rpwe;j re;ij tpahghhpfSf;fhd NahridfSk; rpghhpRfSk;
1. cq;fs; fijfis gfph;e;Jnfhs;Sq;fs;
cq;fs; tpahghuj;ij kf;fs; epidtpy; itj;jpUf;f cjtpahf ,Uq;fs;. cq;fs;
ngaiuAk; ,yl;rpidiaAk; cs;slf;fpajhd th;z milahsj;ij
vLj;J
thUq;fs;. 6 mb J}uj;jpy; ,Ue;J cq;fs; milahsj;ij thrpf;f Kbfpwjh
vd;gij cWjpnra;Jnfhs;Sq;fs;.
cq;fs; cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; tpahghuk; rhh;ghd glq;fs; kw;Wk; jfty;fis
fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs;. vJ cq;fs; tpahghuj;ij tpNrrj;Jtk; kpf;fjhf;Ffpd;wJ? cq;fs;
tpahghuk; vt;thW #oYf;F nghUj;jKilajhfpd;wJ?> r%fj;jpw;F rpwe;jjhfpd;wJ?
kw;Wk; cly; eyj;jpw;F rpwe;jjhfpd;wJ?
tpahghu ehs; jtp;e;j Vida ehl;fspy; kf;fs; vt;thW cq;fis re;jpf;fyhk;
vd;gij
njhpag;gLj;Jq;fs;
ePq;fs;
epiyahd
rpy;yiw
tpw;gidf;$lj;ij
itj;jpUe;jhy; mij tpsk;gug;gLj;Jq;fs;. cq;fis njhlh;Gnfhs;tjw;fhd tpahghu
ml;il>
tpahghu
tpguj;jhs;fs;
kw;Wk;
Kfg;Gj;jf
gf;fk;>
,izaj;jsk;
Nghd;wtw;wpd; tpguq;fis vLj;J thUq;fs;. jghy; Kfthp kw;Wk; ifnahg;gkpLk;
gbtk; Nghd;wtw;iw thbf;ifahsUf;F jq;fs; njhlh;G tpguq;fis toq;Fk;nghUl;L
jahuhf itj;jpUq;fs;.
gy tpjkhd gpd;jsq;fis itj;jy; re;ij kf;fis fth;tjhf mika cjtpahf
,Uf;Fk;. jfty;fis KbAkhdtiu gytpjkhd nkhopfspy; itj;jpUq;fs;.
cq;fs; thbf;ifahsh;fs; cq;fs; tpahghuj;jpd; tpsk;gujhuh;fshf ,Uf;Fk;nghUl;L
nghjpfs;> ];bf;fh;fs;> rl;ilfs; kw;Wk; Vida nghUl;fis cq;fs; tpahghu
,yl;rpidAld; toq;Ftij fUj;jpw;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
midj;J cw;gj;jpfspYk; njspthf rpl;il (Nygy;) itAq;fs;
ngaUk; tpiyAk; nghwpf;fg;gl;ljhf
rpl;ilfis
midj;J
cw;gj;jpfspYk;
itAq;fs;. cq;fs; tpiyfis ,yFthf ghh;ff
; f;$bajhf itAq;fs;.
2. midj;J cw;gj;jpfspYk; rpl;ilfis njspthf fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs;
midj;J cw;gj;jpfspYk; ngah; kw;Wk; tpiy nghwpf;fg;gl;ljhf rpl;ilfis
itAq;fs;. tpiyia ,yFthf ghh;f;ff;$bajhf cUthf;Fq;fs;. mNdfkhd
thbf;ifahsh;fs; cq;fsplk; vd;dnghUl;fs; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gijAk; mjDila
tpiy vd;d vdgijAk; cq;fsplk; Nfl;fhkNy njhpe;Jnfhs;s tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;. rpy
kf;fs; tpiyfs; nghwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sij ghh;f;fKbahjtplj;J cq;fSila ,lj;jpy;
epw;gij$l tpUk;Gtjpy;iy. xl;Lnkhj;j fhl;rpg;gLj;jypy; mofhd rpl;ilfis
Nrh;j;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Mff;Fiwe;jJ 3 mb J}uj;jpy;
,Ue;J
cq;fs;
rpl;ilfis
thrpf;ff;$ba
jhfTs;sjh
vd;gijAk; mit J}a;ikahdjhf
,Uf; fpd;wdth vd;gijAk; cW
jpg;gLj;jpf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
rPuhd
th;zq;fisAk;
vOj;Jf;
fisAk; gad;gLj;Jtjw;F KaYq;
fs;. vOj;Jf;fisAk; nrhy; ,yf;
fzj;ijAk; ghPl;rpj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
1
cq;fs; cw;gj;jpfspd; rpl;ilfspy; mtw;iwg;gw;wpa fth;rpfukhd fhuzpfis
cl;gLj;Jq;fs;. cq;fs; cw;gj;jp vq;Nf cUthf;fg;gl;lJ my;yJ tsh;e;jJ?
