ICOMEA
International Conference on Materials for Energy Applications
3 - 6 January 2017
COSDAF
超金剛石及
先進薄膜研究中心
Center Of Super-Diamond
and Advanced Films
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Organizing Committee ……………………………………………………..
Sponsors ………………………………………………………………..…....
Plenary & Invited Speakers .……………………………………….………
Conference Information ……..……………………………………….….....
Conference Venue Direction ...………………………………………….….
Program Summary ..………………………………………….……………..
Details of Technical Program ………………………………………………
January 3, 2017 (Tuesday) ……………………………………………………... 8
Registration and Welcoming Reception
January 4, 2017 (Wednesday)….……………………………………………… 8
Plenary Talks I By CUI Yi and HYEON Taeghwan [LT-17]
Session I-A:
Organic Photovoltaics I [LT-17]
Session I-B:
Advanced Functional Materials and Devices I [LT-13]
Session I-C
Nanomaterial for Energy Applications I [LT-15]
Plenary Talks II By TUNG Chen-Ho [LT-17]
Session II-A:
Organic Electronics [LT-17]
Session II-B:
Catalysis Generation and Storage I [LT-13]
Session II-C
Nanomaterial for Energy Applications II [LT-15]
Session III-A:
Organic Photovoltaics II [LT-17]
Session III-B:
Catalysis Generation and Storage II [LT-13]
Session IIII-C
Perovskite Solar Cells I [LT-15]
January 5, 2017 (Thursday) ……………………………….................................. 13
Plenary Talks III By ADACHI Chihaya and ZHU Daoben [LT-17]
Session IV-A:
Organic Light-Emitting Diode I [LT-17]
Session IV-B:
Battery I [LT-13]
Session IV-C
Perovskite Solar Cells II [LT-15]
Plenary Talks IV By WAN Li-Jun [LT-17]
Session V-A:
Organic Light-Emitting Diode II [LT-17]
Session V-B:
Battery II [LT-13]
Session V-C
Electrochemical Energy Storage I [LT-15]
Session VI-A:
Organic Light-Emitting Diode III [LT-17]
Session VI-B:
Battery III [LT-13]
Session VI-C
Electrochemical Energy Storage II [LT-15]
January 6, 2017 (Friday) ……………………………………………………..…18
Session VII-A: Organic Photovoltaics III [LT-13]
Session VII-B
Advanced Functional Materials and Devices II [LT-15]
Session VIII-A: Organic Photovoltaics IV [LT-13]
Session VIII-B: Perovskite Solar Cells IV [LT-15]
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
January 5, 2017 (Thursday) ……………………………………..…………… 20
Poster Session
Abstracts of Talks …………………………………………………………...23
Wednesday (Plenary Talks I, II & Session I-III) ……………………..………… 24
Thursday (Plenary Talks III, IV & Session IV-VI) …………………….............. 58
Friday (Session VII-VIII) ………………………..……………………………. 91
Abstracts of Posters …………………………………………………….…. 105
List of Participants …..……………………………………………………..139
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE:
ICOMEA2017
Chair: LEE Chun-Sing
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Tel: +852 3442 7826
Email: [email protected]
Co-Chair: MENG Xiangmin
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, China
Co-Chair: ZHANG Wen-Jun
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
International Advisory Committee Members:
ADACHI Chihaya, Kyushu University, Japan
FORREST Stephen, University of Michigan, USA
HYEON (Tag) Taeghwan, Seoul National University, Korea
IMAHORI Hiroshi, Kyoto University, Japan
KOCH Norbert, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany
LI Yongfang, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, China
LIFSHITZ Yeshayahu, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
LOU David Xiong-Wen, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
PARK Nam-Gyu, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
WAN Li-Jun, University of Science and Technology of China, China
WANG Pengfei, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, China
WU Chung-Chih, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
YAM Vivian Wing-Wah, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR
ZHANG Hua, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Local Organizing Committee Members:
CHAN Paddy K.L., The University of Hong Kong
CHOY Wallace C.H., The University of Hong Kong
KIM Jang-Kyo, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
LI Quan, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
LI Yangyang, City University of Hong Kong
WONG Raymond Wai Yeung, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
YAM Vivian Wing-Wah, The University of Hong Kong
YAN Feng, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
YANG Shihe, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
YU Y.W. Denis, City University of Hong Kong
ZAPIEN Juan Antonio, City University of Hong Kong
ZHANG Xuming, Hong Kong Polytechnic University
ZHU Furong, Hong Kong Baptist University
1
SPONSORS:
The organizers gratefully acknowledge financial support from:-
2
PLENARY* & INVITED SPEAKERS: (IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER)
* ADACHI Chihaya, Kyushu University, Japan
CHEN Chin-Ti, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
CHEN Hongzheng, Zhejiang University, China
CHEN Xiaodong, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
CHENG Huiming, Institute of Metal Research, China
CHO Kilwon, Pohang University of Science and Technoloy (POSTECH), Korea
* CUI Yi, Stanford University, USA
DUAN Lian, Tsinghua University, China
GAO Feng, Linköping University, Sweden
GONG Xiong, University of Akron, USA
HE Jr-Hau, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
HE Le, Soochow University, China
HU Bin, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA & Beijing Jiaotong University, China
HU Junqing,
* HYEON Taeghwan, Seoul National University & Institute for Basic Science, Korea
IMAHORI Hiroshi, Kyoto University, Japan
JEN Alex K-Y, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
JIANG Yang, Hefei University of Technology, China
KIM Jang-Kyo, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
KOCH Norbert, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Germany
LEE Tae-Woo, Seoul National University, Korea
LI Lain-Jong (Lance), King Abdullah Univ of Sci and Tech, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
LI Quan, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
LI Yangyang, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
LI Yongfang, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, China
LIN Zhiqun, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
LIU Bin, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
LIU Yunqi, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, China
LU Jian, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
PAN Xiao-Qing, University of California, Irvine, USA
QIN Chuanjiang, Kyushu University, Japan
SHRESTHA Lok Kumar, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan
SO Franky, North Carolina State University, USA
SONG Li, University of Science and Technology of China, China
SONG Weiguo, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, China
TANG Jianxin, Soochow University, China
TANG Yongbing, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS, China
TANG Zhiyong, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), China
* TUNG Chen-Ho, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, China
* WAN Lijun, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, China
WANG Chunru, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, China
WANG Dan, Griffith University, Australia & Institute of Process Engineering, CAS, China
WANG Xun, Tsinghua University, China
3
WANG Ying, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, China
WEI Zhixiang, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China
WONG Ken-Tsung, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
WONG Wai-Yeung Raymond, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
WU Chung-Chih, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
XIE Zengqi, South China University of Technology, China
YAN Feng, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
YAN He, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
YANG Shihe, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
YIN Longwei, Shandong University, China
YIP Hin-Lap Angus, South China University of Technology, China
YONG Kijung, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea
YOO Seunghyup, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Korea
YU Y.W. Denis, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
ZHANG Hua, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
ZHANG Qichun, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
ZHAO Huijun, Griffith University, Australia
ZHENG Zijian, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
ZHONG Xinhua, East China University of Science and Technology, China
* ZHU Daoben, Institute of Chemistry, CAS, China
ZHU Furong, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
CONFERENCE INFORMATION
4
Venue
Lecture Theatre 13, 15, 17
4/F. Podium, Academic Building 1,
City University of Hong Kong
Phone No.
+852 3442 4204
Fax. No.
+852 3442 0541
Mailing
Address
Center Of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF)
City University of Hong Kong
Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong
Hong Kong SAR
E-mail
[email protected] / [email protected]
Website
http://www.cityu.edu.hk/cosdaf/ICOMEA2017/Index.html
CONFERENCE VENUE DIRECTION:
Venue:
Lecture Theatre 13, 15, 17
4/F. Podium, Academic Building 1,
City University of Hong Kong
Conference Venue:
LT-13, 15, 17
4/F. Podium,
Academic Building 1
(AC1)
City University is located near the Kowloon-Tong Mass Transit Railway (MTR)
station and can be easily accessed via the #3M entrance of the Academic Building by
the following transportation means:
 MTR
 Taxis
Arrived at Pedestrian Subway
1. Take MTR East Rail Line or MTR Kwun Tong Line to “Kowloon Tong” station.
2. Exit at “Festival Walk” Exit C2
3. Find Shop LG1-10, take the escalator next to it, which bring you to a pedestrian subway
leading to CityU.
4. Pass through the pedestrian subway, go straight, and enter Academic 1.
5. Turn right and take the escalator to level 4 to the Podium
6. You will find the Signage to Lecture Theatre 13, 15 & 17.
Arrived at University Circle (U-Circle)
1. When you drop off at the University Circle, go along the covered walkway which will lead you
to the Academic Building 1.
2. Walk through the red doors, you will be on the 4th floor of Academic Building 1.
5
6
PROGRAM SUMMARY
Session VII-B:
Advanced Functional
Materials and Devices III
[LT-15] (09:00-10:15)
Session VIII-A:
Organic Photovoltaics
IV
[LT-13] (10:30-12:10)
Session VIII-B:
Perovskite Solar Cells
III
[LT-15] (10:30-12:10)
Session IV-C:
Perovskite Solar Cells II
[LT-15] (10:35-12:15)
Session IV-B:
Battery I
[LT-13] (10:35-12:15)
Session IV-A:
Organic Light-Emitting Diode I
[LT-17] (10:35-12:15)
Session I-C:
Nanomaterial for
Energy Applications I
[LT-15] (10:35-11:50)
Session I-B:
Advanced Functional
Materials and Devices I
[LT-13] (10:35-11:50)
Session I-A:
Organic Photovoltaics
I
[LT-17] (10:35-11:50)
AM Session
Lunch (City Top Restaurant, 9/F, Amenities Building)
Session VII-A:
Organic Photovoltaics III
[LT-13] (09:00-10:15)
Welcome & Opening
[LT-17] (08:45-09:00)
Closing Remarks &
Poster Award Presentation
(12:10-12:25)
Group Photo Taking (11:50)
Plenary Talk II
[LT-17] (09:00-10:20)
Plenary Talk by
Prof. ADACHI Chiyaha
&
Prof. ZHU Daoben
Plenary Talk I
[LT-17] (09:00-10:20)
Plenary Talk by
Prof. CUI Yi
&
Prof. HYEON Taeghwan
Jan 6, 2017
Fri
Jan 5, 2017
Thu
Jan 4, 2017
Wed
Jan 3, 2017
Tue
Tea Break (10:20-10:35)
Plenary Talk III
(13:30-14:10)
Plenary Talk by
Prof. TUNG Chen-Ho
Plenary Talk IV
(13:30-14:10)
Plenary Talk by
Prof. WAN Li-Jun
Session V-C:
Electrochemical
Energy Storage I
[LT-15] (14:15-15:10)
Session V-B:
Battery II
[LT-13] (14:15-15:10)
Session VI-C:
Electrochemical Energy Storage
II
[LT-15] (16:35-17:30)
Session VI-B:
Battery III
[LT-13] (16:35-17:30)
Session VI-A:
Organic Light-Emitting Diode
III
[LT-17] (16:35-17:30)
Session III-C:
Perovskite Solar Cells I
[LT-15] (15:50-17:20)
Session III-B:
Catalytic-Splitting for
Energy Applications II
[LT-13] (15:50-17:20)
Session III-A:
Organic Photovoltaics II
[LT-17] (15:50-17:20)
Conference Banquet
Session V-A:
Organic LightEmitting Diode II
[LT-17] (14:15-15:20)
Session II-C:
Nanomaterial for Energy
Applications II
[LT-15] (14:15-15:30)
Session II-B:
Catalytic-Splitting for Energy
Applications I
[LT-13] (14:15-15:30)
Session II-A:
Organic Electronics
[LT-17] (14:15-15:30)
PM Session
(16:00-18:00)
Tea Break
Outside
LT-15
Poster Session
[Outside LT-15] (15:10-16:35)
Registration
&
Welcoming
Reception
Jan 5, 2017
Thu
Jan 6, 2017
Fri
Jan 4, 2017
Wed
Jan 3, 2017
Tue
7
DETAILS OF TECHNICAL PROGRAM
TUESDAY
January 3, 2017
16:00
–
18:00
Registration with Welcoming Reception
[Venue: Outside LT-15, Academic Building 1]
WEDNESDAY
January 4, 2017
07:45
Registration
[Venue: Outside LT-15, Academic Building 1]
08:45
Welcome & Opening
[Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1]
LU Jian
Vice President of Research and Technology
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Plenary Talks I
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: TANG Zhiyong
(National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), China)
09:00
Plenary
1.1
Nanomaterials Design for Energy
CUI Yi
Stanford University, USA [Plenary]
09:40
Plenary
1.2
Engineering Archtecture Of Oxide And Chalcogenide
Nanomaterials
For Energy Applications
HYEON Taeghwan [Plenary]
10:20
8
BREAK & POSTER VIEWING
Session I-A: Organic Photovoltaics I
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: SO Franky (North Carolina State University, USA)
10:35
1.1.1
Metalloporphyrin-Based Small Molecules for Photovoltaic
Applications
ZHU Xunjin, WONG Wai-Kwok, WONG Wai-Yeung (Raymond)
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong [Invited]
11:00
1.1.2
Interface and Tandem Design for Polymer and Perovskite Solar Cells
YIP Hin-Lap
South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China [Invited]
11:25
1.1.3
Molecular Approach for Donor-Acceptor Linked Systems and
Organic Photovoltaics
IMAHORI Hiroshi
Kyoto University, Japan [Invited]
Session I-B: Advanced Functional Materials and Devices I
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: HE Le (Soochow University, China)
10:35
1.2.1
11:00
1.2.2
11:25
1.2.3
2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayer: A Promising
Candidate for Next Generation Electronics
LI Lain-Jong (Lance)
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [Invited]
Synthesis and Applications of Novel Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials
ZHANG Hua
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore [Invited]
Fullerene Nanoarchitectonics from Zero to Higher Dimensions
SHRESTHA Lok Kumar
National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan [Invited]
Session I-C: Nanomaterial for Energy Applications I
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: KIM Jang Kyo
(The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong)
10:35
1.3.1
Nanocarbons for Electrochemical Energy Storage
CHENG Hui-Ming
Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
[Invited]
11:00
1.3.2
Structural Nanomaterials For Advanced Energy Systems (Nuclear,
Solar, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion)
LU Jian
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong [Invited]
11:25
1.3.3
Compromising Nanocarbons and Layered Materials for Energy
Applications
SONG Li
University of Science and Technology of China, China [Invited]
11:50
GROUP PHOTO TAKING
12:10
LUNCH (City Top Restaurant, 9/F, Amenities Building)
9
Plenary Talks II
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: TANG Jianxin (Soochow University, China)
13:30
Plenary
2.1
Photocatalytic Splitting of Water into Molecular Hydrogen and
Oxygen
TUNG Chen-Ho, WU Li-Zhu, LI Zhi-Jun
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Plenary]
Session II-A: Organic Electronics
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: TANG Jianxin (Soochow University, China)
14:15
2.1.1
Design and Synthesis of Semiconducting Polymers for
High-Performance Field-Effect Transistors
LIU Yunqi
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Invited]
14:40
2.1.2
Advanced Nanotechnology For High-Performance Photovoltaic
Devices
YAN Feng
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong [Invited]
15:05
2.1.3
Flexible, Foldable and Multi-Functional Paper-Based Electronics
HE Jr-Hau
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [Invited]
Session II-B: Catalysis Generation and Storage I
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: SONG Weiguo
(Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
10
14:15
2.2.1
Combination of Biomimicking Methods of Natural Leaf:
Regeneration of Nonwetting Surface using Solar water Splitting
YONG Kijung, LEE Junghan, BAEK Seunghyun
POSTECH, Korea [Invited]
14:40
2.2.2
Promoting Catalytic Properties of Nanocrystals
by Tuning Their Chemical Environments
WANG Xun
Tsinghua University, China [Invited]
15:05
2.2.3
Unlocking Catalytic Potentials of Earth Abundant Materials for
Energy Conversion and Device Fabrication
ZHAO Huijun
Griffith University, Australia [Invited]
Session II-C: Nanomaterial for Energy Applications II
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: SONG Li (University of Science and Technology of China, China)
14:15
2.3.1
14:40
2.3.2
15:05
2.3.3
15:30
Multi-Shelled Metal Oxides Hollow Microspheres:
Synthesis, property & Application
WANG Dan
Griffith University, Australia
& Institute of Process Engineering, CAS, China [Invited]
Unlocking Catalytic Potentials of Earth Abundant Materials for
Energy Conversion and Device Fabrication
XU Zheng-Long, KIM Jang-Kyo
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,
Hong Kong [Invited]
Hierarchical composite structure of few-layers MoS2 nanosheets
supported by vertical graphene on carbon cloth for lithium ion
battery and hydrogen evolution reaction electrodes
ZHANG Zhenyu, ZHANG Wen-Jun
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
BREAK & POSTER VIEWING
Session III-A: Organic Photovoltaics II
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: YAN Feng (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong)
15:50
3.1.1
Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Fullerene Blends for High
Performance Solar Cells
SO Franky
North Carolina State University, USA [Invited]
