Velindre Cancer Centre Environmental Statement
Vol.1: Environmental Statement Text
Chapter 12: Residual Impacts and Cumulative Impacts
Draft - March 2017
Prepared by:
Address:
Email:
Website:
Mott McDonald, The Urbanists and HLM
The Urbanists, The Creative Quarter, 8A Morgan Arcade, Cardiff, CF10 1AF, United Kingdom
[email protected] / [email protected]
www.theurbanists.net
Issue date
March 2017
-
Drawing status
DRAFT
-
Revision2Author
MF / LH
Checked by
MF / LH
-
-
All plans within this document are reproduced from Ordnance Survey with permission of the controller of Her
Majesty’s Stationary Office (C) Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and
may lead to prosecution/civil proceedings. Licence No 100054593.
CHAPTER 12
RESIDUAL IMPACTS AND CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
CHAPTER 12
RESIDUAL IMPACTS and cumulative impacts
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
12.1
INTRODUCTION
12:1
12.2
RESIDUAL IMPACTS
12:1
12.3
CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
12:5
Velindre NHS Trust
Velindre Cancer Centre
CHAPTER 12
RESIDUAL IMPACTS and cumulative impacts
12
RESIDUAL IMPACTS AND CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
12.1
Introduction
12.1.1
This chapter summarises the likely residual impacts of the proposed development and the cumulative
impact of the development alongside other development proposals as identified in Chapter 6 to
Chapter 11.
12.2
Residual Impacts
12.2.1
The likely residual impacts of the development are summarised in the below tables.
Ecology
Table 12.1: Summary of ecological residual impacts
Receptor
Residual Impact
Glamorgan Canal / Long Wood Site of
Special Scientific Interest
Low magnitude at the Local level during construction
and operation.
Glamorgan Canal Local Nature Reserve
Medium magnitude at the County level during
construction and operation.
Whitchurch Green Field Site of Importance
for Nature Conservation
High magnitude at the County level during
construction and operation.
Forest Farm Country Park
Low magnitude at the Site level during construction
and operation.
Coryton Herony Site of Importance for Nature
Conservation
Negligible magnitude during construction and
operation.
LBAP habitat: Lowland meadows
Medium magnitude at a County level during
construction and operation.
LBAP habitat: Semi-natural LBAP habitat
Medium magnitude at a County level during
construction and operation.
Notable habitats: Dense continuous scrub
Negligible during construction and operation during
construction and operation.
Species: Birds
Low magnitude at a Local level during construction
and operation.
Species: Bats
Low magnitude at a Local level during construction
and operation.
Species: Reptiles
Medium magnitude at a Local Level during
construction and operation.
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RESIDUAL IMPACTS and cumulative impacts
Species of Principal Importance
Low magnitude at a Local level during construction
and operation.
Eco System Services
Low magnitude at a Local level during construction
and operation.
Transport
Table 12.2: Summary of transport residual impacts
Receptor
Residual Impact
Construction Access
Driver delay
Negligible effect.
Pedestrian delay
Minor temporary effect.
Fear and intimidation and pedestrian amenity
Minor temporary effect.
Accidents
Negligible effect.
Hazardous loads
Minor temporary effect.
Operational Traffic: Longwood Drive Roundabout
Driver delay
Negligible effect.
Pedestrian delay
Negligible effect.
Fear and intimidation and pedestrian amenity
Negligible effect.
Accidents
Negligible effect.
Hazardous loads
Negligible effect.
Operational Traffic: Coryton Gyratory
Driver delay
Minor negative effect.
Pedestrian delay
Not applicable
Fear and intimidation and pedestrian amenity
Not applicable
Accidents
Negligible effect
Hazardous loads
Not applicable
Severance
Not applicable
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RESIDUAL IMPACTS and cumulative impacts
Air Quality
Table 12.3: Summary of air quality residual impacts
Receptor
Residual Impact
Adjacent residential properties
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Other adjacent ecological features
Noise
Table 12.4: Summary of noise residual impacts
Receptor
Residual Impact
Adjacent residential properties.
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Proposed Velindre Cancer Centre
Negligible effects during the operation of the
development.
Cultural Heritage
Table 12.5: Summary of noise residual impacts
Receptor
Residual Impact
‘Coryton House and Gardens’ grade II
Historic Park and Garden
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Whitchurch Hospital’ grade II Historic Park
and Garden
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Eight grade II listed buildings within the
Whitchurch Hospital grounds
Negligible effects during the operation of the
development.
