Name ____________________________
Subsistence Agriculture
Chapter 4 TEKS
VS
Sequence ______
Market-Oriented (Commercial) Agriculture
Farming is done to meet the immediate family needs
Farming is done to produce food to sell in a market
Labor force consists of a family or small group
Labor force varied - a family, group, or hired laborers
Family or group is nearly self-sufficient; they produce
what they need
Farmers/buyers are interdependent; farmers earn money
by selling their products and then buy what they need
Africa, Latin America, and Asia
North America and Europe
Cottage Industries
VS
Commercial Industries
Family/small group produces goods for market
Many hired laborers produce goods to be sold at market
Work is done in the home
Work is done in a factory or other location
Production of goods is on a small scale
Production of goods is on a large scale.
Family meets their basic needs by producing some of
what they need and buying the rest.
Workers meet their basic needs by using
money earned to buy what they need.
Cottage industries employ a few people
Employ a large number of people throughout the world
!1. !In subsistence agriculture, workers produce ____
A. only enough food to meet their own needs.
B. only organically grown foods.
C. much more food than they need to subsist.
D. only foods that are dietary requirements
2. In commercial agriculture, farmers are dependent on ____
A. the government.
B. buyers.
C. pesticides.
3. In cottage industries, workers produce goods in ____
A. factories.
B. large groups of cottages.
D. price controls.
C. private homes.
4. A key/main difference between cottage & commercial industries is ____
A. the scale of production.
C. the quality of goods produces.
B. the price of goods produces.
D. the cost of labor.
MIGRATION
The population of the place of destination increases.
/
The population of the place of origin decreases.
The age and sex structure of the immigrant group changes the population structure in both the destination and origin
areas. Emigrant groups often consist largely of young singles. Therefore, the place of origin loses young members of
childbearing age, resulting in an aging population. The place of destination often has an increase in births, resulting
in a reduction in the average age of the society.
The migrating group may adopt many cultural practices of the place of destination.
The migrating group may overwhelm/dominate the native group and impose its culture on the native area.
The two cultures may mix to varying degrees.
WAR
The population of all societies involved in the war decreases. Often there is a disproportionate decrease in the
number of young males.
The invading group may completely wipe out the conquered group or destroy much of its cultural heritage.
The invading group may impose its culture on the conquered group. Occasionally, the invading group is assimilated
into the conquered society.
5.
When a large group of people migrate to another area, the place of origin population tends ____
A. to become younger.
B. to become older.
C. to increase.
6.
Which of the following is not a typical effect of migration? ____
A. Mixing of cultures in the place of destination
B. Domination of one culture over another in the place of destination
C. Change in population structure in the place of destination
D. A complete loss of culture
7.
War typically results in ____
A. a decrease in the populations of the nations involved
B. an increase in the number of young males in the warring nations
C. a reduction in the average age of the populations involved
D. a low mortality rate in the warring nations
8.
Which of the following is NOT a common effect of war? ____
A. The warring nations adopt cultural features of each other’s society.
B. The cultures of the warring nations are not affected.
C. The invading group imposes its culture on the conquered group.
IMPACT ON CULTURAL CHANGE
TRADE
Resources, products, customs, ideas, religions, languages, art, and even diseases are exchanged.
Societies may specialize since they can trade to obtain the things they do not produce.
Bilingualism and multilingualism may increase to accommodate trade.
New words may be added to native languages to accommodate the demands of trade.
INDEPENDENT INVENTIONS
Inventions may help a society respond to pressures as growing population or depletion of natural resources.
Inventions may change aspects of a society’s way of life and have a radiating impact throughout the culture.
A culture may develop differently from surrounding ones.
A culture may gain a competitive edge over another.
DIFFUSION(SPREAD) OF IDEAS AND MOTIVATIONS
A group may reject the ideas of another culture, adopt them, or select among them.
Adopting cultures may change the meaning/form of the new ideas, or create a fusion of old and new ideas.