16:15
3.1.2
Planar Organic Heterojunctions: From Photovoltaic Cell To Charge
Generation Layer
OPITZ Andreas, KOCH Norbert, BRÜTTING Wolfgang,MOONS Ellen
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany
16:30
3.1.3
Vacuum-Processed High Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Based on
Small Molecule
WONG Ken-Tsung
National Taiwan University, Taiwan [Invited]
16:55
3.1.4
Design Fullerene Acceptor Materials for High-performance Polymer
Solar Cells
WANG Chunru, ZHAO Fuwen, JIANG Li, MENG Xiangyue
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Invited]
17:20
3.1.5
An Insight on Oxide Interlayer in Organic Photovoltaics: From Light
Harvesting, Charge Recombination and Collection Perspectives
WU Bo, LAN Weixia, ZHU Furong
Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong [Invited]
11
Session III-B: Catalysis Generation and Storage I
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: ZHAO Huijun (Griffith University, Australia)
15:50
3.2.1
Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks: Emerging Materials for
Catalysis
TANG Zhiyong
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China [Invited]
16:15
3.2.2
Theoretical Calculations of Electrochemical Activities of Cu-BHT
Nanostructures on Catalyzing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
YAO Huiying, HUANG Xing, HAO Wei, ZHU Jia, LI Shuzhou, XU Wei
Beijing Normal University, China
16:30
3.2.3
Carbon based Nanostructures for High Performance Catalysis
SONG Weiguo
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Invited]
16:55
3.2.4
Improving Electron Transport in Nanostructured TiO2 Electrode
LIU Bin
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore [Invited]
Session III-C: Perovskite Solar Cells I
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: CHEN Chin-Ti (Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taiwan)
15:50
3.3.1
16:15
3.3.2
16:30
3.3.3
Rational Material Design, Interface, and Device Engineering for
High-Performance Polymer and Perovskite Solar Cells
JEN K-Y (Alex)
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong [Invited]
16:55
3.3.4
Energy Levels In Organic- And Perovskite-Based Photovoltaic Cells
KOCH Norbert
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany [Invited]
18:00
12
High Efficiency Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells and
Light-Emitting Diodes
CHO Himchan, KIM Young-Hoon, AHN Soyeong, JEONG Su-Hun,
PARK Min-Ho, LEE Tae-Woo
Seoul National University, Korea [Invited]
Robust Interface Engineering For Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Via A
Low Temperature, Stable And Solution Process
HE Zhubing
South University of Science and Technology of China, China
BANQUET
THURSDAY
January 5, 2017
Plenary Talks III
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: WU Chung-Chih (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
09:00
Plenary
3.1
Control Of Excitonic Processes In Organic Semiconductors Aimed
For High Performance Oleds And Organic Lasers
TSANG Daniel Ping-Kuen, NAKANOTANI Hajime, SANDANAYAKA
Atula S. D., MATSUSHIMA Toshinori, ADACHI Chihaya
Kyushu University, Japan [Plenary]
09:40
Plenary
3.2
Thermoelectric Conversion: New Opportunities and Challenges of
Organic Materials
ZHU Daoben
Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Plenary]
10:20
BREAK & POSTER VIEWING
Session IV-A: Organic Light-Emitting Diode I
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: YOO Seunghyup
(Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Korea)
10:35
4.1.1
11:00
4.1.2
11:25
4.1.3
11:50
4.1.4
Highly Efficient And Color-Stable Hybrid White Organic LightEmitting Diodes Using A Blue Emitter With Thermally Activated
Delayed Fluorescence
DUAN Lian
Tsinghua University, China [Invited]
Controllable Synthesis of Highly-Fluorescent Cesium Lead Halide
Perovskite Quantum Dots and Their Use in White Light Emitting
Diodes
JIANG Yang, LI Guopeng, CHANG Yajing, ZHU Zhifeng, WANG Hui
Hefei University of Technology (HFUT), China [Invited]
Enhanced Extraction in Flexible OLEDs with Nanostructured
Substrates
TANG Jianxin
Soochow University, China [Invited]
Development of High EQE OLEDs: from Efficient Internal
Generation to External Extraction
WU Chung-Chih, WONG Ken-Tsung, CHI Yun
National Taiwan University, Taiwan [Invited]
13
Session IV-B: Battery I
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: YU Y.W. (Denis) (City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
10:35
4.2.1
Rational Materials Design for Ultrafast Rechargeable Lithium-ion
Batteries
CHEN Xiaodong
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore [Invited]
11:00
4.2.2
Hierarchically Porous Materials as Electrodes for Energy Storage
Batteries
YIN Longwei, LI Zhaoqiang, GE Xiaoli, ZHANG Zhiwei, LI Qun
Hefei University of Technology (HFUT), China [Invited]
11:25
4.2.3
Developing Sn Based Alloy Materials For Anode Applications In NaIon Batteries
WANG Wenhui, LAN Danni, LI Quan
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong [Invited]
11:50
4.2.4
Recent Progress of the Novel Aluminum-Graphite Dual-Ion Battery
ZHANG Xiaolong, ZHANG Fan, TONG Xuefeng, JI Bifa, SHENG
Maofa, LEE Chun-Sing, TANG Yongbing
Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Invited]
Session IV-C: Perovskite Solar Cells II
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: KOCH Norbert (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany)
10:35
4.3.1
High Performance Solution-Processed Perovskite Hybrid Solar Cells
via Device Engineering and Novel Materials
GONG Xiong
The University of Akron, USA [Invited]
11:00
4.3.2
Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells under Continuous Light
Irradiation
QIN Chuanjiang, MATSUSHIMA Toshinori, ADACHI Chihaya
Kyushu University, Japan [Invited]
11:25
4.3.3
11:50
4.3.4
Surfactant n-Dopant in Cathode Interlayer or Electron Transport
Layer for Polymer or Perovskite Solar Cells with Improving
Performance
CHANG Chih-Yu, HUANG Wen-Kuan, LEE Kuan-Ting, WU Jhao-Lin,
CHEN Chao-Tsen, CHEN Chin-Ti
3Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taiwan [Invited]
Interface and Crystallization Engineering of Organic/Inorganic
Hybrid Materials for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
YANG Shihe
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,
Hong Kong [Invited]
12:15
14
LUNCH (City Top Restaurant, 9/F, Amenities Building)
Plenary Talks IV
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: JIANG Yang (Hefei University of Technology, China)
13:30
Plenary
4.1
Electrochemical Process and Interfacial Structure
in Lithium-Sulfur Battery: Materials and in Situ AFM Study
WAN Li-Jun
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
and University of Science and Technology of China, China [Plenary]
Session V-A: Organic Light-Emitting Diode II
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: : JIANG Yang (Hefei University of Technology, China)
14:15
5.1.1
14:40
5.1.2
14:55
5.1.3
Multilayer Transparent Electrodes: from Flexible OLEDs to Seethrough Solar Cells
YOO Seunghyup, LEE Jaeho, KIM Hoyeon
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Korea
[Invited]
Triplet Harvesting in Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Hybrid
White OLEDs
LIU Xiaoke, LEE Chun-Sing, ZHANG Xiao-Hong
Linköping University, Sweden
Novel Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence MaterialsThioxanthone Derivatives and Their Application for OLEDs
WANG Ying, WANG Hui, MENG Lingqiang, XIE Lisha, LV Xiaopeng,
WANG Pengfei
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Invited]
Session V-B: Battery II
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: : LI Quan (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
14:15
5.2.1
14:40
5.2.2
14:55
5.2.3
15:10
5.2.4
In-Situ Measurement Of The Thickness Change Of Dense Si
Electrodes In Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Electrochemical
Dilatometry
LEE Pui-Kit, LI Yingshun, YU Y.W. (Denis)
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong [Invited]
Improved Electrochemical Performance Of Sno2/CNT Anodes For
Na-Ion Batteries With Controlled Crystallinity And Reaction
Kinetics
CUI Jiang, YAO Shanshan, KIM Jang-Kyo
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
Nanorod to Porous Nanofibers: a Novel Strategy to Improve
Lithium-Ion Storage
LI Huan-Huan, ZHANG Jing-Ping
Northeast Normal University, China
Functional Polymer Electrolytes For Flexible Energy Storage Devices
ZHI Chunyi
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
15
Session V-C: Electrochemical Energy Storage I
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: : PAN Xiao-Qing (University of California, Irvine, USA)
14:15
5.3.1
14:40
5.3.2
14:55
5.3.3
15:10
Functional Porous Nanomaterials Enabled By Convenient
Electrochemical Methods For Energy Applications
BIAN Haidong, XIAO Xufen, WANG Aiwu, ZENG Shanshan,
ZHAN Yawen, LI Yang Yang
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong [Invited]
Nanorod to Porous Nanofibers: a Novel Strategy to Improve
Lithium-Ion Storage
NAZARIAN-SAMANI Masoud, HAGHIGHAT-SHISHAVAN Safa,
KIM Myeong-Seong, LEE Suk-Woo, KASHANI-BOZORG Seyed
Farshid, KIM Kwang-Bum
Yonsei University, Korea
Nanowire Devices for Electrochemical Energy Storage
MAI Liqiang, ZHAO Yunlong, NIU Chaojiang
Wuhan University of Technology, China
POSTER SESSION
Session VI-A: Organic Light-Emitting Diode III
Venue: LT-17, Academic Building 1
Chairman: DUAN Lian (Tsinghua University, China)
16
16:35
6.1.1
17:00
6.1.2
17:15
6.1.3
Effects of Spin States in Perovskite Solar Cells and Light-emitting
Devices
HU Bin
The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
and Beijing Jiaotong University, China [Invited]
High-efficiency Nondoped Deep Blue Light-emitting Materials Based
on Bisphenanthroimidazole Derivatives
TONG Qing-Xiao, LEE Chun-Sing, CHEN Wen-Cheng
Shantou University, China
Highly Efficient Blue-Green-Emitting Diodes With Cationic
Iridium(III) Complexes
MA Dongxin, QIU Yong, DUAN Lian
Tsinghua University, China
Session VI-B: Battery III
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: YIN Longwei (Shandong University, China)
16:35
6.2.1
Conjugated Polymers as promising electrode materials for Li-ion
Batteries
ZHANG Qichun
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore [Invited]
17:00
6.2.2
Sub-2nm Thick Fluoroalkylsilane Self-Assembled Monolayer-Coated
High Voltage Spinel Crystals as Promising Cathode Materials for
Lithium Ion Batteries
ZETTSUA Nobuyuki, TESHIMA Katsuya
Shinshu University, Japan
17:15
6.2.3
Charge-driven Synthesis of Straw-sheaf-like Cobalt Oxides with
Excellent Cyclability and Rate Capability for Advanced Lithium-ion
Batteries
LU Xiao-Ying, WANG Bin, AU Wai Kuen, GUO Hongfan
Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Session VI-C: Electrochemical Energy Storage II
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: LI Yangyang (City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
16:35
6.3.1
Epitaxial CaTi5O11 and TiO2-B Thin Films for High Rate LithiumIon Batteries
PAN Xiao-Qing
University of California – Irvine, USA [Invited]
17:00
6.3.2
Enhancing The Anode Performance Of Antimony Through NitrogenDoped Carbon And Carbon Nanotubes
LIU Xia, DAI Zhihui
Nanjing Normal University, China
17:15
6.3.3
Composition and Interface Engineering of MoS2xSe2-2x Nanosheets
for Superior Electrochemical Performance
XU Jun
Hefei University of Technology, China
17
FRIDAY
January 6, 2017
Session VII-A: Organic Photovoltaics III
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: GAO Feng (Linköping University, Sweden)
09:00
7.1.1
Non-fullerene acceptor-based polymer solar cells with high opencircuit voltage
CHEN Hongzheng
Zhejiang University, China [Invited]
09:25
7.1.2
09:50
7.1.3
Ternary Blends For Large Area Flexible Organic Solar Cells
ZHANG Yajie, ZHANG Jianqi, LU Kun, WEI Zhixiang
National center for Nanoscience and Technology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Invited]
Photoconductive Cathode Interlayers for High Performance Organic
Solar Cells
XIE Zengqi
South China University of Technology, China [Invited]
Session VII-B: Advanced Functional Materials and Devices II
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: SHRESTHA Lok Kumar
(National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS). Japan)
09:00
7.2.1
Functional Optical Nanostructures: Assembly, Properties and
Applications
HE Le, ZHANG Xiao-Hong
Soochow University, China [Invited]
09:25
7.2.2
Interesting Flowing Of Molten Metal/Alloy In A Nanotube/Nanowire
ZOU Rujia, LIU Qian, ZHANG Zhenyu, HU Junqing
Donghua University, China [Invited]
09:50
7.2.3
High-performance Wearable Supercapacitor Textiles
ZHENG Zijian
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Invited]
10:15
18
BREAK & POSTER VIEWING
Session VIII-A: Organic Photovoltaics IV
Venue: LT-13, Academic Building 1
Chairman: WEI Zhixiang (National center for Nanoscience and Technology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
10:30
8.1.1
10:55
8.1.2
11:20
8.1.3
Metal Nanoparticle-assisted Crystallization of Perovskite Active
Layer for High Performance Solar Cells
ALI Asgher Syed, ZHU Furong
The Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
11:35
8.1.4
Two-Dimension-Conjugated Polymer Donor Materials for Polymer
Solar Cells
LI Yongfang
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [Invited]
Molecular Orientation-Dependent Photovoltaic Performance
in Organic Solar Cells
CHO Kilwon
Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea [Invited]
Non-Radiative Recombination In Organic Solar Cells
GAO Feng
Linköping University, Sweden [Invited]
Session VIII-B: Perovskite Solar Cells III
Venue: LT-15, Academic Building 1
Chairman: GONG Xiong (The University of Akron, USA)
10:30
8.2.1
High Efficiency Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells
ZHONG Xinhua
East China University of Science and Technology, China [Invited]
10:55
8.2.2
11:20
8.2.3
Engineering Light Absorption and Film Crystallization for HighEfficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
HE Ming, LIN Zhiqun
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA [Invited]
Efficient Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells with a Negligible Charge
Separation Driving Force
YAN, He
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
[Invited]
12:00
CLOSING REMARKS & POSTER AWARD PRESENTATION (LT-13)
12:20
LUNCH (City Top Restaurant, 9/F, Amenities Building)
----- End -----
19
THURSDAY
January 5, 2017
Poster Session
Venue: Outside LT-15, Academic Building 1
Time: 15:10-16:35
P-01
P-02
P-03
P-04
P-05
Boosting the Performances of Perovskite Photodetectors by Periodic NanoGrating Hole Transporting Layer
LI Ning, ALI Asgher Syed, , ZHU Furong
Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Improved efficiency and stability of organic photovoltaic device using UVozone treated ZnO anode buffer
CHAN Chiu-Yee, WEI Yu-Fang, THACHOTH CHANDRAN Hrisheekesh, LEE
Chun-Sing, LO Ming-Fai, NG Tsz-Wai
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Low-Temperature-Processed Flexible Organic-Inorganic Hybrid
Heterojunction Rectified Diodes
CHANG Ching-Hsiang, HSU Chao-Jui, WU Chung-Chih
National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Anodic nanoporous SnO2 grown on Cu foils as superior binder-free Na-ion
battery anodes
BIAN Haidong, ZHANG Jie, YUEN Muk-Fung, KANG Wenpei, ZHANG
Yawen, YU Denis Y.W., XU Zhengtao, LI Yang
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
First-Principles Design of Iron-Based Active Catalysts for Adsorption and
Dehydrogenation of H2O Molecule on Fe(111), W@Fe(111), and W2@Fe(111)
Surfaces
HSIAO Ming-Kai, YAO Bo-Ting, JU Shin-Pon, CHEN Hui-Lung
P-06
P-07
P-08
P-09
P-10
20
Chinese Culture University, Taiwan
Highly Efficient Deep-Blue Electroluminescence from a Charge-Transfer
Emitter with Stable Donor Skeleton
CHEN Wen-Cheng, LEE Chun-Sing
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
High-Performance Color-Tunable Perovskite Light Emitting Devices
through Structural Modulation from Bulk to Layered Film
CHEN Ziming, ZHANG Chongyang, JIANG Xiao-Fang, LIU Meiyue,
XIA Ruoxi, SHI Tingting, CHEN Dongcheng, XUE Qifan, ZHAO Yu-Jun, SU
Shijian, YIP Hin-Lap, CAO Yong
South China University of Technology, China
The Detrimental Effect of Excess Mobile Ions in Planar CH3NH3PbI3
Perovskite Solar Cells
CHENG Yuanhang, LI Ho-Wa, XIE Yuemin, XU Xiuwen, TSANG Sai Wing
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Edge-exposed Graphene Flexible Supercapacitor with Polymer Electrolyte
CHOI Yeon Jun, LEE Suk Woo, LEE Geon-Woo, PARK Byung-Hoon,
KIM Tae-Ho, JUNG Dae Soo, KIM Kwang-Bum
Yonsei University, Korea
Flexible Fiber-Shaped Supercapacitor Based On Nickel-Cobalt Double
Hydroxide And Pen Ink Electrodes On Metallized Carbon Fiber
GAO Libo, LU Yang
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
P-11
Low-Light Photodetectors and Photovoltaics Based on Si/PEDOT:PSS
Hybrid Devices
TSAI Meng-Lin, TANG Libin, CHEN Lih-Juann, LAU Shu-Ping, HE Jr-Hau
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology,
P-12
High-Rate Li4Ti5O12/N-doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite for High
Power Energy Storage Devices
JEONG Jun Hui, KIM Myeong-Seong, KIM Young-Hwan, KIM Kwang-Bum
Yonsei University, Korea
Enhanced Light Harvesting in Perovskite Solar Cells via Nanostructures
Patterned Fullerene Passivation Layers
WEI Jian, XU Rui-Peng, TANG Jian-Xin
Soochow University, China
Activated Graphene Microspheres for Supercapacitor Application
KIM Young-Hwan, KIM Kwang-Bum
Yonsei University, Korea
Sn4P3 Nanotops Based Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries
LAN Danni, WANG Wenhui, LI Quan
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
On the Study of Exciton Binding Energy with Direct Charge Generation in
Photovoltaic Polymers
LI Ho-Wa, GUAN Zhiqiang, CHENG Yuanhang, LUI Taili, YANG Qingdan,
LEE Chun-Sing, CHEN Song, TSANG Sai-Wing
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Rational Design of Hollow Carbon Nanofibers Inserted MnO Micro-Nano
Spheres with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Li-Ion Batteries
LI Huan-Huan, ZHANG Jing-Ping
Northeast Normal University, China.