Rw;Wr;#oYf;F mJ vt;tifapy; rpwe;jJ> r%fj;jpw;F rpwe;jJ kw;Wk; cly;
eyj;jpw;F rpwe;jJ? cjhuzkhf tpsq;fg;gLj;Jk; rpl;ilfspy; cs;slf;Fq;fs;:
,aw;if cu rhd;wpjo;> epiyahd tsh;r;rp> Rw;Wr;#oy; tsh;r;rp> eQ;R mw;wJ>
ghJfhg;ghdJ> nfhOg;ig cUthf;fhjJ> midj;Jk; ,aw;ifahdJ> rPdp mw;wJ>
re;ij cj;juthjKs;sJ> kPo;Row;rpapyhdJ> ,aw;if rhakplg;gl;lJ> eQ;rw;w
rhakplg;gl;lJ> ifahy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ> rpwpa tptrhapahy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ>
Aj;jj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ngz;fSf;F gad; toq;FtJ> kioahy; cUthFk;
fhLfSf;F MjuthdJ> ePhpopT Neha;f;F cfe;jJ> cah; FUjp mOj;jj;jpw;F
cfe;jJ.
,aYkhd re;jh;g;gj;jpy; fw;wYk; cq;fs; fhl;rpg;gLj;jypd; xUgFjpahfl;Lk;. vg;gb
xU nghUis gad;gj;JtJ vd;gij cjhuzkhf toq;Ff. tpNrlkhf thbf;ifahsh;
mg;nghUs;rhh;ghf mwpe;jpUf;ftpy;iyahapd; czthf ,Ug;gpd; rikf;Fk; kw;Wk;
gq;fpLk; Nahridfis toq;Ff. cq;fs; cw;j;jpapy; cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;s kUj;Jt
tpguq;fis Fwpg;gpl;L fhl;LtNjhL mtw;iw cq;fs; tpahghu rpd;dk;> tpahghug;
ngah;
kw;Wk;
njhlh;Gnfhs;tjw;fhd
jfty;fNshL
fljhrpapy;
gpujpnra;J
toq;Fq;fs;.
3. mij J}a;ikahf itj;jpUq;fs;
cq;fs; tpw;gid $lj;jpYk; tpahguj;jpYk; thbf;ifahsh; ghh;itapy; mjp$ba
J}a;ikia itj;jpUg;gJ kpfg;ngUk; fhuzpahFk;. cq;fs; tpw;gid epiyak;
J}a;ikahdjhf ,Ue;jhy; ,J thbf;ifahsUf;F cq;fs; cw;gj;jpapd; J}a;ik>
juk; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G rhh;ghd rhjfkhd jftiy toq;Ffpd;wJ.
Nkirfs; Nkir tphpg;Gfshy; %lg;gl;bUf;fNtz;Lk;> MfNt Nkyjpf ,Ug;G>
jdpg;gl;l cilikfs; my;yJ tpfhukhd nghUl;fis gFjpf;F ntspNa
itj;jpUq;fs;.
fhl;rpg;gLj;jiyAk; tbtq;fisAk; mt;tg;NghJ cq;fs; tpaghu epiyaj;Jf;$lhf
efh;tjd;%yk; Neuhf;fpf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. epyj;jpy; fopTfs; my;yJ kuf;fwp tiffs;
tpOe;jpUf;ff;fz;lhy; mtw;iw mfw;wptpLq;fs;.
