuse).
Even less well known are the frightening consequences of drugged driving each year. Drugs
other than alcohol are involved in about 18 percent of motor vehicle driver deaths.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), illegal drugs
are used by approximately 10 to 22 percent of drivers involved in all motor vehicle crashes—
often in combination with alcohol. In 2006, roughly 7.3 percent of drivers under 16 drove
while under the influence of drugs or alcohol. (www.drugabuse.gov/Infofacts/driving.html)
Teens in particular are often unaware about the dangers posed by non-alcoholic drugged
driving. While 30 percent of teenagers say they won’t drink when they know they’ll be
driving, only 18 percent say they won’t use drugs in a similar situation (SADD). In 2005,
the drugged driving rate was highest among young adults aged 18 to 25 (13.4 percent),
with more than one in three drivers reporting driving under the influence of alcohol or
illicit drugs during the previous year. And driving while under the influence creates a
danger that isn’t limited to the driver; during the 30-day period of the study, five percent
of high school students nationwide had ridden one or more times in a vehicle driven by
someone who had been drinking alcohol (CDC).
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, vehicle crashes are the
leading cause of death of teens aged 15 to 20 (www.nida.nih.gov/Infofacts/driving.html).
The prevalence of driving under the influence of illicit drugs other than alcohol cannot be
disputed, with the National Institute on Drug Abuse’s 2006 Monitoring the Future survey
indicating that more than 13 percent of high school seniors drove under the influence of
marijuana in the two weeks prior to the survey. Despite this, misconceptions about driving
under the influence of drugs remain prevalent, despite the links having been found between
THC (the active chemical in marijuana) levels and impairment of behavioral and cognitive
skills related to driving (NIDA).
Drugged Driving: The Road to Disaster drives home the dangerous consequences of
driving not only while under the influence of alcohol but other drugs as well. Students
will learn not only the frightening facts of driving while under the influence but what to
do in situations that could potentially lead to drugged driving. They will learn both how
to recognize the signs of someone who is unfit to drive, and how to make smart choices
before getting into a car.
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DRUGGED DRIVING:
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After watching the video Drugged Driving: The Road to Disaster and participating in the
class activities included in this Teacher’s Resource Book, your students will be able to:
understand the dangers of driving while under
the influence of any drugs—from marijuana and
other illicit drugs to over-the-counter and
prescription medicines
make better decisions about marijuana and other
illicit drugs, particularly with regard to driving
understand the legal consequences of driving
while under the influence
identify ways to reduce the risk of being involved
in a drugged driving crash
take action to raise awareness about drugged
driving in their community
understand the dangers of being in a car with a
drugged driver
understand the effects of marijuana and other drugs
on the body and on a person’s driving ability
act confidently and correctly in situations that
could potentially lead to drugged driving
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DRUGGED DRIVING:
THE ROAD TO DISASTER
PROGRAM SUMMARY
As the program begins, a voice says, “It’s been driven into their heads since grade school that
alcohol and drugs don’t mix. Yet we consistently see a callous disregard when it comes to
drug use.” Viewers hear a litany of the ways in which drug use impacts a person’s capacity to
drive safely: drugs limit one’s ability to make good decisions, slow reflexes and reduce crucial
body functions. “It’s a recipe for disaster,” says one expert, while another reminds us that the
consequences of drugged driving are not limited to impaired driver behind the wheel. One
young woman is overcome with emotion while speaking about her friend, who was a victim in
a drugged driving crash. The program segues into an ominous title screen: Drugged Driving:
The Road to Disaster.
Michael Abernethy, an emergency medicine flight technician, tells us that not a day goes by
when he doesn’t see the effects of alcohol and drug abuse. “Driving under the influence of
drugs is no different than driving under the influence of alcohol,” he says. Corporal Anthony
Moschetto appears on-screen to explain that drugs like marijuana are gateway drugs which
lower self-defense mechanisms and inhibit the work of the frontal lobe of the brain.
Lisa Savard tells us about her daughter Joelle. “In kindergarten she decided she wanted to be
an artist. She ended up being quite talented.” Joelle’s friend Kailee furthers the portrait of
Joelle as a kind, happy and fun person. Lisa tells us how there were a few red flags leading
up to the crash—in particular, she recalls that she didn’t feel comfortable with Joelle being a
passenger in the car when her friend Chris drove. But Kailee tells us that Chris was “just like
any other person… fun to be around.” The night of the crash, Joelle was planning to go to
Lake George. “The last words we spoke were ‘Goodbye, Mommy,’ and I said, ‘Goodbye Jo,
I’ll see you later.’”
That night, the three friends—Joelle, Chris and Kailee—stopped at a bowling alley on their
way to Lake George. While they were there, Kailee drank alcohol while Joelle and Chris
smoked pot. “Just a little bit,” Kailee says, “not anything that would make me think I
shouldn’t get in the vehicle with them.” Chris was driving, Kailee sat in the middle and
Joelle on the passenger side.
“Driving is taken for granted by a lot of people,” explains Dr. Thomas Price, Chief of
Medical Staff at Mount Vernon Hospital. “But it’s actually a very complicated process.” He
describes how driving involves perception of the environment, mental processing and then
response—all of which are adversely affected by drugs. Corporal Moschetto returns to
explain the complexity of the task of driving. “You have this very complex task, and you’re
a novice at it, you’re still learning, and then you throw in a degree of alcohol or drugs, and
it’s a recipe for disaster.” A title screen reveals a startling truth: teens are just as likely to
drive under the influence of marijuana as alcohol.