Towpath bridge of Glamorganshire Canal,
Grade II Listed Building
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Cardiff Railway Line
Negligible effects from the construction and
operation of the development.
Cardiff Tram Line
Negligible effects during the operation of the
development.
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RESIDUAL IMPACTS and cumulative impacts
Unknown buried heritage assets
Slight adverse effect during the construction of the
development (if buried assets are present).
Landscape and Visual
Table 12.6: Summary of landscape and visual residual impacts
Receptor
Residual Impact
Local Landscape Character Area 1: Enclosed
Remnant Pasture (Low sensitivity)
Moderate adverse magnitude of change. Moderately
significant effect.
Local Landscape Character Area 2: Mature
Woodland (Low sensitivity)
Moderate adverse magnitude of change. No
significant effect.
Local Landscape Character Area 3:
Recreation Land (Medium sensitivity)
Negligible magnitude of change. No significant effect.
Local Landscape Character Area 4: River
Floodplain (High sensitivity)
Negligible magnitude of change. No significant effect.
Viewpoint 1: Longwood Drive at entrance to
Asda retail park (High sensitivity)
Neutral magnitude of effect. No significant effect.
Viewpoint 2: Local Nature Reserve/ Site of
Special Scientific Interest overlooking
disused railway corridor (High sensitivity)
Neutral magnitude of effect. No significant effect.
Viewpoint 3: Local Nature Reserve looking
across the large meadow (High sensitivity)
Slight adverse magnitude of effect. No significant
effect.
Viewpoint 4: Local Nature Reserve looking
across the small meadow (High sensitivity)
Moderate adverse magnitude of effect. Significant
effect.
Viewpoint 5: Western footpath looking across
the site (High sensitivity)
Slight adverse magnitude of effect. No significant
effect.
Viewpoint 6: Southern Footpath from PRoW
Whitchurch No. 11 (High sensitivity)
Slight adverse magnitude of effect. No significant
effect.
Viewpoint 7: Southeastern Footpath adjacent
to Whitchurch Hospital tennis courts (High
sensitivity)
Major adverse magnitude of effect. Significant effect.
Viewpoint 8: Southeastern Footpath west of
Clos Coed Hir (High sensitivity)
Major adverse magnitude of effect. Significant effect.
Viewpoint 9: Hollybush Estate Footpath (Low
sensitivity)
Slight adverse magnitude of effect. No significant
effect.
Viewpoint 10: Clos Coed Hir (High sensitivity)
Neutral magnitude of effect. No significant effect.
Viewpoint 11: Entrance to Whitchurch
Hospital campus (High sensitivity)
Neutral magnitude of effect. No significant effect.
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RESIDUAL IMPACTS and cumulative impacts
12.3
Viewpoint 12: Whitchurch Hospital, main
building (High sensitivity)
Neutral magnitude of effect. No significant effect.
Visual Receptor 1: Heol Coed Hir (High
sensitivity)
Minor adverse magnitude of effect. Moderately
significant effect.
Visual Receptor 2: Hollybush Estate,
residential tower block of apartments (High
sensitivity)
Moderate adverse effect. Significant effect.
Cumulative Impacts
Legislation
12.3.1
The EIA Regulations state that the cumulative impacts of a development on the environment, in terms
of likely significant effects, should be included in an ES where reasonably required to assess its overall
environmental effects.
12.3.2
EIA Guidance (Welsh Office Circular 11/99) states that local planning authorities should “…have
regard to the possible cumulative effects with any existing or approved development.” (par.46). The
European Commission Guidance (Assessment of Indirect and Cumulative Impacts etc., 1999) states
that cumulative impacts are: Impacts that result from incremental changes caused by other past,
present or reasonably foreseeable actions together with the project (p.7). EU Guidance advises that
the consideration of the impacts of future actions should be set at five years since there is too much
uncertainty associated with most development proposals beyond this timeframe (p.66)
Methodology
12.3.3
The cumulative effects of the project on the environment have been assessed through the following
stages: identification of potential geographical extent of possible cumulative impacts; review and
analysis of extant planning permissions and potential future development; each specialist assessment
undertaken as part of the EIA identified, analysed, and set out the cumulative impacts where they were
considered relevant.
Area of impact
12.3.4
The area of cumulative impact is the application site, plus the adjacent Whitchurch Hospital
development site, and the immediately surrounding area, which is identified as appropriate within the
respective specialist chapters of the ES.