Solution-Processed, Mercaptoacetic Acid-Engineered Quantum Dots
Photocathode for Efficient Hydrogen Generation under Visible Light
Irradiation
LIU Bin, LI Xu-Bing, WU LI-Zhu, TUNG Chen-Ho, ZHANG Wen-Jun
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Low Temperature Processed Photoconductive Cathode Interlayer For
Inverted Polymer Solar Cells
LUO Yinqi, XIE Zengqi
South China University of Technology, China
Various Morphologies Of WO3 Nanostructures Fabricated By Hydrothermal
Methods And Its Effects On Photo-Catalytic Properties
PARK Soo-Min, RYU Sung-Myung, NAM Chunghee
Hannam University, Korea
Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence OLEDs Based on
Functional Phenylpyridinato Boron Complexes
SHIU Yi-Jiun, CHEN Yi-Ting, LEE Wei-Kai, WU Chung-Chih, LIN Tzu-Chieh,
LIU Shih-Hung, CHOU Pi-Tai, LU Chin-Wei, CHENG I-Chen, LIEN Yi-Jyun,
CHI Yun
National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) Photoanodes For Photoelectrochemical
Water Splitting Devices
SHI Yuanyuan, HAN Tingting, SONG Xiaoxue, MIO Antonio, VALENTI Luca,
PRIVITERA Stefania, LOMBARDO Salvatore, LANZA Mario
Soochow University, China
User Infrastructures for Energy Material Science at the Helmholtz Zentrum
Berlin für Materialien und Energie HZB
VOLLMER Antje
Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Germany
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
P-13
P-14
P-15
P-16
P-17
P-18
P-19
P-20
P-21
P-22
P-23
21
P-24
P-25
P-26
P-27
P-28
P-29
P-30
P-31
P-32
P-33
Enhanced Cycle Performance Of Sn4P3 Anode in Na-Ion Batteries Using TiC
WANG Wenhui, LI Quan
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Studies of Charge Recombination and Collection Behaviors in Non-fullerene
Based Organic Solar Cell
WANG Yiwen, ZHU Furong
Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Theoretical Calculations of Electrochemical Activities of Cu-BHT
Nanostructures on Catalyzing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
YAO Huiying, HUANG Xing, HAO Wei, ZHU Jia, LI Shuzhou, XU Wei
Beijing Normal University, China
Amorphous Red P Encapsulated In Hollow Porous Carbon Nanoshpere For
Sodium Storage With Exceptional Long-Term Cyclic Stability
YAO Shanshan, CUI Jiang, KIM Jang-Kyo
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
High Efficiency Hysteresis-Free Perovskite Solar Cells With A Solution
Processed Vanadium Oxide (VOx) Hole Extraction Layer
YAO Xiang, GONG Xiong
South China University of Technology, China
Color-Tunable Microwave Synthesis of Cadimum-Free ZnS:Cu Nanocrystals
and Potential Application for LEDs
ZHANG Kui, CHEN Shengmei, ZAPIEN Juan Antonio
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Increase the Stability of TADF based OLED by Using Modified Carbazole
with Tert-Butyl and Phenyl
DUAN Lian, ZHANG Yunge
Tsinghua University, China
Hierarchical Composite Structure of Few-Layers MoS2 Nanosheets
Supported by Vertical Graphene on Carbon Cloth for Lithium Ion Battery
and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrodes
ZHANG Zhenyu, ZHANG Wen-Jun
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
A Dual-Ion Battery Constructed with Aluminum Foil Anode and
Mesocarbon Microbead Cathode in an Ionic Liquid Electrolyte
ZHANG Fan, JI Bifa, TONG Xuefeng, SHENG Maohua, TANG Yongbing,
LEE Chun-Sing
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Epitaxy of Layered Orthorhombic SnS-SnSxSe(1-x) Core-Shell
Heterostructures with Anisotropic Photoresponse
XIA Jing, MENG Xiang-Min
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
----- End -----
22
Abstract of Talks
23
Plenary1.1
Nanomaterials Design for Energy
1
Yi Cui1,2*#
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, USA; 2 Stanford Institute
for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, USA
Keywords: Nanomaterials, Energy, Battery, Catalysis, textile.
Materials design at nanoscale has enabled novel technologies which can address critical energy
problems. My group’s research in the past decade has been focused on innovative ideas in this area.
Here I will show multiple examples how nanomaterials design can allow us to control photons,
electrons, ions and heat. Examples include: 1) high energy batteries; 2) electrochemical tuning of
catalysts 3) cooling and heating textile for personal thermal management.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
24
Plenary1.2
Engineering Architecture of Oxide and Chalcogenide Nanomaterials
For Energy Applications
Taeghwan Hyeon1,2
1
Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-742, Korea; 2School
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of
Korea.
Engineering of dimension, shape, and topology of nanomaterials is critical for their energy device
applications. Over the last 17 years, our laboratory has focused on the designed chemical synthesis,
assembly and applications of uniform-sized nanocrystals. More recently we have been focused on the
architecture engineering of nanomaterials for their applications to lithium ion battery, fuel cell
electrocatalysts, solar cells, and thermoelectrics.
For example, we demonstrated galvanic replacement reactions in metal oxide nanocrystals for the
first time. When Mn3O4 nanocrystals were reacted with iron(II) perchlorate, hollow box-shaped
nanocrystals of Mn3O4/γ-Fe2O3 were produced. These oxide-based nanomaterials exhibit very high
specific capacity and good cyclability for lithium ion battery anodes. We report a simple synthetic
method of carbon-based hybrid cellular nanosheets loaded with SnO2 nanoparticles. The resulting
SnO2-carbon nanosheets exhibit specific capacity of 914 mAh g-1 with the retention of 97.0% during
300 cycles, and the reversible capacity is decreased by only 20% as the current density is increased
from 200 mA g-1 to 3000 mA g-1.
We present a synthesis of highly durable and active intermetallic ordered face-centered tetragonal
(fct)-PtFe nanoparticles (NPs) coated with “dual purpose” N-doped carbon shell. Our ordered fctPtFe/C nanocatalyst coated with N-doped carbon shell shows 11.4 times-higher mass activity and
10.5 times-higher specific activity than commercial Pt/C catalyst. Moreover, we accomplished the
long-term stability in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for 100 hr without significant activity
loss.
We demonstrate that the photovoltaic performance of copper-indium-selenide (CISe) quantum dot
(QD)-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) can be greatly enhanced simply by optimizing the thickness of
ZnS overlayers on the QD-sensitized TiO2 electrodes. Our best cell yields a conversion efficiency of
8.10% under standard solar illumination, a record high for heavy metal-free QD solar cells to date.
Thermoelectrics directly converts waste heat into electricity and is considered a promising means
of sustainable energy generation. While most of the recent advances in the enhancement of the
thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) resulted from a decrease in lattice thermal conductivity by
nanostructuring, there have been very few attempts to enhance electrical transport properties, i.e.,
power factor. We use nanochemistry to stabilize bulk bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) that violates phase
equilibrium, namely, phase-pure n-type K0.06Bi2Te3.18. Incorporated potassium and tellurium in
Bi2Te3 far exceeds their solubility limit, inducing simultaneous increase in the electrical conductivity
and the Seebeck coefficient along with decrease in the thermal conductivity. Consequently, a high
power factor of ~43 W cm–1 K–2 and a high ZT > 1.1 at 323 K are achieved.
25
1.1.1
Metalloporphyrin-Based Small Molecules for Photovoltaic Applications
Xunjin Zhu1*, Wai-Kwok Wong1, Wai-Yeung Wong1,2*#
Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist
University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
2
Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
1
Keywords: energy, organic solar cell, photovoltaics, porphyrin, transition metal
With the development of accessible and renewable energy sources, solution-processed bulk
heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ OSCs) have been well developed and recognized as one of
the most promising next-generation green technology alternatives to inorganic solar cells because of
their solution processability, low cost, light weight, and flexibility. Specifically, small-molecule BHJ
OSCs have attracted much attention recently, in which small molecules as donor materials show
defined molecular structure and molecular weight, high purity, and less batch-to-batch variations in
comparison with their polymer counterparts. In dye-sensitized solar cells, porphyrin-based push–pull
photosensitizers have demonstrated their success for their large and rigid planar conjugated
structures, which can enhance π-electron delocalization and promote intermolecular π–π interaction,
as well as charge transport in devices. However, either polymers or small molecules that are
porphyrin based show less contribution in BHJ OSCs, and the main impediments to performance are
unfavorable aggregation, short exciton diffusion length and low charge mobility. In this talk, a series
of new A-D-A metalloporphyrin-based molecules were designed, synthesized and characterized.
These molecules can be used as efficient electron donors in high-performance solution-processed
BHJ OSCs.
Acknowledgement
We thank the financial support from the Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee,
Hong Kong SAR (AoE/P-03/08). We also thank Prof. X.B. Peng for the device measurements.
References
[1] Chen, S.; Xiao, L.; Zhu, X.; Peng, X.; Wong, W.-K.; Wong, W.-Y. Chem. Commun., 2015, 51, 14439.
[2] Wang, H.; Xiao, L.; Yan, L.; Chen, S.; Zhu, X.; Peng, X.; Wang, X.; Wong, W.-K.; Wong, W.-Y.
Chem. Sci., 2016, 7, 4301.
[3] Xiao, L.; Chen, S.; Gao, K.; Peng, X.; Liu, F.; Cao, Y.; Wong, W.-Y.; Wong, W.-K.; Zhu, X.
ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2016, 8, 30176.
26
1.1.2
Interface and Tandem Design for Polymer and Perovskite Solar Cells
Hin-Lap Yip*,#
State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou, China
Keywords: Interface engineering, tandem cell design, polymer solar cells, perovskite solar cells
Interface engineering is a critical strategy for improving the performance of both polymer and
organometal trihalide perovskite (eg. CH3NH3PbI3) solar cells. A good interfacial material should
fulfil several requirements including 1) good charge selectivity to improve the charge collection
efficiency at the corresponding electrodes, 2) matched energy levels with the conduction band and
valence band of the light harvesting film to maximize the photovoltage of the solar cells, 3) high
conductivity to minimize the interfacial resistance loss and forming Ohmic contact with the
electrodes.1 In the first part of my talk I will discuss several strategies to design new conjugated
polymer-based interfacial materials with desired electrical conductivity, energy levels and
processibility to improve the charge collection efficiency of polymer solar cells.2 The application of
these interfacial materials as interconnection layer for highly efficient tandem polymer solar cells
will also be discussed.3 In the second part of my talk, I will discuss how we can apply the knowledge
we learned from the interface engineering of polymer solar cells to design new class of electron4,5
and hole transport materials6,7 as efficient charge selective layers to improve the performance of
perovskite solar cells.
Polymer Solar Cell
Perovskite Solar Cell
Metal
Electron selec ve layer
Bulk‐heterojunc on
Hole selec ve layer
ITO
Glass or Plas c
Metal
Electron selec ve layer
Perovskite
Hole selec ve layer
ITO
Glass or Plas c
Donor LUMO
e"#
X#
HSL
h+#
Acceptor LUMO
e"#
EF,e
Metal
-
BHJ
EF,h
Voc ESL
+
X#
Donor HOMO
Acceptor HOMO
X#
HSL
h+#
Transparent
electrode
Transparent
electrode
h+#
e"#
Conduction band
e"#
Metal
Perovskite Voc ESL
X#
Valence band
h+#
References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
#
*
H.-L. Yip, A. K.-Y. Jen, Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5994-6011.
Z. Wu, H.-L. Yip, F. Huang, Y. Cao, et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2016, 138, 2004–2013
K. Zhang, F. Huang, X. Peng, L. Ding, H.-L. Yip, et al, Adv. Mater., 2016, 28, 4817-4823.
S. Chen, H.-L. Yip, M. Wang, F. Huang, et al, Adv. Energy Mater., 2016, 6, 1501534.
Y. Xing, H.-L. Yip, G. C. Bazan, F. Huang, Y. Cao, et al, Nano Energy, 2016, 26, 7-15.
Q. Xue, B. Zhang, H.-L. Yip, Y. Cao, et al, Adv. Energy Mater., 2016, 6, 1502021.
Y. Bai, H.-L. Yip, S. Yang, et al, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2016, 26, 2950–2958.
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
27
1.1.3
G Molecular Approach for Donor-Acceptor Linked Systems and Organic Photovoltaics
Hiroshi Imahori1,2*,#
Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 6158510, Japan
2
Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku,
Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
1
Keywords: photoinduced electron transfer, donor-acceptor interaction, porphyrin, nanocarbons, organic
photovoltaics
Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) is one of the most fundamental processes in physics, chemistry, and
biology. Photoinduced charge separation (CS) at the interfaces of polymer solar cells (PSCs) and dyesensitized solar cells (DSSCs) generates an electron-hole pair, eventually achieving light-to-electricity
conversion. However, the interfaces of semiconductor/dye and donor/acceptor (D/A) in artificial
photosynthesis and organic photovoltaic cells often suffer from the partial or even large loss of the chargeseparated state at the early stage, which has still been controversial and not unveiled owing to inevitable
inhomogeneous spatial distribution of D-A components. In this talk I will give an overview of our recent
results on D-A linked models and organic photovoltaics based on rational molecular design.
First, unprecedented dependence of final CS efficiency as a function of D-A interaction in the covalentlylinked molecules with a rectilinear rigid oligo-p-xylene bridge is described. Optimization of the D-A
electronic coupling remarkably inhibits the undesirable rapid decay of the singlet charge-separated state to the
ground state, yielding the final long-lived, triplet charge-separated state with ~100% efficiency. This finding
is extremely useful for rational design of artificial photosynthesis and organic photovoltaics toward efficient
solar energy conversion.