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DRUGGED DRIVING:
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PROGRAM SUMMARY CONTINUED
James R. Davis, assistant district attorney for Saratoga County in New York, describes the
difficulties of dealing with marijuana use. “Marijuana is the big hurdle for us still. People
look at it as a recreational drug and not that dangerous. It does affect the brain. It affects
your response to various stimuli.” Michael Abernathy clarifies, “It alters your perception
of time and space, which obviously if you’re driving a vehicle could be a problem.”
Corporal Moschetto explains how marijuana can affect a driver’s perception of distance.
Normally, our two eyes lend us binocular vision, using the distance between each eye to
locate a distant point in space. “Marijuana actually causes an inability to cross your eyes.
For the most part, any time somebody has a lack of convergence, they are perceiving an
object to be further away than it actually is.” Dr. Price returns to elaborate on how it can
alter one’s perception of their capabilities. As the experts talk, one conclusion becomes
clear: marijuana creates an inflated sense of capability while in reality acting negatively on
one’s driving abilities.
The program segues into a startling recreation of the Joelle’s crash: two cars, both filled
with teens, racing at very high speeds along a dark and windy road. Photos from the actual
crash scene show their wild course at over 80 miles per hour. James Davis describes it as
“a series of the worst decisions a person could make on any given night.” Despite knowing
the driver’s shady background, despite having covertly consumed alcohol at the bowling
alley, and despite knowing that the driver had also smoked marijuana, they all got in the car
together. And unbeknownst to the girls, the driver had challenged another group of teens to
a race on a local street known as Angel Road.
Michelle, a friend of Joelle’s, recalls hearing the news the next morning: “It was Kailee,
Joelle and some other kid. And one of them had died.” Lisa, Joelle’s mom, recalls her
horrible experience. “I woke up to pounding on my bedroom door, I didn’t know what it
was. I opened the door and my eldest son and one of Joelle’s friends were crying. And he
came in and he said ‘Joelle’s dead,’ and I said, ‘No, no, she’s in her room,’ and I ran down
the hall and she wasn’t there.” The chief of police then came to the house, saying only, “It’s
true.” “I was in intensive care for a week and a half,” says Kailee, “But as soon as I came to
I was asking where my friends were. She was like my sister. I just wish I could have my
friend back.”
A series of photos reveals the astonishing damage that result from the car impacting the trees
at over 90 mph on what was supposed to be a 30 mph turn. James Davis reiterates all of the
adverse effects on body functioning that drugs can have. “He (the driver) had said in the
statement that he gave to the police soon after the crash that he had made the turn before at
that speed, so he thought he could make it this night. And the difference was he smoked
marijuana this time.”
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DRUGGED DRIVING:
THE ROAD TO DISASTER
PROGRAM SUMMARY CONTINUED
Dr. Thomas Price segues into the dangers of abusing prescription drugs. “All of these drugs
can have side effects, and some of these side effects can certainly be ones that damage your
health, or damage your perception or capacity to drive.” On-camera speakers explain that
due to ease of access to prescription drugs, prescription drug abuse has skyrocketed. “We
call them drug cocktails, when they’re mixing an antidepressant with a sleeping pill.” Teens
are consuming these drugs with other drugs, not knowing what the side effects or results of
interaction could be. “Drugs are not additive,” says Dr. Price, “The effect may be a multiple
of that. You take one drug, you take another drug, and the effect on your central nervous
system might be ten times, it might be fifteen times the effect.”
Michael Abernathy clarifies that any use of a prescription drug that was not prescribed for
you is abuse. “Probably the most common drug we see abused among high school-aged
students is Ritalin.” Corporal Moschetto explains that because Ritalin is a stimulant and your
body functions speed up, you might think that you can drive better when you are actually
impaired. Reactions become overly exaggerated and perception of time and space are sped
up, both of which result in a more dangerous driver behind the wheel.
Moschetto then moves on to the next category of drugs: depressants. A title screen reveals
that depressants can actually put the user into a semi-conscious state, making safe driving
impossible. Michael Abernathy tells us that the two most commonly abused prescription
depressants that he sees are Vicodin and Oxycontin. Oxycontin is normally used to treat
severe, long term pain. He remarks that there are “quite a few deaths associated with
Oxycontin abuse.” Another commonly abused drug is a benzodiazepine called Valium,
normally used to treat anxiety. Corporal Moschetto describes what a depressant abuser
would look like. “Basically, what someone who abuses depressants looks like and acts like
is a drunk.” Depressants slow down mental processing, impair physical ability and lengthen
a driver’s reaction time. “Probably the most dangerous thing about depressants is the
synergistic effect with alcohol,” says Michael Abernathy, meaning that depressants and
alcohol magnify each other’s effects when taken in simultaneously.
“If I had a choice between working the crash scene, pulling the deceased out of the car or
picking up the body parts,” says Corporal Moschetto, “I would take that any day over going
to tell a parent that her child’s not coming home.” Lisa tells us how she was terrified to go to
the hospital because she was afraid of what her daughter would look like after the crash. She
asked the police chief to go with her to the hospital. “He opened up the door, and I saw the
ring. This was mine, hers—she borrowed my jewelry, teenage daughters do that—and I saw
it on her hand. And I collapsed on the floor.”
The program then moves on to discuss the dangers of over-the-counter medications.
“There’s a misconception that over-the-counter drugs are not dangerous,” says James Davis.