Cumulative development
12.3.5
The Planning Statement and Chapter 3 identify the future development proposals that may have a
cumulative effect when taken into account with the proposed Velindre Cancer Centre, and which have
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RESIDUAL IMPACTS and cumulative impacts
been considered in each of the assessment chapters. These are further summarised below for
convenience. The visuals associated with each development are included in the Chapter 3 Figures.
Table 12.7 Potential Future Development
Proposed Development
Location
Summary status
Residential and mixed
use redevelopment
including leisure,
employment,
community, retail, and
playing fields
Application site, Whitchurch
Hospital area, and adjacent
sites
Original permission (LPA reference:
95/1195N) and was granted 30/07/01.
Renewed further five years for
submission of reserved matters to
30/07/11 (LPA reference: 05/02689/W)
approved 27/05/10. Renewed further
three years for submission of reserved
matters to 09/01/17 (LPA reference:
10/02301/DCO) approved 09/01/14.
Application not yet determined for a
further six years for submission of
reserved matters (LPA reference:
16/01530/MJR) submitted 23/06/16 and
approved subject to legal agreement.
Whitchurch Green
illustrative masterplan
Application site, Whitchurch
Hospital area, and adjacent
sites
No planning status (16/02976/MNR)
Erection of drive-through
coffee shop with
associated parking and
landscaping
Adjacent to Asda Petrol
Station off Longwood Drive
Planning permission granted 25/11/16
(LPA reference: 16/02186/MNR)
Extant planning permission for Residential and mixed use redevelopment including leisure,
employment, community, retail, and playing fields at Whitchurch Hospital and adjacent sites
Table 12.8: Development proposed in extant planning permission for the redevelopment of Whitchurch Hospital
Development Area
Development
Site A
None, grazing
Site B
None, landscape buffer
Site D & E
150 houses
(Only 65 houses considered in the cumulative assessments as 85 units
are located on the Cancer Centre site).
Site F
None, reserved as playing fields (cricket, hockey, football x2 and bowls)
Site G
800 sqm leisure
Site H
None, landscape
Page 12:6
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Site J
26,000 sqm of mixed use (consisting of 14,400 sqm of residential (180
flats); 2,600 sqm of office; 3,000 sqm of community; 1,000 sqm of
pub/restaurant; 1,500 sqm of retail and 3,500 sqm of community health).
Site K
200 bed hospital
Whitchurch Green illustrative masterplan
Table 12.9 Development proposed in the Whitchurch Green illustrative masterplan
Development Area
Development
1
90 dwellings plus 60-bed retirement home
2
100 dwellings
3
George Thomas Hospice
4
26,000 sqm of mixed use (consisting of 14,400 sqm of residential (180
flats); 2,600 sqm of office; 3,000 sqm of community; 1,000 sqm of
pub/restaurant; 1,500 sqm of retail and 3,500 sqm of community health)
5
Velindre Cancer Centre
6
21 dwellings
7
None, reserved as playing fields
Erection of drive-through coffee shop with associated parking and landscaping (Starbucks DriveThrough)
12.3.6
2
The development is proposed to be 169m , and include 20 parking spaces, 8 cycle parking spaces,
and a drive through vehicle route that can accommodate 6 waiting vehicles.
Limitations
12.3.7
When considering the cumulative impact of the development alongside the proposed redevelopment of
the Whitchurch Hospital site, there are limitations that should be noted in respect of both the extant
planning permission and the Whitchurch Green illustrative masterplan. These are outlined below.
Extant planning permission for the residual and mixed use redevelopment of Whitchurch Hospital
•
•
•
Not all of the permitted development can be considered in the cumulative assessment, since the
delivery of the new Velindre Cancer Centre would prevent the development of that extant
permission in its entirety;
The original planning permission was granted in July 2001 so it is uncertain whether the
development would still be delivered in the contemporary commercial context;
The likelihood of delivering the hospital that was proposed in that application is unclear, since the
proposed site was considered for the new Velindre Cancer centre but found to be too small to
deliver an appropriate scheme; and
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•
12.3.8
No technical information that was included in the original planning application to identify the
environmental impact of the proposals is available to use as the basis to identify a cumulative
assessment (assumptions have therefore been undertaken).
In light of these matters it is considered that limited weight should be afforded to the cumulative
impacts identified in each of the assessments.