Second, DSSCs are presented in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and durability. Specifically,
tropolone was employed as a new anchoring group for DSSCs. The DSSC based on a porphyrin with the
tropolone moiety, YD2-o-C8T exhibited a PCE of 7.7%, which is almost comparable to a reference porphyrin
with a conventional carboxylic group, YD2-o-C8. More importantly, YD2-o-C8T was found to display the
superior DSSC durability as well as binding ability to TiO2 to YD2-o-C8. These results unambiguously
demonstrate that tropolone is the highly promising anchoring group of any dyes for DSSCs in terms of device
durability as well as photovoltaic performance.
Finally, I will focus on PSCs. C60 and C70 derivatives are predominantly used as electron acceptors in
efficient PSCs. However, as-prepared C60 bis-adducts as well as C70 mono-adducts intrinsically comprise
regioisomers that would mask individual device performances depending on the substituent position on the
fullerenes. We separated the regioisomers of C60 bis-adducts and C70 mono-adducts for the PSC applications
for the first time. In particular, systematic investigations of the substituent position effect using a novel
symmetric C70 mono-adduct ([70]NCMA) and a prevalent, high-performance one ([70]PCBM) reveals that we
can control the structures of the blend films with conjugated polymers and thereby improve the PSC
performances by the regioisomer separation. Our approach demonstrates the significance of exploring the
best-matching regioisomer of C60 bis-adducts and C70 mono-adducts with high-performance conjugated
polymers, which would achieve a remarkable progress in PSC devices.
1) T. Higashino, T. Yamada, M. Yamamoto, A. Furube, N. V. Tkachenko, T. Miura, Y. Kobori, R. Jono, K.
Yamashita, and H. Imahori, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 55, 629-633 (2016).
2) T. Miura, R. Tao, S. Shibata, T. Umeyama, T. Tachikawa, H. Imahori, and Y. Kobori, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
138, 5879-5885 (2016).
3) T. Higashino, Y. Fujimori, K. Sugiura, Y. Tsuji, S. Ito, and H. Imahori, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 54, 90529056 (2015).
4) T. Umeyama, T. Miyata, A. C. Jakowetz, S. Shibata, K. Kurotobi, T. Higashino, T. Koganezawa, M.
Tsujimoto,, S. Gélinas, W. Matsuda, S. Seki, R. H. Friend, and H. Imahori, Chem. Sci., in press.
28
1.2.1
2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayer: A Promising Candidate
for Next Generation Electronics
Lain-Jong (Lance) Li
Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900,
Keywords: 2D materials, Transition metal dichalcogenides
Atomically thin 2D Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials provide a wide range of
basic building blocks with unique electrical properties which do not exist in their bulk counterparts.
Our recent demonstration in vapor phase growth of TMD monolayer such as MoS2 and WSe2 [1] has
stimulated the research in growth and applications [2]. The growth of TMD layers is scalable and
these layer materials can be transferred to desired substrates, making them suitable building blocks
for constructing multilayer stacks for various applications [3].These 2D monolayer building blocks
can be used to form p-n junctions. For example, the heterostructures of 2D materials formed by
vertical stacking have been realized recently via transfer of their exfoliated flakes, where their
properties are dominated by the stacking orientation and strength of interlayer coupling. The method
to determine valence band and conduction band alignment for various TMD materials is proposed
[4]. Another very attractive structure is the lateral heterostructure, where the atomically sharp p-n
junction exhibits diode properties and a large strain exhibits at the junction region which offers
tunability in electronic structures. The direct growth of such lateral heterostructures is shown below
[5]. These unique 2D heterostructures have abundant implications for many potential applications. It
is known that Moore’s law may not be valid in 7 nm technology nodes if we consider only Si or IIIV semiconductors. 2D TMD materials are also promising materials for post-Si electronics, where
their ultra-thin body structure may be able to serve for 5 nm and 3 nm technology nodes,[6] meaning
that Moore’s law could be further extended with these materials. We have demonstrated a 10 nm
channel length of transistor based on MoS2 few layers using microelectronic compatible processes
[7].
References
[1] Y.-H. Lee et al.
Adv. Mater. 24, 2320 (2012)
[2] M. Chhowalla et al. Nature Chem. 5, 263-275 (2013)
[3] C.-H. Chen et al.
Adv. Mater. 26, 4838 (2014)
[4] M.-H. Chiu et al.
Nature Comm. 6, 7666 (2015)
[5] M.-Y. Li et al.
Science 349, 524 (2015)
[6] M.C. Chen et al.
IEDM (2015)
[7] K.H. Li et al
VLSI (2016)
Figure (a) Lateral heterostructure of MoS2 and WSe2 monolayers (b) The structure of 10 nm
transistor based on few-layered MoS2 channel.
.
29
1.2.2
Synthesis and Applications of Novel Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials
Hua Zhang#,a)*
Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
Keywords: Two-dimensional nanomaterials; Transition metal dichalcogenides; Nanodevices; Fieldeffect transistors; Clean energy.
In this talk, I will summarize the recent research on synthesis, characterization and applications
of two-dimensional nanomaterials in my group. I will introduce the synthesis and characterization of
novel low-dimensional nanomaterials, such as graphene-based composites including the first-time
synthesized hexagonal-close packed (hcp) Au nanosheets (AuSSs) on graphene oxide, surfaceinduced phase transformation of AuSSs from hcp to face-centered cubic (fcc) structures, the
synthesis of ultrathin fcc Au@Pt and Au@Pd rhombic nanoplates through the epitaxial growth of Pt
and Pd on the hcp AuSSs, respectively, the first-time synthesis of 4H hexagonal phase Au
nanoribbons (NRBs) and their phase transformation to fcc Au RNBs as well as the epitaxial growth
of Ag, Pt and Pd on 4H Au NRBs to form the 4H/fcc Au@Ag, Au@Pt and Au@Pd core–shell
NRBs, and the epitaxial growth of metal and semiconductor nanostructures on solution-processable
transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanoshees at ambient conditions, single- or few-layer metal
dichalcogenide nanosheets and hybrid nanomaterials, the large-amount, uniform, ultrathin metal
sulfide and selenide nanocrystals, other 2D nanomaterials, nanodots prepared from 2D
nanomaterials, and self-assembled 2D nanosheets and chiral nanofibers from ultrathin lowdimensional nanomaterials. Then I will demonstrate the applications of these novel nanomaterials in
chemical and bio-sensors, solar cells, water splitting, hydrogen evolution reaction, electric devices,
memory devices, conductive electrodes, other clean energy, etc.
#
*
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
Corresponding Author (Email: [email protected])
30
1.2.3
Fullerene Nanoarchitectonics from Zero to Higher Dimensions
Lok Kumar Shrestha1)* #, Rekha Goswami Shrestha1), Partha Bairi1) Jonathan P. Hill1) Katsuhiko
Ariga1) 1International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for
Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Ibaraki Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
Keywords: fullerene crystals, liquid-liquid interface, nanoporous graphitic carbon,
supercapacitance, VOC sensing.
Self-assembled single crystalline fullerenes (C60 or C70) nanostructures exhibit excellent
physicochemical and optoelectronic properties including high electron mobility, high
photosensitivity [1,2]. Owing to these appealing features together with excellent electron accepting
properties, dimensionally-integrated fullerene crystals have received considerable interest for the
possible applications in diverse fields such as material engineering and device fabrications
including flexible optoelectronics device, field effect transistors, light emitting diodes,
photovoltaic cells, sensors, and photodetectors [3,4]. Insertion of porous structures in the fullerene
crystals is expected to increase the effective surface area drastically, which is expected to offer a
great utility in many applications such as supercapacitors, large hydrogen storages, chemical
and physical sensors) [5]. In this contribution, we present a simple recipe of producing selfassembled fullerene C60 and C70 microcrystals from zero to higher dimensions using solution
based strategy called liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation (LLIP) method under mild conditions
of temperature and pressure [6]. We also discuss the recently developed novel technique for the
expansion of fullerene nanomaterials into hierarchic macro- and mesopores architectures with
crystallized frameworks [7]. These novel materials offered enhanced surface textural properties
compared to pristine fullerenes and it could be flexibly controlled by adjusting the synthetic
conditions. We also discuss our recent results on the thermal conversion of single crystalline
fullerene crystals (tubes to cubes) into high surface area nanoporous graphitic carbons [8]. The
fullerene crystals derived graphitic carbon materials displayed enhanced electrochemical
supercapacitive performance followed by excellent sensing performance sensitive towards
aromatic solvents [8,9]. Note that the C60 molecule can be regarded as an ideal zero dimensional
building blocks with striking functions. Therefore, construction of zero to higher-dimensional
objects, such as 1D, 2D or 3D including porous nanomaterials may realize important aspects of
fullerene nanoarchitectonics [10].
References
[1] K. Komatsu, M. Murata and Y. Murata, Science, 307 (2005) 238
[2] E. Nakamura and H. Isobe, Acc. Chem. Res., 36 (2003) 807
[3] N. S. Sariciftci, L. Smilowitz, A. J. Heeger and F. Wudl, Science, 258 (1992), 1474
[4] Y. Matsuo, Y. Sato, T. Niinomi, I. Soga, H. Tanaka, E. Nakamura, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131 (2009),
16048 [5] K. Ariga, A. Vinu, Y. Yamauchi, J. Qingmin and J. P. Hill, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 85 (2012), 1
[6] L. K. Shrestha, Q. Ji, T. Mori, K. Miyazawa, Y. Yamauchi, J. P. Hill and K. Ariga, Chem. –Asian J. 8
(2013), 1662
[7] L. K. Shrestha, Y. Yamauchi, J. P. Hill, K. Miyazawa and K. Ariga, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135 (2013), 586
[8] L. K. Shrestha, R. G. Shrestha, Y. Yamauchi, J. P. Hill, T. Nishimura et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,
54 (2015), 951
[9] P. Bairi, R. G. Shrestha, J. P. Hill, T. Nishimura, K. Ariga and L. K. Shrestha, J. Mater. Chem. A, 4
(2016), 13899.
[10] P. Bairi, K. Minami, W. Nakanishi, J. P. Hill, K. Ariga and L. K. Shrestha, ACS Nano, 10 (2016), 6631
# Presenting Author
*Corresponding Author
31
1.3.1
Nanocarbons for electrochemical energy storage
Hui-Ming Cheng1,2
1
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
2
Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Materials and Devices
Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University
1001 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: Nanocarbons, Battery, Supercapacitor, Carbon nanotubes, Graphene
In recent years, electrochemical energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion
batteries and lithium-sulfur batteries, have been extensively explored in response to the everincreasing demand for clean energy and climate change mitigation technologies. Carbon materials
with different structures and functionalities play a key role in various energy storage devices for use
as electrodes, conductive fillers, coating layers, etc. Nanocarbons, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
and graphene have unique low-dimensional structures, good electrical conductivity, high strength, and
desirable chemical stability. Therefore, nanocarbons are expected to find extensive and important
applications in the field of electrochemical energy storage.
We have fabricated a serious of nanocarbon-based hybrid electrode materials by mechanical mixing,
hydrothermal deposition, in-situ growth, or selective filling. These hybrid electrode materials showed
desirable electrochemical properties in terms of long cycling life, good high rate capability, and high
reversible capacity. The working mechanism of nanocarbons in hybrid electrodes was investigated by
an in situ TEM approach. It was found that nanocarbons take a significant role in forming electrical
conductive network and preventing the volume expansion of active materials. And we also designed
and developed nanocarbon-based sandwich structure, integrated structure and flexible structure for
high-capacity, high-power, long-life and high energy lithium-sulfur batteries.
Using graphene and CNTs in flexible energy storage devices is another emerging field, and we
have also explored several kinds of nanocarbon-based flexible electrodes. Based on the understanding
of electric double layer and tuning electrochemical potential windows, a smart lithium ion capacitor
with an extra Li electrode to monitor the operation state and to regenerate its capacity was developed,
which can allow a real-time diagnosis of capacity decay, safety control, and self-healing of a degraded
capacitor through a feedback system. The smart electrochemical energy storage devices can work as a
bridge that connects users and R&D engineers to create a safer and more intelligent electrochemical
energy storage future.
32
1.3.2
Structural Nanomaterials For Advanced Energy Systems (Nuclear, Solar, Ocean
Thermal Energy Conversion)
Prof. Jian LU
Centre for Advanced Structural Materials (CASM), City University of Hong Kong
To develop efficient and advanced energy system, new energy saving and storage system is one of
the key directions to safeguard the sustainable development of mankind. This presentation will
feature recent development of structural nanomaterials and high mechanical properties of functional
nanomaterials. The mechanisms of materials formation with different nano-structures by high
efficient physical method will firstly be reported by illustrating our latest findings / research progress
on the nanomaterials with high strength and high ductility, nanostructure materials with gradient
structure, nanostructure materials with multilayers, hierarchical nano-twinned materials, materials
with nano-precipitation, nanomaterials with multiphase embedded structure, etc. The feasibility of
applying new nanomaterials on various advanced energy systems, such as wind power plant, next
generation of nuclear plant and concentrated solar energy, and ocean thermal energy conversion will
be discussed. The application of new nanomaterials on the newly designed light-weight automotive
parts will be introduced. The latest findings on the nano-porous materials with high mechanical
properties for energy storage devices such as supercapacitor will be revealed. By enhancing the
mechanical properties of the nano-porous materials, the collapse problems caused by dealloying has
been solved and the large-scale fabrication process for super nanostructured porous materials with
pore size smaller than 10 nm has been developed. Lastly, the development and research direction of
the biomimetic nanostructured materials on advanced energy systems will be discussed.
Reference
[1] J.C.Ye, J.Lu, C.T.Liu, Q.Wang, Y.Yang, Atomistic Free-Volume Zones and Inelastic Deformation of
Metallic-Glasses Characterized by High-Frequency Dynamic Micropillar Tests, Nature Materials, Volume 9,
Issue 8, pages 619-623, August 2010
[2] Q.Wang, C.T.Liu, Y.Yang, Y.D.Dong, J.Lu, Atomic-Scale Structural Evolution and Stability of
Supercooled Liquid of a Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass, Physical Review Letters, May 2011, Volume 106,
Issue 21, N. 215505
[3] H.N.Kou, J.Lu, Y.Li, High-Strength and High-Ductility Nanostructured and Amorphous Metallic
Materials, Advanced Materials, 2014, 26, p5518–5524
[4] Q. Wang, S.T.Zhang, Y.Yang, Y.D.Dong, C.T.Liu, J.Lu, Unusual fast secondary relaxation in metallic
glass, Nature Communications, 24 Jul 2015, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8876
[5] L.L.Zhu, S.Q.Qu, X.Guo, J.Lu, Analysis of the twin spacing and grain size effects on mechanical
properties in hierarchically nanotwinned face-centered cubic metals based on a mechanism-based plasticity
model, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol.76, Pages:162-179, Mar. 2015
[6] Y.F.Ye, Q.Wang, J.Lu, C.T.Liu, Y.Yang, High-entropy alloy: challenges and prospects, Materials Today,
Volume: 19, Issue: 6, Pages: 349-362, July-August 2016
[7] Y.W.Zhan, S.S.Zeng, H.D.Bian, Z.Li, Z.T.Xu, J.Lu, Y.Y.Li, Bestow metal foams with nanostructured
surfaces via a convenient electrochemical method for improved device performance, Nano Research,
Volume: 9, Issue: 8, Pages: 2364-2371, Aug. 2016
[8] J.Zhang, L.C.Chan, T.Gao, Q.Wang, S.Zeng, H.Bian, C.Lee, Z.T.Xu, Y.Y.Li, J.Lu, Bulk monolithic
electrodes enabled by surface mechanical attrition treatment-facilitated dealloying, Journal of Materials
Chemistry A, Vol. 4, Issue: 39, Pages: 15057-15063, Oct. 2016
33
1.3.3
Compromising nanocarbons and layered materials for energy applications
Li Song a)*#
National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
[email protected]
Keywords: carbon nanomaterials, layered-materials, synergistic effect, energy applications
The carbon materials, presenting various forms ranging from well-developed crystalline
structures to other less ordered varieties, have been involved in many industrial applications for our
life. Thank to these unique novelties, various nano-scale carbon materials with different dimensions
have been proposed for a number of applications, such as gas storage, catalyst support,
electrochemical energy storage. Interestingly, 2D-graphene, 1D-CNT and 0D-fullerene have the
same sp2 bonding structure, resulting in extremely stable covalent bonds between carbon atoms and
nearest neighbors. However, the microstructure and properties of various nanocarbons are distinctly
different. On the other side, layered materials recently attracted a lot of attention as a promising
candidate for energy applications, because it is earth-abundant and inexpensive. Therefore, it is
highly desirable to develop a suitable route to compromise the merit of nanocarbons layered
materials or others. Herein, we will present our recently studies on the design and relazation of new
promising energy materials via integrating various nanocarbons and layered materials. Combining
with theorical calculations, synchrotron radiation based techniques and atomic miscrscopes were
employed to identify the microstructure and electrical structures in the new hybrids. The relationship
between the structures and properties were further buildt up for better understanding in energy
devices.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
34
Plenary2.1
Photocatalytic Splitting of Water into Molecular Hydrogen and Oxygen
Chen-Ho Tung*#, Li-Zhu Wu, Bin Chen, Zhi-Jun Li
Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics
and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
Keywords: Photocatalytic splitting of water, Quantum dot, [FeFe] hydrogenase, Transition metal cluster,
Oxidation of Water.