Dr. Price adds, “Just because something’s available and doesn’t require a prescription
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PROGRAM SUMMARY CONTINUED
doesn’t make it safe. It’s still a drug.” Michael Abernathy explains how certain medications
include substances that can cause intoxication. In particular, Dextromethorphan, a cough
suppressant, can result in hallucination or significant impairment at very high doses. “You
may lose control abruptly with no warning,” says Dr. Price. Michael Abernathy explains the
dangers of herbal medications, which in high doses have the potential to impair a driver’s
physical abilities.
“The reason we are so hard on people who use drugs and drive,” explains James Davis, “is
because the consequences are so high. It’s not a victimless crime.” Corporal Moschetto goes
on to explain that a drug recognition expert is an officer who has completed training to be
able to identify signs of drug use—even when a person doesn’t know they are giving signs.
“You can say whatever you want to me, but most of your body functions you can’t control.”
James Davis reveals that DUIs are the most commonly committed misdemeanor, and
ultimately the most commonly committed felony in the country. Corporal Moschetto walks
us through what happens after a person gets arrested. “The schools get notified, the parents
get notified. They’re in for a really hard ride.” The DMV suspends the license, often until
21 years of age, insurance rates go through the roof, and there are expensive legal fees for
attorneys. A person also runs the risk of being charged with drug possession, which could be
a felony-level crime despite the original arrest only being a misdemeanor. “If you kill or
seriously injure somebody, then it’s likely you’re going to state prison. It’s just all around a
lose-lose situation.”
Lisa, Joelle’s mother, returns. “I don’t think there is a just sentence,” she says. “No matter
what he serves, his life’s destroyed. It’s not bringing my daughter back. I don’t even know
how to define ‘just’ in this case.” James Davis contributes, “There is no greater grief than
the grief of a parent who has lost a child too soon. You never get over it.” Lisa tells how she
borrowed her friend’s pickup truck to go back to Angel Road at two in the morning. “I tried
to figure out, ‘How did she feel? How did she feel being in the car at 90 miles an hour?’ She
had to have some fear and anxiety. That had to be part of it.” Kailee says, “It’s like it
happened yesterday. I have not gotten over it, and I don’t think I ever will. She’s not here
and there’s nothing I can do to bring her back… I almost can’t make new friends. No one
measures up to her.”
“When you get behind the wheel under the influence of alcohol or drugs, you’re not just
affecting you,” says Corporal Moschetto, “you’re affecting everyone around you.” Dr. Price
tells us, “You cannot mix any of these drugs and driving. There is no safe amount you can
get.” Corporal Moschetto concludes, “There’s always a chance you’re going to get caught.
But there’s a bigger chance you’re going to get hurt. Don’t take that chance.” Lisa says,
“You’re not invincible. You’re just like everybody else. You might think you’re not, but
you are.” The video leaves viewers with the haunting image of a memorial marker for Joelle
where the car hit a tree on Angel Road.
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STUDENT
ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1A
Name: _____________________________________
PRE/POST TEST
Pre/Post Test
Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
1. TRUE or FALSE: The consequences of impaired driving are
usually limited to the person behind the wheel.
2. TRUE or FALSE: Teens are just as likely to drive under the
influence of marijuana as alcohol.
3. TRUE or FALSE: Marijuana causes a visual lack of
convergence, thus making objects seem further away than
they are.
4. TRUE or FALSE: Herbal medicines are safe to consume,
even in large doses.
5. TRUE or FALSE: Oxycontin is a stimulant.
6. TRUE or FALSE: Depressants slow down a driver’s
reaction time.
7. TRUE or FALSE: A ‘synergistic effect’ means that when a
drug is used in conjunction with alcohol, the effect is multiplied.
8. TRUE or FALSE: Any use of a prescription drug that was not
prescribed for you is considered drug abuse.
9. TRUE or FALSE: Over-the-counter drugs are typically not
dangerous in relation to their impact on a driver’s reaction time.
10. TRUE or FALSE: DUI are the most commonly committed
felony in the United States.
The Answer Key to this activity appears on the next page.
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 1B
Name: _____________________________________
PRE/POST TEST
Answer Key
1. TRUE or FALSE: The consequences of impaired driving are
usually limited to the person behind the wheel.
FALSE
2. TRUE or FALSE: Teens are just as likely to drive under the
influence of marijuana as alcohol.
TRUE
3. TRUE or FALSE: Marijuana causes a visual lack of
convergence, thus making objects seem further away than
they are.
TRUE
4. TRUE or FALSE: Herbal medicines are safe to consume,
even in large doses.
FALSE
5. TRUE or FALSE: Oxycontin is a stimulant.
FALSE
6. TRUE or FALSE: Depressants slow down a driver’s
reaction time.
TRUE
7. TRUE or FALSE: A ‘synergistic effect’ means that when a
drug is used in conjunction with alcohol, the effect is multiplied.
TRUE
8. TRUE or FALSE: Any use of a prescription drug that was not
prescribed for you is considered drug abuse.
TRUE
9. TRUE or FALSE: Over-the-counter drugs are typically not
dangerous in relation to their impact on a driver’s reaction time.
FALSE
10. TRUE or FALSE: DUI are the most commonly committed
felony in the United States.
TRUE
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 2A
Name: _____________________________________
DRUGGED DRIVING AND THE LAW
Part One: The decision to get behind the wheel while under the influence is ultimately
not just a personal decision for the driver, but a social choice that affects many other people.
The seriousness of the consequences of drugged driving is clear: all 50 states have specific
laws detailing the legal consequences of driving while under the influence.