Whitchurch Green illustrative masterplan
•
•
•
•
12.3.9
The development has no land use planning status, i.e. it is different from the extant outline
planning permission parameters in terms of land uses and amounts;
Velindre NHS Trust prepared the masterplan at the request of Cardiff City Council and the Design
Commission for Wales, but the Cardiff and Vale University Health Board own the majority of the
land. Its implementation, as set out in the document, is therefore uncertain;
The development included in the masterplan does not have planning permission, it is therefore
uncertain whether it would be delivered within five years. This is the period of time beyond which
cumulative impacts should not be considered due to the lack of accuracy and certainty, as set out
in European Commission Guidance (Assessment of Indirect and Cumulative Impacts etc., 1999);
and
No assessment of the environmental impact of the Whitchurch Green Masterplan has been
undertaken, so no technical information is available to use as the basis for undertaking the
cumulative assessment (assumptions have therefore been undertaken).
In light of the above it is considered that the cumulative assessments undertaken are limited and there
can be little weight afforded to the impacts identified.
It is considered more appropriate for the
cumulative impact of the development to be identified through the planning process associated with
the redevelopment of Whitchurch Hospital, when the environmental impacts of redeveloping the area
are known, and subject to planning permission being granted to the new Velindre Cancer Centre.
Cumulative Impacts
12.3.10
The cumulative impacts of the development are summarised in the below table.
Subject Chapter
Ecology
Cumulative Impact
It is not possible to accurately quantify the potential ecological impacts
of either proposed development as neither the extant planning
permission or the masterplan include detailed environmental
information. The Ecology Assessment therefore assumes that the
redevelopment of the Whitchurch Hospital grounds through either the
extant planning permission or the Whitchurch Green Masterplan would
likely have a similar ecological impact as the delivery of the proposed
development, since the site is adjacent to the LNR and SSSI, and
there are breeding birds, bats and reptiles that are known to be
located on and adjacent to the grounds. The Assessment notes that if
unmitigated, the redevelopment of the Hospital grounds would likely
combine with the proposed development to result in moderate
cumulative ecological impacts.
However, through suitable mitigation, the Assessment considers that
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the ecological impacts of the redevelopment of the grounds could be
minimised appropriately to acceptable levels. That the extant
permission for the redevelopment of the site was granted and then
subsequently extended supports this consideration. Subject to the
implementation of the appropriate mitigation (i.e. completion of
detailed ecological surveys and development of mitigation
recommendations likely to comprise; retention of trees and other
important habitat where possible, the provision of measures to
improve biodiversity, sensitive design of lighting and the completion of
surveys, treatment of invasive species, application of measures to
prevent the spread of tree disease, and adherence to protected
species licenses), the Assessment concludes that the cumulative
impacts of the proposed development and redeveloping the
Whitchurch Hospital grounds would be minor.
In respect of the Starbucks Drive-Through, the Assessment concludes
that there would be no cumulative ecological impacts, since the
location of the Starbucks Drive-Through adjacent to an existing ASDA
Petrol Station would likely result in it having a negligible ecological
impacts. This is supported by the fact that the Starbucks application
was not required to provide any detailed ecological surveys in order to
gain planning approval. Furthermore, Longwood Drive would also
largely disconnect the Starbucks from the proposed development and
its area of ecological impact. Any impacts would therefore be
isolated.
Transport
The residual transport impacts of the proposed development are
based on modelling that includes conservative traffic growth factors for
the local area that include for predicted development, like the
redevelopment of the Whitchurch Hospital grounds. In light of the
residual impacts identified in the Transport Assessment, the proposed
development and redevelopment of the Whitchurch Hospital would
have no cumulative impact on the Longwood Drive Roundabout (which
would be within capacity), and a minor negative cumulative impact on
the Coryton Gyratory, parts of which would be over capacity by 2032
(if no upgrades were undertaken). It should be noted, however, that
traffic flows are likely to reach peak capacity and exceed desirable
capacity by this date regardless of the proposed development. The
Highway Authority is aware of the forecast and has not requested
mitigation from the development. No cumulative impact from the
developments is likely on local roads, since the respective access
routes to the proposed development are isolated from the Whitchurch
Hospital redevelopment site, where access would be via Park Road
and Velindre Road.
The planning application for the Starbucks Drive-Through states that
the development would not generate any additional trips but rather rely
on existing flows. The proposed development and the Starbucks
would therefore have no cumulative impact.
Significant cumulative transport impacts from the construction of each
of the developments are unlikely, as simultaneous construction is
unlikely, particularly in the case of the proposed development and
redevelopment of Whitchurch Hospital (refer to the limitations
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previously cited). Furthermore, if construction did take place
simultaneously significant cumulative impacts could be avoided by
each development implementing modern ‘best practice’ construction
management techniques, and undertaking construction in accord with
a Construction Traffic Management Plan.