One of the best solutions for meeting future energy demands is the conversion of water into hydrogen
fuel using solar energy. The splitting of water into molecular hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) using light
involves two half-reactions: the oxidation of water to O2 and the reduction of protons to H2. To take advantage
of the full range of the solar spectrum, researchers have extensively investigated artificial photosynthesis
systems consisting of two photosensitizers and two catalysts with a Z-configuration: one photosensitizercatalyst pair for H2 evolution and the other for O2 evolution. This report reviews advances our laboratory has
made in the development of new systems for photocatalytic splitting of water that use earth-abundant
materials and is both efficient and durable. We constructed several assemblies of CdTe and CdSe QDs as
photosensitizers with [FeFe]-H2ase mimics as catalysts. These assemblies produced H2 in aqueous solutions
photocatalytically and efficiently, with turnover numbers (TONs) up to hundreds of thousands. Assemblies of
3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-capped CdTe Qds with Co2+ ions formed Coh-CdTe hollow nanospheres,
and (MPA)-capped-CdSe Qds with Ni+ ions produced Nih-CdSe/CdS core/shell hybrid in situ in aqueous
solutions upon irradiation. The resulting photocatalytic systems proved robust for H2 evolution. These systems
showed excellent activity and impressive durability in the photocatalytic reaction, suggesting that they can
serve as a valuable part of an overall water splitting system. We also constructed several systems for
photocatalytic oxidation of water to O2. Overall water splitting was achieved in our laboratory.
References
[1]. Wu, L.-Z.; Chen, B.; Li, Z.-J.; Tung, C.-H. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 2177-2185.
[2]. Wang, F.; Wang, W.-G.; Wang, X.-J.; Wang, H.-Y.; Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2011, 50, 3193-3197.
[3]. Wang, F.; Liang, W.-J.; Jian, J.-X.; Li, C.-B.; Chen, B.; Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2013, 52, 8134-8138.
[4]. Jian, J.-X.; Liu, Q.; Li, Z.-J.; Wang, F.; Li, X.-B.; Li, C.-B.; Liu, B.; Meng, Q.-Y.; Chen, B.; Feng, K.;
Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z. Nature Commun 2013, 4, 2695.
[5]. Li, Z.-J.; Wang, J.-J.; Li, X.-B.; Fan, X.-B.; Meng, Q.-Y.; Feng, K.; Chen, B.; Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z.
Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 6613-6618.
[6]. Li, Z.-J.; Fan, X.-B.; Li, X.-B.; Li, J.-X.; Ye C.; Wang, J.-J.; Yu S.; Li, C.-B.; Gao, Y.-J.; Meng, Q.-Y.;
Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 8261-8268.
[7]. Yang, B.; Jiang, X.; Guo, Q.; Lei, T.; Zhang, L.-P.; Chen, B.; Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z. Angew. Chem.
Int. Ed., 2016, 55, 6229-6234.
[8]. Liu, B.; Li, X.-B.; Gao, Y.-J.; Li, Z.-J.; Meng, Q.-Y.; Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z. Energy Environ. Sci.,
2015, 8, 1443-1449.
[9]. Li, J.; Gao, X.; Liu, B.; Feng, Q.; Li, X.-B.; Huang, M.-Y.; Liu, Z.; Zhang, J.; Tung, C.-H.; Wu, L.-Z. J.
Am. Chem. Soc., 2016, 138, 3954-3957.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
35
2.1.1
Design and Synthesis of Semiconducting Polymers for
High-Performance Field-Effect Transistors
Yunqi Liu
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: synthesis, semiconducting polymers, field-effect transistors
Polymeric field-effect transistors (PFETs) are of great interest for practical applications in active-matrix
displays, radiofrequency identification tags, biosensors, and integrated circuits owing to their advantages of
low cost, light weight, and mechanical flexibility. In terms of chemical structure, donor-acceptor (D–A) type
conjugated polymers have been investigated extensively. The results indicate that this kind of polymers can
provide enhanced intermolecular interactions between D and A moieties around neighbouring chains,
therefore facilitating efficient intermolecular carrier hopping. Recently, D–A type polymer semiconductors
based on thienoisoindigo (TIIG) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) moieties exhibit ultrahigh hole mobilities up
to 14.4 and 17.8 cm2 V–1 s–1, respectively. Moreover, a state-of-the-art hole mobility of 36.3 cm2 V–1 s–1 has
been achieved for the macroscopic alignment of D–A type polymer (PCDTPT) films prepared from an onedimensional nano-template technique, which are far superior to that of amorphous silicon FETs and even
comparable to vacuum-deposited small molecule FETs and organic single-crystal FETs.
In this presentation, I will report design and synthesis of a series of semiconducting polymers,
fabrications of their PFETs, and investigation of corresponding electronic performances.[1–7]
References
[1] Hanlin Wang, Hongtao Liu, Qiang Zhao, Cheng, Wenping Hu and Yunqi Liu, Adv. Mater.,
2016, 28(4), 624630.
[2] Zhengran Yi, Shuai Wang and Yunqi Liu, Adv. Mater., 2015, 27(24), 35893606.
[3] Hanlin Wang, Cheng, Lei Zhang, Hongtao Liu, Yan Zhao, Yunlong Guo, Wenping Hu, Gui Yu
and Yunqi Liu, Adv. Mater., 2014, 26(27), 46834689.
[4] Weifeng Zhang, Yunqi Liu and Gui Yu, Adv. Mater., 2014, 26(40), 68986904.
[5] Yan Zhao, Yunlong Guo and Yunqi Liu, Adv. Mater., 2013, 25(38), 5372–5391.
[6] Lei Zhang, Hanlin Wang, Yan Zhao, Yunlong Guo, Wenping Hu, Gui Yu and Yunqi Liu, Adv.
Mater., 2013, 25(38), 5455–5460.
[7] Zhiyuan Zhao, Zhihong Yin, Huajie Chen, Liping Zheng, Chunguang Zhu, Long Zhang, Songting Tan,
Hanlin Wang, Yunlong Guo, Qingxin Tang and Yunqi Liu, Adv. Mater., in press.
36
2.1.2
Advanced nanotechnology for high-performance photovoltaic devices
Feng Yan*#
Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Keywords: solar cell, graphene, perovskite, plasmonic
High-performance organic solar cells have been developed by our group based on various
nanotechnology in recent years.[1] First, the efficiency of organic solar cells have been improved by
introducing plasmonic nanoparticles, high mobility conjugated polymers or 2-D materials.
Pronounced effects have been observed in the devices due to the improvement of the carrier mobility
or light absorption in the active layer. Graphene has shown promising applications in photovoltaic
devices for its high carrier mobility and conductivity, high transparency, excellent mechanical
flexibility and ultrathin thickness, and can be used in solar cells as transparent electrodes or
interfacial layers. Package-free flexible organic solar cells are fabricated with multilayer graphene as
top transparent electrodes, which show high power conversion efficiency, excellent flexibility and
bending stability.[2] Semi-transparent organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells were prepared by
using graphene transparent electrodes.[3] For the perovskite solar cells, the devices show high power
conversion efficiencies (~12%) when they are illuminated from both sides. Considering the poor
stability of perovskite solar cells in ambient air especially with high humidity, we have recently
developed a novel technique to improve the device stability by introducing SCN- to partially replace
I- in the perovskite material,[4] which can dramatically improve the lifetime of package-free device in
air. All of the techniques will be very useful for the practical applications of the novel photovoltaic
devices.
Acknowledgement
This work is financially supported by the Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong, China
(project number: C4030-14G).
References
[1] Energy Environ. Sci. 8, 1463-1470 (2015); Energy Environ. Sci. 9, 898-905 (2016); Adv. Funct.
Mater. 26, 864-871 (2016)
[2] Adv. Mater. 25, 4296-4301 (2013); Chem Soc. Rev. 44, 5638-5679 (2015); Nano Energy, 28,
151-157 (2016).
[3] ACS Nano 6, 810-818 (2012); Adv. Mater. 27, 3632-3638 (2015); ACS Nano 9, 12026–12034
(2015).
[4] Nature Comm. 7:11105 (2016).
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
37
2.1.3
Flexible, Foldable and Multi-Functional Paper-Based Electronics
Jr-Hau He
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
[email protected]
Great advances have been made in developing cheap, simple, multi-functional and energy-saving
fabrication processes for flexible electronics. Paper, as a flexible, foldable, cost-efficient and mass
productive substrate, has shown diverse applications for flexible electronics to meet such demand.
Recently, we have successfully demonstrated the first nonvolatile resistive memory using paper as
substrates by means of all-printing techniques. Moreover, we also implemented the algorithm of
Origami art into the device design for the flexible electronics, such as photodetectors and
nanogenerators, taking advantage of the foldability and adaptability of paper substrates. In particular,
paper origami triboelectric nanogenerators using paper as the starting material, with high degree of
flexibility, light weight, low cost, and recyclability is presented. We believe that these findings will
pave a way for future energy harvesting and sensor design, especially for the development of green
flexible electronics.
38
2.2.1
Combination of Biomimicking Methods of Natural Leaf: Regeneration of
Nonwetting Surface using Solar water Splitting
Kijung Yong,#, * Junghan Lee, Seunghyun Baek
Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea
Keywords: Photoelectrochemical cell, Non-wetting state, Hydrogen generation, Superhydrophobic
surface
Biomimetics is imitation of natural unique properties for solving human problems. One of the
best examples of this biomimetics is biomimicking natural leaf. Basically there are two approaches
of biomimicking natural leaf: physical biomimicking and chemical biomimicking. In physical
biomimicking, we can imitate the surface structure of natural leaf, such as lotus leaf and develop
non-wetting superhydrophobic surface, which has many interesting eco-friendly energy saving
applications like self-cleaning, anti-fouling, and drag reduction. On the other hand, in chemical
biomimicking, we can imitate photosynthesis of natural leaf and develop artificial photosynthesis
system for hydrogen and solar fuel generation. In this paper, we will present combination of physical
and chemical biomimicking of natural leaf and present a unique method for regeneration of air
interlayer of non-wetting surface in underwater condition.
According to Cassie-Baxter model, the superhydrophobic surface has non-wetting property due
to the air interlayer present between water layer and solid surfaces. However the air inter-layer,
known as plastron, is thermodynamically instable and thus has limited lifetimes because of
dissolution into the water. In the current work we have developed the regeneration of air interlayer
by applying solar water splitting reaction. Under solar light illumination, the nanostructure solid
surface generates hydrogen/oxygen through solar water splitting and the surface captures the air gas
to reform the plastron. This regenerable underwater non-wetting property has important applications
in drag reduction and antifouling in underwater conditions.
Also we have studied the fabrication of unassisted solar water splitting system by combining
PEC and PV cells. Our PV (photovoltaic) cells were prepared by fabrication of CIS thin film solar
cells in series, which are connected with electrodes for water oxidation/hydrogen reduction reaction
assisted by OER (oxygen evolving reaction) and HER (hydrogen evolving reaction) catalysts. Our
unassisted solar water splitting system shows a promising application in solar hydrogen generation.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
39
2.2.2
Promoting Catalytic Properties of Nanocrystals
by Tuning Their Chemical Environments
Xun Wang*
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
* Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
In this presentation, we will show that the proper tuning of chemical environments of inorganic
nanocrystals/clusters may greatly enhance their catalytic properties. This talk will involve the
controlled assembly of surfactant-encapsulated POM clusters into nanostructures that show enhanced
catalytic properties as well as formation of MOF hollow nanocages or hierarchical porous
nanostructures embedded with noble metal nanocrystals showing kinetic advantages during catalytic
reactions.
References
[4] Z. ZHANG, B. XU, X. WANG. CHEM. SOC. REV. 2014, 43, 7870-7886.
[1] P. HE, B. XU, X. XU, L. SONG, X. WANG. CHEM. SCI. 2016, 7, 1011-1015.
[2] X. XU, S. CHEN, Y. CHEN, H. SUN, L. SONG, W. HE, X. WANG. SMALL 2016, 12, 2982-2990.
[3] X. XU, Z. ZHANG, X. WANG. ADV. MATER. 2015, 27, 5365-5371.
[4] X. XU, Y. LU, Y. YANG, F. NOSHEEN, X. WANG. SCI. CHINA MATER. 2015, 58, 370-377.
[5] P. HE, B. XU, P. WANG, H. LIU, X. WANG. ADV. MATER. 2014, 26, 4339-4344.
[6] Z. ZHANG, X. XU, J. ZHANG, G. XIANG, B. XU, P. HE, F. NOSHEEN, F. SALEEM, X. WANG. ANGEW.
CHEM. INT. ED. 2014, 53, 429-433.
[7] Z. ZHANG, Y. CHEN, S. HE, J. ZHANG, X. XU, Y. YANG, F. NOSHEEN, F. SALEEM, W. HE, X. WANG.
ANGEW. CHEM. INT. ED. 2014, 53, 12517-12521.
[8] A. NISAR, Y. LU, J. ZHUANG, X. WANG. ANGEW. CHEM. INT. ED. 2011, 50, 3187-3192.
[9] A. NISAR, J. ZHUANG, X. WANG. ADV. MATER. 2011, 23, 1130-1135.
40
2.2.3
Unlocking Catalytic Potentials of Earth Abundant Materials for Energy
Conversion and Device Fabrication
Huijun Zhao1.2,*#
Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
2
Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Institute of Solid State Physics, CAS
[email protected]; [email protected]
1
Keywords: 5 Electrocatalyst, photocatalyst, hydrogen generation, oxygen reduction, oxygen
evolution.
The photo- and electrocatalysts play a critical role in clean energy generation and conversion
technologies. Although the precious metal-based materials are widely recognized as superior
catalysts for energy applications, their large-scale commercial use has been hindered by their
expensive and scarcity nature. The development of high performance, plentiful and cheap
nonprecious-metal catalysts is therefore vital for the commercial viability of clean energy future.
Unfortunately, the most of nonprecious metal materials in their pristine forms possess little or no
catalytic activity. As such, the unlocking the catalytic potential of nonprecious and earth abundant
materials has become a paramount scientific task of the research field, nevertheless, highly
challenging.