The legal penalties vary from state to state, depending on the offense and the level of
intoxication of the driver. Many states have also taken preventative measures to keep
repeat offenders from causing future crashes—such as requiring offenders’ cars to be
equipped with an ignition interlock system which disables the ignition if its breath
analyzer detects that the driver has been drinking.
Here’s your chance to write your own law. First, begin by writing a short essay
addressing the questions below.
What do you think the penalty for drugged driving
should be?
Should the punishment change depending on the
number of prior convictions for drugged driving?
What should the penalty be when a drugged driver
kills or injures another person?
Is the death penalty ever an appropriate punishment
for a vehicular homicide conviction?
Is punishment effective in preventing an offender
from driving while impaired again?
Will the punishment be effective in preventing others
from drugged driving?
When your essay is complete, compose your own law about how to deal with drugged and
impaired driving. When you have finished, compare your law with those written by other
students in your class.
This activity is continued on the next page.
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 2B
Name: _____________________________________
DRUGGED DRIVING AND THE LAW
Part Two: Now it’s time to see how your laws compare to the actual laws. Use the
library and reliable internet sources to research your state’s laws regarding drugged driving.
Then answer the questions below.
1.
How similar are your laws to those of your state?
2.
Whose are more lenient? Whose are stricter?
3.
Which laws do you think make more sense? Why?
4.
After comparing the laws, do you think that any of your state’s laws should be
changed? Which ones and why?
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
Name: _____________________________________
ACTIVITY 3
CLASS DEBATE
Divide the class into two equal groups. Using one of the debate questions below, one
group must argue yes, and the other group must argue no. Each side must support its
position with researched facts and valid, respectful arguments.
1.
Do you think that drivers who have taken drugs but not alcohol
should be treated differently from drunk drivers? Why or why
not? What if a driver has consumed both drugs and alcohol?
2.
So-called “Three Strike” and “Zero Tolerance” laws are often
controversial. Opponents claim that they are unnecessarily harsh
and do not take into account extenuating circumstances (a person
who is only “a little” intoxicated, for example), while supporters
say the laws are appropriately powerful measures intended to
thwart and punish those who repeatedly engage in extremely
dangerous behavior. Which side is correct?
3.
You know that your friend is intoxicated yet you accept a ride from
him or her, and you get into a car crash. Suppose you are the
person injured. Should you have the right to sue the driver?
Suppose the crash involved another vehicle. Should the driver of
the other vehicle have a right to sue you as an accessory?
4.
Should the age of a person who has driven under the influence
affect his or her sentencing? Why or why not?
5.
At least 41 states have adopted the Administrative License
Revocation Law, enabling the state to immediately revoke the
license of a driver suspected of intoxication who fails or refuses a
breathalyzer test. Should this law be considered a violation of a
citizen’s rights?
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 4
Name: _____________________________________
EXCUSES, EXCUSES
You are at a party at a friend’s house and you’re ready to leave. Your friend Jessie gave you
a ride to the party, but as you both head to the door, Jessie is swaying as she walks and
slurring her sentences. You are convinced she shouldn’t drive, but she insists that she’s fine.
What can you say to her when she gives you each of the following excuses? Feel free to use
information from the video or the fact sheets.
1.
“I have to get home by curfew or my parents will know something’s wrong.”
2.
“This is nothing, believe me. I’ve driven like this before and it was fine.”
3.
“Don’t worry, I made sure not to drink any alcohol. I can pass a breathalyzer test.”
4.
“It’s fine, I didn’t drink; I only smoked some pot.”
5.
“It’s okay; I took cold medicine to counter the alcohol.”
6.
“My mom will kill me if I don’t get home tonight.”
7.
Now write your own excuse and refute it.
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ACTIVITY 5
Name: _____________________________________
WELL, THAT’S OKAY…
Consider this: everything you eat, drink or inhale can affect your brain chemistry. Food, drugs,
medicine… everything! Do you know how the human body reacts to various substances,
including many things that you might consume every day? Here’s your chance to find out.
Part One: Split into groups of three to four students. Each group must choose a
substance from the list below. Investigate how your substance affects the brain and body,
and prepare a brief report in which you answer these questions:
1.
How does this substance interact with the brain?
2.
Does this substance affect eyesight? Hearing?
Reflexes? Other motor skills?
3.
Can the body overdose on this substance?
4.
Are there medical warnings related to this substance?
5.
Can this substance be abused? Explain.
Substances:
aspirin
alcohol
marijuana
cough medicine (NyQuil, etc.)
asthma inhalants
cocaine
sugar
prescription antidepressants
chocolate
methamphetamines
paint/solvents
Part Two: Once each group is finished answering the questions, present the findings to
the class. Be sure to include any information on a particular substance if it impairs one’s
ability to drive. Feel free to include charts or illustrations to aid in your presentation.
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
Name: _____________________________________
ACTIVITY 6
ROLE PLAYS
Here is your chance to see how you would react in a real-life situation involving drugged driving.
Part One: Below are several scenarios and a recommended number of students. Feel free
to use some of the responses and excuses that you created in the Excuses, Excuses activity in
this Teacher’s Resource Book.
1.
For two students
Student A has taken something that is clearly impairing
his/her ability to drive. Student B sees Student A pick up
the keys and get ready to drive home. Student B must try
to convince Student A not to drive. (Note: this role play
may turn out differently, depending upon what substance
Student A has “taken.”)
2.
For three or more students
A teen and his/her parents are on their way to the
parking lot after dining at a restaurant. The teen thinks
that his/her parents have both had too much to drink to
be driving home safely.
3.
