Name: ________________
Environmental Chemistry
Date: ________________
Topic 1 – 3 Review for Quiz
Total =
/
General
Outcome #1: Students will investigate and describe, in general terms, the
role of different substances in the environment in supporting or
harming humans and other living things.
General
Outcome #2: Identify processes for measuring the quantity of different
substances in the environment.
General
Outcome #3: Students will analyze and evaluate mechanisms affecting the
distribution of potentially harmful substances within an
environment.
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
/
____
1. The process of digestion produces chemicals known as nutrients. __________________
____
2. Organic farmers can use only pesticides derived from natural sources such as microbes,
insects, or minerals. ________________
____
3. In order to increase the amount of flowers to grow on rose bush you would want to use a
fertilizer with high nitrogen. _________________________
____
4. The major problem with the use of DDT is that it breaks down too quickly and harms other
species. _________________________
____
5. Herbicides are used to control insect pests. _________________________
____
6. Nutrients most essential to bone structure are phosphorous and calcium. _______________
____
7. It is possible to return acidified lakes to their normal pH by neutralizing them with an acidic
compound such as calcium carbonate. _________________________
____
8. A quick and safe method to determine if a substance is basic is to test it with red litmus,
which turns blue in contact with a base. _________________________
____
9. The tap root of a plant will allow it to increase its surface area for better absorption of
nutrients. _________________________
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 11. Nutrients are classified into two major groups,
a.
b.
c.
d.
organic and inorganic.
lipids and enzymes.
vitamins and minerals.
macromineral and trace elements.
____ 12. DDT will remain in the environment for many years without breaking down. We can
therefore predict that its concentration will
a.
b.
c.
d.
remain constant in the environment over time.
be higher in the tissues of predators than in the tissues of their prey.
be lower in the tissues of predators than in the tissues of their prey.
be higher in the ocean than on land.
____ 13. Which of the following are problems with using fertilizers:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Fertilizers are expensive.
Excess watering costs for fields.
Fertilizers need to be specific for the type of plant being grown.
All of the above.
____ 14. Chemicals that have a bitter taste or slippery feel are usually
a.
b.
c.
d.
acids.
bases.
catalysts.
enzymes.
____ 15. Which statement below best describes a catalyst?
a.
b.
c.
d.
It restores chemicals to their original state following a reaction.
It absorbs other substances in a chemical reaction.
It promotes complete oxidation in a chemical reaction.
It speeds up a chemical reaction, but is not used up in the reaction.
____ 16. Why is liming only effective if it is done repeatedly?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The calcium carbonate gets used up in the neutralizing reaction.
River, streams, and rain continually bring acidified water to the lake.
The neutralization reaction happens slowly.
Both a and b.
All are correct.
Completion
/6 marks
Complete each sentence or statement.
17. When harmful chemicals from cars and factories mix with ____________________ in the
sky, the result can be ______________________________.
To reduce harmful
emissions, factories can use _______________________ to spray the exhaust and remove
the damaging chemical.
18. Spraying crops with ___________________ to control pests has become a standard
practice worldwide. Herbicides are used to control ____________________, while
____________________ used to control fungus pests.
19. Red litmus turns ____________________ when it comes into contact with a base, and blue
litmus turns ______________ in an acid. A ______________________ is a more specific
way of comparing the relative acidity of different substances because it changes color for
each specific pH.
20. A substance with a pH less than 7.0 is called a(n) ____________________, while that with
a pH grater than 7.0 is called a(n) ____________________. Substances having a pH close
to, or equal to, 7.0 are ____________________ substances
Short Answer
21. Describe two positive and two negative outcomes of using DDT to control mosquitoes.
/4
Positive
Negative
22. You are a biologist hired by Environment Canada to study the amounts of DDT in a
wetland environment. Your field- work has given the following data:
a) How many times greater is the concentration of
DDT in the eagle than in the plankton?
/1
Sample
Water
Plankton
Fish tissue
Eagle tissue
DDT concentration
(ppb)
0.0001
2.0
40
5200
b) Explain how DDT from plankton can accumulate in the Eagle. What is this
process called?
/2
23. Use the following line to construct a pH Scale. Place in the appropriate numbers to finish the
scale. Indicate on your graph the acidic side. Indicate on your graph the basic side.
/2
24. What are:
3 Properties of Acids
3 Properties of Bases
/3
26. What does it mean if something is neutral?
/1
27. A truck carrying hydrochloric acid crashes and spills its load onto a highway near your town.
They need to get rid of the acid before it can get into the water system.
a. What is the best way to get rid of the acid? What is this process called?
/2
b. What will be two of the end products that will be produced?
/1
29. Matching: match the words on the left with the definitions on the right. Not all
definitions will be used.
/12
____ organic farming
A. rain or snow containing acid compounds from the
air
____ carbohydrates
____ enzymes
B. found in the meat of animals and in beans
____ proteins
C. feeding level in a food chain/food web
____ scrubber
D. antipollution system that removes sulfur dioxide
and contaminating gases from cars
____ higher-trophic level
E. comes from non-living things and is not
destroyed by cooking or exposure to air
____ acid precipitation
F. minerals needed at 100mg per day or more
____ catalytic converter
G. minerals needed less than 100mg per day
____ macromineral
H. uses a mist to get rid of harmful oxides produced
in factories
____ nutrients
I. storage of unused chemical energy
____ pesticides
J. a natural occurring catalyst that is used in our
bodies to speed up reactions
____ inorganic
K. a chemical used to control insects, weeds, and
funguses
____ lipids
L. chemicals in food used for energy, growth, body
building or cell repair
M. a process where the environment is not harmed
nor damaged and uses only natural occurring
biological controls
N. found in grains or rice