4. thbf;ifahsh; - el;G ,ilntspia cUthf;Fq;fs;
cq;fs; mq;fhbf;F cs;Ns ,Uf;Fk; nghUl;fis thbf;ifahsh; ,yFthf
thq;Ftjw;F top nra;Aq;fs;. cq;fs; tpw;gidg; gFjpf;Fs; mjpf kf;fs; ,Ug;gpd;
mJ Vida thbf;ifahsh;fis ftUk;. kf;fs; ,aw;ifahfNt GJikahdth;fs;.
xUFwpg;gpl;l gFjpapy; xU njhFjp kf;fs; $l;lkhf ,Ug;gij fz;lhy; mq;F
Mh;tj;ij cz;lhf;Fk; tplak; vd;d vd;gij mwptjpy; mth;fs; Mh;tkhf ,Ug;gh;.
ePq;fs; czit tpw;gid nra;gtuhf ,Ue;jhy;
khjphpfis toq;Fq;fs;. goq;fs;> %ypiffs;
kw;Wk; kuf;fwp tiffis fOtp itAq;fs;>
rpwpa Jz;Lfshf ntl;b itAq;fs; kw;Wk;
gw;Fr;rpfNshL
mtw;iw
gfpUq;fs;.
NrhW
rikf;fg;gl;L
rpwpa
,iyfspy;
my;yJ
fljhrpfspy; gfpug;glyhk; mJ thbf;ifahsh;
ntt;NtW tiffspd; tpj;jpahrkhd Ritfis
czuf;$bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. [hk;> rP]; kw;Wk;
jahpf;fg;gl;l czTfs; rpwpa gp]fl;LfSld;
gfpug;glyhk;.
cz;gjw;F jahuhfTs;s czit ePq;fs; gfph;tPh;fshapd; mjid ghh;f;ff;$ba
tifapyhd ,lj;jpy; itAq;fs; mJ Vida thbf;ifahsh;fs; ghh;g;gjw;F (kw;Wk;
2
Kfh;tjw;F)
trjpahf
,Uf;Fk;.
czTfSf;F
ntt;NtWgl;l
nghjpaply;
gad;gLj;JtJ
Mh;tj;ijj;
J}z;Ltjhf
mikAk;
(c+k;:
,iyfshyhd
czTg;ghj;jpuk;). thbf;ifahsh;fs; czT cl;nfhs;tjw;F ,lj;ij xJf;fpf;
nfhs;tJ ,d;Dk; fth;r;rpahd mtjhdj;ij cq;fs; mq;fhbapd; gf;fk; jpUg;Gk;.
cq;fs; mq;fhbapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;jy;fis cUthf;Fq;fs;. cjhuzkhf ePq;fs;
ifg;gzpg;nghUs; xd;iw tpw;gid nra;fpWPh;fshapd; mJ vt;thW cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
rpWth;fSf;fhd nraw;ghLfisAk; toq;Fq;fs;.
ePq;fs; kf;fis cq;fs; mq;fhbf;F tuNtw;gij cWjpnra;Jnfhs;Sq;fs;. thapypy;
,Ue;J thbf;ifahsh; cs;Eistij jLf;fhjPh;fs;. kf;fs; cs;tUtjw;Fk; cq;fs;
nghUl;fis miltjw;Fk; NghJkhd ,ltrjpiaf; toq;Fq;fs;.
5. %d;W tbtq;fspyhd fth;rprfukhd fhl;rpg;gLj;jiy cUthf;Fq;fs;
cw;gj;jpfs; Ksq;fhy; kw;Wk; fz;fspd; kl;lj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ mit tpw;gid;f;F
tpUk;gj;jf;fjhf
,Uf;Fk;.
epyj;jpy;
nghUl;fis
fhl;rpg;gLj;Jtij
jtph;j;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs; tpNrrkhf czT tiffs;. cw;gj;jpfis fz;fspd;
kl;lj;jJf;F rkPgkhf fhl;rpg;gLj;j mYkhhpfs; my;yJ jl;Lfis gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.
%d;W tifahd fhl;rpg;gLj;jy; KiwfisAk; cq;fs; nghUl;fis fhl;rpg;gLj;j
cgNahfpAq;fs;.
gd;Kfg;gl;l
kl;lq;fspy;
cw;gj;jpfs;
fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gLtJ
Nkirfspd; Nkw;gug;gpNyh my;yJ epyj;jpNyh gug;gp itg;gijf;fhl;bYk; kpfTk;
fth;r;rpfukhdjhfTk; kw;Wk; gh;f;ff;$bajhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;
gd;Kfg;gl;l kl;lj;jpy; fhl;rpg;gLj;j Nkirfs;> ngl;bfs; kw;Wk; gyiffis
gad;gLj;Jq;fs;. ngl;bfs; kw;Wk; gyiffs; Nkir tphpg;gpdhy; kiwf;fg;gLtJ
fhl;rpg;gLj;jiy NkYk; cah;epiyapapy; itj;jpUf;Fk;.
kl;ilfspdhyhd ngl;bfisf; fhl;bYk; ,aw;ifahd nfhs;fyd;fs;> Gw;$ilfs;>
gpuk;Gf;
$ilfs;
my;yJ
kug;
ngl;bfs;
Nghd;wtw;iw
fhl;rpg;gLj;jYf;F
gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.