For three or more students
Student A is at a party, having a great time. She knows that
at the end of the party she will have to drive herself and her
best friend home. Her friends invite her to get high. She
knows that marijuana is illegal and likely to impair her
ability to drive—as well as her judgment.
Part Two: After each exchange is acted out, discuss what happened. Was it realistic?
Would the solution work? Why or why not? How can this information be used to combat
the problem of drugged driving? Are there any other possible solutions to the scenario that
you think would work better?
Part Three: After the discussion, switch roles and try playing out the scenario from the
other point of view. Feel free to come up with scenarios on your own and think of different
solutions to each of these different scenarios.
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 7A
Name: _____________________________________
CONTRACT FOR LIFE
Read the contract below, which should be signed by you and a parent or other caring adult.
Then answer the questions on the next page.
CONTRACT FOR LIFE
A Foundation for Trust and Caring
This Contract is designed to facilitate communication between young people and their
parents about potentially destructive decisions related to alcohol, drugs, peer pressure and
behavior. The issues facing young people today are often too difficult for them to address
alone. SADD believes that effective parent-child communication is critically important in
helping young adults to make healthy decisions.
Young Person
I recognize that there are many potentially destructive decisions I face every day and commit
to you that I will do everything in my power to avoid making decisions that will jeopardize my
health, my safety and overall well-being or your trust in me. I understand the dangers
associated with the use of alcohol and drugs and the destructive behaviors often associated
with impairment.
By signing below, I pledge my best effort to remain free from alcohol and drugs; I agree that I
will never drive under the influence; I agree that I will never ride with an impaired driver; and I
agree that I will always wear a seatbelt.
Finally, I agree to call you if I am ever in a situation that threatens my safety and to
communicate with you regularly about issues of importance to both of us.
_____________________________________________________
Young Person
Parent (or Caring Adult)
I am committed to you and to your health and safety. By signing below, I pledge to do
everything in my power to understand and communicate with you about the many difficult
and potentially destructive decisions you face.
Further, I agree to provide for you safe, sober transportation home if you are ever in a
situation that threatens your safety and to defer discussions about that situation until a time
when we can both have a discussion in a calm and caring manner.
I also pledge to you that I will not drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs, I will always
seek safe, sober transportation home and I will always wear a seatbelt.
_____________________________________________________
Parent/Caring Adult
Source: Students Against Destructive Decisions (SADD): www.sadd.org
This activity is continued on the next page.
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 7B
Name: _____________________________________
CONTRACT FOR LIFE
1.
Do you think that this contract covers all of the potentially dangerous situations
involving drugged driving?
2.
What aspects of this contract do you think would make it hard for you to keep?
3.
What about for your parent/guardian?
This activity is continued on the next page.
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 7C
Name: _____________________________________
CONTRACT FOR LIFE
This is your opportunity to create a contract specific to your life and to what you know. Fill in
the blanks below with any other information you think would help you do your best to avoid
situations involving drugged driving. Use the SADD contract only as a starting point; be sure
to put in your ideas and your methods for avoiding dangerous situations.
My Contract for Life
Young Person
I, __________________________________, recognize that there are many potentially
destructive decisions I face every day and commit to you that I will do everything in my power
to avoid making decisions that will jeopardize my health, my safety and overall well-being or
your trust in me. I understand the dangers associated with the use of alcohol and drugs and
the destructive behaviors often associated with impairment.
By signing below, I pledge my best effort to remain free from alcohol and drugs; I agree that I
will never drive under the influence; I agree that I will never ride with an impaired driver; and I
agree that I will always wear a seatbelt.
Finally, I agree to call you if I am ever in a situation that threatens my safety and to
communicate with you regularly about issues of importance to both of us.
Furthermore, I, __________________________________, pledge:
____________________________________________
(Sign your name here)
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 8
Name: _____________________________________
SPREAD THE WORD
Although many people recognize the dangers of drinking and driving, far fewer are aware of
the dangers of driving while under the influence of other drugs—including legal prescription
medicines. Here’s your chance to change that. Split into small groups within your class.
Use the questions below as a starting point to create your project.
Your project can be artistic (a skit, painting, play, etc.), it can be informational (a poster
campaign or brochure)—it can be anything you wish, as long as it effectively gives your
audience a new appreciation for the dangers of drugged driving. The goal is to make your
presentation memorable and vivid.
Answer the questions below to get started.
1.
Who do you want to reach with this project? (for example, ninth graders, adults, etc.)
2.
What is your main message?
3.
What is the information you will use to support your main message?
4.
How are you going to get the message out? (Posters? Brochures? A song? A play?)
5.
What materials do you need to do it? Who do you need to help you?
6.
How will you know if your audience got the message?
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
Name: _____________________________________
ACTIVITY 9A
RESEARCH PROJECT
Research one of the topics below and write a brief paper on your findings. You can gather
information at your school or local library, as well as on the Internet. Use a Resource
Tracker to collect information.
Depressants
What does it mean when a drug is a depressant? What are some
examples of depressants? What are the medical uses of these
drugs, and how can they be abused if not administered carefully?
Drug Interactions
What happens when different drugs are taken at the same time?
What are some examples of interacting drugs that could produce
harmful effects?
The History of DUI Laws
How have DUI laws changed in the last twenty years? What has been
the impact of these changes? What is the typical sentence for a firsttime offender? What usually happens to repeat offenders? At what
point in the past have laws been altered to focus on other types of
impairment beside alcohol?
Alcohol versus Other Drugs
What are the effects of alcohol on driving ability as opposed to other
drugs like marijuana or narcotics? How do prescription or over-thecounter medicines affect driving ability? Do they have similar
detrimental effects? Can the effects of one drug be compounded by
taking another one?
