Draft
CGI Simple Lithology vocabulary 201001
Igneous material
silica content
Intermediate
composition igneous
material
Basic igneous
material
Acidic igneous
material
Tag 11/17/2009
Stephen M. Richard
Explanation of diagrams
This document is a ‘road map’ for the lithology
vocabulary used by the NGMDB geologic map
portal. The words in boxes with black outlines are
terms in the vocabulary. These are meant to be used
for specifying the rock types that compose a geologic unit. The concepts represented are handsample scale rock types to be treated as material
constituents of a geologic unit.
In each diagram, flow is generally from more general to more specific categories from top to bottom.
A green-dashed-line box indicates that categories within that box are mutually
exclusive, e.g. Carbonate sedimentary rock has two groups of subcategories-one group defined based on depositional fabric, and a second group defined
based on mineralogy. The green-text label specifies the property used to
distinguish subcategories within the associated green-dashed-line box.
Carbonate sedimentary rock
depositional fabric and mineralogic categorization is largely independent; full
category scheme would have to convolve these.
depostional fabric
Carbonate
boundstone
Carbonate
grainstone
Carbonate
mudstone
Containment of a boxed group within another boxed group indicates subcategories, e.g. Carbonate sedimentary rock is a kind of Sedimentary rock, and
Carbonate packstone is a kind of Carbonate sedimentary rock. In some
cases for which only one subcategory is included, or there is no unifying
property used to define subcategories, stacking of black-outline boxes in
direct contact is used to represent ‘Kind-of’ or subcategory relationship.
Carbonate
packstone
Carbonate
framestone
This vocabulary includes slightly larger collection of
terms than GeoSciML draft lithology vocabulary.
Intention is to keep this vocabulary synchronized
with GeoSciML vocabulary, such that more specific
terms that are included in NGMDB portal vocabulary,
will always map to concepts in GeoSciML vocabulary unambiguously.
Carbonate
wackestone
mineralogy
Dolomitic or magnesian
sedimentary rock
Calcareous carbonate
rock
Other usage rules are specified in notes on the diagrams.
Anthropogenic
material
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Page 2
If more than 10 percent kalsilite or melilite is
present, classify as exotic alkalic igneousrock
Use composition-based basic and acidic
instead of color-based felsic and mafic
Exotic alkalic
igneous rock
Alkali feldspar rhyolite
Breccia may be composite (impact
or fault-related), igneous, or
sedimentary
Rock
Ultramafic igneous rock
Kimberlite,
lamproite,
lamprophyre
Peridotite
Pyroxenite
any igneous rock with greater
than 60 percent quartz
(More than 90 percent mafic minerals)
Anorthosite
Andesite
Rhyolite
Granitoid
Basalt
Alkali
Granite
Dioritoid
Tonalite
Foid bearing latite
Foid bearing trachyte
Quartz diorite
Monzodioritic rock
Quartz monzodiorite
Diorite
Monzodiorite
Foid bearing diorite
Foid bearing monzodiorite
Dioritic rock
charnokitic rocks go in granitic rock category
Latite
Trachyte
Granodiorite
Monzogranite
Syenogranite
Quartz latite
Quartz trachyte
Tephritoid
Phonolitoid
Phonolite Tephritic phonolite
Anthropogenic unconsolidated Natural unconsolidated
material
material
Tephra
Granite
Syenitoid
Genesis
Composite genesis rock
Impact
Metamorphic rock
metamorphic rock
Foid bearing anorthosite
Latitic rock
Trachytic rock
Alkali feldspar trachytic rock
Quartz alkali feldspar trachyte
Anorthositic rock
Quartz anorthosite
Dacite
Alkali feldspar syenitic rock
Quartz alkali feldspar syenite
Tephrite
Basanite
Phonolitic tephrite
Phonolitic basanite
Alkali feldspar syenite
Foid bearing alkali feldspar syenite
Foiditoid
Foidite
Sediment
Basanitic foidite
Tephritic foidite Phonolitic foidite
fine-grained categories include both mineralogically defined
categories and most closely corresponding TAS categories
Quartz syenite
Syenite
Monzonite
Foid bearing syenite
Foid bearing monzonite
Syenitic rock
Foid dioritoid
Foid syenitoid
Foid syenite
Gabbroid
Monzonitic rock
Quartz monzonite
Foid monzosyenite
Foid diorite
Foid monzodiorite
Quartz gabbro
Monzogabbroic rock
Quartz monzogabbro
Gabbro
Monzogabbro
Foid bearing gabbro
Foid bearing monzogabbro
Gabbroic rock
Foid gabbroid
Foid gabbro
Foid monzogabbro
Foidolite
If melilite or kalsilite is more abundant than feldspathoid phases, rock would be classified
as ‘Exotic alkalic rock’
genesis, composition
Carbonate sedimentary material
Clastic sedimentary
material
Calcareous carbonate sedimentaary
material
Organic rich
sedimentary material
Evaporite
Dolomitic or magnesian sedimentary
material
Rock
Salt
Non clastic siliceous
sedimentary material
Other
Evaporite
Gypsum or
Anhydrite
Sediment
composition
These composition categories overlap with
chemical and biogenic categories in genesis
categorization scheme.
