EUROPEINNOVA2012
Has Europe come to a stop? It seems that way when we hear about the economic
crisis and runaway growth in other parts of the world. But in many places across
Europe, enterprises and researchers are working on getting Europe going again.
14
The values of
antiquity will
help Greece
Highly educated
Greeks are creating
plenty of growth –
but abroad. A cluster
of innovation invites
them to use their
skills at home.
Let’s get
traffic rolling
A new German
measuring device cuts
idle time before a road
can be taken back to
use after repair works.
New businesses
in the North Sea
Meet Dan Jensen
and his colleagues
at Ocean Team
Scandinavia.
4
4
8
Spanish manure
is spread wisely
The intelligent
manure spreader
is one of several
results as Catalonian
enterprises, farmers
and researchers join
forces.
7
16
Europe needs
to fight back
Innovation in Europe
is too slow, and this
has large economic
consequences, says
Ann Mettler from the
think tank The Lisbon
Council.
The innovative
spice girl
Through the
Danish knowledge
pilot scheme, Ellen
Kruse increases
the exports of
spice suppliers
Mill & Mortar.
6
2
EuropeInnova 2012
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Television won’t be able to hold on to
any market it captures after the first six months.
People will soon get tired of staring at a plywood
box every night.
Darryl Zanuck,
executive at 20th Century Fox, 1946
(wikiquote.org)
The crisis of Europe
creates opportunities
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www.fi.dk
Special Consultant
Tina Rud Mogensen will answer
questions about the
content on tel.
+45 7231 8415
E-mail: [email protected]
Editors:
Head of Department
Thomas Alslev
Christensen (holder
of responsibility),
Special Consultant
Tina Rud Mogensen,
Freelance journalists
Morten Andersen,
Marianne Bom and
Rie Jerichow, City
Pressekontor.
Design:
Rie Jerichow
Print:
OTM Avistryk
Herning-Ikast A/S
October 2012
Edition: 2,000
ISBN print:
978-87-92776-64-8
ISBN web:
978-87-92776-65-5
ILLUSTRATION: LARS REFN
Wow, the others want in, too!
Much more than Europe, the United States
and Japan focus their efforts on innovation. Europe is still ahead of China and
other developing economies, but our lead
is shrinking.
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3
Innovation has nothing to do with how many R&D
dollars you have. When Apple came up with the Mac, IBM was
spending at least 100 times more on R&D. It’s not about money. It’s about the people you have, how you’re led, and how
much you get it.
Steve Jobs, founder of Apple
(Fortune, 9 November 1998 )
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FACTS ON
MELITEK
Melitek is a familyowned business
established in 1979.
In 2003, the enterprise moved from
Copenhagen to the
island of Falster. The
enterprise produces
phtalate-free plastics
to manufacturers of
medical equipment.
In recent years,
Melitek annual turnover growth rates
have been between
10 and 30 percent
annually, and the
number of employees has increased
to 25.
About this newspaper
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EuropeInnova 2012
Bye-bye to plasticisers in the blood
The EU has imposed harsh restrictions on the
use of unhealthy phthalates, or plasticisers,
in toys. But plasticisers are still allowed in
blood bags, and there is no available alternative to phthalates to soften the plastic.
A Danish and an Italian company are now
collaborating on developing the phthalatefree blood bag.
BY MARIANNE BOM
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FACTS ON EUROSTARS
Eurostars is a European research and development programme for R&D intensive
small and medium-sized enterprises.
Eurostars subsidises international consortia
that develop products and services ready
for the market no later than two years after
the project. The Eurostars funding limit per
project is 300,000 euro.
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4
EuropeInnova 2012
“
The inventor looks upon the world and is not contented
with things as they are. He wants to improve whatever he sees,
he wants to benefit the world; he is haunted by an idea. The
spirit of invention possesses him, seeking materialization.
Alexander Graham Bell,
inventor of the telephone (1847-1922)
(As appears on plaque in the entrance to the Alexander Graham
Bell Museum in Baddeck, Nova Scotia, Canada)
“
“
Guitar groups are on their way out,
Mr Epstein.
Dick Rowe from Decca Records told Brian
Epstein, manager of The Beatles, in 1962
(The Beatles. The Beatles Anthology.
San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2000)
“
Not a single, substantial, commercially-successful project
had come from an adequately-funded team. They’d always
come from the scrounging, scrapping, underfunded teams.