9.
When new ideas spread from one culture to another, the adopting culture may ____
A. select among the ideas
B. change the meaning or form of the idea
C. create a fusion of old and new ideas
D. All of these
10. Which of the following best reflects the impact that independent inventions may have on a culture? ____
A. They may dramatically change a culture.
B. They ensure a culture’s stability
C. They are not important.
11. The automobile is an example of an invention that had ____
A. little impact on culture.
B. a radiating impact throughout a culture.
C. a localized impact.
D. a negative impact on migration.
12.
Which statement about the population in the range 0-4 years is NOT TRUE?
A. It is the largest age group.
B. The total number exceeds 20 million.
C. The males in this age have a heavier birth weight.
13.
Which statement about Pakistan is most accurate?
A. More females than males at younger ages, but more males than females at older ages.
B. More males than females at younger ages, but more females than males at older ages.
C. The total population is primarily male.
Constitutional
Monarchy
Socialism
Constitutional
Monarchy
14.
Which of the following conclusions can you draw from this data?
A. Canada has a highly developed economy and a high standard of living.
B. Pakistan has a higher standard of living that China.
C. China has a highly developed economy but a low standard of living.
15.
This data shows that Pakistan is
A. a less developed country.
B. a more developed country.
C. a country with a high stand of living.
16. Look at the pie charts below. The chart on the left shows how the world's population was distributed in
1990, and the chart on the right projects how it will be distributed in 2025.
Which is an accurate statement based on the information in the charts?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The distribution of the world's population by regions will remain the same between 1990 and 2025.
By 2025, there will be a major shift in population from the former Soviet Union to Europe.
The population of the world will double between 1990 and 2025.
By 2025, Africa's percentage of the world's population will increase more than that of any other region.
17. Based on the map of Alaska, which geographic factor has been the BEST advantage to Anchorage's
economic growth?
A. Closeness to North American cities for trade of goods
B. Access to major waterways for trade of oil products
C. Nearness to many islands for seasonal beach tourism
D. Availability of fertile farmland along the Arctic Ocean
18. Which invention led to a large increase in the use of oil as an energy source?
A. Air conditioning
B. Steam engine
C. Nuclear power plant
D. Internal combustion engine
19. Which correctly completes the diagram?
A. Intensive use of small plots of land;
Highest land value near urban areas;
Little surplus
B. Aided by improvements in transportation technology;
Often called the free enterprise system;
Does not include trade
C. Depends on supply and demand;
Common in developed countries;
Farmers raise goods that give the most profit
20. Hunting and gathering, subsistence agriculture, and the barter system are characteristics of a —
A. mixed economy.
B. communism economy.
C. free enterprise economy.
D. traditional economy.
21. Which statement best describes a mixed economy?
A. The products that consumers demand determine what goods are produced.
B. The government determines the production and distribution of goods and services.
C. Some industries are owned by the state, and others are privately owned.
22. Traditional : subsistence
Communism : __________.
A. commercial
B. market
C. planned
D. modern
The bar chart below shows population sizes in developing and developed countries over a certain time period.
The sizes given for the year 2000, 2010, and 2020 are estimates
23. Which statement is best supported by the data shown in the chart?
A. The world's population tripled between 1970 and 1989.
B. Most of the world's population lives in economically developing countries.
C. The population of economically developed countries consumes most of the world's resources.
D. The rate of world population growth has begun to decrease.
24. As a country develops, a decreasing percentage of its workers are involved in —
A. quaternary activities.
B. secondary activities.
C. primary activities.
D. tertiary activities.
25. Which economic activity would be much more common in a less developed country than in a more
developed country?
A. Construction
B. Fishing
C. Manufacturing
26. Which of the following methods of collecting renewable energy can have a negative impact on the
surrounding environment?
A. Building a wind farm
B. Damming a river
C. Covering roofs of buildings with solar panels
D. Collecting gases from geothermal wells