Iron rich sediment
Carbonate sediment
Impure carbonate
sediment
Calcareous carbonate sediment
Dolomitic sediment
Pure calcareous carbonate
sediment
Phosphate rich
sediment
Chemical sedimentary
material
genesis
Pure carbonate
sediment
Peat
Iron rich sedimentary
material
Consolidation
Composite genesis rock
Genesis
mineralogy
Organic rich sediment
Phosphate rich
sedimentary material
Composite genesis material
Impure calcareous carbonate
sediment
Biogenic sediment
Carbonate mud
Ooze
Carbonate sand
Impure
dolomitic
sediment
sorting, genesis
Diamicton
grain size
grain size
includes magnesian sediment
Pure dolomitic
sediment
Clastic sediment
Chemical sediment
Mud
Sand
Silt
Clay
mineralogy
Carbonate rich mud
Gravel
Silicate mud
Pebble
Gravel
Cobble Boulder
gravel gravel
Metamorphic rock
Material formed in surficial environment
Duricrust
fabric
Hornfels Granofels
silcrete, calcrete, etc.
Bauxite
Foliated metamorphic rock
fabric
Residual Material
genesis
Gneiss
Orthogneiss
Carbonate gravel
Paragneiss
Non clastic siliceous
sediment
Clastic sedimentary rock
grain size
fabric
Shale
Sandstone
Mudstone
presence of silt
Silt-bearing
mudstone
Claystone
mineralogy
Silicate
mudstone
Diamictite
sorting, genesis
Schist
Mica schist
Mylonitic rock
soil, grus, residuum, laterite
Phyllonite
Phyllite
Slate
Sedimentary rock
Conglomerate
Metasomatic rock
Metamorphic rock is kind of Composite genesis rock; other categories here do not specify consolidation state.
grain size
Sedimentary material
Consolidation
Carbonate
rich mudstone
Wackestone
undiscernible matrix
terrigineous clastic carbonate rocks are included in Clastic sedimentary category
fabric and mineralogic categories of
metamorphic rock are overlapping
mineralogy
composition
Carbonate sedimentary rock
depositional fabric and mineralogic categorization is largely independent; full category scheme
would have to convolve these.
depostional fabric
Crystalline
carbonate
Boundstone
Framestone
Carbonate
wackestone
Grainstone
Carbonate
mudstone
Pure carbonate sedimentary rock
Pure calcareous carbonate
sedimentary rock
Chalk
Pure dolomitic carbonate
sedimentary rock
Organic rich
sedimentary rock
Lignite
Coal
Packstone
mineralogy
Calcareous carbonate
sedimentary rock
Amphibolite
Dolomitic or magnesian
sedimentary rock
Impure carbonate sedimentary rock
Impure dolomitic or magnesian
sedimentary rock
Impure calcareous carbonate
sedimentary rock
Iron rich sedimentary rock
Phosphorite
Non-clastic siliceous
sedimentary rock
siliceous sinter, exhalite
deposits, chert of
uncertain origin
Biogenic silica
sedimentary rock
biogenic cherts (radiolarian,
spicularite), diatomite and
related diagenitic products)
Eclogite
Chlorite actinolite epidote
metamorphic rock
Marble
Serpentinite
Quartzite
Glaucophane lawsonite
epidote metamorphic rockmetamorphic rock
Migmatite
Granulite
Fault-related material
Cataclasite series
Impact metamorphic
rock
Tephra
Ash breccia, bomb,
or block tephra
Quartz rich igneous rock
Hornblendite
Phaneritic igneous rock
Trachytoid
Unconsolidated material
Sedimentary rock
Ash tuff, lapillistone,
and lapilli tuff
Tuff-breccia, agglomerate,
or pyroclastic breccia
Komatiitic rock
Overlaps several fine-grained
Doleritic rock and phaneritic igneous rock
types (below), typically in dikes
or sills.
Exotic alkaline
rock
Alkali feldspar trachyte
Igneous rock
grain size
Pyroclastic rock
Grain size, mineralogy
Rhyolitoid
Breccia
Page 4
grain size
High magnesia igneous rock
Grain size is not specified for these categories
includes intrusive breccia
Pyroclastic material
Acidic
igneous rock
unusual or exotic igneous rock types may overlap with other composition based categories, but are
distinguished based on textural and mineralogical criteria
Foid bearing alkali feldspar trachyte
Genesis
too fine-grained to
determine genesis
Intermediate
composition igneous
rock
Basic
igneous rock
Fine-grained igneous rock
Consolidation
Aphanite
Ultrabasic
igneous rock
Streckeisen-based mineralogical categories overlap
with composition and grainsize-texture categories
Composite
genesis material
Sedimentary
material
Igneous
material
consolidation
(less than 90 percent mafic minerals)
consolidation not specified
Genesis
Aplite Pegmatite
porphyry may be finegrained or phaneritic
silica content
Carbonatite
NADM C1 (2004) CompoundMaterial subsumes all
categories included.
Fragmental igneous material
Crystalline igneous rock
Glassy igneous rock
Kalsilite- or melilitebearing igneous rocks
Compound material
Porphyry
Exotic composition igneous rock
Definitions or scope notes for categories
are in accompanying text document.
Note that rocks in any of these categories may also be assigned to a silica content or mineralogy category.
these categories have no compositional denotation
Igneous rock
All terms in solid-black-line boxes are lithology categories; Terms not in
boxes are used for identifying sub vocabularies.
Sedimentary rock
Crystalline
carbonate
Grain size, texture
Consolidation
Breccia-gouge
series
Ash and lapilli