Kenneth H. Olsen (1926–2011),
American computer designer and cofounder of
Digital Equipment Corporation
(Quoted in A Passion for Excellence, Peters and Austin, 1985)
EuropeInnova 2012
5
Where a calculator like the ENIAC
today is equipped with 18,000 vacuum
tubes and weighs 30 tons, computers in
the future may have only 1,000 vacuum
tubes and perhaps weigh only 1½ tons.
Andrew Hamilton, Scottish lawyer
who Emigrated to Virginia,1949
(Popular Mechanics, March 1949)
From fishes to oil, gas and wind
FACTS ON
TEAM
SCANDINAVIA
Ocean Team Scandinavia specialises in
cleaning hydraulics
and similar fluidcarrying systems
offshore. 80 percent
of the breakdowns
occurring in such
systems are due
to impurities in
the lubricating oil
and similar liquids.
In the offshore
industry, a crash
equals high costs.
The company has
not received public
innovation funding,
but it frequently
uses the network
of Offshore Center
Denmark which is
supported by the
Danish Agency for
Science, Technology
and Innovation.
European award aids
quest for offshore jobs
Once, Ocean Team Scandinavia maintained
the mechanical systems on fishing cutters.
Today, it maintains equipment used for oil
rigs and offshore wind turbines. This change
has created growth in the company, but
requires ongoing technical and business
development.
Offshore Center Denmark will use the recognition from the European Commission
as a battering ram in the struggle to create
thousands of new jobs.
BY MORTEN ANDERSEN
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FACTS ON
OFFSHORE
CENTER
DENMARK
Offshore Center Denmark was established
in 2003 as a so-called
innovation network
supported by the
Danish Agency for
Science, Technology
and Innovation. The
agency still contributes financially to
the centre. Today,
the centre has 20
employees. Several
are consultants living
in countries with
large offshore activities. 250 companies
are members of the
network and participate in a wide range
of activities; including
speed dating with
potential customers
and suppliers from
abroad as well as
joint agency travels
to selected countries.
In total, there are 22
national innovation
networks in Denmark.
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EuropeInnova 2012
“
“
What can be more palpably
absurd than the prospect held out
of locomotives travelling twice as
fast as stagecoaches?
The Quarterly Review,
March, 1825.
“
There is no shortage of creative people in
American business. The shortage is of innovators.
All too often people believe that creativity leads to
innovation. It doesn’t.
Theodore Levitt (1925–2006),
US management theorist,
writer, and editor
(Ideas Are Useless Unless Used, Inc., February 1981)
With a staff of only 40, the French engineering enterprise NEO-ECO is heading no less
than five research project, spanning from
recycling broken tiles for road construction
to reclaiming materials deposits in rivers
and streams.
BY MORTEN ANDERSEN
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7
It’s always about timing. If it’s too soon,
no one understands. If it’s too late, everyone’s
forgotten.
Anna Wintour, editor-in-chief, Vogue 2011
(Article in The Business of Fashion)
Fewer traffic jams
in Europe
With perfect timing of innovation subsidies,
Zorn Instruments was able to develop a
new product in spite of the economic crisis, take a shortcut to a far quicker product
launch and at the same time reduce traffic
congestion on highways.
BY RIE JERICHOW
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Subsidy from a French
innovation programme
Customers in the industry typically contact
NEO-ECO about help for specific recycling
problems. The company works on the problem for one to two years, often in collaboration with public research institutions. The
result is a proposal to the customer on how
to deal with the problem onwards. NEOECO has made particular use of the French
national subsidy programme for innovation
in small and medium-sized enterprises,
OSEO.
“
Transmission of documents via telephone wires is
possible in principle, but the apparatus required is so expensive that it will never become a practical proposition.
Dennis Gabor, British physicist and
author of Inventing the Future, 1962.
(wikiquote.org)
New ideas
for used materials
EuropeInnova 2012
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FACTS ON ZORN INSTRUMENTS
Zorn Instruments was founded in the 19th
century and has changed tracks several
times throughout the years. In the beginning the company manufactured safes and
later on spare parts for the East German
railroads. In 1980, the current owner took
hold of the company, and since then the
primary focus has been on manufacturing
and developing test equipment like deflectometers. Zorn Instruments has thirty
employees, including three in the development department.