3
ngl;;bfisNah $ilfisNah thbf;ifahsUf;F Kd;ghf rha;thf itAq;fs;. ,J
cw;gj;jpfis njhpaf;$bajhfTk; milaf;$bajhfTk; ,Uf;f kpfTk; tha;g;ghf
,Uf;Fk;.
Nkir kiwg;Gf;fs;> fhlrpg;gLj;jy; nghUl;fis kw;Wk; milahsq;fis ePq;fs;
njhpTnra;Ak;NghJ
cq;fs;
nghUl;fis
typAWj;Jk;
th;zq;fisAilajhf
njhpTnra;Aq;fs;. nghJthf ,aw;if th;zq;fs; my;yJ ,aw;ifahd GtpapypUe;J
fpilf;Fk; th;zq;fis gad;gLj;JtJ rpwg;ghdjhFk;. cq;fSila cw;gj;jpfNshL
njhlh;Gilajhd th;zq;fisAk; mr;R tbtq;fisAk; jtph;j;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
6. itj;jpUg;gjw;F ftdj;jpw;nfhs;sNtz;ba cw;gj;jpfs;.
“rf;jp nghUl;fs;” thbf;ifahsiu fth;tjpy; gpugy;akhd cw;gj;jpfs; ,it tpsk;gu
cj;jpahfTk; mikAk;. cld; khk;gok;> rpte;j jf;fhsp kw;Wk; wk;Gl;lhd; Nghd;wit
mq;fhbfspy; itg;gjw;Ffe;j rf;jp nghUl;fSf;F cjhuzq;fshFk;. rf;jp nghUl;fs;
kf;fis mq;fhbf;F fth;e;jpOg;gjw;Nfw;g njhpaf;$ba ,lj;jpy; Kd;ghf itg;gNj
rpwe;jJ. thbf;ifahsh; nfhLg;gdit nrYj;j mq;fhbf;Fs; EisAk;NghJ Vida
nghUl;fisAk; fhz;gh;.
“jpBh; nfhs;tdT nghUl;fs;” ,it thbf;ifahsh; thq;Ftjw;F jpl;lkpl;buhj
nghUl;fshFk;. mth;fs; mit fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gl;bUg;gijf; fz;ljd; gpd;dNu
thq;Ffpwhh;fs;. Rit czTfs;> rpwpa> Fiwe;j nrytpyhd ifg;gzpg; nghUl;fs;
Nghd;wit ,jw;F cjhuzq;fshFk;. ,t;Tw;gj;jpfs; nfhLg;gdT Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;
gpuNjrj;jpy; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gl;bUf;fNtz;Lk;. ,t;tifahd xt;nthU nghUSk;
kpff;Fiwe;j tpiyapyhdjhf ,Ue;jhYk; ,it cq;fs; xl;Lnkhj;j tpahghuj;jpw;F
Fwpg;gplj;jf;f msT gq;fspg;Gr;nra;fpd;wd.
xU Fwpg;gpl;l ,ilntspay; mjpfstpyhd fhl;rpg;gLj;jYf;fhd th;zk; kQ;ry;
MFk;. cq;fs; kQ;rs; epwj;jpyhd cw;gj;jpfis ftUk; ftdj;ij <h;ff;$ba
ntspg;gFjpapy; itAq;fs;
tpj;jpahrkhd th;zq;fspyhd cw;gj;jpfis mLj;jLj;J itAq;fs;. cjhuzkhf
rptg;G> kQ;ry; kw;Wk; gr;ir goq;fSk; kuf;fwp tiffSk; fye;j fyitahf
thbf;ifahshpd; ftdj;ij <h;f;ff;$bajhf. rptg;G kw;Wk; nrk;kQ;ry; th;zq;fs;
fz;fis fth;tNjhL Qhgfj;jpy; itj;jpUf;ff;$bait. midj;J gr;ir kuf;fwp
tiffisAk; mLj;jLj;J itg;gij jtph;j;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
vLj;J nry;Yk; gphpit toq;Ftij ftdj;jpy; ,Uj;Jq;fs;.
