LEARNING TO SPEAK: A COLLECTION OF POEMS by DANIEL DREW BUTTERWORTH, B.A., M.A. A DISSERTATION IN ENGLISH Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved August, 2001 Copyright 2001, Daniel Drew Butterworth ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank a number of people for their dedication and support during the completion of this dissertation: my wife, Paulette, for her patience and encouragement; Dr. Walt McDonald for his influence upon me during the early stages of my development as a writer; my grandmother, Mary Lou Osbum, and my parents, stepparents, sisters and stepsiblings for their longsuflFering while speaking with me about writing in general; Todd Heldt and Gale AcufFfor their poetry advice andfiiendship;Dr. Jill Patterson and Dr. Stephen Graham Jones for their input and willingness to serve on my dissertation committee; Dr. Hansel Burley for teaching me much about teaching and agreeing to appear as the Graduate School representative for my dissertation defense; and Dr. William Wenthe, whose devotion to helping me become the best writer I can be has made this poetry collection possible, and who has encouraged me to persevere in my studies despite any difficvilties or hardships I experienced along the way. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT v CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. LEARNING TO SPEAK: A COLLECTION OF POEMS Part 1: Losing His Voice 12 13 Tracheotomy: Losing His Voice 15 Digging Up the Backyard 16 Field Mouse 19 Turkey Vultures 21 Into the Hollow: Malheur National Forest, Oregon 23 Curses 25 Part 2: A Few Words From Babylon 27 Bird Eating Spider: First Love 29 Spring Cleaning 31 Jokers Wild 33 Pesto and Zeke 36 Advanced Individual Training 38 Sea Otters 41 Part 3: Learning To Speak 42 44 Fog m Extrafoxy 45 What You Don't Know About My Mood This Morning 47 Pigeon 49 Boomerang 51 Blazes 53 After the Exams 56 Part 4: Speaking For The Dead 57 Canyon Creek Falls 59 Forget Me Not 64 Stepfather and Son 65 Song Sparrow 67 Insomnia 70 Within Birdshot 73 Mabel 75 78 Part 5: Laughing Out Loud Sonnet Ending with a Moment of Silence 80 Grovmg Popcorn 81 Spiders Make Us Dance 83 Assembly 85 Laughing on the Outside 87 89 WORKS CITED IV ABSTRACT A collection of poetry should be a cohesive body of work in which each poem is a piece of a greater whole, the collection. Each of the poems in Learning to Speak: A Collection of Poems can stand alone on its own merits yet also represents a portion of a larger story the dissertation has to tell: the loss of the speaker's voice (both literal and figurative) and a progression through a series of life circumstances and situations that leads to the regaining of that voice. The intention is to show that whUe the speaker in the poems encounters a variety of difficult life circumstances, each circumstance is a step toward the development of a more powerful, expressive instnmient of communication. A short introduction to the poetry relates my own understanding of voice in poetry and my application of that imderstanding to the collection of poems. The poetry collection is organized intofiveparts. Part One, "Losing His Voice," contains poems about childhood experiences related to the speaker's early loss of voice through physical restriction, followed by a regaining of the physical voice. The speaker's voice then becomes increasingly subdued due to a variety of inhibiting circumstances. The second part strengthens the speaker's loss of voice by showing how the emergence of sexual feelings, with all of its accompanying emotional turmoil, can inhibit one's powers of expression. The third part, "Learning to Speak," contains sk poems that show the speaker obtaining a greater imderstanding of communication in relationships and a seventh poem intended as a bridge, a kind of graduation ceremony, into thefinaltwo parts of the collection. Part Four, "Speaking for the Dead," describes the speaker's continued use of voice, having grown to the extent that he can express himself in terms of experiences he has had with death while articulating some hardships those who have passed on suffered while they were alive. Thefinalpart is intended to give the reader a sense of release through laughter and expressing appreciation for the life experiences that shaped the speaker's voice. Together, these poems represent a somewhat fictionalized autobiography that reveals the complex process of learning when and how to speak for oneself and for others. VI CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Someone asked Yangqi, "When the founder of Zen came from India to China, he sat facing a wall for nine years—^what does this mean?" Yangqi said, "As an Indian, he coiildn't speak Chinese." (Yangqi 43) Like the Zen master who required several years to develop an understanding of the Chinese language, when I came to the study of poetry, I had little linguistic foundation upon which to build, having come to Texas Tech's graduate English program with a backgroimd primarily in clinical psychology. Unlike the Zen master, I did not choose to remain silent; instead, I wrote dozens of poems—^most unfit to be read, let alone printed. Remaining unpublished for a few years was the only silence I endured, and for that silence I am thankful. Several editors saved mefromthe future embarrassment of recognizing one of my own stilted creations in an otherwise reputable journal. The student of Zen can afford the luxury of silence; the student of creative writing cannot—^must not—^if he or she wishes to develop a unique artistic voice. Learning to Speak is, at least in part, about the process of developing one's voice as an artist and, perhaps more generally, about learning to speak out both for oneself and for others. I view these as two distinct learning processes, imderstanding that each process should, and often inevitably does, inform the other. Because I believe that the best way to convey this learning process is through developing afirst-personspeaker about whom I have intimate knowledge, most of the poems in this collection contain situations and characters based on my own life experiences. Joan Aleshire writes, "As a reader, I've always been drawn to poems where the first person speaker is indistinguishable from the poet, because those poems give access, on an elemental level, to intimate experience" (29). Basing my poems on personal experiences helps me to create such a speaker, and I hope that this foundation will have the desirable effect of giving access to the speaker's ejq)eriences and insight into his vulnerabilities. Building poems around personal experiences poses challenges beyond merely putting the words down so that they sound good. Edward M. White writes in his introduction to The Writer's Control of Tone that "[t]he challenge for a writer dealing with personal experience is to treat his subject so that it has more than private meaning" (k), and I continually remind myself that it is my obligation as a writer to make these poems about personal experiences involve the reader in some way—^to teach or to reveal truth in a manner that is fresh and interesting. This desire to reveal truth in fresh and interesting ways is the reason why I must use my imagination to transform or embellish my personal experiences, turning them into poems that the reader can take part in more fully. On this subject, William Carlos Williams writes the following: The imagination is the transmuter. It is the changer. Without imagination life cannot go on, for we are left staring at the empty casing where truth lived yesterday while the creature itself has escaped behind us. It is the power of mutation which the mind possesses to rediscover the truth. (213) I want my poems to do more than tell stories, to be more than mere shells that hint at the possibility of truth; I want them to make readers examine their own experiences, to be living laboratories in which readers can develop