Geothermal Express Consultants Ltd.
Attila Kujbus Managing Director
Geothermal Potential in the
Pannonian Basin
Renewable Heating&Cooling Technology Platform
2nd Annual Conference, Budapest, 5 May 2011
Contents
1. Geological background, review of the geothermal potential
by isothermal maps
2. Opportunities of geothermal heating&cooling developments
by reviewing technological opportunities
3. Evaluation of the Hungarian Renewable Energy Action Plan
4. Heating and cooling market segments
2
Geological opportunities in the Pannonian Basin
Temperatures of Europe in 5000 meter depth
(EGEC)
Geothermal potential in Europe
(EGEC)
3
120oC isothermal map related to sea level in meter
4
160oC isothermal map related to sea level in meter
5
200oC isothermal map related to sea level in meter
6
Summary from the isothermal maps
Temperature
oC
Min. depth
m
Max. depth
m
Min. H&C
power, MWth
per well
Max. H&C
power, MWth
per well
80
1200
1500
2
4
120
1800
2200
4
8
160
2600
3200
6
12
200
3600
4200
8
16
• The geothermal potential is higher than the European average
• The geothermal gradient is 55 oC/km in the 75% of the Hungarian area
an also in the majoríty area of the Pannonian Basin.
• Based on the geothermal potential, almost the whole area of Hungary is
prospective for geothermal energy exploration, as well as competitive
heating&cooling energy production.
• Natural or artificial reservoirs, deeper than 3000 m, can be
prospective to supply thermal heat for geothermal power plants as well.
7
Key technical data to evaluate the geothermal
potential
Distribution and temperature
of thermal wells in Hungary
Source: VITUKI,
Hungarian Water Science
Research Institute, 2007
Calculated Load factor is 0.44
(A. Tóth, 2010)
Water
temperature
50-60
oC
60-70
oC
70-80
oC
80-90
oC
90-100
oC
Thermal
power per
well
3.12
3.80
5.47
6.07
8.57
>100
oC
11.50
Source:
Hungarian
Country Update,
Dr. Anikó Tóth,
2010
8
Opportunities of geothermal H&C development
Depth in
Plant model,
PannonnianB
MWth
asin (m)
Thermal
water
temperature
range (oC)
Average
power
(MWth)
Number of
installed
production
wells
Total power
(MWth)
1–3
500 – 1000
50 – 70
2
100
200
2–4
1000 – 1500
70 – 90
3
100
300
3–6
1500 – 2000
80 – 120
4.5
60
270
6 – 12
2000 – 2500
100 – 140
9
20
180
Electric pp
> 2500
70 - 90
3
30
90
3.7
310
1140
Total
The geothermal potential of the Pannonian Basin prove that
the Hungarian Renewable Energy Action Plan 2020 is feasible,
more ambitious objectives would also be feasible.
9
Segments of the geothermal heat production
Main segments of the geothermal heat production:
• ground source heat pumps (30oC – 60oC range),
• direct heat sales with thermal water production (60oC –
120oC range),
• heating part from outlet temperature of CHP electricity
production (the range from 70oC – 90oC to 40oC – 60oC ).
Further partial segments
• wide range cascade systems,
• hybrid systems with conventional energy resources
(combined with old HC field production),
• hybrid systems with other renewable energy resources
(biomass, biogas, etc.)
• heat storage.
10
Utilization of hydrocarbon wells
8000 hydrocarbon wells were
drilled in the latest 80 years. More
than 60% are abandoned and
numerous have good geothermal
potential.
Distribution of hydrocarbon wells
In the latest years exploration
projects determined several
advantages and constraints of the
utilization of existing wells.
Disadvantages
 Not optimal location for geothermal
purposes and small diameter
 Often old wells with incomplete
documentation
 Cement column is often not
appropriate
 No temperature insulation
 Prospective wells are far from heat
market
Advantages
 Lower well cost for each existing well
 Often existing infrastructure
 Existing core samples
 Well files; information
11
The development of geothermal energy
heating&cooling program depends on
 Research&Development
 geothermal exploration
 reinjection technologies
 sustainability
 Regulations
 consequent legislation
 licensing processes
 Macroeconomic background
 end of the World Crisis
 financial resources for renewable energy programs
 EU and Government subsidies
 innovation programs
 risk management programs.
12
Thank you for your attention!
Attila Kujbus
Managing Director
Geothermal Express Consultant Ltd.
26/B. Hant str. Budapest, H-1223
Fax: + 36 1 238 0817
Cell.: +36 70 618 1824
E-mail: [email protected]