This presentation intends to report few widely applicable approaches to unlock the catalytic
activities of transition metal oxides and graphitic carbon materials for energy conversion and device
fabrication.1-8
[1] S. Zhao, Y. Wang 3, J. Dong, C. He, H. Yin, P. An, K. Zhao, X. Zhang, C. Gao, L. Zhang, J. Lv,
J. Wang, J. Zhang, A. Khattak, N. Khan, Z. Wei, J. Zhang, S. Liu, H. Zhao and Z. Tang, Nature
Energy, 2016, In press, “Coordinative unsaturation engineering on ultrathin bimetal-organic
frameworks nanosheets toward high performance electrocatalysts”
[2] S. Yang, Y. Wang, P. Liu, Y. B. Cheng, H. Zhao & H. G. Yang, Nature Energy, 1 (2016),
15016, “Functionalization of perovskite thin films with moisture-tolerant molecules”
[3] C. W. Wang, S. Yang, W. Q. Fang, P. Liu, H. Zhao & H. G. Yang, Nano Letters, 16 (2016)
427-433, “Engineered hematite mesoporous single crystals drive drastic enhancement in solar
water splitting”
[4] H. Zhang, Y. Wang, P. Liu, S. L. Chou, J. Z. Wang, H. Liu, G. Wang & H. Zhao, ACS Nano, 10
(2016) 507-514, “Highly ordered single crystalline nanowire array assembled three-dimensional
Nb3O7(OH) and Nb2O5 superstructures for energy storage and conversion applications”
[5] Y. Li, P. Liu, L. Pan, H. Wang, Z. Yang, L. Zheng, P. Hu, H. Zhao, L. Gu & H. Yang, Nature
Communications, 6 (2015) 8064, “Local atomic structure modulations activate metal oxide as
electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution in acidic water”
[6] Y. Hou, D. Wang, X. Yang, W. Fang, B. Zhang, H. Wang, G. Lu, P. Hu, H. Zhao & H. Yang,
Nature Communications, 4 (2013) 1583, “Rational screening low-cost counter electrodes for
dye-sensitized solar cells”
[7] Y. Li, J. Xing, Z. Chen, Z. Li, F.Tian, L. Zheng, H. Wang, P. Hu, H. Zhao & H. Yang, Nature
Communications, 4 (2013) 2500, “Unidirectional suppression of hydrogen oxidation on
oxidized platinum cluster”
[8] Y. Li, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, P. Liu, H. Yang, X. Yao, D. Wang, Z. Tang & H. Zhao, Energy &
Environmental Science, 7 (2014) 3720-3726, “A self-sponsored doping approach for
controllable synthesis of S and N co-doped trimodal-porous structured graphitic carbon
electrocatalysts”
41
2.3.1
Multi-Shelled Metal Oxides Hollow Microspheres:
Synthesis, property & Application
Dan Wang *,#
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland
4222, Australia
Keywords: metal oxide, multi shelled hollow spheres, energy application
Great progress has been made in the preparation and application of multi-shelled hollow micro/nanostructures during the past decade. However, the synthetic methodologies and potential
applications of these novel and interesting materials have not been reviewed comprehensively in the
literatures. In this paper we will describe different synthetic methodologies for multi-shelled hollow
micro-/nanostructures as well as their compositional and geometric manipulation and then review
their applications in energy conversion and storage, sensor, phtotocatalysis, drug delivery. The
correlations between the geometric properties of multi-shelled hollow micro-/nanostructures and
their specific performance are highlighted in different applications, including dye-sensitized solar
cells (DSSCs), lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors, sensors, photocatalysis and drug delivery.
These results demonstrate that the geometry has a direct impact on the properties and potential
applications of such materials. Finally, the emergent challenges and future developments of multishelled hollow micro-/nanostructures are further discussed.
[1] X. Lai, J. Halpert, D. Wang*, Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5604.
[2] J. Qi, X. Lai, J. Wang, et.al. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44, 6749-6773
[3] X. Lai, J. Li, B. Korgel, et. al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 2738.
[4] Z. Dong, X. Lai, J. Halpert, et. al. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 1046.
[5] Z. Dong, H. Ren, C. Hessel, et.al. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 905.
[6] J. Wang, N. Yang, H. Tang, et. al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 6417.
[7] S. Xu, C. Hessel, H. Ren, et. al. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 27, 632.
[8] J. Wang, H. Tang, L. Zhang, et. al. Nat. Energy 2016, Accepted.
42
2.3.2
Study of Structural Evolution in Si/Nanocarbon Electrodes by In-situ
Characterization
Zheng-Long Xu, Jang-Kyo Kim*#
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Keywords: Silicon/nanocarbon, anodes, Li-ion batteries, in-situ TEM.
This talk presents our recent studies of the synthesis of high performance Si/nanocarbon composite
anodes for Li-ion batteries and the insightful understanding of their reaction mechanisms via in-situ
characterization. Li-ion batteries with graphite as anodes have dominated the market for more than two
decades due to its high energy density and low cost. Nevertheless, the capacity delivered by graphite anodes
with a theoretical capacity of 372 mAh g-1 is far from sufficient to satisfy today’s demanding applications like
electric vehicles, which require much higher energy densities and lower costs than the current LIBs can offer.
Thus, developing new electrode materials becomes exigent and imperative. Si has long been considered one of
the most promising alternatives to graphite owing to its overwhelming advantages of high specific capacity of
~4200 mAh g-1, moderate working potential of 370 mV and abundance in nature. Despite these intriguing
benefits, Si electrodes suffer from significant drawbacks, like fast capacity degradation, potential electrode
pulverization and the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interlayers along with a huge volume expansion
of ~300 %.
High-performance Si/C composites are prepared to take advantage of both the high theoretical capacity
of Si and the excellent structural stability and electrical conductivities of carbon materials. First, carbon
nanofibers (CNFs) containing Si particles are synthesized via one-pot electrospinning and carbonization as
freestanding electrodes. A few ameliorating modifications, including monodipersion of Si particles, addition
of graphene sheets or Ni particles and engineered nanocavities around Si particles, have been incorporated
into the Si/CNF electrodes to improve their electrochemical performance. Second, carbon-coated Si
composites with a high Si content of 81 wt% are synthesized by one-pot carbonization of the mixture of
commercial Si particles and polyvinylidene fluoride binder. The Si/C electrodes present discernible
improvement in electrochemical performance over pristine Si electrodes, and their energy storage mechanisms
are studied by in-situ TEM. Third, mesoporous Si/C microspheres are synthesized by magnesiothermic
reduction of porous silica followed by chemical vapor deposition of a thin carbon layer. The structural
features of the fine Si nanocrystals, abundant internal pores and highly conductive carbon coating offer a
unique synergy giving rise to cyclic stability of the Si/C electrode. The Si/C electrodes deliver exceptional
stability of ~90 % capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1 A g-1 and a high capacity of ~1100 mAh g-1 after
500 cycles at 0.5 A g-1.
In-situ TEM technique has been used to probe in real time the reaction mechanisms of Si/C composites.
It is revealed that carbon-coated Si particles undergo an isotropic to anisotropic transition during initial
lithiation at a lithiation rate 3 to 4.5 times faster than the bare Si. Mesoporous Si/C spheres expand
isotropically during lithiation and present a low volume expansion of ~85 % without pulverization at full
lithiation stage. The above efforts can not only offer fundamental understanding of the lithiation process and
failure mechanisms of Si/C composites, but also provide promising methods to develop high performance
Si/C electrodes.
Reference
[1] Z.L. Xu, B. Zhang, J.K. Kim, Nano Energy 6 (2014) 27-35.
[2] Z.L. Xu, K. Cao, S. Abouali, M. Akbari Garakani, J.Huang, J.Q. Huang, E. Kamali Heidari, H. Wang and
J.K. Kim, Energy Storage Mater. 3 (2016) 45-54.
[3] Z.L. Xu, B. Zhang, S. Abouali, M. Akbari Garakani, J.Huang, J.Q. Huang, J.K. Kim, J. Mater. Chem. A 2
(2014) 17944-17951.
[4] Z.L. Xu, Y. Gang, S. Abouali, M. Akbari Garakani, J.Huang, J.Q. Huang, E. Kamali Heidari, J.K. Kim, J.
Mater. Chem. A 4 (2016) 6098.
43
2.3.3
Hierarchical composite structure of few-layers MoS2 nanosheets supported by
vertical graphene on carbon cloth for lithium ion battery and hydrogen evolution
reaction electrodes
Zhenyu Zhang, # Wenjun Zhang*
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Physics and
Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China.
*
[email protected]
Keywords: Vertical graphene, few-layers MoS2 nanosheets, carbon cloth, hydrogen evolution
reaction
A hierarchical composite structure composed of few-layers molybdenum disulfide nanosheets
supported by vertical graphene on conductive carbon cloth (MDNS/VG/CC) for high-performance
lithium ion battery and electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is demonstrated in this
work. In the fabrication, 3D vertical graphene is first prepared on carbon cloth by a micro-wave
plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) and then few-layers MoS2 nanosheets are insitu synthesized on the surface of the vertical graphene through a simple hydrothermal reaction. The
vertical graphene can effectively increase conductivity and holding active material on current
collector, contributing much better cycling performance than the electrode that without graphene. On
the other side, this integrated catalyst exhibits an excellent HER electrocatalytic activity including an
onset potential of 50 mV, an overpotential at 10 mA cm-2 (η10) of 78 mV, a Tafel slop of 53 mV dec1
, and an excellent cycling stability in acid solution. The excellent electrochemical performance on
both sides can be ascribed to the abundant active edges provided by the vertical MoS2 nanosheets, the
effective electron transport route provided by the graphene arrays on the conductive substrate and it
offers robust anchor sites for MoS2 nanosheets and appropriate intervals for electrolyte infiltration.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
44
3.1.1
Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Fullerene Blends for High Performance Solar
Cells
Franky So
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
27695, USA
It is commonly believed that the reason for lower efficiencies in polymer solar cells compared to
silicon solar cells is the low dielectric constant in photoactive polymers. To alleviate this problem,
many researchers have attempted to find ways to increase the dielectric constant of photoactive
polymers. However, it is difficult to control the polymer-fullerene blend morphology while tuning
the polymer chemistry, and this strategy to enhance the solar cell performance has not been
successful. Therefore, we have taken a different approach to this problem. Using several high
performance polymer systems, we systematically studied how blending photoactive polymers with
fullerene affects the photophysical and dielectric properties of the blends. We found several
interesting results. First, most high performance polymers have a dielectric constant value smaller
than 3, and there are no correlations between dielectric constant and device performance. Second, in
all polymer systems we studied, we found that there is a significant increase in the value of the blend
dielectric constant upon mixing a polymer with fullerene. We interpret that as an indication of the
strong electronic coupling between the polymer and fullerene. Third, while the blend dielectric
constant value has a weak correlation with the device performance, we found that the excited state
polarizability of the blend is a strong indicator predicting the device performance. Our results
indicate that while the dielectric properties of the pristine polymer might not be the critical factor, the
control of the electronic coupling between the acceptor moiety and the fullerene molecule is a key
factor determining the device performance.
45
3.1.2
Planar organic heterojunctions: from photovoltaic cell to charge generation layer
Andreas Opitz1*#, Norbert Koch1,2, Wolfgang Brütting3, Ellen Moons4
Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2 Helmholtz-Zentrum
Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany, 3 Institute of Physics, University of
Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany, 4 Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University,
Karlstad, Sweden
1
Keywords: molecular materials, organic heterojunctions, photovoltaic cells, charge generation layer,
energy level alignment.
The interface of organic heterojunctions plays a crucial role for charge separation in
photovoltaic cells or for the charge carrier density in bilayer field-effect transistors. Foremost, the
structural and electronic properties are of paramount importance. Here two prototypical interfaces
for planar organic heterojunctions will be discussed: the combination of diindenoperylene (DIP) with
fullerene (C60) and the combination of copper-phthalocyanine (H16CuPc) with its perfluorinated
analog (F16CuPc). Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) was performed to determine the
energy level alignment together with angle resolved near edge X-ray absorption fine structure
(NEXFAS) measurements to determine the molecular orientation at the interface.
The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels do not shift upon deposition of
the spherical C60 on top, and the orientation of the rod-like DIP is unaffected. In contrast, co-facial
“lying” interface layers with π-orbital stacking of the two phthalocyanines were observed by UPS
and NEXAFS. Here energy level pinning for both materials is found. These results can be related to
the device performance of these two material combinations. Whereas DIP/C60 solar cells have an
open circuit voltage of up to 0.9 V [1], the energy level pinning in planar structures of
H16CuPc/F16CuPc leads to a charge generation layer [2,3]. The absence of a photovoltaic effect at
the planar heterojunction of the phthalocyanines is thus explained by these findings.
The combined experimental approach results in a comprehensive model for the electronic and
morphological characteristics of the interface between the two investigated organic semiconductors.
The presence of a π-orbital stacking between different molecules at a heterojunction is also of
interest for photovoltaic active interfaces or for ground-state charge-transfer. In all cases, the
performance of the interface strongly depends on the relative orientation of the π-orbitals of the
involved materials.
[1] J. Wagner et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 20 (2010) 4295.
[2] A. Opitz et al., Org. Electron. 10 (2009) 1259.
[3] A. Opitz et al., Sci. Rep. 6 (2016) 21291.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author ([email protected])
46
3.1.3
Vacuum-Processed High Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Based on Small Molecule
Donors
Ken-Tsung Wong# *
Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science,
Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Keywords: Organic photovoltaic, small-molecule donor, donor-acceptor-acceptor, vacuum process.
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have attracted considerable research interest due to their low cost
and low energy consumption in fabrication and mechanical flexibility. While intensive
interdisciplinary efforts have been dedicated to improving the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs)
of solution-processed polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, organic solar cells employing
small molecules as electron donors have also received considerable attentions. To date, small
molecule-based organic solar cells (SMOSCs) using p-type small molecules and n-type fullerenes
have achieved remarkable PCEs by using either solution-processed or vacuum-deposited fabrication
techniques. The search for new donor materials with promising physical properties such as low band
gaps, suitable energy levels, high crystallinity, and decent solubility, etc., has taken the center stage.
Along this line, a large number of donor molecules with interesting molecular architectures have
been extensively investigated to perform varying degrees of success. We recently reported new
organic molecules adopting a donor-acceptor-acceptor (D-A-A) configuration, in which an electrondonating moiety is connected to an electron-withdrawing dicyanovinylene moiety through another
electron-accepting arene, exhibited narrow optical band gaps and lower HOMO levels, showing
potential to concurrently enhance the short circuit current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc)
as employed in organic photovoltaics. In this symposium, vacuum-processed heterojunction devices
incorporating D-A-A type donors and fullerene (C70) acceptor achieved power conversion
efficiencies exceeding 7% will be reported.
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(1) Y.-H. Chen, L.-Y. Lin, C.-W. Lu, F. Lin, Z.-Y. Huang, H.-W. Lin, P.-H. Wang, Y.-H. Liu, K.-T. Wong, J.
Wen, D. J. Miller, S. B. Darling, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 13616-13623.
(2) Che, X.; Chung, C.-L.; Liu, X.; Chou, S.-H.; Liu, Y.-H.; Wong, K.-T.; Forrest, S. R. Adv. Mater.
2016, DOI:10.1002/adma.201601957
#*
Presenting & Corresponding Author: K.-T. Wong ([email protected])
47
3.1.4
Novel nano-theranostics based on human serum albumin
Design Fullerene Acceptor Materials for High-performance Polymer Solar Cells
Chunru Wang1,a)**, Fuwen zhao1, Li Jiang1, Xiangyue Meng 1
1
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Keywords: 5 Fullerene acceptor, NCBA, Polymer solar cell, Morphology, High performance
The performance of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells (PSCs) has been largely
improved and the power conversion efficiency(PCE) has readily enhanced up to over 11%, which is
mainly benefited from the rapid development of high efficient donor and acceptor materials, as well
as the introducing of high performance cathode buffer layers (CBL).First, the efficiency of polymer
solar cells (PSCs) was essentially enhanced by improving the performance of electron-acceptor
materials, by designing a dihydronaphthyl-based [60] fullerene bisadduct derivative, NC(60)BA,
which not only possesses a LUMO energy level 0.16 eV higher than PC(61)BM but also has
amorphous nature that can overcome thermal-driven crystallization. Further, a new soluble C70
derivative, dihydronaphthyl-based C70 bisadduct (NC70BA), is synthesized and explored as
acceptor in PSCs. It was revealed that the PSC based on the blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)
and NC70BA shows a high open-circuit voltage (Voc = 0.83 V) and a high power conversion
efficiency (PCE = 5.95%), which are much better than those of the P3HT:PCBM-based device (Voc
= 0.60 V; PCE = 3.74%). The effects of fullerene bisadduct regioisomers on photovoltaic
performance were also examined. The trans-2, trans-3, trans-4, and e isomers of dihydronaphthylbased [60]fullerene bisadduct (NCBA) are isolated and used as acceptors for P3HT-based PSCs. The
four NCBA isomers exhibit different absorption spectra, electrochemical properties, and electron
mobilities, leading to varying PCE values of 5.8, 6.3, 5.6, and 5.5%, respectively, which are higher
than that based on an NCBA mixture (5.3%), suggesting the necessity to use the individual fullerene
bisadduct isomer for high-performance PSCs. Second, we developed a self-doped polar
fulleropyrrolidine (named as PCMI:K+) by combining K+-intercalated crown ethers and AIET doping
as a highly effective interfacial layer, which was used to modify the ZnO layer in the inverted PSCs
tore-engineer the interface between ZnO and the active layer. Finally, PCMI:K+ successfully elevates
the performance of PTB7-Th based inverted devices from 8.41% to 10.30% due to the simultaneous
improvements of the open-circuit voltage (Voc), the short current density (Jsc) and the fill factor (FF).