thbf;ifahsh; czT tpLKiwapd;NghNjh my;yJ mtruj;jpNyh ngWtjw;Nfw;g
Vw;fdNt nghjpnra;ag;gl;l> tpiyaplg;gl;l kw;Wk; thq;Ftjw;F Maj;jepiyapYs;s
nghUl;fs; rpytw;iw itj;jpUq;fs;. kuf;fwpg; gFjp fOtp ntl;bg; nghjp nra;ag;gl;
gr;ir ,iyfwp tiffis itj;jpUf;Fk;gbahd gphpit nfhz;ljhf ,Uf;fl;Lk;.
czTg;gFjp nghjp nra;ag;gl;l rd;l;tpr; my;yJ cld; vLj;J nry;yf;$ba kjpa
czTg;nghjpfis itj;jpUf;fNtz;Lk;.
4
rpy;yiw
njhifahf
cs;s
nghUl;fisAk;
Kd;dNu
nghjp
nra;ag;gl;l
nghUl;fisAk;Kila xg;gpLjiy gad;gLj;Jq;fs;. thbf;ifahsh; tpj;jpahrkhd
Mh;tj;ijAk; vjph;ghh;g;igAk; nfhz;bUg;gh;. rpy thbf;ifahsh; tpiuthdJk;
Vw;GilaJkhd njhpitf;nfhz;bUg;gh;. rpy thbf;ifahsh; Neuj;ij NghJkhd msT
vLj;J jkJ cw;gj;jpfis njhpTnra;th;. re;ij Ma;Tfspd; gpufhuk; njhpT
nra;ag;gl;l fhl;rpg;gLj;jiytpl thbf;ifahsh;fs; njhifahd fhlrpg;gLj;jNyh
my;yJ
nghjp
nra;ag;gl;l
fhl;rpg;gLj;jNyh
,Uf;Fk;NghJjhd;
mjpfkhd
nghUl;fis nfhs;tdTnra;fpwhh;fs;.
7. kpifg;gLk;gbahd czh;it cUthf;Fq;fs;
mjpfg;gbahd
cw;gj;jpfs;
cq;fsplk;
,Ug;gijg;Nghy;
jahh;gLj;Jq;fs;.
ntw;Wf;$ilfisNah my;yJ ntw;W mYkhhpfisNah thbf;ifahsh; fhZk;NghJ
mth;fs; cq;fis ntw;wpfukhdtuhf ghh;g;gjpy;iy: khwhf njhpTfs; kpfTk;
FiwthdJ my;yJ rpwe;j cw;gj;jpfs; tpw;gid nra;ag;gl;Ltpl;ld vd;Nw mth;fs;
cq;fisg; ghh;f;fpd;wdh;. Njhlhr;rpahf cq;fs; cw;gj;jpfis kPs;epug;Gq;fs;. xU
Jz;lj;ij ePq;fs; tpw;gid nra;Jtpl;lhy; kw;nwhU Jz;lj;ij itj;J mt;tplj;ij
kPs;epug;Gq;fs;.
cq;fs; fhl;rpg;gLj;jy; my;yJ nfhs;fyd;fs; epiwe;Js;sij njhlh;r;rpahf
jf;fitj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. kpf Fiwthd cw;gj;jpfNshL ePq;fs; nra;w;gl;lhy;
mtw;iw rpwpa nfhs;fydpypLq;fs; mJ epuk;gp tsptijg;NghyTk; epiwthf
cs;sijg;NghyTk; njhpag;gLj;Jk;.
kw;nwhU top ePq;fs; nghpa nfhs;fyd;fis epug;gpfshy; epug;Gq;fs;. cjhuzkhf
ePq;fs; ,iyfis Nghlyhk; my;yJ fljhrpfisNah ngl;biaNah fPNo Nghl;L
mij epug;gp kpFjpahf cs;s Nkw;gug;gpy; cw;gj;jpfshy; epug;Gq;fs;.
cw;gj;jp kpff;Fiwthf ,Ug;gpd; ePq;fs; nfhs;fyd;fis rhpj;J xOq;F gLj;jp
nghUl;fs; ntspNa rpe;jp ,Ug;gijg;Nghy; itj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;.
kPs;epug;Gtjw;F nghUl;fs; vJTNk ,y;yhjtplj;J ePq;fs; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jk; gphpTfspd;
vz;zpf;ifiaNah mYkhhpfspd; vz;zpf;ifiaNah Fiwj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;.