Impairment from Improper Use of Medicine
Many prescription and over-the-counter medicines include a warning
label that states, “Avoid driving a motor vehicle while taking this
product.” Another common warning label states, “Do not drink
alcohol while taking this medicine.” When did pharmaceutical
companies begin publishing these warnings? Do you believe these
printed warnings are sufficient? Are there plans to increase the size of
these warning stickers, or to heighten the message to consumers?
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 9B
Name: _____________________________________
RESOURCE TRACKER
Title of book or article:
Title of book or article:
Author(s):
Author(s):
Published by:
Published by:
Copyright date:
Copyright date:
Subject covered:
Subject covered:
Quote(s):
Quote(s):
Notes:
Notes:
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 10A
Name: _____________________________________
FILL IN THE BLANKS
It is often difficult to truly understand the impact that drugged driving can have on everyone
around you. It’s a big step to hear a story about someone you never knew and understand the
concrete relevance it has for your own life.
This exercise is designed to help you overcome that gap. You may recognize this exercise as
being similar to a fill-in-the-blanks game you played when you were younger. For this
activity, you will fill in the blanks beforehand, not knowing what the information is going to
be used for until afterwards. But unlike the game you might be familiar with, the results will
be far from funny.
This exercise should serve as a reminder that drugged driving is not an abstract, forgettable
event, but rather a frighteningly immediate one that affects everyone around it. A fatal
drug-related crash that you heard about on the news could happen in your neighborhood
just as easily as someone else’s—and its victims could be those close to you.
Part One:
Fill in the following blanks:
Tomorrow’s date
_________________________
Your town
_________________________
Your state
_________________________
An over-the-counter drug
_________________________
Your friend 1 (first and last name)
_________________________
Your friend 2 (first and last name)
_________________________
Your friend 3 (first and last name)
_________________________
Model of car that Friend 1 drives
_________________________
A restaurant you like
_________________________
A bar in your neighborhood
_________________________
Your local hospital
_________________________
This activity is continued on the next page.
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
ACTIVITY 10B
Name: _____________________________________
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Part Two:
Man Arrested on Drunk Driving Charges After Fatal Collision
________________
Tomorrow’s date
_______________ , _____________ (AP). A __________________ man was
Your town
Your state
Your town
arrested last night for driving while under the combined influence of alcohol and
_________________ after his car hit another car, killing two
An over-the-counter drug
young people and injuring a third, authorities said.
The three victims, in a ____________ , were driving away from ______________
Friend 1’s car
A restaurant you like
restaurant at about 11 p.m. last night when the man, whose name is not being
released, struck their car in a head-on collision.
The police report that the man had been at ___________________ from 6 p.m.
A bar in your neighborhood
until after 10:30, when he left, presumably to drive home. Upon further
investigation, it was found that the man had taken an over-the-counter cold
medication while at the bar. It is hypothesized that the drugs reacted badly with
the alcohol to cause severe wooziness and loss of perception while the man was
behind the wheel.
_________________________ , the driver of the ___________________ , was
Friend 1
Friend 1’s car
killed instantly. The other fatally injured victim was _______________________,
Friend 2
who was not wearing a seatbelt at the time of collision. The third passenger,
__________________________ , is being treated at ______________________
Friend 3
Your local hospital
for a fractured rib and contusions. Funeral services for ______________________
Friend 1
and __________________________ are scheduled for tomorrow.
Friend 2
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
Name: _____________________________________
ACTIVITY 11
AN OUNCE OF PREVENTION
Part One: Sometimes there are certain actions you can take to ensure that everyone gets
home safely—even before a difficult situation arises. Below are some different ways of
ensuring everyone’s safety by preparing beforehand. Read the different methods, and then
complete the following scenarios using the methods you just read about and any others you
can think of.
Know that it is okay and be prepared to refuse any ride—even one
from an adult—if you think that the ride will be unsafe. You can
think of how the conversation might go to prepare yourself.
Discuss the situation beforehand with a person you trust—a good
friend, a trusted adult—to ensure they understand the danger and
would be ready to pick you up if you needed it.
Get a copy of a local bus schedule or the phone number of a local
taxi company and keep it in your wallet.
If possible, have the impaired driver turn over his or her keys to
someone who you know has not had anything that would impair
his or her ability to drive.
Establish a designated driver. A designated driver is a person in a
group who agrees not to drink alcohol at a social event, in order to
drive his or her companions home safely.
Part Two: Compare your answers with the other students. Did anybody think of a new
method? What were some unexpected ways of avoiding danger? Are there some methods
that you think work better than others? Describe below.
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
FACT
SHEETS
FACT SHEET 1
Name: _____________________________________
WHAT IS DRUGGED DRIVING?
DRUGGED DRIVING: The act of operating a car, boat or other
motor vehicle after having consumed alcohol or other drugs to the
degree that the driver’s mental and physical skills are impaired.
Driving Under the Influence (DUI) is a crime in most countries around the world. It is a
public health concern that endangers not only the drugged driver, but also other drivers,
passengers, bicyclists and pedestrians.
“Impaired driving is no accident.
It’s a serious and deadly crime
that kills every 30 minutes.”
- www.stopimpaireddriving.org
WHAT ARE THE LAWS AGAINST DRUGGED DRIVING?
Impaired or drugged driving laws are similar to DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) laws
that exist to punish drivers who are alcohol-impaired. Drugged driving laws cover all
types of mind-altering substances, whether they are legal or illegal—including prescription
and over-the-counter drugs.