[1] Meng XY, et al., Chem. Commun., 2012, 48, 425
[2] Meng XY, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2012, 22, 2187
[3] Meng XY, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2014, 24, 158
[4] Zhao FW, et al., Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 854
48
3.1.5
An Insight on Oxide Interlayer in Organic Photovoltaics: From Light Harvesting,
Charge Recombination and Collection Perspectives
Bo Wu, Weixia Lan and Furong Zhu#
Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Keywords: organic photovoltaic, charge recombination, charge collection, exciton dissociation,
metal oxide.
This talk discusses the understanding of the organic/electrode interfacial exciton dissociation,
charge recombination processes and charge collection, which underpin the optimum cell design and
performance. The charge transport and recombination properties in the bulk heterojunction OSCs are
investigated using the transient photocurrent and photo-induced charge extraction by linearly
increasing voltage techniques. Combined with light intensity-dependent J–V characteristic, it is
found that the origin of unfavorable electron collection is mainly due to the trap-limited bimolecular
recombination, resulting in the compensation of drifted photo-generated electrons at the
organic/cathode interface. The undesired charge collection can be eliminated by inserting a thin
metal oxide interlayer between the organic layer and electrode. Suppression of the metal oxide
subgap states significantly improves the charge extraction and performance reproducibility.
49
3.2.1
Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks: Emerging Materials for Catalysis
1
Zhiyong Tang1,a)* #
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190
Keywords: nanoscale, metal-organic frameworks
Distinct from classic inorganic nanoparticles of solid cores, nanoscale metal-organic frameworks
(NMOFs) are of ordered crystalline pores with tunable composite, size and volume, which provide
an ideal platform not only to manipulate the reaction active sites but also to understand the structurefunctionality relationship. In this presentation, we will introduce two recent works involving catalytic
application of NMOFS.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
50
3.2.2
Theoretical Calculations of Electrochemical Activities of Cu-BHT
Nanostructures on Catalyzing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Huiying Yao1, Xing Huang2, Wei Hao3, Jia Zhu1#*, Shuzhou Li3*, Wei Xu2*
Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 P. R. China
2
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 P. R. China
3
School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
*Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
1
Keywords: DFT, Hydrogen Evolution Reaction, Cu-BHT
Hydrogen has been considered as a promising candidate of clean and sustainable energy for its
high energy density, abundant resources and environmental friendly. One of the executable and
convenient ways to obtain hydrogen is the electrocatalytic splitting of water through hydrogen
evolution reaction (HER). Comparing with the well-known HER catalytic materials, the reported
two-dimensional conjugated coordination polymer material Cu-BHT1 (BHT=benzenehexathiol)
shows underestimated catalytic performance. Herein, we used density functional theory (DFT) to
reveal various catalytic performances of electrodes covering by Cu-BHT nanostructures. Two kinds
of crystal planes depending on the structure of Cu-BHT have been modeled: (0 0 1) and (1 0 0)
surfaces. On (0 0 1), atomic hydrogen is more reliably adsorbed on atop site of S with Eads = 0.315
eV. While on (1 0 0) surface, it prefers to adsorbed above Cu with Eads = -0.256 eV. So far, it can be
concluded that preferred adsorbed sites of atomic hydrogen and the strength of adsorption above
same element both vary in different surfaces. Furthermore, we have studied the adsorption energy
change along with increasing hydrogen coverage to give a better description of catalytic
performance. It is expected to give helpful insights for improving the activity of metal organic
material catalysts in experiment through controlling their surface morphologies.
1. Huang, X. et al. A two-dimensional p–d conjugated coordination polymer with extremely high
electrical conductivity and ambipolar transport behaviour. Nat. Commun. 6:7408
51
3.2.3
Carbon based Nanostructures for High Performance Catalysis
Weiguo Song*#，Shuliang Yang, Changyan Cao
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190; [email protected]
Keywords: Core shell；Carbocatalysts；Hydrogenation; Nano Stirrer
Abstract:
Dispersion & Stabilization of active sites, facile mass transportation, and efficient mixing of the
reactants are three key aspects of catalysis. With well controlled nanostructures, there three goals can
be met. During recent years, we developed in situ deduction methods to ensure high dispersion of
noble metal nanoparticles on various supports, and used a embedment method to physically stabilize
the metal nanoparticles. With core/shell structure, in which the shell is nanoporous while the core are
loaded with active nanoparticles as well as void spaces, diffusion of reaction species can be
controlled, so that the activity and the selectivity of the catalysts are enhanced. One particular
advantage of such core/shell structures is shape selectivity. Another advantage is high active
carbocatalysts with suited heteroatom doping. In practical applications, high performance catalysts
were produced for fine chemical production.
Fig. 1 Scheme of the procedure to produce nano stirring bars
References:
[1] W. G. Song*, et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 4016
[2] W. G. Song*, et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 2661
52
3.2.4
Improving Electron Transport in Nanostructured TiO2 Electrode
Liu Bin*
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
Nanyang Technological University
62 Nanyang Drive
Singapore 637459
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: electron transport, mesoporous electrode, solar cells, core-shell
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most widely used semiconductors in photovoltaics and
photocatalysis because it is nontoxic, abundant, stable and photoactive. However, the wide bandgap,
low electron mobility and short minority carrier diffusion length of TiO2 limit its quantum efficiency
in these applications. In this work, we present a solution chemical approach for making TiO2
nanostructures for improving the electron transport in nanostructured TiO2 electrodes.
53
3.3.1
High Efficiency Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells and LightEmitting Diodes
Himchan Cho1, Young-Hoon Kim1, Soyeong Ahn2, Su-Hun Jeong2, Min-Ho Park2, Tae-Woo Lee1,#,*
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro,
Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology
(POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
Keywords: Metal halide perovskites, alternative emitter, hole injection, color purity, solution
process
Organometal halide perovskites have been intensively studied as promising materials for solar
cells and light emitting diodes due to their excellent semiconducting properties, broad range of light
absorption, and high colour purity emission. Here we present advances in this field, such as the use
of a novel self-organized hole transporting layer and its application to solution-processed lead halide
perovskite solar cells and bright perovskite light-emitting diodes. Using the new hole transport layer,
we demonstrate bright and efficient PeLEDs in a range of colours. We also report a systematic
approach to achieve high-efficiency green perovskite LEDs in a simplified bilayer structure with
comparable efficiency those of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. Finally, we
demonstrate a highly flexible perovskite LED based on a self-organized conducting polymer anode
and the first large-area PeLED. These results show the great potential of perovskite LEDs in the
display/lighting industries as an alternative for organic LEDs and quantum dot LEDs.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
54
3.3.2
Robust interface engineering for planar perovskite solar cells via a low
temperature, stable and solution process
Zhu-Bing He
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar
Electricity Generation (FSSEG), South University of Science and Technology of China, No. 1088,
Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
Low temperature, stable and facile solution processes are the typical characters in mass production of
next generation solar cells. According to the intrinsic characters of perovskite solar cells (PSCs),
interface engineering plays a key role in enhancing conversion efficiency and stability of PSCs, as
well as its impact on each kind of solar cells. In this report, we will introduce a series of low
temperature and facile solution processed materials in interface engineering for planar inverted
PSCs. Those cathode and anode interfacial materials played an important role in augment of
conversion efficiency through band alignment and dipole effect. Moreover, their stabilities in
utilization environments were also enhanced by hydromolecules resisting and locking penetrated
ions from bilayer, which leads to the degradation of devices. A series of experiments and
characterizations were performed and collected to support our discoveries. Our results provide a
scientific basis for the scale-up production of future PSCs.
55
3.3.3
Rational Material Design, Interface, and Device Engineering for
High-Performance Polymer and Perovskite Solar Cells
Alex K-Y. Jen
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195, USA E-mail: [email protected]
2
Department of Physics & Materials Science; 3Department of Biology and Chemistry
City University of Hong Kong
1
Advances in controlled synthesis, processing, and tuning of the properties of organic conjugated
polymers and peroskites have enabled significantly enhanced performance of organic and hybrid solar cells.
The performance of polymer and hybrid solar cells is strongly dependent on their efficiency in harvesting
light, exciton dissociation, charge transport, and charge collection at the metal/organic/metal oxide or the
metal/perovskite/metal oxide interfaces. In this talk, an integrated approach of combining material design,
interface, and device engineering to significantly improve the performance of polymer and hybrid perovskite
photovoltaic cells (PCE of ~20%) will be discussed. At the end, several new device architectures and optical
engineering strategies to make tandem cells and semitransparent solar cells will be discussed to explore the
full promise of polymer and perovskite hybrid solar cells.
56
3.3.4
Energy levels in organic- and perovskite-based photovoltaic cells
Norbert Koch1,2,3
Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, 2HelmholtzZentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Germany, 3Institute of Functional Nano & Soft
Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, China
1
Keywords: 5 keywords maximum related to your abstract.
The energy level alignment at interfaces in photovoltaic cells is of paramount importance for
device function and efficiency. In excitonic solar cells, proper type-II level alignment at the interface
between two semiconductors is required to ensure exciton dissociation without leading to excessive
energy loss of the charge carriers. Subsequent to charge generation the mobile carriers must be
transported towards the respective electrodes, ideally with high charge carrier selectivity. At present,
no reliable a priori models exist that would allow for predicting the level alignment at such complex
interfaces from individual material parameters. It turns out that the level alignment at organic
semiconductor heterojunctions is significantly impacted by the presence of electrodes, even when
several 10 nm away. This is exemplified for several prototypical junctions, along with an
electrostatic model that helps rationalizing this effect. Moreover, the importance of energetic
disorder in molecular and polymeric layers is discussed.
Over the past few years, the fundamental mechanism of level alignment with perovskite-based
semiconductors for solar cells has remained elusive. The reason is to be sought in the non-trivial
surface science of this material class. Our study of the electronic properties of metal halide
perovskites as function of ambient conditions is discussed as starting point for increased reliability in
interface studies with this material class.
57
Plenary3.1
Control of excitonic processes in organic semiconductors aimed for
high performance OLEDs and organic lasers
Daniel Ping-Kuen Tsang1, Hajime Nakanotani 1, 2, Atula S. D. Sandanayaka 1, 2, Toshinori Matsushima 1, 2, 3,
and Chihaya Adachi1,2,3
1 Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Japan
2 Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project,
c/o OPERA, Japan
3 International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Japan
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: OLED, Organic laser, TADF, CW lasing, Excited state
Through almost 30 years’ research and development, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) finally
realized the ultimate electroluminescence (EL) efficiency, i.e., nearly 100% electron to photon conversion.
The strong demands for ideal EL emitters pushed the development of novel light emitting molecules. In fact,
firstly room temperature phosphorescence molecules such as Ir(ppy)3 broke up the limitation of spin
restriction for harvesting electrically generated triplets to light. Furthermore, in recent years, a novel
conceptual emitter of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) also realized 100% internal EL
efficiency. The critical molecular design of TADF emitters originates to the sophisticated molecular design for
balancing radiative decay rate (kr) and a small energy gap between singlet and triplet energy levels (EST).
The unlimited molecular design allowed a wide variety of aromatic compounds for TADF emitters. In this talk,
we mention the history of TADF development, rational molecular design for highly efficient TADF, stability
and degradation mechanism and future prospective. Further, we introduce our next attempt of organic
semiconductor lasers aiming for electrical excitation. We recently succeeded realizing CW lasing by
engineering both singlet and triplet excited states.
58
Plenary3.2
Thermoelectric Conversion: New Opportunities and Challenges of Organic
Materials
Daoben Zhu
Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street 2,100190 Beijing, PR China
Thermoelectric conversion has attracted widely interests in the past decades. Organic thermoelectric
materials, a new member of thermoelectric materials, are recently considered as promising candidates owing
to their intrinsically low thermal conductivity, excellent flexibility and potential low cost. [1] Benefiting from
rapid development of materials sciences and chemical doping engineering, the main figure of merit (ZT) of
organic materials has experienced dramatic improvement. Both opportunities and challenges, however, still
existed in the further development of organic thermoelectrics to go for realizing its true benefits. In this
presentation, we demonstrate our recent studies on organic thermoelectric materials as well as the
thermoelectric devices. By taking advantages of systematic investigations, we demonstrate high performance
polymer and small molecule based n-type thermoelectric materials with ZT and power factor of 0.3 and > 200
μW m−1 K−2, respectively. [2-6] The device engineering of organic thermoelectrics, which mainly on the
construction of thermoelectric sensors, are also involved in this presentation.[7] In addition, we propose several
strategies to accelerate the development of organic thermoelectric materials and devices.
[1] Zhang, Q.; Sun, Y. M.; Xu, W.; Zhu, D. B. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 6829.
[2] Sun, Y. M.; Sheng, P.; Di, C. A.; Jiao, F.; Xu, W.; Qiu, D.; Zhu, D. B. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 932.
[3] Sun, Y. H.; Qiu, L.; Tang, L. P.; Wang, H. F.; Zhang, F. J.; Huang, D. Z.; Xu, W.; Yue, P.; Guang, Y.
S.; Jiao, F.; Sun, Y. M.; Tang, D. W.; Di, C. A.; Yi, Y. P.; Zhu, D. B. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 3351.
[4] Zhang, Q.; Sun, Y. M.; Xu, W.; Zhu, D. B. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 9639.
[5] Zhang, F. J.; Zang, Y. P.; Huang, D. Z.; Di, C. A.; Gao, X. K.; Zhu, D. B. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015,
25, 3004.
[6] Huang, D. Z.; Wang, C.; Zou, Y.; Shen, X. X.; Zang, Y. P.; Shen, H. G.; Gao, X. K.; Yi, Y. P.; Xu,
W.; Di, C. A.; Zhu, D. B. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 10672.
[7] Zhang, F. J.; Zang, Y. P.; Huang, D. Z.; Di, C. A.; Zhu, D. B. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 8356.
59
4.1.1
Highly efficient and color-stable hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes using
a blue emitter with thermally activated delayed fluorescence
Lian Duan*#
Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China. E-mail:
[email protected].
Keywords: TADF, energy transfer, white OLED, blue emitter, stability.
Hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) often undergo triplet energy loss through
the triplet state of the blue fluorophors. Here, blue fluorophors with thermally activated delayed
fluorescence (TADF) are introduced to solve this problem. The triplet excitons formed on blue
TADF fluorophors can be harvested by either energy transfer to the low-lying triplet states of the
phosphor or thermal upconversion to the emissive singlet states, eliminating the energy loss. For
example, an optimized WOLED using a TADF blue emitter achieves the highest forward-viewing
external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.8% and power efficiency of 51.2 lm/W with CIE
coordinates of (0.398, 0.456) at a luminance of 500 cd/m2. The device EQE only slightly drops to
19.6% at a practical luminance of 1000 cd/m2 with a power efficiency of 38.7 lm/W. Furthermore,
the spectra of the device are rather stable with the raising voltage. Moreover, we have also developed
stable blue TADF emitters for WOLEDs with much improved lifetime.
#
*
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
60
4.1.2
Controllable Synthesis of Highly-Fluorescent Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots
and Their Use in White Light Emitting Diodes
Yang Jiang1,*,#, Guopeng Li1, Yajing Chang1 Zhifeng Zhu1, Hui Wang1
1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology (HFUT), Hefei,
Anhui, 230009, P. R. China.
Keywords: Perovskite, colloidal quantum dots, cesium lead halides, white light emitting diodes, stability
Cesium lead halide quantum dots (QDs) have the tunable photoluminescence being capable of
covering the entire visible spectrum and high quantum yield, which makes them a new family
member of fluorescent materials for various applications. Here, we report the synthesis of CsPbX3
(X=Cl, Br, I, or mixed Cl/Br and Br/I) QDs by direct ion reactions in ether solvents, and demonstrate
for the first time the synergetic effects of solvent polarity and reaction temperature on the nucleation
and growth of QDs. The use of solvent with a low polarity enables controlled growth of QDs, which
facilitates the synthesis of high-quality CsPbX3 QDs with broadly tunable luminescence, narrow
emission width, and high quantum yield. We also demonstrate a QDs-white LED (WLED) by
coating the highly-fluorescent green-emissive CsPbBr3 QDs together with red phosphors on a blue
InGaN chip, which presents excellent warm white light emission with a high rendering index of 93.2
and Tc of 5447 K, suggesting the potential applications of highly fluorescent cesium lead halide
perovskite QDs as an alternative color converter in the fabrication of WLEDs.