their own truths, can bring their own imaginations to bear on what is written. Because they are based on my personal experiences, these poems represent various stages of my own growth as a poet and as an individual. The actual events portrayed have beenfictionalizedto varying degrees, and some are infeetmade up entirely, but they closely parallel the development of my voice. The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics describes voice in terms of sound: To stress voice in discussions of poetry may be simply a reminder of the large extent to which poetry depends on sound. The qualities of vocal sounds enter directly into the aesthetic experience of performance, of poetry readings, but no less do those sounds resonate in the 'inner ear' of a fully attentive silent reading. (1366) For me, the idea that poetic voice is primarily afimctionof sound is inextricablefromthe fact that it is also a function of character. While 1 try to capture a particular tone of voice by incorporating certain sounds and sound effects in poems, I do so in order to enhance the character of each poem's speaker, to intensify the speaker's personality so that readers will identify with him. The speakers in my poems should come across not only as narrators, but as human beings that the reader can rely on to be honest, intimate and vulnerable. I want my speakers to be truthful in a sense that they speak what they believe to be true at the time they are speaking and, as a poem progresses, often discover a greater sense of truth because of this honesty. Joan Aleshire writes that "[t]he effectiveness of the speaker lies in his or her vulnerability, when the T makes no claims to knowledge outside its own experience. This clear limitation, this bias can convince the reader that the speaker is telling the truth—at least at the moment of composition" (29). Most of the poems in this collection are written in thefirstperson because I believe that point of view best reflects the tone of a truthful speaker. Thus, in a poem like "Field Mouse," the speaker can describe the actions of Keary O'Malley and the effects those actions have on himself, but he cannot determine the motives behind those actions; likewise for the fether's actions in "Turkey Vultures" and Norberry's actions in "Assembly." Retaining focus on the speaker's point of view invokes the sense of authority Carl Dennis writes about: "Because of the smaller compass of thefirst-personpoem, its authority usually results lessfromthe slow building up of particular perceptions thanfromthe direct presenting of a character we can trust" (66). If the speaker can be trusted to maintain focus on his own perceptions then he can be trusted to be telling the truth when relating the intimate details of his personal experiences, insofar as he understands that truth "at the moment of composition." And, a direct result of telling the truth about intimate ejqjeriences is a sense of vulnerability. In a comment about his poem "Gathering the Bones Together," Gregory Orr writes that "We seem, as people, unable to talk about the events that most deeply affect our lives. I think poetry can do that, that's one of the reasons it's important" (30). 1 agree with that statement, which is another reason why I write about personal experiences. However, I recognize that some experiences are universal, like fear and death, or nearly universal, like marriage and divorce, while other experiences, like growing up in a Pentecostal-Evangelical Christian home or watching on television one's hometown threatened by wildfires, relate more specifically to my ovm life. In order to write intimately about all of these personal experiences, I have felt it necessary to envision what my reading audience might be like. That is—outside members of my dissertation committee, who wdll necessarily examine my work with critical objectivity, and outside family and fiiends, who wall likely read my work with sympathetic bias— who else might want to read poetry based largely on my personal experiences? To answer this question, I consider the words of Michael Ryan: "The poet's idea of his audience (which may or may not be accurate) is flised to his idea of his cultural role (which may or may not be realistic) and thereby influences and sometimes even generates his poetry" (163). In order to understand my audience, then, I must first consider what I believe to be my cultural role as a poet. I understand my own cultural role as a poet to be similar to the role all poets play, which is, aside from the assumption that poems should provide some sense of pleasure for the reader, that poets fimction primarily to create poems that reflect society back to itself W. D. Snodgrass's "The Men's Room in the College Chapel," for example, reflects the ironic defiance of the unconventional world of the men's room against the conventional world of the chapel that contains the men's room. Snodgrass compares the writings on the men's room walls to cave paintings used "to summon their animal, dark gods" and the early Christians' catacomb writings—"pious mottos of resistance" that defied the Roman persecution of Christianity. Thus, Snodgrass shows the reader that at the heart of society is a desire—^perhaps a need—^to express oneself by deposing societal convention. More personal poems, for example Jorie Graham's "Wanting a Child," also create reflections of society, perhaps m part because the reader's own background comes to bear on the speaker's personal experiences. In this way, poems are like mirrors. It is not the function of a mirror to change the person looking into it, but to reflect what is there so that the person can decide for him- or herself whether or not to make changes. Likewise, the poet can create poems that reflect some bare aspect of society, but the poet cannot expect society to change simply because he or she has reflected an accurate image. That onus is on society itself My role as a poet, then, is to create mirrors against which society can see itself and while I recognize that itidividuals must decide for themselves what to do with my mirrors, I try to make those mirrors as accurate as possible in order to increase the chances that positive change might occur. My target audience is people who are willing to become vulnerable for a moment—^those who seek an intimate connection with someone else, who are not afitiid to listen, to learn, and to seek personal and societal change. For example, the primary focus of a poem like "Advanced Individual Training" is to draw the reader into the naive speaker's inner conflict and to thereby show the reader how the speaker develops a more complex and mature sense of responsibility from that experience. By drawing the reader into the experience, I hope to achieve some secondary aims. I want young men to read "Advanced Individual Training" and come away not merely sad about the situation, but filled with a desire to view and treat women with dignity and respect. I want young women to finish that poem and understand that they deserve better than the shameful lack of respect and decency exhibited by men in the poem. In short, I want people to come away from my poems with a profound sense of personal identification with the speaker that leads them to consider the larger social impUcations that the poems raise. For a poem to create this sense of identification, it needs to speak to those who are open to its message. Those people are my audience. Now that I have identified an audience, what can 1 do to make that audience appreciate my personal experience beyond the surface-level voyeuristic thriU of the story? One method for deepening the reader's appreciation of the poem is to incorporate various techniques and tools designed to make poems sound interesting. John Drury writes that "poetry gives pleasure first, then truth, and its language is charged, intensified, concentrated" (5). Rhyme, rhythm, metaphor, irony, and other tools of poetry are primarily devices for enhancing listening pleasure, but they are also used to charge, intensify and concentrate meaning in poems. In terms of creating meaning, the naain reason for using poetic techniques is to introduce complexity; for example, metaphorical language and careflil diction can create multiple layers of meaning in a poem, giving the poem texture and a greater sense of purpose. 