Most state laws define “drugged driving” as driving when a drug “renders the driver
incapable of driving safely,” or “causes the driver to be impaired or under the influence of
a substance that affects physical or mental faculties.”
It is not necessary to be extremely “high” in order to be charged with DUI. The level of
alcohol or drugs in the driver’s body must simply be enough to prevent him from thinking
clearly or driving safely.
Illegal Substances: In 15 states (Arizona, Georgia, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Michigan,
Minnesota, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Virginia, and
Wisconsin), it is illegal to operate a motor vehicle with ANY detectable level of a prohibited
drug, or its metabolites, in the driver’s blood. <www.nida.nih.gov/Infofacts/driving.html>
Over 1.46 million drivers were arrested in 2006 for driving under the influence of alcohol or
narcotics. This is an arrest rate of 1 for every 139 licensed drivers in the United States.
<www.madd.org/Drunk-Driving/Drunk-Driving/Statistics.aspx>
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
Name: _____________________________________
FACT SHEET 2
SOBERING STATISTICS
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), drugs other than alcohol
(such as marijuana and cocaine) are involved in about 18 percent of driver
deaths from car crashes. <www.cdc.gov/ncipc/factsheets/drving.htm>
According to the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 10.2 million
people age 12 and older reported driving under the influence of illicit drugs
during the year prior to being surveyed. <www.nida.nih.gov/Infofacts/driving.html>
A 2003 study by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services indicates
that one in five 21-year-olds reported driving while impaired by illegal drugs.
<www.jointogether.org/news/research/summaries/2003/study-says-11-million-drive.html>
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimates that
drugs are used by as many as 22 percent of drivers involved in crashes, often in
combination with alcohol. <www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/outreach/safesobr/15qp/web/iddrug.html>
NIDA’s 2006 Monitoring the Future survey indicated that more than 10 percent
of high school seniors admitted to driving under the influence of marijuana in
the two weeks prior to the survey. <www.nida.nih.gov/Infofacts/driving.html>
In 2001, an estimated 46,000 high school seniors in the US reported that they
caused a car crash while impaired by alcohol, and another 38,000 reported that
they caused a car crash while driving under the influence of marijuana
(Mediacampaign.org)
Drivers are less likely to use seat belts when they have been drinking. In 2005,
64 percent of the young drivers involved in deadly drugged driving crashes
were unrestrained. (Parentsofyoungdrivers.com)
Studies have found that 10 to 22 percent of drivers in car crashes use drugs,
often in combination with alcohol.
In 2006, an estimated 13.3 percent of persons age 12 and older drove under the
influence of an illicit drug or alcohol at least once in the past year—roughly
32.8 million people.
The highest rates of illicit drug use are found among youth ages 18 to 20 (between
20 and 21 percent), with marijuana being the most commonly used illicit drug.
In 2005, 48 children age 14 years and younger who were killed as pedestrians or
bicyclists were struck by impaired drivers (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 2006).
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
Name: _____________________________________
FACT SHEET 3
EFFECTS OF DRUG USE
Drugs cause a variety of effects on the brain and can alter perception of time and space,
balance and many other abilities—all of which are necessary for safe driving. Here are the
effects of some of the most common drugs:
Alcohol and other depressants
Depressants slow down the central nervous system and diminish many of the skills
needed for safe driving. Even small quantities of a depressant can result in mental
confusion, blurry vision, poor muscle control and slowed reflexes. For instance, in
one study, drivers under the influence of depressants were found to stare more at the
center of the windshield, causing them to fail to notice important peripheral events.
Stimulants (such as cocaine, crack, methamphetamine)
Stimulant drugs speed up the body and trick the mind into a “superman” attitude
that can lead to rash or risky decision-making. As the stimulant effect wears off,
the body begins to suffer from fatigue which can make driving hazardous.
<www.rta.nsw.gov.au/heavyvehicles/safety/hvdrug/hvdrug_stimulant.html>
Prescription drugs (such as OxyContin, painkillers)
Many prescription drugs come with specific warnings against the operation of
machinery—including motor vehicles—for a specified period of time after use.
When prescription drugs are abused, the risk of impaired driving and other harmful
reactions is even higher. <www.nida.nih.gov/Infofacts/driving.html>
Marijuana
Marijuana can affect a driver’s attentiveness, concentration, perception of time and
speed and coordination. Marijuana reduces many of the necessary driving skills
such as concentration, depth perception, coordination and reaction time. These
effects can last for up to 24 hours after smoking marijuana. Research indicates
that marijuana is the most prevalent illegal drug detected in impaired drivers,
fatally injured drivers, and motor vehicle crash victims.
Hallucinogens (such as LSD, ecstasy)
Perception of space and time is distorted. The driver may ‘see’ things that will cause
erratic driving. <www.addictionshelp.org.nz/Helpline/Subnav/Drug%20Information/hallucinogens>
Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs (such as cold remedies, cough syrup, allergy medicine)
Many common medicines cause drowsiness or other unexpected side effects that can
impact on a person’s ability to drive safely. Always read the label before taking any
medicine. If you are taking a cold or allergy relief medicine, never drive a car before
you’re fully aware of how the drug affects you.
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
FACT SHEET 4
Name: _____________________________________
DON’T BECOME A STATISTIC
It’s a simple fact: People who drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs are unable to
drive responsibly. Why? Because their judgment is impaired, their reaction time is
slowed and their coordination is reduced.
What can you do to keep yourself from being involved in a drug-related crash caused by
someone else? Learn to be alert to the erratic driving that signals an impaired driver.