Faces of innovation
Malene strives for healthier cows with more milk
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PHOTO: CLAUS BJØRN LARSEN
Jessica protects houses against flooding
PRIVATE PHOTO
Diarmuid makes diagnosis quick
PRIVATE PHOTO
Ellen clears the path for spicy exports
PHOTO: CLAUS BJØRN LARSEN
People innovate.
Behind every invention or enterprise improvement
stand one or more
people who had
a good idea and
carried it out.
Here you can read
about four people
who had the
chance to make a
difference.
8
EuropeInnova 2012
“
The world potential market for
copying machines is 5,000 at most.
IBM, to the eventual founders of
Xerox, saying the photocopier
had no market large enough to
justify production, 1959.
(wikiquote.org)
“
“
In the modern world of business, it is useless to be
a creative original thinker unless you can also sell what you
create. Management cannot be expected to recognize a good
idea unless it is presented to them by a good salesman.
David Ogilvy,
former chairman, Ogilvy & Mather
(1989 book »Confessions of an Advertising Man«)
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The idea that cavalry
will be replaced by these iron
coaches is absurd. It is little
short of treasonous.
Comment of Aide-de-camp
to Field Marshal Haig, at tank
demonstration, 1916.
(wikiquote.org)
Jordi Gili, manager of Taller Gili
»Even in times of crisis we must invest in innovation. Otherwise we may as well pack it in.
It’s a question of survival.«
Josep Emili Bellet, manager of Ilercim
»We did not know anything in particular about
manure, but this project gave us a chance
to learn more about this special sector and
gave us new opportunities to exploit our own
technology.«
Josep Aldabert, manager of Ilercim
»What has been very special about this project
is that we have not had a customer-provider
relationship. It has been team work with a
really great understanding of each other’s
challenges. We have been equals.«
Intelligent manure spreader
FACTS ON
THE PROJECT
The manure project
has received an
innovation subsidy
of EUR 60,000 from
ACC1Ó, a programme with the goal of
making Catalonian
companies more
competitive by promoting innovation,
and more. Salaries
for the two employees of FEMAC are
paid for by other
subsidy instruments.
The companies’ own
investments of time
and money make up
the vast majority of
means invested.
Find a way to control the amount of nitrogen
discharged by manure on the fields, said
the Catalan Ministry of Agriculture. Only
two years later, the first intelligent manure
spreader was working in the Spanish fields
thanks to a fruitful collaboration in the enterprise cluster FEMAC.
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“
EuropeInnova 2012
Innovation is more than having new ideas:
it includes the process of successfully introducing
them or making things happen in a new way. It
turns ideas into useful, practicable and commercial
products or services.
John Adair, British author,
writer on business leadership.
(»Taking good ideas to market«, 2009)
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10
EuropeInnova 2012
“
The paradox of innovation is this:
CEO’s often complain about lack of innovation,
while workers often say leaders are hostile to
new ideas.
Patrick Dixon, British futurist
and business thinker
(Building a Better Business, The Key to Future
Marketing, 2005)
“
“
A number of reasons against street lighting exist, including these:
1. Theological: It is an intervention in God’s order, which makes nights dark...
2. Medical: It will be easier for people to be in the streets at night, afflicting
them with colds...
3. Philosophical-moral: Morality deteriorates through street lighting. Artificial
lighting drives out fear of the dark, which keeps the weak from sinning...
(The Kölonische Zeitung, Germany, 28 March 1819)
None of my inventions came by accident. I see
a worthwhile need to be met and I make trial after trial
until it comes. What it boils down to is one per cent
inspiration and ninety-nine per cent perspiration.
Thomas Edison, American inventor
and businessman, 1929
(Statement in a press conference as quoted in Uncommon Friends: Life with Henry Ford, Harvey)
“
EuropeInnova 2012
11
Drill for oil? You mean drill
into the ground to try and find oil?
You’re crazy.
Associates of Edwin L. Drake
refusing his suggestion to drill
for oil in 1859
(wikiquote.org)
Five danger signs for Europe
Five good omens for Europe
Too few young, innovative companies: Among the 1,400 companies in the world which invest the most in research and development,
European companies founded after 1975 only make seven percent of total
investments.
A lot of funding for research and innovation: With proposed investments of 80 billion euro, Horizon 2020, the upcoming EU framework programme for research and innovation, will be one of the biggest in the world.