1 am thinking here of poems like Anne Sexton's "Briar Rose," where the story of Sleeping Beauty becomes a metaphor for childhood sexual abuse, deepening the reader's perception of that abuse by positioning it within the language of an othenvise innocent fairy tale. It is important to recognize that, while complexity can add texture and depth of meaning in a poem, complexity should not be considered an end unto itself Reginald Gibbons explains: A poem's complexity as an instance of language doesn't in itself reveal very much; a very poor poem can be full of tropes and highly organized rhythms and other complications or turbulences of language, and a very good poem can appear to be spontaneously uttered and almost simple. But in many poems that we regard as good there is a sense, rather than of already worked language, of the active work of bringing feeling, thought, and language into an unusual intensity of meaningfiilness and into an especially responsive representation of what we are coming to feel and think; both writer and reader are discovering what it is that the language in the poetic lines is coming to mean. (188-189) The reason, then, that Sexton's "Briar Rose" works so well is not simply that it is complex, but that it uses complexity to tap into intense thoughts and feelings. It forces the reader to actively engage with the poem's process of revelation, leading the reader on the same path of discovery followed by the poet; the same process that gave more profound meaning to the story of Sleeping Beauty for the poet provides that same profundity to the reader. It is this relationship between complex structure and meaning that I wish to create in my own works. Thus, "Pesto and Zeke" becomes not simply a poem about two hamsters, but an insight into addiction; "Forget Me Not" becomes not only a poem aboutflowers,but a depiction of death's inevitability; and "Spiders Make Us Dance" becomes not simply a poem about fear of spiders, but a portrayal of how an object of fear can obstruct the creative process. As each poem is designed with a complex structure to convey as much meaning as possible, so the poems are arranged to enhance associative meanings between poems and to weave an additional story through the entire collection. Thus, Learning to Speak is the story of a man who learns as a child to remain silent, yet is awed by the power of those who boldly state what they think. As the story progresses, he encounters various experiences that challenge his perception of himself and his ownrightto speak on behalf of himself and others. This narrative is less overt than the stories told in each of the poems, yet it is what holds the poems together, builds them into a unified whole. Each of this book'sfiveparts contains poems describing a different stage in the speaker's growth as a writer and as a person. Thefirstthree parts are arranged in a roughly chronological fashion, beginning with early childhood in Part One, "Losing His Voice," continuing through adolescence and young adulthood in Part Two, "A Few Words From Babylon," and arriving at a series of poems about separation and loss in Part Three, "Learning to Speak," which culminates in "After the Exams," a poem about completion and beginning anew. Alongside this chronological progression runs a current that deals specifically with the ability to speak ("Tracheotomy: Losing His Voice," "Field Mouse," and "Advanced Individual Training"), or the speaker's realization that sometimes emotions cannot be easily expressed in words ("Turkey Vultures," "Bird Eating Spider: First Love," and "What You Don't Know About My Mood This Morning"). I wanted to arrange the poems in a way that expresses the ebb andflowof any given person's ability or desire to speak; thus, "Tracheotomy: Losing His Voice," a poem about being physically unable to make speech, is followed by "Digging Up the Backyard," a poem in which the speaker's voice is powerful enough to command "[a]n army of nextdoor kids." Likewise, the speaker's certainty that words could have prevented tragedy in "Into the Hollow" is followed by the speaker's conviction that words can cause tragedy in "Curses." I include these last two poems in Part One to illustrate how life experiences can cause one to "lose one's voice" by calling into question the validity of exercising one'srightto speak. Part Four, "Speaking for the Dead," contains poems aboutfiiendsand family who have passed away. The intent here is to show the speaker/poet embracing his role as a speaker not just for himself, but for others as well. He has graduatedfrommere selfexploration to afixUerinteraction with the world outside himself, as is evidenced, for example, in "Stepfather and Son," where the speaker attempts to understand the feelings his stepfather has after reading a shocking account of abusive behavior attributed to him, and, later, while undergouig testing to determine the extent cancer has invaded his body. I try in this poem to convey emotions similar to those expressed in Robert Hayden's "Those Winter Sundays"—the realization later in life that when a father took pains to ensure the well-being of those around him, those pains went unnoticed or, at the least, underappreciated. It is a theme that is best understood when one has some distance from one's childhood and so is better able to reflect on the events of that tune objectively. In this poem and others in Part Four, then, the speaker's voice is one that is more developed through experience, and in that sense it can be understood to follow thefirstthree parts chronologically. "Laughing Out Loud," thefinalpart, is intended to give the reader a sense of release and closure. I include "Sonnet Ending with a Moment of Silence" as both comic relieffromthe rather heavy content of Part Four and as an illustration that the speaker has brokenfromthe past and can now express himself truthfully both inside and outside his heavily personalized experiences. "Spiders Make Us Dance" shiftsfromthis focus to show how what one has learned in the past can be appropriated for future use, and "Laughing on the Outside" shifts again to show that the speaker can reflect on the past, acknowledge the pain experienced there, and emergefromhis reflection with a sense of freedom to live in the present and hope for the fliture. 10 This arrangement of the poems is intended to unify the purpose of the book, which is to show the growth of the speaker's voice through a series of life experiences, ultunately leading to a profound sense of release. At the beginning of the collection, the speaker's voice is more timid, with only a few out-bursting exceptions. I want these poems to suggest a careful deliberation of the speaker's early experiences that leads to an epiphany, some sense that the speaker has learnedfromeach experience and can now progress to an understanding of the next. By the end of the collection, the speaker's voice has become more focused and positive. He now understands that the determination as to whether an experience is constructive or depressing is largely a matter of attitude. He can "laugh out loud" in the face of his mistakes. He is like the Zen master who, after nine years of silence, has awakened to the sound of his own voice and found it familiar. 