Body Works
Written by Bridie Dickson
Body Works
Body Works
Text type: Explanation
Level: M (23)
Word count: 770
Content vocabulary
alive blood body bones brain breathe cells ears exercise eyes fit healthy
hearing heart lungs muscles oxygen pulse pupil skeleton skin
Uncommon phonics
blood breathe heart height learn muscles pupil straight through
Curriculum links
• Science: Living things – human bodies
• Personal development and health: Keeping well
Key concepts
• The human body is made up of many parts that work together.
• You can look after your body by eating healthy food and exercising.
Possible reading strategy
• Reading fluently, attending to punctuation and line breaks
Paired book
The Mystery Trip
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Written by Bridie Dickson
Contents Introduction
4
Your heart
6
Your lungs
8
Your skeleton 10
Your muscles 12
Your brain
14
Your skin
16
Your eyes
18
Your ears
20
Conclusion22
Introduction Your body has many different parts. These parts work together to keep you alive. They enable your body to do things such as breathe, move, think, feel, see,
and hear.
This book will help you to learn about how
your body works.
4
5
Your heart
Your body has a heart that is beating all the time. Each time your heart beats, it pumps blood around your body. When you are resting, your heart beats between 60 and 100 times per minute. Try this …
Put two fingers on your neck, just under your jaw, to find your pulse. Your pulse shows how fast your heart is beating. Count how many times you feel your pulse beat in one minute. heart
Now run for one minute. Count your
pulse again. What do you notice?
Why do you think it has changed?
6
7
Your lungs
Your body needs oxygen to stay alive. It gets oxygen by breathing in air. Air goes in through your nose and put oxygen into your blood, and your Try this ...
heart pumps blood around your body.
Count how many mouth and into your lungs. The lungs Try this …
times you breathe in and out in one minute. Count how many times you breathe Now run for one minute.
in and out in a minute. lungs
Count how many times you breathe Now run for a minute.
in and out in one minute now. Count how many times you breathe What do you notice? Why do you
in and out in a minute now. think it has changed?
What do you notice? What do you think has changed and why?
8
9
Your skeleton Your body has bones
a rm spa n
that fit toget her to make a frame
called a skeleton. Your skeleton gives Try this …
your body its shape Stand up straight. Use a piece of and it also protects string to measure your height. Use your heart, lungs, another piece of string to measure brain, and other
your arm span. Put the two pieces internal organs.
of string together.
What do you notice? Are your height and arm span the same length or are skeleton
10
they different?
11
Your muscles
Your body has muscles. Most muscles are attached to bones and help your body to move. Muscles move your bones when
you do things like running, jumping,
or swimming.
Other muscles, such as your heart and the
muscles that help you breathe, work all the
time to keep you alive.
muscles under
your skin
skin
Try this …
Hold a friend’s arm. Ask your
friend to close his or her hand tightly and then to open it again.
What can you feel? Can you feel the
muscles working?
12
13
Your brain
Your brain controls your body and makes
your muscles move. When you are running, your brain makes your heart beat faster so more blood is pumped around your body.
Your brain allows you to store information so that you can learn, solve problems, and remember. Your brain also controls
your feelings. brain
Try this …
Place five objects on a table.
Ask a friend to look at them.
After five seconds, cover the objects. Can your friend name the objects?
Now you try it. How many objects
can you remember?
14
15
Your skin
This is what your skin looks like up close.
Your body is covered with skin. Your skin stops germs and dirt from getting into
hair
your body.
Your skin can feel if something is too hot
or too cold. Your skin stretches so that your body can move. flakes
of skin
The skin on your body is being replaced all the time. As skin cells die, new cells
are made to replace them. Try this …
Stand in the sun. Rub the back of your hand or leg.
skin
What do you notice?
Some of the tiny specks floating in the sunlight are dead skin cells.
16
17
Your eyes
Your eyes allow you to see. Light enters
back of your eye, and a message is sent
Try this …
to your brain. Your brain then figures
Look at your out what you are looking at. pupils in a mirror. your eye through the pupil, goes to the
Close your eyes and count to 20. Take your hands away and look at your pupils.
What do you notice?
pupil
back of eye
goes into your eyes. In bright light, light
your pupils become smaller to let in less light. When it is dark, your pupils lens
message
sent to
brain
18
Your pupils control how much light become bigger to let in as much light as possible.
19
Your ears
Your ears allow you to hear sound. Sounds enter your ears and a message is sent to your brain. Your brain then figures out what sounds you are hearing and where they came from. Try this …
Ask a friend to close his or her eyes.
message is sent to brain
Hit two pencils together in front of your friend. Then do it to the side of your friend and behind your friend.
Ask your friend to point to where the
sounds are coming from.
sound enters your ear
eardrum
20
Can your friend tell where the sounds are coming from?
21
Conclusion
Your body is growing and changing all
the time. It does this without you thinking
about it. You can help look after your
body by eating healthy food and getting
lots of exercise.
22
23
Parts of your body
FLYING START TO LITERACY
FLUENT STAGE
Chapter books
brain
eyes
Level K
(19–20)
Level L
(21–22)
FLUENT PLUS STAGE
Chapter books
Level M
(23–24)
Level N
(25–26)
Level O
(27–28)
ears
Level K (19) Paired books
lungs
heart
Amazing Gardens
The Giant's Garden
Polar Bears
A Bear Called Trouble
Level K (20) Paired books
skeleton
Looking After Tide Pools
The Smart Little Crab
Driver Ants
Killer Ants
Level L (21) Paired books
Animals That Store Food
A Tale of Two Squirrels
I Am an Inventor
Gabby's Fast Ride
Level L (22) Paired books
muscles
The Right Tools for the Job
Arnold Saves the Day
The First Flight
The Balloon Adventure
Level M (23) Paired books
skin
Body Works
The Mystery Trip
Built By Hand
Dr. Zardos and the Mind Stone
Level M (24) Paired books
24
Living in Space
Space Camp
Marathon Journal
The Marathon Man
Level P
(29–30)
Flying Start to Literacy: Level M (23)