Noise and Vibration
During the operational phase of each development, cumulative
impacts are unlikely. The Noise Assessment uses the traffic data
included in the Transport Assessment to identify the noise impact of
operational traffic, which includes the future growth factors (including
the redevelopment of the Whitchurch Hospital). The Noise
Assessment identifies that the noise impact of operational traffic, and
thus cumulative impact, would be negligible. As the Starbucks DriveThrough would not generate additional trips, there would also be no
cumulative noise impact from operational traffic. Cumulative noise
from fixed plant in each of the developments are also unlikely as each
of the developments would be subject to criteria set out by Cardiff City
Council and would be designed (if applicable) to achieve the
operational noise limits so that the cumulative noise impact of fixed
plant would be negligible.
Significant cumulative noise impacts from the construction of each
development are unlikely, as simultaneous construction is unlikely,
particularly in the case of the proposed development and
redevelopment of Whitchurch Hospital (refer to the limitations
previously cited). Furthermore, if construction did take place
simultaneously, significant cumulative noise would be avoided through
each development implementing modern ‘best practice’ construction
management techniques, and also by each contractor liaising with the
other to avoid simultaneously undertaking particularly noisy
construction activities in close proximity to sensitive receptors.
Air Quality
During the operational phase of each development, cumulative
impacts are unlikely. As per the Noise Assessment, the Air Quality
Assessment uses the traffic data considered in the Transport
Assessment that includes the future growth factors (including the
redevelopment of the Whitchurch Hospital) to identify the likely air
quality impact of the development’s operational traffic. The
Assessment identifies that operational development traffic and future
predicted traffic levels in the area would have a negligible air quality
impact. The assessment also included a sensitivity check, multiplying
predicted future traffic by up to 3 times. The results of this check
indicated negligible impact on air quality. There would therefore be no
cumulative air quality impact from operational vehicles associated with
the proposed development and Whitchurch Hospital redevelopment.
As the Starbucks Drive-Through would not result in any additional
trips, the proposed development and the Starbucks would also have
no cumulative air quality impact.
Significant cumulative air quality impacts from the construction of each
development are unlikely, as simultaneous construction is unlikely to
arise (refer to the limitations previously cited). Furthermore, if
construction did take place simultaneously significant cumulative
impacts would remain unlikely if modern construction management
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techniques to minimise the spread of dust are implemented and
modern (low emission), well-maintained plant are used.
Culture and Heritage
The redevelopment of the Whitchurch Hospital grounds could result in
negative impact on the designated heritage features if appropriate
mitigation is not implemented during the redevelopment process and
the development is not designed in a manner that is sensitive to the
heritage assets. However, it is considered that suitable mitigation and
a sensitive design approach (as proposed in the Whitchurch Green
Masterplan) can be implemented throughout the redevelopment
process to retain the character of the assets and ensure that impacts
are limited and acceptable. That the extant permission for the
redevelopment of the site was granted and then subsequently
extended supports this consideration. In light of the above, and
given that the culture and heritage impact of the proposed
development would be negligible, the Culture and Heritage
Assessment concludes that the cumulative impact of the proposed
development and the redevelopment of the Whitchurch Hospital would
not be significant.
The cumulative impact of the proposed development alongside the
development of the Starbucks Drive-Through would also not be
significant, since the location of the Starbucks would also likely result
in negligible impact on culture and heritage given its proposed located
on an operational petrol filling site.
Landscape and Visual
Impact
The delivery of the proposed hospital development alongside the
redevelopment of the wider Whitchurch Hospital campus would result
in negligible cumulative landscape and visual impact. The mixed-use
nature of the existing Whitchurch Hospital campus would likely be
retained within any future redevelopment and whilst the density and
distribution of land uses would be increased and altered, the visual
and physical connectivity with the proposed hospital would not be
greatly increased. Future development directly south of the proposed
hospital would likely be low density, domestic in scale and retain the
recreational land and the “wildlife corridor”, which would filter views
and limit any potential intervisibility. Furthermore, the larger scale
development plots are proposed on brownfield sites in the south of the
Whitchurch Hospital campus, and would likely not be afforded
intervisibility with the proposed hospital, given the level nature of the
land, the distance across the hospital campus and the likely screening
provided by the listed hospital buildings and the large mature trees.
The delivery of the proposed development alongside the Starbucks
Drive-Through would also result in negligible cumulative landscape
and visual impact as the Starbucks would be approximately 400m
from the main site area and would not be inter-visible due to
intervening vegetation in the Local Nature Reserve.
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