11 CHAPTER II LEARNING TO SPEAK: A COLLECTION OF POEMS 12 Part 1: Losing His Voice 13 'Woe to me!" I cried. "I am mined! For I am a man of unclean lips, and my eyes have seen the Kiig, the Lord Aknighty." Isaiah 6:5 14 Tracheotomy: Losing His Voice His eyelids clenched tight, blood beating at his ears and cheeks, air escapes through his throat hole. Two years old, he lies on his back, diaper full, legs and arms strapped at his sides to keep him from pulling out wires suctioned to his chest, marking a monotone beat; from pulling out tubes in his throat and arms giving oxygen and nutrition. He screams like Aeneas's Hades warriors, shaping his mouth into cries that are seen, but not heard. 15 Digging Up the Backyard Shoveling was natural at seven when Mom worked days—^natural for all neighborhood kids. When I dug, my stepbrothers dug, too, believing sand beneath topsoil was China, as my drunken stepfether said. An army of nextdoor kids enlisted under my command: Dig, soldiers! Hup! Hup! Hup! Put your shoulders into it! It's a long way to Peking! We took out the west perimeter and made our way eastward. By midday we'd transgressed the entire backyard, made rain from a garden hose. We slugged through mud aU afternoon, (stanza break) 16 drenched in our victory over Earth and Sky, fired plastic pistols, rolled from scar to scar, muddied Garanimals our mothers dressed us in. Our teeth shone like medals against dirty faces. When Mom came home, the neighbors shimmied over the fence and—^her love notwithstanding—she shamed my stepbrothers and me, hosed us down, said we came from opposite Heaven, like my stepfather's wet bar. Our giggles angered her more because —^we didn't reason it at the time— my stepdad packed a wallop; Mom was his target. Now I know, but can't retract those moments, wouldn't if I could—^the digging. (stanza break) 17 mud and laughter. How can I cast off these memories my mother paid for in blood? 18 Field Mouse My Dad will blow your head off if he knows you're from California. Such was Keary O'Malley's greeting for me. In fourth grade, I was new to Montana, had never seen snow, still wet my pants, too afraid to ask to get up and pee. I remember cookies Keary brought to school, his offer of one, his mock horror as I took a bite, his word: Dextrose! You ate a cookie with dextrose! I panicked, asked the teacher for an antidote; he pointed to the dictionary. I needed fiiends too much for angry words. At recess a mouse ran in the schoolyard; I hoped to touch its soft gray fur, chased it, thought I could make a tiny home in the ground, a stone border and grass for bedding. Keary (no stanza break) 19 jumped in front of me and stomped the mouse dead; its guts pushed out its broken sides. He said he'd saved me, that rabies shots were stomach needles. The whistle blew; we stood in lines outside the classroom door. I raised my hand, a watery brim in my eyes, and asked to use the restroom. 20 Turkey Vultures Dad said he could drive with his eyes closed on the hairpins of Highway 9; to prove it he closed them Really, he peeked through lowered lashes, but we were kids and believed him blind. That year Christmas came in June. Dad gave nature books: for me, turkey vultures snapping meat; for Shannon, hyenas cracking bones; for Soozi, carrion beetles tunneling leftovers. We learned Nature feeds on routines for disposing of itself the way separation eats kids, grinds them to numb nubs, burrows into their memories, drives them silent, alone. In two months. Dad drove us back to our mother in Montana. Near Battle Mountain, he pointed to giant birds with crimson heads and black wings —feathersfingeredwide. I leaned back, pressed (stanza break) 21 my head against the windshield, watched turkey vultures balancing wind above the highway —^then, below, a dog with one leg flinching. I could not tell if that red was a collar or blood, but remember the sound Dad's Honda made rolling over its head. My Father was silent all the way to Wells. I swear, the whole time his eyes were closed. 22 Into the Hollow: Malheur National Forest, Oregon When the tour guide told us this ground our steps made hollow was the largest Uving organism on the planet, a fijngus from which grew everything we saw—save the gift shop and snack bar (and even these made with pine cut from this unsound ground)—^I wanted to ask how long we'd known the forest before we knew what lived beneath. My student killed himself I don't know how—^read it in the paper. I'd talked with him three weeks before, a genial fellow, worried he'd missed too many classes. I said try to make the rest, my best attempt (no stanza break) to help him learn. He half- 23 smiled before he left the room; in hindsight, a thousand pounds on his shoulder. The next class he sat three rows back for the last time. If I'd known, I'd have told him sometimes we can't see the fimgus for the trees, but a wilderness grows huge and green above the earth, so dense we can only begin to ejq)lore. When we look to the ground and stamp our feet against the hollow, we should not wish the earth to swallow us whole; should rather trust what holds the trees to bear us, too. 24 Curses Unless you renounce your sin, you cannot return to Sunday school Youth Pastor, Assembly of God Church We call our vulgar words curses as if shit might cause constipation, its opposite, or an unfortunate step in the park; as though fuck you might cause impotence or premature ejaculation. At seventeen I bought some Schilling spice at the comer supermarket, tossed a handfiil on my youth pastor's porch. I'd borrowed a book of potions—^recipes for revenge: (stanza break) 25 Sprinkle mustard seed in paths of those who cause you grief; you '11 watch them writhe like worms ifyou are strong in your belief. Next week, a car hit my dog; my girlfiiend pregnant (myself a virgin); and I swear a spirit visited my bed to spoil my sleep. And, if this curse sprang back at the curser, what of the words that slip our lips each time the mind's cauldron bubbles over? What incantation can renounce those wicked spells? What dark and fantastic hell have we spoken for ourselves? 26 Part 2: A Few Words For Babylon 27 'By the rivers of Babylon we sat and wept when we remembered Zion." Psalm 137:1 28 Bird-Eating Spider: First Love A man in Perthshire, Scotland keeps the largest one alive in a cricket-fiilled greenhouse with thousands of its leggy mates. But the biggest ever dropped in on my fourth grade class: eleven inches toe-to-toe, bigger than a dinner plate, and soaking in formaldehyde. The man who brought it said he bartered for it in Bolivia with a man who planned to singe the hairs off and eat it— a creamy center I'd rather forget. I don't know what he exchanged, but he left it for Mr. McDowell, who bribed us with a chance to rest (stanza break) 29 the largest spider in the world on our desk's edge. Or not— depending, when it passed us, on how fer back we would lean. Shelley tipped back; her cinnamon hair lay before me. I prayed for Mr. McDowell to leave that spider on her desk forever. 30 Spring Cleaning I toss a soaked Kleenex in the trash and reach for another to catch a sneeze. Sudafed stifles a percentage of congestion, but my sinuses weigh a poimd apiece two hours into four-hour meds. I promised Mom I'd write Tom's poem by Sunday, a Father's Day homage for trying more than most, butfivedays ago I swept the porch—a dust bowl outside my sliding glass door—^pulled tendrils of brown Bermuda grass grown since last Spring, picked up trash that blew over the fence or dropped from the balcony above, threw everything in a cinch sack and lobbed it in the dumpster—everything but thick dust that glazed my nose and throat. When I was sixteen, Tom said to sweep the porch before I could hang out with friends. I cursed under my breath, so I thought, but Tom (stanza break) 31 lumbered into view, his menacingfingerextended, and grounded mefromTV for two weeks. I watched the TV's reflection in the living room window until Mom caught my angle and made me move. They had me clean the oven andfridge,dust and vacuum, sweep the porch. It is now Saturday. I have orange juice and chicken noodle soup, staples of the sick and dying, and I lie on the couch, blanket drawn up to my throat, an empty tissue box and full garbage beside me. Tablet against my knees, I arrange my lines, sneeze, replace phrases with phrases, blow. My head feels stuffed with feathers, and words sweep in and out of focus. 