8. fhyepyf;F jahh;gLj;Jf
jpBh; kioNah fhw;Nwh Vw;gLkplj;J %btpLtjw;F Vw;g gpsh];hpf; Jzp xd;iw
nfhz;L thUq;fs;. cq;fs; rpd;dq;fis typikahd nghUl;fshy; cUthf;fp
rpwg;ghf epWj;jpitAq;fs;. ykpNdw; nra;ag;gl;l rpl;ilfis gad;gLj;Jtij
ftdj;jpw;nfhs;f mJ mjpf thuk; gad;gLj;j cjTk;. cq;fiSila mq;fhbia
xOq;FgLj;jNth my;yJ vLj;Jr;nry;yNth trjpahf Filfis vLj;J thUq;fs;.
cq;fsplk; epiw Fiwthd nghUl;fs; ,Ug;gpd; (c+k;: fljhrp ifg;gzpg;nghUl;fs;
my;yJ gr;ir ,iy kuf;fwpfs;) fhw;W Ntisapy; ghJfhf;Fk; jpl;lj;ij
itj;jpUq;fs;. ghug;gLj;jp fPNo itAq;fs; mg;NghJ mit fhw;wpy; gwf;fhJ.
tUlj;jpd; ntg;gfhyq;fspy; Fsph; ehLfs;$l ntspg;Gwr; re;ijfisf;nfhz;Ls;sd
(,yq;ifiatpl ntg;gkhf ,Uf;Fk;). czT tpw;gidahsh;fs; ntg;gj;jpw;F jahuhd
5
Kiwapy; tUtJ kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. Kd;Ndw;ghlhf jpl;lkpLq;fs; mJ
cq;fs; go tiffisAk; kuf;fwp tiffisAk; caph;g;Gilajhf itj;jpUf;f
cjTtNjhL KO re;ijaAk; cq;fs; gf;fk; fth;e;jOf;Fk;.
#lhd fhyepiyapy; xU Neuj;jpw;F rpW mstpyhd cw;gj;jpfis kl;Lk;
fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs; kpFjpia FspUl;bapy; my;yJ nw[pNghk; ngl;bapy; itj;jpUq;fs;.
ePh; tprpWk; Nghj;jiyAk; %L gdp ,iy gr;ir kuf;fwpfisAk; Fsph; ePUld; vLj;J
thUq;fs;. rpy kuf;fwpfs; mtw;wpd; Nth;fNshL my;yJ jz;LfNshL rhbapy;
G+f;fis itj;jpUg;gJNghy; ePhpy; itj;J fhl;rpg;gLj;jyhk;. cq;fsplk; rhbfspy;
itf;fg;gl;l
fd;Wfs;
,Ug;gpd;
mtw;Wf;F
ePh;
Cw;Wtij
epidtpy;
,Uj;jpf;nfhs;Sq;fs; mg;NghJ mit caph;j;Jbg;Gs;sitahf ehs; KOtJk;
,Uf;Fk;.
Fsp&l;b rhjdq;fs; ntg;gepiyia rkg;gLj;jp itj;jpUf;Fk; Mdhy; mNdfkhdit
caph;g;Gs;s
goq;fs;
kuf;fwptiffspy;
Njitf;fsthd
<uypg;Gj;jd;ikia
guhkhpg;gjpy;iy. Fsph; fl;bfs; fhl;rpg;gLj;jypy; Fspiu itj;jpUg;gjpYk; <ug;gjj;ij
toq;FtjpYk;
Fsp&l;bfistpl
Kd;Ndw;wfukhdjhf
,Ug;gjhy;
cw;gj;jp
gOjiltjpypUe;Jk; juk; Fd;wpg;NghtjpypUe;Jk; ghJfhf;fpd;wd. Fsph; fl;bfis
vLj;J thUq;fs; my;yJ gpsh]hpf; Nghj;jy;fspy; Fsp&l;ba ePiu nfhz;LthUq;fs;.
Fsph; fl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gpy; cq;fs; cw;gj;jpg; nghUl;fis fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs; my;yJ
fsQ;rpag;gLj;jp itAq;fs;. tpiwg;giltijAk; Nrjg;gLtijAk; jLf;Fk;nghUl;L
<uypg;ghd Jthia my;yJ Jzpia cq;fs; nghUl;fSf;Fk; Fsph; fl;bf;Fk;
,ilapy; itf;fNtz;Lk; vd;gij epidtpy; itj;jpUq;fs;.