Too little risk-willing capital: There is four times as much risk-willing
capital available to new American enterprises than European enterprises.
The calculation has been adjusted for economy sizes.
Smaller companies are taking part: More small companies are applying for research and development funding. Under a young programme
for furthering collaboration between companies and public research, half the
participating companies are small or medium-sized.
Difficult to invest in other EU member states: Tax barriers and
other national legislation block approx. EUR 94 billion of venture capital
investments across borders before 2020.
Strong clusters in Europe: 38 percent of Europe’s workforce is employed in industrial sectors participating in regional ’clusters’. They attain higher
productivity and innovation than other companies.
A hassle to find your way around EU’s programmes: Within the
EU system, there are many different programmes relevant to innovation,
and they fall under different Directorate-Generals and offices.
Start-up aid for innovation makes a difference: According to a
Spanish-Dutch study, modest subsidies can motivate 10 percent of enterprises in the private sector to become active in research and development.
Behind the field in IT research subsidies: The American IT cooperation Google invests 70 percent more than the total IT research budget
under the EU framwork programme for research.
Cheaper to patent: Today, it costs about 32,000 euro to obtain a European patent, but new rules will lower the price to about 6,800 euro. This is
an advantage to firms that want to protect inventions against copying.
Europe seen from abroad:
Keep your chin up
In the middle of the economic crisis, it is easy
for Europeans to find reasons for moping.
But don’t. There are many things that can
be done to get the economy going again,
is the message from across the Atlantic.
AF MARIANNE BOM
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government. Howard Alper is also a Distinguished University Professor at the University
of Ottawa and chairman of the advisory board
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network focused on enhancing knowledge
sharing. Denmark was awarded a prize for the
efficiency of the Danish innovation system
by the Knowledge Economy Network in June
2012.
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to Switzerland in 2011. The KEN award for
education was given to Japan in 2012 and to
Korea in 2011.
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EuropeInnova 2012
“
How a fuel cell works
In an ordinary battery, a continuous chemical
reaction creates a current. The same occurs in a
fuel cell. But while the battery is drained, the fuel
cell can go on, because new fuel can be added
to the cell all the time. There are different kinds
of fuel cells. Topsoe Fuel Cell manufactures the
type Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). Every cell consists of three layers of thin, ceramic material. One
of the layers carries a negative electrical charge.
The second layer carries a positive electrical
charge. In between is a third layer functioning as
an electrolyte. The function of the electrolyte is
to allow negatively charged oxygen ions created
by air streaming across the negatively charged
layer to pass through to the positively charged
layer. On the positively charged layer, the oxygen
ions react with the fuel, which for example can
be natural gas. In this way, the negative charges
are released as electrons - also called current,
which can be transmitted to the electrical grid.
SOFC uses the fuel very efficiently, but demands
a working temperature of ca. 750 degrees
Celsius. A next generation in the works is able to
function at ca. 600 degrees Celsius.
Topsoe Fuel Cell in Lyngby, Denmark, is
among the world’s leading producers of
fuel cells, which are capable of extracting far
more energy from natural gas than traditional boilers and power plants. It has taken a
long-time collaboration with the Technical
University of Denmark, DTU, to get this far.
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To achieve great things,
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and not quite enough time.
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American conductor,
composer and author
(1918-1990)
Television? The word
is half Greek and half Latin.
No good will come of it.
C.P. Scott,
Editor, Manchester
Guardian 1936
(BBC History of television)
The miracle
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“
Innovation is new
stuff that is made useful.
Max Mckeown, British management guru and author
(The Truth About Innovation,
2008)
Hungarian dynamo
for SME innovation
In less than ten years, the Budapest company
MFKK has grown from five to fifty employees.
The company takes part in collaborations
with other SMEs and research institutions all
over Europe on innovation projects.
BY MORTEN ANDERSEN
Prins Autogassystemen:
Making Cars Green
Take a regular petrol car. Equip it with an
alternative fuel system and voila: emit up
to 15 percent less carbon dioxide.
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Many benefits for the driver
FACTS ON
PRINS AUTOGASSYSTEMEN
In 2006, Prins had 15
employees. Since then,
the number of employees has grown every
year – even during
the crisis year of 2009.
Today, there are 135
employees, of which
50 are devoted to
research and development. The company
develops systems for
petrol cars and trucks,
enabling them to run
on both conventional
and alternative fuels.