32 Jokers Wild I bought my tattoo at eighteen—a lion with a Messiah face and green eyes like Dad's—eyes I'd always wanted. Brown got a black panther with blood on its claws, and Blevins must have had something, now long faded from my mind. We drank afterward, not before—^Long Island Iced Teas at a strip club. The Joker's Wild— a ritual of manhood like the ink in our arms. I had never seen a woman nude, much less dancing, and my crotch exposed me. It took three drinks before I'd look up at her live breasts, legs wrapped around a pole—nothing but a smile, said a sHck emcee before each dance. 1 sat behind a table at parade rest, (no stanza break) 33 thought of polishing boots, ironing uniforms, marching in parkas through October rain, calisthenics, encoding, decoding—anything to keepfromarousing fiiU attention. Blevins and Brown found seats by the stage, and we all fell in love with Sandy—the only dancer not skinny or tattooed—and decided we'd use her name as code, certain future wives would roll their eyes or leave us if they knew. We shared one space for twelve weeks, drank new drinks, ate shit-on-a-shingle our mothers would've throwm out. Our mothers would have thrown us out, had they known about our weekends; but I missed Mom, called to warn her about my inked arm She was glad (no stanza break) 34 for a lion—not a skull or nude dancer— hoped I'd make it home for Christmas, asked what I'd learned. I told her teletype— the rest is confidential and cried as I hung up. By Christmas, we graduated radio school, picked up our bonuses (minus taxes) and bought airline tickets home. Once wamed an officer would know you by your hair, I wore dress greens on the plane. Brown and Blevins watched me board. I had not seen my family in sk months— was anxious to spend travelers' cheques —^myfirstemployment, what Dad called This Man's Fitness Club. As the plane taxied, I knew in two weeks I'd soldier in Germany, Brown and Blevins stateside. The major beside me asked about home. I said home was green like Montana, and I held back tears, mbbed my arm's painted scar. 35 Pesto and Zeke Pesto the Hamster bit a hole in his belly so deep you could see intestines. The vet cleaned the wound, sewed him shut, said Pesto gnawed a tumor, wamed he might chew the stitches. One month later, he ate another hole, like an addict returning to his booze, and I knew he'd die but couldn't buy another visit. Zeke is a mild-mannered albino bought the same day, same pet store as Pesto, who is handsome, fency tan patches and a pinstripe down his back —^who'd have thought Pesto the weaker? They buddied in their youth, ran side by side in their wheel—^sometimes in opposite directions. After the surgery, I disjoined the cages, one in each, to rest the patient. Later, their reunion (no stanza break) 36 haywired when Pesto caught four inches of air, spread-eagled, and body-slammed Zeke, who squeaked Our Fathers until my gloved hand reached down to deliver him. Pesto now dangerous, I closed the tube. They became neighbors, separated by plastic and bars. At night, Zeke would unruffie, walk across his cage to the plastic wall facing Pesto, climb halfway to his tower and chew the transparent tube, as though trying to reach him. Ignoring Zeke's attempted interventions, Pesto gnawed, so the stomach hole returned, full of pus and swollen, bleeding. Pesto, skeletal, right eye swelled shut, retumed to the vet who said he'd die in pain three months from now, at best. I drove home, Pesto's empty box beside me, believed no one could have kept his bellyfromhis teeth. 37 Advanced Individual Training A Greyhound drove us across state lines— Fort Jackson, South Carolina to Fort Gordon, Georgia. I thought Basic would end tough soldiering, but Alpha-Gators roomed at Brems Barracks, where the hardest asses Army could muster taught the art of detail: how Brasso shined copper pipes, how toilet paper cornered sharp as left and rightflanks,how two thick waxed black lines down each aisle revealed boot dust only acrylic could treat—^how inept we were with a mop and bucket, soap and rag. Brown slept in the bunk above me, Blevins the next bunk over. Weekends, our sheets and wool blankets pulled tight as our quarters. We were eighteen, but girls sold drinks and stripped like we were old enough to know. Once, I drank with soldiers 38 (stanza break) I'd never seen. I don't remember where the other two Bs went, but the motel TV played skinflicks,and someone said a girl next door gave it away to anyone. I should not now admit what I said to make her scream asshole, which I deserved, and still deserve, and will deserve in death: baited with beer and pom, I asked if she would still give it away to anyone who wanted it. In shame, I took a three-dollar taxi back to Brems, passed out on my bunk. Someone turned my head toward the edge of the bed. I puked on my boots and the thick waxed black line. Morning, I woke, grabbed a mop and bucket, a wet rag for the Army's wool blanket, black Kiwi (stanza break) 39 for my boots. When I finished, I drained the waste of last night down copper pipes so polished they reflected my fece. People say they see my mother when they see me. Even with Brasso, I could notfindher face in mine. 40 Sea Otters When you hear a male sometimes takes the head off a female during sex, do you ask if the female was promiscuous or seductive, or if she put up a stmggle, or if she screamed or said nol 41 Part 3: Learning To Speak 42 'The attraction of knowledge would be small if one did not have to overcome so much shame on the way." Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil 43 Fog In the evening, across the bay, I search for the pyramid, the wharf the Golden Gate, but everything is fog folding the horizon, small red lights warning through. Today on Abbott Road, The Wedding March was played. The bride inflowers—^theway Marie wore hers the day we wed—^the groom, a pale green, pressed his lips hard on hers, lasting moments longer than anyone expected. Cake was cut, and smiles passed around. The best man toastedHere 's to newlyweds! The guests replied Here, here! and drank champagne. At dusk, the wedded crept across the bay; their car's red lights withdrew into the fog. 44 Extrafoxy foxy adj. 1. Like or pertaining to the fox; foxlike in disposition or looks; wily. foxy adj. 2. (Slang) Elegant and seductive; "a foxy lady." Don't I look extrafoxy today? Kelly said, but I played mute, shook my head, read a book by Doime. Three years before, I learned it isn 'tfoxy to flirt with women not one's wife,fromLacy, who wasn't. Now, divorced and remarried, I know flirtation wears no meaning beyond preening. Lacy was foxy, winked during meetings, tickled my tummy when I held a door— frisky, married, a foolish lot of fun. One day I caught the question mark (no stanza break) 45 between her eyebrows, her stare at the floor, and asked what was wrong. My husbandjoined ROTC. He plans to pilot jets. He'd said nothing at their wedding—made her believe she would teach, not host tea parties at the officers' club. I asked about her goals, how she'd live as an officer's wife, said I thought her not the type; far better the professor, the scholar, and she agreed, said she didn't know. Ifibbedmy marriage was ending—^thought she meant the same. With me, her plans were safe: we'd teach and ride a cozy road together, forget our troubles in each other. Her slap was strong. When I came to, she wasn't so foxy; I howled then whimpered and scamped away. 46 What You Don't Know About My Mood This Morning Awake in my dream, I kept careful eye as we strolled a beach, passing a trio of men bulging in Speedos. I was certain you were gazing when we split in two around them. When we should have come together behind them, another man in nothing at all edged past my periphery, took my place beside you. I could not see his fece, only the fact of his body next to yours. And why a red velvet couch was on the beach, I cannot say, but there it was, and there you stretched alongside him, (no stanza break) a hand on his thigh, eyeing 47 the eggplant between his legs. He was indifferent, and I beat myfistin the sand, shifted my red gape between his cock and your eyes that never stopped staring. I am awake now. It is 6:25 and my body dry as the beach before a tidal wave. The alarm will buzz infiveminutes, and I'll have to explain, or pretend it never happened; and even then you may wonder why I curl beneath the covers, hands on my knees, why I won't lift the sheets and meet your eyes, why, when you stare, I'll cringe. 