Fsph;ikahd ,iaghd Milfis mzptNjhL NghJkhd msT Fb ePh; vLj;Jtu
kwf;fhjPh;fs;.
9. thbf;ifahsiu fth;e;jpOj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;
cq;fis fhzf;$bajhf ,Uq;fs;. thbf;ifahsh; me;jg; gpuNjrj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ
mq;Nf ePq;fSk; ,Uq;fs; me;j gpuNjrj;jpw;F nghWg;ghd cj;jpNahfj;jh; ePq;fs;
jhd; vd;gij vz;gpf;ff;$ba milahsk; cs;s vijahtJ mzpe;jpUq;fs;. ngah;
ml;il xd;iw mzpe;jpUq;fs; my;yJ cq;fs; milahs rpd;dk; nghwpf;fg;gl;l
njhg;gp> Nrl; my;yJ Vg;wid mzpe;jpUq;fs;.
,t;thwhd re;ijf;F mNdfkhd kf;fs; tUtij tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs; fhuzk; me;j
cw;gj;jpg;nghUl;fis tsh;g;Nghh;> cUthf;FNthh; kw;Wk; nra;gth;fs; ahh; vd;gij
mwpa
tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;.
jpwe;j
kdNjhL
,Ue;J
tuNtw;Gnra;Aq;fs;.
Gd;KWtYldpUq;fs;. fz;njhlh;ig itj;jpUq;fs;. midj;J thbf;ifahsh;fSf;Fk;
`Nyh nrhy;Yq;fs;. ey;y cwit cq;fs; thbf;ifahsUld; tsh;j;Jf;nfhs;tJ
cq;fs; cw;gj;jp tpw;gidia mjpfhpf;Fk; mj;NjhL thbf;ifahshpd; ey;y
thh;j;ijfis tpl rpwe;j tpsk;guk; VJk; ,Uf;fKbahJ.
thbf;ifahsh;fSld; fijg;gJ Gjpa cw;gj;jp Nahridfis milahsk; fhzTk;
Gjpa re;ij tha;g;Gfis milahsk; fhzTk; cjTk;. cq;fs; vjph;fhy
cw;gj;jpfspd;nghUl;L thbf;ifahshpd; gpd;D}l;ly;fis ngWtjw;F xU Fwpg;Gg;
Gj;jfj;ij itj;jpUf;f kwthjPh;fs;.
cq;fs; tpahguj;ij njhpe;J itj;jpUq;fs; kw;Wk; mijg;gw;wp cw;rhfkhf fijf;f
njhpe;Jnfhs;Sq;fs;. mJ kpf cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;. ePq;fs; tpw;gidnra;Ak;
cw;gj;jpia gad;gLj;JtJ kw;Wk; ghJfhg;gJ gw;wpa jfty;fis thbf;ifahsUf;F
toq;Fq;fs;.
cq;fSila mq;fhbapy; mjpfkhd kf;fs; fhj;jpUe;jhy; Vidath;fs; njhlh;e;J
thpirapy;
,Uf;Fk;
nghUl;L
Vw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$bathwhd
thh;j;ijfis
gad;gLj;Jq;fs; (“xU epkplj;jpDs; cq;fsplk; tUfpd;Nwd;”)
6
ey;y re;ijapDil xUkpj;j fl;Lg;ghLfis gpd;gw;Wq;fs;. thbf;ifahsUf;F
ePq;fshfNt nghjpfis toq;fhjPh;fs;. nghjp xd;W Njitah vd mth;fsplk;
NfSq;fs;. mth;fSila nghjpfis kPsg;gad;gLj;jj; J}z;Lq;fs;.
mq;fhbapd; fhl;rpg;gLj;jypy; ePqfSk; xU gFjp MfNt cq;fs; cly; Njhw;w
ntspg;gLj;jypYk; mjpf ftdk; nrYj;Jq;fs;. J}a;ikahd> nghWg;Gs;s kw;Wk;
Neh;ikahd Njhw;wj;ij ePq;fs; ntspg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
cq;fs; mq;fhbapy; cq;fshy; epw;f Kbahnjdpy; xU tpw;gidg; gpujpepjpia
thlif;fF mkh;j;jp rpwg;ghf gapw;rpnfhLj;JtpLq;fs;. nghJthd rpy tpdhf;fSf;F
gjpyspf;Fk; tpjj;jpy; mjw;fhd gjpy;fis ykpNdw; gz;zg;gl;l jfty; gbtj;jpy;
jahuhf itj;jpUq;fs;. cq;fs; mq;fhbapy; gzpGhpAk; xt;nthU jdpegUk; ed;whf
njspTgLj;jg;gl;bUg;gNjhL>
kfpo;rpfukhd
mNjNtis
thbf;ifahsiu
ikag;gLj;jpatuhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;.