13
With regard to the electric light, much has
been said for and against it, but I think I may say
without contradiction that when the Paris Exhibition closes, electric light will close with it, and no
more will be heard of it.
Erasmus Wilson,
Oxford University professor, 1878
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Prins has been involved in
several innovation programmes:
»WBSO« (Wet Bevordering Speur-a Ontwikkelings-werk) promotes research and development
by subsidising salary expenses for employees in
R&D departments. WBSO subsidy recipients can
also apply for a tax reduction ranging from 5 to
25 per cent on annual profits.
»International Innovation« - an international
scheme for projects, where newly developed
technology interacts with at least one partner
from abroad.
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Research benefiting SMEs
As of today, MFKK takes part in 20 innovation
projects, all of which receive subsidies from EU’s
framework programme for research. More than
100 companies, all of them smaller (SMEs), take
part in the projects.
14
EuropeInnova 2012
“
“
We have no right to assume
that any physical laws exist, or if they
have existed up until now, that they
will continue to exist in a similar manner in the future.«
Max Planck, German physicists
and Nobel Prize Winner
(The Universe in the Light of Modern
Physics, 1931)
The values of antiquity
will help Greece
Come home and use your knowledge to
create progress in Greece. One of Europe’s
best cluster initiatives, Corallia, wants to use
antiquity’s culture of conversation to entice
highly educated Greeks to come home and
create growth.
BY MARIANNE BOM
PHOTO: EIRINI VOURLOUMIS
T
ON CORALLIA
Corallia has won
international recognition for its efforts
to establish high-tech
enterprises in Greece.
Was awarded ‘best
practice’ by DG Enterprise & Industry in
2009 for its ability to
strengthen the technological capacity of
small and mediumsized enterprises.
Corallia is a publicprivate partnership
partly financed by
the European Foundation for Regional
Development as well
as national foundations.
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“
The concept is interesting and well-formed,
but in order to earn better than a ’C’, the idea
must be feasible.«
A Yale University management professor
in response to a college assignment by
Fred Smith proposing a reliable overnight
delivery service, in 1966.
Smith would later go on to found Federal Express
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The three clusters of Corallia
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“
If you want to succeed,
double your failure rate.
Thomas John Watson, President
of International Business Machines (IBM)
(Quoted in Ron van Oech:
A Whack on the
Side of the Head, 1982)
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CORALLIA IN
PRACTICE
• Facilitates collaborations between
enterprises in selected
high-tech industries
• Counsels the individual enterprise about
its business plan,
capital and more
• Runs two innovation centres where
companies can rent a
place in a professional
environment
• Offers services such
as accounting, further
education, catering,
teleconferences, joint
purchases
• Influences the entrepreneurial culture
of Greece by inviting
young people to
arrangements and
attracting researchers
from abroad.
EuropeInnova 2012
15
The coming of the wireless era
will make war impossible, because it will make
war ridiculous.
Guglielmo Marconi,
pioneer of radio, 1912
(Technical World Magazine,
October 1912 )
Greek company makes
houses produce energy
Small enterprise
matches the big ones
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16
EuropeInnova 2012
Quiz: Innovation of Europe
5 Which three EU countries
How much do you know about European innovation?
Shoot from the hip or find the answers in the newspaper insert.
invest the most in research
per capita?
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1 What is the name of EU’s
upcoming framework
programme for research?
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6 What is a knowledge pilot?
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2 When are China’s research
investments expected to
overtake those of the EU?
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7 How many new jobs are
3 Where does one gain the
expected in the European
offshore wind turbine
industry before 2020?
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most from research funding
in terms of exports and
licensing revenue?
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8 How large a share of
4 How much does it cost today to
Europe’s enterprises has
less than 10 employees?
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take out a European patent?
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ANSWERS: 1:C; 2:A; 3:C; 4:B; 5:A; 6:B; 7:C; 8:C.
Stress test of European innovation and growth policies:
Europe needs to fight back
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Is Europe doing its best to create a promising
future for its children? No, Europe can do a lot
better, says Ann Mettler, head of the Lisbon
Council.
BY MARIANNE BOM
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Innovation is too slow
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No magic bullet
Ann Mettler is Executive Director and Co-Founder
of the Lisbon Council, a solution-focused think tank on
how to modernise the European economy. She previously was manager at the World Economic Forum,
the Swiss-based organisation ‘committed to improving
the state of the world’.
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