48 Pigeon My marriage dying, I did not expect another bird that day to lay its shoulders between my hands and stop breathing. To save a song sparrow was noble—a cedar waxwing, perhaps inspired—^but who would stoop for a gray-feathered pigeon thrashing its one good wing against pavement? I held it in a towel, convinced my wife to drive us to a vet. It died en route, naturally. We stopped at the curb outside the clinic, placed the body in a circle of low-growing juniper. My wife said she was sorry— she knew it was difficult to leave the bird—^but perhaps my hands were comfort as it died. I remember holding it, feeling it quiver as pulse left the body and flew beyond my grasp. It seems strange (no stanza break) 49 that I would care. Today, I read that the city poisons pigeons, and I wonder, had I reached the vet in time, how hard she might have laughed at me. 50 Boomerang for Gale Today, I threw the boomerang Gale left before shipping off to teach in China —a memento of four years as friends. I saw it hanging on his wall months before; He'd found it in a parking lot, resting like a wood-colored comma of compressed cardboard, snakes on each end spelling Australia. I watched him leave, his yellow CRX packed with thirty-odd books and a suitcase, and a letter I wrote him the night before, saying I'd never forget, that I knew we'd meet again. I asked him to forgive me if I slipped a tear before he turned to leave; thanked him for our talks of poetry, baseball, politics, childhood, religion, quantum physics, women; thanked him for listening through my divorce, (no stanza break) 51 throughriddingschool of a rapist, through losing afriendand a student to suicide. We'd argued at times about Jesus and Mohammed—^how I couldn't make them agree, and Gale would say that's not the point. He'd bring music for my stereo, and we'd talk all night. Gale once said. Just when you think I'm losing my shit, I bring it all back together. Today, I threw his boomerang, and it came back to me. 52 Blazes The reporter says wildfires surround Hamilton and points to smoke; fifteen hundred miles away, I sit on my couch and watch the eastem range, white and billowing, where Mom and Tom live betweenfireand fire— the Sapphire Range ablaze, the Bitterroots ablaze. I married in that valley; we honeymooned in those woods. (stanza break) 53 and years ago I buried a fiiend in the hill across the river. The reporter says the town is safe for now, but Mom wears a mask, keeps windows and doors closed mornings when the air mopes about like fog. Tom says fire scurries up trees, blows them inside out, scatters coals in dry grass, blazes up another, and nobody knows how long it will live, (stanza break) 54 how many trees will explode. I pray it will die before it reaches home, that my memories won't cremate before me. 55 After the Exams 1 wrote misery in a circle of books. Complained of long nights and short candles. The absence of time, daily muddle of words. How work made writing too fallow to handle; Yet now, those hours of testing completed, I process my words at a quickening pace Fearing my memory might have deleted My feel for formality, figure and face. Like hundreds of tonguesfiringunder my skin. Words leap to myfingers;my memory's held. So after the graduate examination, 1 place all one hundred two books on my shelf Here in my study, I type ruminations. Discovering new ways of exposing myself 56 Part 4: Speaking For The Dead 57 "A fiiend, very ill from a degenerative nerve disease that seemed about to cause her death, visited with a Korean Zen master who had just come to this country. After she told him of her predicament, he smiled and waved his hand, saying, 'Don't worry. You won't die.' Because he knew that who she was was not her body or her mind, not something impermanent. That who she was never dies. Because awareness simply is." Stephen Levine, Who Dies? 58 Canyon Creek Falls for Shannon. Mike and I set out among the boulders, birch, and Ponderosa pine for the falls fed,fiirtherup the trail, by Lake Canyon, feeding, below the falls. Canyon Creek. Mike stops at a break in the trees, eyes, against a cliff, the object of our hike. The sinking sun delays our summer hike, so Mike and I wind back among the boulders that shadow the trail, obscuring our eyes. My ankle twists sk times, and once Mike falls —barely avoids a drenching in the creek. He stares up the trail at the canyon. We resolve to return to Canyon Creek Falls the next morning, resolve to hike to paradise four miles away, the creek that chums a granite wall lined with boulders. 59 (no stanza break) My sister and her boyfriend hike the falls with us, and Mike desires my sister's eyes to stray from her boyfriend to Mike's blue eyes that gaze back, then scan the wooded canyon. To impress my sister, Mike doesn't hike, but rumbles up the trail to meet the falls, removes Ms shirt, and clambers between boulders, stacked one upon the other so they creak when he steps off. Up ahead, the creek cuts stone, its water chilled by glacial ice. He leaps among colossal leaning boulders, stands at the top, and surveys the canyon in sunlight, as though he is god of the fall; watches the rest of usfinishour hike. Above the falls, the four of us look down, follow white water swathed in shrouds of green. Mike gazes at my sister, seventeen, and anguish cuts fiirrows in his brow. If we had left the boyfriend back in town, (no stanza break) 60 Mike may have reconsidered his next step, but desire and pride make him forget his mortal coil. He sinks his body down the middle of Canyon Creek Falls, creeps down one moss slick boulder to ten feet below, where another boulder bulges upward. With strong, dexterous hands and sneakered feet, Mike sUdes to the rock, glares across the flow —a look my sister's boyfriend can't ignore. Between the boulder he safely rests upon and the boulder he launched himself off remains water-smoothed granite and moss lodged with gravel that grates his knees—skin sawn, he bleeds as he ascends. Halfway up the face, he hits a mossy crevice in the rock and, to everyone's horrified shock, plungesfivehundred feet down the cascade. The falls force Mike against a wall of rock, a jutting where he limply remains (no stanza break) 61 until my sister's boyfriend drags him free. Across the canyon, hikers stop to gawk at his body. My sister and I strain to keep himfromslipping fiirther. Three of us remain; the boyfriend runs for help. Mike's body broken, he breathes; his life relies on the boyfiiend's pace down the path that guides toward town. My sister's hand lands a slap across Mike's cheek, forcing himfroma dream. He stares into my sister'sfiightenedface and tells her he will live. My sister braces him with her legs until a crisis team can come for him and stop death's assault. She grips him under crackedribs,soothing him with stay-awake words. Inside him, blood seepsfromveins, contradicting his resolve to live. My sister embraces him, smoothing his hair, wiping off the moss and mud. (stanza break) 62 Sk hours pass, and several times we hike Mike up to keep himfromslipping. The creek seeps under his legs, drags him down the fells ten more feet. My sister holds him there, her eyes drenched, and shrieks for Mike's life. Down the canyon, we hear a chopper. Skids rest on boulders; medics crouch and hike to Mike. Their eyes betray their alarm. The falls and canyon cannot quell the creak of yielding boulders. 