Vida tpw;gidahsh;fSld; el;igg;NgZtNjhL mth;fSf;F cjtpahfTkpUq;fs;.
cq;fSf;F
thbf;ifahsuhf
xNunkhopapy;
NgrKbahtpl;lhy;
kw;iwa
tpw;gidahsuhy; KbAk;.
10. jpl;lkpLq;fs; kw;Wk; gapw;rp ngWq;fs;
cq;fs; mq;fhbia tiue;Jnfhs;tjd; %yk; cq;fs; fhl;rpg;gLj;jiy xU
fljhrpapy; jpl;lkplyhk;. xU tiujy; fljhrpapy; ,ij nra;tjd;%yk; ePq;fs;
mstPl;L Kiwapy; tbtikf;fyhk;. Xt;nthU mq;fhbAk; 10 X 20 mbahFk;.
ePq;fs; tpw;Fk; nghUl;fspd; gl;bay; xd;iw jahhpAq;fs;. ,e;j gl;baiy vj;jid
$ilfs;> ngl;bfs; kw;Wk; Vida nfhs;fyd;fs; Njit vd;gij fzf;fpl
gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.
vd;d tpjkhd fhl;rpg;gLj;jy; nghUl;fs; Njit vd;gij gl;baypLtjd;%yk; mjid
gad;gLj;jyhk;: (ePsk;> mfyk;> cauk;) $ilfs; (vj;jid> vd;d mstpy;)>
rpd;dq;fs;> Nkir tphpg;Gfs;> mYkhhpfs;> epWj;jpfs; Vida…..
tp;wgid gpuNjrj;jpy; cq;fSf;F Njitg;gLk; vdf; fUJk; cgfuzq;fis
gl;baypLq;fs;: juhR> fhRg;ngl;b> NghJkhd rpy;yiw fhR> mYkhhpapypUe;J tpw;Fk;
nghUl;fSf;fhd gjpTg; gbtq;fs;> fzf;fPl;Lf; fUtp> nghjpfs; my;yJ Vida
nghjpnra;Ak; nghUl;fs;> cq;fs; fd;WfSf;Fk; kuf;fwpfSf;Fk; ,Ltjw;fhd ePh;
Vida….
xU rpwpa ngl;bapy; gl;bfs;> fj;jhpf;Nfhy;fs;> khf;fh;fs;> Ngdhf;fs;/ngd;rpy;fs;>
fljhrp Vida… Nghd;wtw;iw filrp epkpl milahsj; jahhpg;G kw;Wk; mtru
jpUj;jq;fspd;nghUl;L gad;gLj;jj Nghl;L itAq;fs;.
re;ijf;F Kd;djhf cq;fs; fhl;rpg;gLj;jiy xOq;FgLj;Jq;fs;. ,J cq;fs;
fhl;rpg;gLj;jy; vg;gb ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;gijg; ghh;f;f> neUf;fb vg;gb ,Uf;Fk; kw;Wk;
vt;thwhd khw;wq;fs; Njit vd;gij ghh;f;f cq;fSf;F cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;.
cq;fsplk; ,Uf;Fk; NkirfSf;F Vw;whw;Nghy cq;fs; $ilfis NjLtjw;F
jpwf;Fk; ehs; nghUj;jkhdjy;y.
cq;fs;
fhl;rpg;gLj;jiyg;gw;wp
Neh;ikahd
gpd;D}l;liyj;
juf;$ba
ek;gp;iff;Fhpath;fis
mioAq;fs;.
thbf;ifahsh;fs;
cq;fisAk;
cq;fs;
cw;gj;jpfisAk;
njhpe;Jnfhs;s$bajhd
kpfg;nghhpa
tpj;jpahrq;fis
kpf
rhjhuzkhd khw;wq;fs; cUthf;Fk;.
cq;fs; tpw;gid rhh;ghd gjpTfis guhkhpAq;fs;. ,J vjph;fhy re;ijf;F jpl;lkpl
cq;fSf;F cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;.
7