CUMULATIVE EXAMINATION 2
Force and Motion, The Geology of Earth,
Forces that Change Earth’s Surface
Multiple Choice.
Choose the BEST answer.
1. Three observers watch as two trains
move toward each other on different
tracks. Observer A is in a car waiting to
cross the tracks. Observer B is in the first
car on one train. Observer C is in the back
of the first car of the other train looking to
the side. What does Observer A see?
B
C
A
a) an oncoming train
b) a train far away on the horizon
c) the two trains heading toward each
other
d) another train traveling past the train
Observer B is in
Use the diagram below to answer the following question.
c) It continues to circle around the pole.
d) It flies off in a curved path, accelerating as it travels.
3. A magician pulls a tablecloth off a table
without moving the dishes on it. How
can you explain this?
a) An object at rest tends to stay at rest.
b) For every action there is an equal but
opposite reaction.
c) The force required to accelerate an
object is directly proportional to its mass.
d) Lighter masses accelerate more than
larger masses for the same amount of
force.
4. Paulo sails his model sailboat in a pond.
At first the wind blows the sailboat 4.0
meters out from shore. Then the wind
stops, changes direction, and blows the
sailboat a distance of 3.0 meters at a 90
degree angle from its original direction.
How far is the boat from its original
point of departure?
a) 1.0 meter
c) 7.0 meters
b) 5.0 meters
d) 25 meters
5. Suzie studied the movements and velocities of three different Frisbees. Her data
is shown in the table below.
Disk
A
B
C
2. George hits a tetherball as hard as he
can. Its rope breaks. What happens to
the ball?
a) It flies off in a straight line.
b) It falls straight to the ground.
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Cumulative Examination 2
Change in
distance (m)
5
10
16
Change in
Time (sec)
5
20
8
What is the difference in acceleration
between the slowest and fastest disks?
a) 0.5 meter/second
b) 1.0 meter/second
c) 1.5 meters/second
d) 175 meters/second
6. Which of the following statements is
true of a series circuit?
a) Wiring two lights in a series will
make them both brighter.
b) Wiring two batteries in series keeps
the voltage the same as one battery.
c) Batteries in a series circuit will last
longer than those in a parallel circuit.
d) If one of two lightbulbs in a series
circuit burns out, the other will not light.
7. Two wires have a current moving
through them in the same direction.
Which of the following statements is
true?
a) The two wires repel each other.
b) The two wires attract each other.
c) The wires neither attract nor repel
each other.
d) The two wires are unable to produce
a magnetic field.
8. You and your friend want to play on a
teeter-totter. If your friend weighs twice
as much as you do, and the board is 7.0
meters long, how should you position
the board and its support?
a) Place the support anywhere below
the board.
b) Place the support below the center of
the board.
c) Place the support below the board
1.0 meter from the center and closer to
you.
d) Place the support below the board
1.0 meter from the center and closer to
your friend.
Use the schematic profile of a continental
margin to answer question 9.
A
B
Sea level
C
D
9. Where would you expect to find the
greatest numbers of marine plankton?
a) A
c) C
b) B
d) D
10. A mountain’s eroded peak is covered
with marine fossils. This mountain is
most likely
a) a folded mountain
b) an eroded mountain
c) a volcanic mountain
d) an upwarped mountain
11. A builder replaces a yard’s topsoil with
sand having larger-sized particles than
the original topsoil. Which of the following results from this change?
a) More water is retained by the new
topsoil.
b) Less water is retained by the new
topsoil.
c) The new topsoil is easier to walk on.
d) The new topsoil is subject to increased chemical weathering.
12. Which of the following does not affect
the direction of surface ocean current
movement in the North Atlantic Ocean?
a) wind
b) salinity
c) landmasses
d) the Coriolis effect
Cumulative Examination 2
213
18. You have received coring data collected
along a mid-oceanic ridge. The data represent sediment ages at various points
along the ridge. Unfortunately, the computer download of the data repeated the
data several times and scrambled the
numbers. Based on your understanding
of seafloor spreading, which of the data
in the table below best represents the
ages of the sediments and distances
away from the ridge?
14. According to the rock cycle, the weathering and compaction of sediments into
layers would produce
magma
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
17. When mica breaks up into thin parallel
sheets, what has occurred?
a) fracture
b) cleavage
c) compaction
d) fluorescence
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Cumulative Examination 2
B
C
D
a) A
b) B
33
68
79
33
68
79
79
68
33
79
5
33
c) C
d) D
Use the diagram below to answer question 19.