63 Forget-Me-Not Behind raspberry bushes in white bloom grow tangles of blueflowers,one bent—^its stem broken one inch from its base. Its middle is yellowwhite, like the others, and if I try to splint thatflower,I will cmsh what is left of its stem. If I leave it be, it will die anyway. Only aflower,its size attracts me— much smaller than raspberry blossoms. The petals will crisp and brown. A strong wind will blow them away. 64 Stepfather and Son I gave Tom words written for shock when I handed him that book; he read abuse and fear and anger—all of which were there, though never printed. Later, he'd say it left him hollow, like a tree carved by carpenter ants. He'd stop short of betrayed, but 1 knew and wrote repentance, forgiveness. Seventeen years: how long ago Mike Frost fellfivehundred feet, broke his body and drowned; how old he was when it happened. I left memorial services, afi^d to look at the body, the casket—afraid to cry (no stanza break) 65 where anyone could see. Next day, Tom took me to thefimeralhome alone. I said Mike looked peaceful, believed he was with God while I remained to feel the lack of him. Tom understood, knew why tears welled but never fell, asked if he should leave. I wanted him to stay—stay, and never let me go. Tom wonders now in sterile light as machines pass over bones, scan for tumors like one found days before, what will be remembered when I'm gone? He has not told me this, but I hear it over the phone with his word surgery. I need to tell him he'll survive, that the ants have died, the tree has grown new leaves. 66 Song Sparrow Last night Dad called, a voice strained with word from Phoenk of Granddad's death. Grandad and I were never close—^traveled once to visit me, met me four times I remember—but I learned through Dad his love of lapidary, gunsmithing, sprout farming, clock repair, tool invention, painting . . . . I asked Dad about the services, said I did not think I'd make it, but sure would like to go. When I hung up, I checked the locks and windows, looked out back at our blue heeler. Tucker, whose jaws smacked over something he'd found, or caught—a song sparrow. I went to the shed for a shovel, but when I retumed the bird was across the yard. Tucker sat above it watching, head cocked. I tucked the shovel beside the bird, but the dog jawed it, dropped it some ten feet away. (stanza break) 67 I looked more closely. The bird breathed. I grabbed a rag of red robe we let Tucker shred. He had no notion why I yelled at him. With the rag I scooped the bird into my hand and carried it to my wife. Her covers moved like the sparrow's troubled rhythms. 1 knew she was sleeping, yet the bird was dying, so I bothered her for the number of a sanctuary. As she searched, the sparrowfluttered,gasped, died. Its legs were spread as if caught mid-stride, its eyes half open, like an old man sleeping, head hung over the back of his chair. I placed it in a clump of sycamore leaves bunched under dormant roses, thinking maybe some stray cat wouldfindit nourishing. The next day I left the house for the morning paper and found bits of sparrow a cat left behind— a spray of feathers, 68 (no stanza break) in the center the heart, like a bead in a dream catcher; as if the cat wished to say, I'm sorry. I was hungry. I left the part that mattered. 69 Insomnia I know I'm not the only one who lies awake at night searching the ceiling, who leaves the room to scribble words no one might ever understand—^not obliged to stay awake, but certain sleep will wipe my mind of Granddad, thwart his escape to the page. I have come to Phoenk to grieve with my father, but never thought I might be asked to tell some tale of Granddad's spark. Each time 1 met Granddad, we were strangers, yet I knew four stories: the time he caught a king snake that oozedfromhis porch in a rare Arizona monsoon, his third wife screaming it was Satan; the time Dad, sick of Granddad's soy, drove an hour for burgers, made us four kids promise not to tell; the time his fourth wife falsely (no stanza break) 70 claimed myfirstinsulted her heritage, and neither me nor Granddad could back down; and the time I choose to remember him by: Dad drove all night in a borrowed Volvo toward Punkin' Center, Arizona,fromSan Jose. In the Mojave's middle. Dad, my three sisters, and I had grapes and potato chips, a couple gallons of water, and heat well over one hundred. Two hoursfromGranddad's, the radiator steamed—^Dad, too, at the car, the cop who stopped us for out-of-state plates, the window that shattered when Dad slammed the door. Dad would power to the top of a hill, let it slide in neutral down the other side, kick into drive to climb the next. We were seventeen miles from Sunflower, an all-in-one gas station, bar and grocery. After two hours. Dad was buying a round of root beer (no stanza break) 71 and phoning ahead. Granddad beamed as his tmck pulled in—as far as I know, the first of his smiles I'd ever seen. The night before the fimeral, I lie awake rewriting his smile. The ceiling is empty, my page full. 72 Within Birdshot Grampa wants to talk to anyone with an ear, to anyone with a hand for a grizzled dog with cataracts—a labrador that once snatched geese from chill morning air, the huntsman blasting clean through necks in midhonk; that ran squirrels up yellow pine marked with orange X's (good for houses, bad for wood stoves); that scuttled raccoons burgling garbage cans behind the backyard fence, up Douglas fir, their black eyes glaring green in porch light. Grampa's skin hangs like jowls, his eyes are ball bearings, and he walks with a steel frame, sits for anyone who'll hear an old lab's pup years: mossy rocks retrieved (no stanza break) 73 from Como Lake, a stretch toward sky for a Frisbee, afriskwith every passing tail, a raid on the neighbors' Christmas turkey (like cooked goose, but less gamy), nights in the woods, clouds backlit by moonlight, his head resting on the huntsman's leg. He wants anyone to hear the whimper at dusk, view the earth turned sideways, a paw caught in a badger trap, the other three shuffling dust, a man with a shotgun and birdshot, calling his name. 74 Mabel In the photograph she holds a baby in a blanket; her smile matches the white of her hair. Blue eyes bright, her skin Mary Kay porcelain, she touches his hand, and he smiles back. I was too small to remember. Her home smelled like Shaklee Instant Protein, peanut butter, bananas, and bread. She kept a closet of her daughter's and stepkids' toys: Candy Land, Hi-Ho-Cherry-0, Chutes & Ladders, dolls, and dominoes. Near her front porch grew clover that left handprints when pressed, so I'd sit on the steps and study myfingers'contours. She never complained. When I was seven, she led me to the toy aisle at Longs Dmgs, (stanza break) 75 let me pick a police badge, and later my outstretched shield stopped traffic, then I'd wave it through. Grandma cautioned, Danny, stay on the lawn. After herfimeral.Dad and my uncles lounged in the living room, storytelling about sewing projects—^most famous, a blanket with a bowtied bunny logo, one ear straight, the other leaning. My uncle said Grandma thought it cute and never suspected. They laughed. Years later, when her house grew small, I'd learn she was Granddad's second wife, wed to care for his first wife's children. She was blessed, she would say, that he let her have one of her own. Granddad kept the cupboards full, but her closetfilledwith clothes she'd made herself; and children's games (no stanza break) 76 were bought with grocery money. Divorce came sudden when the children grew. But in the photograph she holds her grandson; her skin is smooth as his, her blue eyes bright. He looks up at her face, silent and calm, and holds herfingerin his tiny hand. 77 Part 5: Laughing Out Loud 78 'So does he live, seeking,finding,joying and suffering. The door which accident had opened is open still, but the cage remains forever empty!" Kate Chopin, "Emancipation: A Life Fable" 79 Sonnet Ending With A Moment of Silence If one gripped Ken and tumed his head halfway, replaced his right arm with his left, and left with right, and did the same thing with his legs, then one could make the case he's still the same. That is. Ken's torso doesn't fare too bad: His shoulder blades are not unlike his pecs, his neck's the same from front or back, and, heck, one couldn't see the difference, duly clad, between this Ken and his straightforward self But what is most grotesque for any Ken is that he lacks the plumbing of real men. For in that place where man most loves himself, where gonads should be swinging in the air, Mattel made Ken with nothing hanging there! 