Warning signs include the following:
Nearly striking an object or another vehicle
Straddling the center line or lane marker
Driving on a surface other than the road
Weaving or swerving
Stopping with no apparent cause
Following too closely
Responding slowly to traffic signals
Abrupt or illegal turns
Rapid acceleration or deceleration
Driving with headlights off at night
Driving with one’s head out of the window, or
with the window rolled down in cold weather
Unusually wide turns
If you see any of these warning signs:
Maintain a safe following distance if the driver is ahead of you.
Do not try to pass, because the driver may swerve into your car.
If the driver is behind you, turn right at the nearest intersection. Let the driver pass
and then return to your route.
If the driver is approaching your car, move to the shoulder of the road and stop. Do
not sound your horn or flash your lights.
When approaching an intersection, slow down and expect the unexpected.
Fasten your seatbelt and keep your doors locked.
Report anyone you suspect of being an impaired driver to the nearest law
enforcement agency by phone. Give a description of the vehicle, license number,
location and the direction the vehicle is heading.
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
FACT SHEET 5
Name: _____________________________________
A CRASH IN SLOW MOTION
What happens when a car going 55 miles per hour hits a tree? You’d be surprised. Take a
look at the first seven-tenths of a second after impact:
1/10 second:
The front bumper and chrome grillwork
collapse. Slivers of steel penetrate the tree
to the depth of an inch and a half or more.
2/10 second:
The hood rises, crumbles and smashes into
the windshield. Spinning rear wheels
leave the ground. The fenders hit into the
tree and force their rear parts out over the
front door. The car’s heavy structure begins to slow down, but the
driver keeps going at the vehicle’s original speed. At twenty times the
normal force of gravity, his weight is equal to more than a ton and a half.
His legs, ramrod straight, snap at the knees.
3/10 second:
The driver—still alive—is off the seat, body upright, broken knees
pressing straight against the dashboard. His head is near the sun visor;
his chest is above the steering column. His convulsive death grip begins
to bend the plastic and steel frame of the steering wheel.
4/10 seconds: The car’s front 24 inches are crushed, but the rear is still traveling at an
estimated 35 miles per hour. The driver is still going forward at 55
miles per hour. The half-ton motor block crunches into the tree. The
rear of the car, like a bucking horse, rises high enough to scrape bark off
the tree’s lowest branches.
5/10 second:
The driver’s clutching hands bend the steering column into an almost
vertical position. The force of gravity impales him on the column.
Jagged steel punctures his lungs and arteries.
6/10 second:
The driver’s feet are ripped from his laced shoes. The brake pedal
shears off at the floorboard. The chassis bends in the middle, shearing
the bolts that hold the car together. The driver’s head smashes into the
windshield. The rear of the car begins to fall back down, spinning
wheels digging into the ground.
7/10 second:
The whole body of the car is twisted and forced out of shape. Hinges
tear, the door springs open. In one last convulsion, the driver’s seat
rams forward, pinning him against the splintered steering column.
Blood spurts from his mouth; shock freezes his heart. He is now dead.
by Sergeant E.K. Floegel, Troop K Traffic Supervisor, Ohio Highway Safety Department
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
FACT SHEET 6
Name: _____________________________________
RESOURCES
Centers for Disease Control
www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/index.htm
www.cdc.gov/ncipc/factsheets/drving.htm
Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD)
www.madd.org
National Council on Alcoholism & Drug Dependence
www.ncadd.org
www.ncadd.org/facts/youthalc.html
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Impaired Driving
Division
www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism
www.niaaa.nih.gov
National Institute on Drug Abuse
www.drugabuse.gov/infofacts/driving.html
www.nida.nih.gov/infofacts/driving.html
Stop Drugged Driving
www.druggeddriving.org/index.html
Stop Impaired Driving
www.stopimpaireddriving.org
Students Against Destructive Decisions (SADD)
www.saddonline.com
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
FACT SHEET 7
Name: _____________________________________
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bichler, Christine. Teen Drinking. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1999.
Hyde, Margaret. Alcohol 101: An Overview for Teens. Twenty First Century Books, 1999.
Mitchell, Hayley R. Teen Alcoholism. Lucent Books, 2007.
O’Brien, Robert and Sidney O’Brien. Encyclopedia of Drug Abuse. New York:
Facts on File, 2002.
Rosengren, John. Life is Just a Party: Portrait of a Teenage Partier. New York:
Deaconess Press, 2006.
Seixas, Judith. Children of Alcoholism: A Survivor’s Manual. New York: Crown
Books, 2007.
Shuker, Nancy. Everything You Need to Know about an Alcoholic Parent. New York:
Rosen Group, 1999.
Torr, James D. ed. Teens and Alcohol (Current Controversies). Greenhaven Press, 2001.
Walker, Bonnie. Drugs and Alcohol Workbook. Holmes Beach, FL: Learning
Publications, 2005.
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER
HUMAN RELATIONS MEDIA
Name: _____________________________________
OTHER PRODUCTS
Other Drug Ed & Health
Programs for Grades 7-12
from Human Relations Media
This Is Your Brain on Tobacco: A Research Update
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No Safe Amount: Women, Alcohol and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
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Cocaine and Heroin: Still Here, Still Deadly
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Rushing, Crashing, Dying: The Meth Epidemic
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Tobacco and Death: Perfect Together
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Uppers & Downers: The Facts about Stimulants & Depressants
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Visit our website for detailed descriptions of the above programs.
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DRUGGED DRIVING: THE ROAD TO DISASTER