China
plate
A le
North
American
plate
u ti a n Tr e n
c
aA
Are
ise
16. If you wanted to burn a form of coal having the highest heat content and the least
pollution, you would burn
a) peat
b) lignite
c) anthracite
d) bituminous coal
990
600
2100
600
990
2100
600
990
2100
2100
160
600
cific
R
15. You find a very dense, dark-colored rock
that is composed of large mineral particles. You can conclude that it formed
from
a) lava cooling on Earth’s surface
b) magma cooling below Earth’s surface
c) the layering of loose particles from
water
d) physical and chemical changes due
to the high temperatures of a nearby lava
flow
A
Sediment
Age (millions
of years)
Ja
Trenva
ch
Australian
plate
Ar
ea
Pacific
plate
Tonga
Trench
Eas
t Pa
a)
b)
c)
d)
Distance
from Ridge
Center (km)
Data
Download
h
13. When are storm waves likely to do the
most damage to a coastline?
a) during a spring tide when the moon is
farthest from Earth in its orbit
b) during a spring tide when the moon is
closest to Earth in its orbit
c) during a first-quarter moon when the
moon is closest to Earth in its orbit
d) during a third-quarter moon when the
moon is farthest from Earth in its orbit
aD
B
ge
Oc
e
an
id
ic r
Peru-Chile
Trench
Nazca
plate
Are
Ar
ea
C
19. The area having a seafloor structure produced by divergent plate movement is
a) Area A
c) Area C
b) Area B
d) Area D
c) increased water usage for irrigation
of farmland around the lake
d) increased water usage for personal
use by the farmers and their families
20. Which of the following is least likely to
cause beach erosion in a coastal area?
a) high wind velocity
b) heavy wave action
c) a steep beach face
d) very little wave action and a flat beach
25. If you wanted to determine a more specific age of a rock layer, you would use
a) relative dating
b) absolute dating
c) the Principle of Superposition
d) the position of rock layers with respect to each other
21. Beach rock and gravel particles have a
size distribution range of 2.0 millimeters
to 3.0 centimeters. What can you conclude about the beach from which this
sample was collected?
a) It has very little wave action.
b) It has heavy wave action.
c) Construction has occurred nearby.
d) The beach face is very flat.
22. Silver Springs in Ocala, Florida is a cold,
freshwater spring. It was produced by
a) the collapse of an underground cave
b) chemical weathering of underground
rock
c) slow-moving masses of compacted
ice and snow
d) upward movements of groundwater
through rock openings
23. A farmer wants to prevent wind erosion
of topsoil. To do this, he
a) uses more fertilizer
b) removes all trees nearby
c) plants trees as a windbreak
d) floods his fields with water
24. Agriculture has had its greatest effects
on Lake Okeechobee due to
a) pollution from fertilizers and farm
animal waste
b) use of genetically engineered crops
and farm animals
Gridded Response
26. If the average speed of a tsunami is 450
miles per hour, how long will it take to
travel 1800 miles? Show your work and
enter your answer on a copy of an answer grid. Use your own paper.
27. You have traveled a distance of 60 meters in 40 minutes. What is your velocity
in meters/second? Show your work and
enter your answer on a copy of an answer grid. Use your own paper.
28. You are riding your bike to school and
increase your speed from 3.0 meters/second to 4.0 meters/second in 5 seconds.
What is your acceleration? Show your
work and enter your answer on a copy of
an answer grid. Use your own paper.
29. If you lift a 15-N object to a 3.0-meter
high platform, how much work would
you do? Show your work and enter your
answer on a copy of an answer grid. Use
your own paper.
READ
INQUIRE
EXPLAIN
Short Response
30. Explain why machine efficiency is always less than 100 percent.
31. There has been a very strong wind blowing for the last five days. Explain why you
would not go out to sea in a small boat.
Cumulative Examination 2
215
32. You travel to the Hawaiian Islands and
observe that volcanic activity occurs
only on the big island of Hawaii. Explain
why the other Hawaiian islands have
dormant volcanoes.
33. Explain why Florida shorelines are constantly changing.
34. Black muck is a type of soil common to
the farmlands around Lake Okeechobee.
Much of it has been derived from the remains of an Everglades plant called
sawgrass. Describe the role of decomposers in the formation of muck.
37. a. Look at the topsoil diagram below.
Fill in each box with a description from
the list below. Use each description only
once.
bedrock
topsoil and humus
inorganic material and lighter color
plant litter
35. Explain why sedimentary rock contains
the most fossils.
READ
INQUIRE
EXPLAIN
Extended Response
36. Different forces are applied to objects of
different mass: 1.0 kilogram and 1.0 N;
1.0 kilogram and 2.0 N; 1.0 kilogram and
3.0 N; 2.0 kilograms and 1.0 N; 2.0 kilograms and 2.0 N; 2.0 kilograms and 3.0 N.
a. Create a table showing the mass,
force, and acceleration of each object.
b. Compare the effects of using the
same amount of force on objects of different masses.
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Cumulative Examination 2
b. Explain how soil develops. Be sure to
include references to
soil organisms
chemical weathering
physical weathering
leaching
38. You are fishing offshore for kingfish and
dolphin. You watch a wave pass a bottle
floating at the water’s surface.
a. Explain why the bottle does not
travel with the wave.
b. Diagram the movement of the water
particles to a depth equal to one-half the
wavelength. Be sure to show the diameters of the water particles and explain
the changes with increasing depth.