80 Growing Popcom I learned, when I was seven, that a popcom kemel would grow, so I planted one in the backyard where we'd once parked our swimming pool. Each day, I'd carry a bucket of water out to that circle's grassless edge, my sister jeering. Pop-corn doesn 't gro-ow! Pop-corn doesn 't gro-ow! A tiny spear of green poked from the sand. Mom asked to see. I towed her behind me and pointed at the little life I'd made. The leaf became a stalk, near eighteen inches tall, and my sister—^the one who, when I was two, bobby-pirmed an outlet and swayed Mom that current slipped through me to frazzle her; the one (stanza break) 81 who laughed when I hungfroma bar by my knees and fell on my head; the one who said my plant would never grow—^tore it from the earth, roots and all. We're in our thirties now, and my sister runs a day-care, sometimes wrangling ten kids at a time—chasing, wiping, changing— plus home school for her own. She's jealous of my time—^wants to go to school, like me. I hope for more: to take my Mother's hand and lead her by my resting wife's side, to blanket our child and offer her to Mother's waiting arms, to see her hold the little life my wife and I had made. 82 Spiders Make Us Dance A fet elegant one crawled up the comer of the study last night, four feet from my desk, where I sat composing. When I say fat, I mean one could see detail at that distance—Chairs on eight patellae, curvature of its thorax, little legs infrontthat look like fangs. I remember being—^pick an age— and Mom would be folding laundry when a spider, maybe half an inch, would crawl from the crotch of my stepdad's boxers or rappelfromthe ceiling and drop on a warm pile of whites. Clothes became projectiles, and Mom's screams were so loud the neighbors offered to help her land that man-of-hers in jail. Once Shannon, my sister, and I studied English at the table when (no stanza break) 83 she backed away, eyes wide, pointed at tiny claw legs crawling up my sleeve. I slapped hands all over my body, stepped hotfeet, tumed circles, screamed off! off! Afterward, I spotted it stepping across American Poetry, so I slammed the book, later swabbed its twitching legs with a paper towel. It left an absurd stain among Dickinson's A Spider sewed at Night and Ferlinghetti's charleychaplin man. So, when I say a fat, elegant arachnid crawled up the comer of my study, I mean the publisher retumed my manuscript, a deadline approached like a roller coaster descending, tracks busted out below. I mean the muse was flattened in a terrible accident. So I stabbed the spider with my pen. 84 Assembly Norberry thought we writhed on the floor, rolled in the aisles, bounced pew to pew, yelled, Praise-the-Lu-Jah! Halle-Lord! So, one Sunday we dressed him darkly and drove ten blocks to the Assembly of God. We sang and re-sang starkly, then the Reverend preached on backward masking that devil-lovers record on Rock-n-Roll, which surely leads to sex and (gasp) dancing!— how Satan invades our home through speakers in TVs and stereos. He spoke on sin and the dangers therein, how one sex is weaker, therefore a ten^tation, how strong drink and pot invite demon possession. At the show of hands and tongues-speaking, Norberry, hot (stanza break) 85 under his scratchy collar, having conspired to bed half the choir, well-versed in weed and Alice Cooper, raised his voice and inquired. What are they, high? 86 Laughing on the Outside Once again awake at 3 a.m, I open the blinds and watch rainfilterto the ground; drops on my windowfindeach other, trickle down the pane two by two, lose themselves in puddles at the sill. As a boy, I would stand to the sides of mirrors, mesmerized that I could see behind walls from certain angles. I wanted to step inside, explore that silver place, populate it with imagination, like Lewis's world beyond a wardrobe's fiir coats, or the land of wonder Carroll gave to Alice in exchange for the woman she'd become. Perfection has its price, they like to say, and if you're God, sometimes you have to make rain. When I was two, I could not breathe; doctorsriggedmy throat with tubes and tied me down—^here on my neck is the scar. I grew, joined the Army, soldiered in the Rhineland (stanza break) 87 where it rains more than any place I'd lived before, where a young man lost himself in an older woman's arms and feared for ten years to let her go, but did. Here in my heart is the scar; she has one too. The rain has slowed now; puddles spark with light concentric rings. I sit in the dark, blinds open. If I peer at just the right angle, I can see around the comer. The rain has gone, and I am not alone. 88 WORKS CITED Aleshire, Joan. "Staying News: A Defense of the Lyric." Poets Teaching Poets: Self and the World. Eds. Gregory Orr and Ellen Bryant Voigt. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1996. 28-47. Chopin, Kate. "Emancipation: A Life Fable." The Awakening and Selected Stories. Ed. Sandra M. Gilbert. New York: Penguin Books, 1984. 177-8. Dennis, Carl. "The Voice of Authority." Poets Teaching Poets: Self and the World. Eds. Gregory Orr and Ellen Bryant Voigt. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1996. 65-83. Drury, James. Creating Poetry. Cincinnati: Writer's Digest Books, 1991. Gibbons, Reginald. "Poetry and Self-Making." Poets Teaching Poets: Self and the World. Eds. Gregory Orr and Ellen Bryant Voigt. Aim Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1996. 187-207. Graham, Jorie. "Wanting a Child." from The Dream of the Unified Field. Hopewell, NJ: The Ecco P, 1995. Hayden, Robert. "Those Winter Sundays." from Collected Poems. New York: Liveright, 1971. Levine, Stephen. Who Dies? New York: Bantam Doubleday, 1982. Nietzsche, Friedrich. Beyond Good and Evil. Trans. Walter Kauftnaa New York: Random House, 1966. Orr, Gregory. Comment on "Gathering the Bones Together." Poetspeak: In Their Work About Their Work. Ed. Paul B. Janeczko. New York: Collier Books, 1991. 30-31. Ryan, Michael. "Poetry and the Audience." Poets Teaching Poets: Self and the World. Eds. Gregory Orr and Ellen Bryant Voigt. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1996. 159-184. Sexton, Anne. "Briar Rose (Sleeping Beauty)." from Transformations. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1971. Snodgrass, W.D. "The Men's Room in the College Chapel." from 4/?er Experience. New York: Harper & Row, 1968. 89 Wamke, Frank J.; Hardison, O.B., Jr.; &. Miner, Earl. "Voice." The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993. 1366-67. White, Edward M. "Introduction." The Writer's Control of Tone. New York: W. W. Norton, 1970. vii-xiii. WilHams, William Carlos. "Against the Weather: A Study of the Artist." Selected Essays. New York: New Directions, 1954. 196-219. Yangqi. "Silent Zen." Zen Essence: The Science of Freedom. Trans. Thomas Cleary. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1995. 43. 90
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