Name:___________________________ Period:_______
PRACTICE TEST FOR UNIT 4: OCEANS
1. _____________________ often leads to "algal blooms" in oceans, which, in turn, result in the death of fish due to
low oxygen concentrations in the water.
A. Cultural eutrophication
B. Ocean Acidification
C. Global warming
D. Both (A) and (B)
E. (A), (B), & (C)
2. Which of the following marine ecosystems has the highest productivity per unit area?
a. estuaries
b. benthic ecosystems
c. open ocean
d. seashores
e. coral reef
3. Upwellings
a. cause the death of phytoplankton.
b. result in small populations of seabirds.
c. produce conditions that kill a large number of fish.
d. are highly productive areas.
e. none of these answers
4. During an El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO),
a. prevailing easterly winds weaken.
b. surface water along the South and North American coasts becomes
cooler.
c. upwellings of cold, nutrient-rich water are suppressed.
d. upwellings of warm, nutrient-poor water are suppressed.
e. upwellings of cold, nutrient-rich water are increased.
5. The deepest part of the ocean is the
a. abyssal zone.
b. euphotic zone.
c. estuary zone.
d. bathyal zone.
e. benthic zone.
6. Put the following examples of aquatic organisms in order based on this food chain:
Zooplankton → nekton→ benthos
a. jellyfish→ turtles→ clams
b. oysters→ turtles→ algae
c. algae→ lobsters→ whales
d. single celled protozoa→ clams→ crabs
e. plankton→ turtles→ lobsters
____7. Choose the zone close to shore in which light
reaches all the way to the bottom.
_____8. Choose the zone primarily inhabited by
invertebrates such as decomposers that can live
in low oxygen.
_____9. Choose the zone of open water where
photosynthesis can occur.
_____10. Choose the zone that is usually cold and barely
penetrated by sunlight
11. Which of the following is an example of a non-point pollution source?
a) A smoke-stack at a coal- burning power plant.
b) An automobile junk yard.
c) A drain-pipe coming from a paint manufacturing factory.
d) Runoff of nitrogen fertilizers from an agriculture area.
e) The chimney on a hospital incinerator.
12. The majority of oil pollution in the ocean comes from…
A. Blowouts (rupture of a borehole of an oil rig in the ocean)
B. Oil tanker spills and accident
C. Storm water runoff from land
D. Routine maintenance of offshore wells
E. Natural seeps and erosion
13. What are three of the most common methods employed to clean up oil spills?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Aeration of water, skimmer boats, and chemical dispersants
Aeration of water, phytoremediation, and genetically engineered bacteria
Skimmer boats, high temperature incineration, and phytoremediation
Large floating booms, high temperature incineration, and phytoremediation
Large floating booms, skimmer boats, and chemical dispersants
14. Estuaries Exhibit
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Constant temperature and salinity.
Constant temperature and variable salinity.
Variable temperature and constant salinity.
Variable temperature and salinity
No salinity
15. The depletion of the world’s marine fish stocks due to overfishing is a classic example of:
a) The sustainable use of resources.
b) The trap-door principle.
c) The failure of international treaties.
d) The eminent domain principle.
e) The tragedy of the commons.
16. A substance with a pH of 6.5 is _______________ than a substance with a pH of 3.5
a) 30 times more basic
b) 100 times more acidic
c) 3 times less acidic
d) 1000 times more basic
e) 1000 times more acidic
17. The ecosystems with the world’s highest net primary productivity (NPP) per unit area are located in which
part of the ocean?
A. Euphotic zone
B. Abyssal zone
C. Bathyal zone
D. Coastal zone
E. Benthic zone
18. Salmon farming (aquaculture) results in all of the following except…
A. Increasing the need to add ladders or bypasses for migrating salmon
B. Transfer of sea lice from farmed salmon to wild salmon.
C. Resource competition between farmed and wild salmon
D. Increased susceptibility to diseases due to genetic uniformity
E. Pollution of surrounding ocean with waste and excess feed
19. Which of the following is an economic approach to reduce overfishing?
A. Reducing and regulating bycatch levels
B. Eliminating all fishing subsidies
C. Reducing the number of invasive species
D. Improving enforcement of harvest regulations
E. Limiting the number of fishing licenses
20. Eutrophication results in the death of trout and other fish as a result of
A. toxic pH levels in the water
B. asphyxiation from lack of oxygen
C. toxic levels of mercury in the water
D. toxic concentrations of salt in the water
E. A lack of sufficient minerals in the water
Questions 21-22 refer to the information and chart below.
In 1997, the World Resources Institute estimated the world’s proven oil reserves to be 1,000 billion barrels
and the ultimately recoverable reserves to be 2,000 billion barrels. The table below shows the world
consumption of oil from 1986 to 1997.
Year
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
Consumption (million barrels per day)
62
63
65
66
66
67
67
67
68
70
72
74
21. At the 1997 rate of consumption, about how long will the estimated 2,000 billion barrels of oil last?
A. 25 years
B. 50 years
C. 75 years
D. 200 years
E. 500 years
22. What was the approximate percent increase in consumption from 1986 to 1997?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 50%
E. 80%
23. Which of the following characteristically produces non-point-source pollution?
A. seepage from a landfill
B. industrial effluent
C. testing of nuclear weapons
D. Erosion from agricultural lands
E. overflow from a sewage treatment plant
24. In the diagram above, the salt water is under the freshwater because
A. it is colder since it is coming from the ocean
B. it is warmer since it is coming from the ocean
C. it is more dense than fresh water
D. it is less dense than fresh water
E. it is less turbid than freshwater
25. In which part of the world does El Nino impact the weather?
A. the continental United States
B. Australia
C. the tropics
D. South America
E. all of these are impacted in an El Nino year