We also illustrate a ligand exchange induced co-precipitation (LEIC) approach to fabricate composites
based on CsPbX3 QDs incorporated in stearate (e.g., zinc stearate). This approach can be performed in large
scale without harsh reaction condition, which is green, fast and efficient. More importantly, this approach
enables the purification of QDs and retains their PLQY at the same time. The tight matrix protects QDs from
the surrounding environment thus increasing the stability.
Figures：Cesium lead halide quantum dots and their white Light Emitting Diodes(left), and CsPbX3
QDs/zinc stearate composite with high stability is synthesized by ligand exchange induced coprecipitation approach(right).
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author : Email: [email protected] ( Prof. Yang Jiang )
*
61
4.1.3
Enhanced Extraction in Flexible OLEDs with Nanostructured Substrates
Jianxin Tang*,#
Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
Tel.: +86-512-6588-0942, E-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: Flexible OLEDs, light extraction, flexible transparent electrode,
Flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) hold great promise for future bendable display and
curved lighting applications. One key challenge of high-performance flexible OLEDs is to develop new
flexible transparent conductive electrodes with superior mechnical, electrical and optical properties. Herein,
we demonstrate a new strategy to achieve a powerful transparent conductive electrode on plastic substrate that
combines a quasi-random nanostructured optical coupling layer and an ultrathin metal alloy conduction layer.
The optimum electrical conductivity, optical manipulation capability, and high tolerance to mechanical
bending are realized in this composite electrode, which is favorable for the fabrication of ITO-free flexible
OLEDs with state-of-the-art performance on low-refractive-index plastic substrate. The angularly and
spectrally independent boost in light outcoupling of white emission is obtained by minimizing the waveguide
mode, metallic electrode-related microcavity effect and surface plasmonic loss due to the integrated quasirandom outcoupling structure in the composite electrode. The resulting white flexible OLED exhibits the high
enhancement in efficiency, e.g., external quantum efficiency of 47.2% and power efficiency of 112.4 lm/W. In
addition, this composite electrode has a scalable manufacturing potential in large-area flexible electronic
systems.
10
60
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30
10
2
10
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4
5
6
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7
8
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10
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10
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10
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3
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10
5
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4
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0.5
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MDCE
NMDCE
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10
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MDCE
NMDCE
20
0
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30
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3
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-2
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0
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90
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NMDCE
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10
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400
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MDCE
NMDCE
500
600
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700
Fig. 1. Device structure and performance of flexible white OLEDs. (a) Current density and luminance as a
function of driving voltage. (b) EQE as a function of luminance. (c) CE and PE as a function of luminance. (d)
Normalized EL spectra at 1000 cd m-2. Inset is the photograph of white-emission flexible OLED.
References
1. L. H. Xu, Q. D. Ou, Y. Q. Li, Y. B. Zhang, X. D. Zhao, H. Y. Xiang, J. D. Chen, L. Zhou, S. T. Lee, J. X.
Tang, ACS Nano 10, 1625 (2016).
2. H. Y. Xiang, Y. Q. Li, L. Zhou, H. J. Xie, C. Li, Q. D. Ou, L. S. Chen, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, J. X. Tang,
ACS Nano 9, 7553 (2015).
3. L. Zhou, H. Y. Xiang, S. Shen, Y. Q. Li, J. D. Chen, H. J. Xie, I. A Goldthorpe, L. S. Chen, S. T. Lee, J. X.
Tang, ACS Nano 8, 12796 (2014).
62
4.1.4
Development of High EQE OLEDs: from Efficient Internal Generation to
External Extraction
Chung-Chih Wu1,a)* #, Ken-Tsung Wong2, Yun Chi3
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
2
Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
3
Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Taipei, Taiwan
a)
[email protected]
1
Keywords: OLED, internal quantum efficiency, light out-coupling, phosphorescence, TADF.
To achieve ultimately high external quantum efficiencies of OLEDs, OLED materials and device
architectures that can achieve high internal quantum efficiencies and high optical out-coupling efficiencies are
equally important. In the paper, we will present some of our recent works on OLED materials and devices that
can provide ideal internal quantum efficiencies and high optical out-coupling efficiencies.
In addition to phosphorescent transition metal complexes, metal-free luminophores showing efficient
thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are also emerging as attractive alternatives for harvesting
both singlet and triplet excitons in organic electroluminescence (EL) to achieve ideal 100% internal quantum
efficiency. In this presentation, in addition to presentation of some efficient (blue to red emitting)
phosprescent emitters, a few series of TADF emitters having highly efficient photophyical properties and EL
properties will be discussed. For instance, extremely efficient blue organic EL with external quantum
efficiency (EQE) of ~37% is achieved in a conventional planar device structure, using a highly efficient
TADF emitter based on the spiroacridine-triazine hybrid that simultaneously possesses nearly unitary (100%)
photoluminescence quantum yield, excellent thermal stability, and strongly horizontally oriented emitting
dipoles (with a horizontal dipole ratio of 83%). Yet as another example, efficient and tunable blue-green to
yellow TADF emitters capable of generating OLED EQEs of >31% are developed adopting the acridine donor
unit and CN-substituted benzene, pyridine and pyrimidine acceptor units. These materials permit one to
systematically probe the influence of different acceptor strengths and also the influence of tunable
conformations (twist angles) within the acceptor moieties through controlling the orientation of asymmetric
heteroaromatic ring relative to the donor component.
On the other hand, we will also show that judicious use of low-index active organic materials and
transparent electrodes in OLEDs, together with OLED emitters with preferentially horizontal emitting dipoles,
can effectively enhance optical coupling both into substrate and directly into air. We will discuss a few OLED
structures that contain low-index active organic materials and transparent conductors and could significantly
enhance light out-coupling of OLEDs, including: (1) an OLED using the low-index hole-injection layer, (2) an
OLED using the low-index transparent electrode to replace conventional ITO, and (3) an OLED using the
low-index transparent electrode and a high-index underlayer. As a result, OLED EQEs of up to 39% had been
achieved with the simple planar device structure, while EQE of 64-65% had been achieved further with
further adopting simple external extraction schemes.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
63
4.2.1
Rational Materials Design for Ultrafast Rechargeable Lithium-ion Batteries
Xiaodong Chen*
Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological
University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
[email protected]
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are important electrochemical energy storage devices for consumer
electronics and emerging electrical/hybrid vehicles. However, one of the formidable challenges is to develop
ultrafast charging LIBs with the rate capability at least one order of magnitude higher than that of the
currently commercialized LIBs. In this talk, I will present our recent development of ultrafast charging LIBs
by the rational design of materials. First of all, I will discuss the protocol to rationally grow elongated titanate
nanotubes with length up to tens of micrometers by a stirring hydrothermal method. The mechanical forcedriven stirring process synchronously improving the diffusion and surface reaction rate of titanate nanocrystal
growth in solution phase is the reason for lengthening the titanate nanotubes via an oriented attachment
mechanism. This protocol to synthesize elongated nanostructures can be extended to other nanostructured
systems, opening up new opportunities for manufacturing advanced functional materials for high-performance
energy storage devices. Then, we will show how a robust three-dimensional network architecture with antiaggregation property is formed for long-time cycling through the assembly of continuous one-dimensional
TiO2 nanotubes, which provides direct and rapid ion/electron transport pathways and adequate electrodeelectrolyte contact and short lithium ion diffusion distance comparing with other nanostructures. Finally, the
future trends and perspectives for the ultrafast rechargeable LIBs are discussed. Continued rapid progress in
this area is essential and urgent to endow LIBs with ultrafast charging capability to meet huge demands in the
near future.
64
4.2.2
Hierarchically Porous Materials as Electrodes for Energy Storage Batteries
LongweiYin*, Zhaoqiang Li, Xiaoli Ge, Zhiwei Zhang, Qun Li
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 17923 Jing Shi Road, Jinan 250061,
Emal:[email protected]
The increasing demand for higher energy density storage devices steers scientific researches on high
capacity electrode materials. Carbon aerogel (CA) represents a novel and special type of porous carbon
material with interconnected structure, and higher electrical conductivity than other materials. The principal
features of CA materials are a high surface area (400-900 m2/g) and a high pore volume (1-3 cm3/g). Due to
its controllable three-dimensional porous structures, CA is considered to be an ideal electrode material for
supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries due to their unique three-dimensional nano-network, high specific
surface area, abundant mesopores and high electric conductivity. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or
coordination polymers have drawn much attention for their applications as electrodes for energy storage
applications. MOFs consisting of organic ligands and metal ions, can transform into carbon materials and
metal species with proper methods. Carbon materials derived from MOFs by simply carbonization of organic
ligand and removal of metal species have shown good electrochemical performance in lithium-sulfur batteries
and lithium-selenium battery applications. MOFs derived tailorable metal oxides or metal oxide/carbon
nanomaterials with unique nanostructures exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance when used as
LIBs anodes. In the present work, nitrogen-doped carbon sponges (NCS) composed of hierarchically
micropores carbon layers, a sandwich-like structure with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) wrapped MOFderived ZnCo2O4-ZnO-C polyhedrons on nickel foam as an anode for high performance lithium ion batteries
(LIBs), core@shell structure of Fe2O3@Co3O4 hollow structures from MOFs precursors are synthesized.
Three dimensional S/carbon aerogel (CA), spinel ZnMn2O4/CA, Co3O4/CA hybrids with abundant pores and
large surface area, are designed and synthesized. The electrochemical energy storage performance and related
mechanism, the relation between the microstructure and the electrochemical performance are systematically
investaiged. offers a new way and provides guidelines for designing electrode architectures and cell
configurations to achieve high-energy-density batteries.
Keywords: porous; metal-organic framework; carbon aerogel; electrochemical energy storage; electrode.
65
4.2.3
Developing Sn based alloy materials for anode applications in Na-ion batteries
Wenhui Wang, Danni Lan, Quan Li *#
Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, HongKong
1
Keywords: Sodium ion battery, Anode, Tin-based alloy
Na ion batteries (NIBs) are promising alternatives for Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) mainly due to the Na
abundance and low cost. Unlike Li-ion batteries, graphite no longer works as a suitable anode, as the larger
size of Na+ makes it impossible for its insertion into the spaces between adjacent layers of the graphite.
Consequently, developing anode materials for sodium ion batteries becomes a major task to enable practical
application of NIBs for large scale storage. Among various material choices, Sn is a promising candidate due
to its high theoretical capacity (847mAh/g or 1210Ah/L). Nevertheless, Sn suffers from problems of
significant volume change, stress built-up, and aggregation during charge/discharge processes, leading to
quick performance decay over a few cycles.
In the present work, we tackle this problem by alloying Sn with other elements, trying to reduce the stress
built-up and aggregation of Sn, and thus improving the cycling stability of the anode materials. We will
discuss the roles of various material parameters of the Sn-based alloys in determining their electrochemical
performance of the anode. We show that by choosing the right alloy and controlling the size and composition
of the alloy material via different fabrication techniques, the cycling performance of the anode can be largely
enhanced.
This work is supported by RGC/GRF under project No. 14316716
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
66
4.2.4
Recent Progress of the Novel Aluminum-Graphite Dual-Ion Battery
Xiaolong Zhang, Fan Zhang, Xuefeng Tong, Bifa Ji, Maofa Sheng,
Chun-Sing Lee, Yongbing Tang,*
Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055
* Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Abstract
We report a novel aluminum-graphite dual-ion battery (AGDIB) in an conventional electrolyte with
high reversibility and high energy density. It is the first report on using an aluminum anode in dualion battery. The battery shows good reversibility, delivering a capacity of ~100 mAh g−1 and
capacity retention of 88% after 200 charge-discharge cycles at 2 C (1 C corresponding to 100 mA
g−1). A packaged aluminum-graphite battery is estimated to deliver an energy density of ~150 Wh
kg-1 at a power density of ~1200 W kg-1, which is ~50% higher than most commercial lithium ion
batteries. In this talk, we will present recent progress of this battery.
Fig. 1 a) Schematic illustration of the AGDIB in the initial state (up) and the charged state (below).
b) Galvanostatic charge-discharge curve of the AGDIB at 0.5 C. Insets are the dQ/dV differential
curve and a photograph showing that a single AGDIB cell lighting up two yellow LEDs in series.
Keywords: aluminum, graphite, anion intercalation, dual ion battery
References
1. X.L. Zhang, Y. B. Tang,* et al. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201502588
2. X.F. Tong, F. Zhang, Y. B. Tang,* et al. Adv. Mater. 2016, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603735
3. B.F. Ji, F. Zhang, Y. B. Tang*, et al. Adv. Mater. 2016, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604219
4. F. Zhang, Y. B. Tang*, et al. Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2016, DOI: 10.1002/admi.201600605
5. M. H. Sheng, Y. B. Tang*, et al. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, DOI: 10.1002/aenm. 201601963
67
4.3.1
High Performance Solution-Processed Perovskite Hybrid Solar Cells via Device Engineering and Novel
Materials
Xiong Gong, Ph. D.
College of Polymer Science and polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron OH 44325
E-mail: [email protected]
Efficiently and economically harnessing the solar energy via photovoltaic (PV) devices presents as one of
promising solutions to the global energy crisis. However, over 80% available PVs are silicon-based solar cells
and inorganic thin film solar cells, which are expensive and require critical processing techniques. Solutionprocessed perovskites hybrids solar cells have shown great potential as novel, high-efficient and low-cost PV
devices, which are renewable, economic and green energy sources in the future energy market. In this
presentation, I would like to share with you how we approach high-performance solution-processed perovskite
hybrid solar cells.
-
In order to facilitate electron extraction efficiency in perovskite solar cells and make it
comparable to the hole extraction efficiency, we, for the first time, demonstrate bulk
heterojuncion perovskite hybrid solar cells with enhanced efficiency and less photo-hysteresis;
- By reengineering the interface of solution-processed perovskite materials with cross-linkable
ionomer and polymer doped high electrical conductive hole extraction layer, we are able to
demonstrate perovskite hybrid solar cells with boosted efficiency and significantly reduced
photo-hysteresis;
- In order to balance charge transporting properties and eliminate toxic lead, we have developed
novel perovskite materials incorporated with transition metals for substituting lead. Both
electron and hole transporting properties of resultant perovskite materials are enhanced. As a
result, the power conversation efficiencies of solution-processed perovskite hybrid solar cells
fabricated by these novel perovskite materials are significantly boosted.
Keywords: Perovskite Hybrid Solar Cells, Interfacial Engineering, Device Structures and Novel
Materials
68
4.3.2
Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells under Continuous Light Irradiation
Chuanjiang Qin*,#, Toshinori Matsushima, Chihaya Adachi*
Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University,
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project,
744 Motooka, Nishii, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: stability, degradation mechanism, carrier traps, Frenkel defect, perovskite solar cells
Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites have emerged as an interesting class of materials that have
excellent photovoltaic properties for application to solar cells. In the last four years, the power conversion
efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) over 20% has recently been realized through systematic
optimization of materials and fabrication processes. However, the stability of PSCs is just beginning to be
studied, and the actual degradation mechanisms of PSCs are not well understand. Carrier traps (in other words,
defect states or gap states) are well known to impede carrier collection by the electrodes and act as carrier
recombination centers, which are detrimental to solar cell performance. Here, we investigate the degradation
mechanisms of CH3NH3PbI3-based PSCs using a thermally stimulated current technique, which is a versatile
technique used to analyze carrier traps in inorganic and organic materials. We show that a large density of
hole traps is formed in PSCs degraded by continuous solar illumination and that the formation of hole traps is
strongly related to the stability. This is the first report describing the trap-induced degradation of PSC
performance.[1] One source of the traps is metallic lead resulting from photodegradation of CH3NH3PbI3 in the
presence of water. We greatly extended the lifetime of PSCs under standard laboratory weathering testing
(ISOS-L-1 Laboratory) with a light intensity of 100 mW cm-2 without using a UV filter from 150 hours to
4000 hours by suppressing the formation of Frenkel defect-metallic lead, which is longest device lifetime
reported so far as shown in Figure 1.[2]
Figure 1. Evolution curves of JSC, VOC, FF, and η for the device with the longest lifetime under continuous
one sun solar irradiation (100 mW cm−2, AM 1.5G) without a UV cut filter at open-circuit conditions.
[1] C. Qin, T. Matsushima, T. Fujihara, W. J. Potscavage, Jr., and C. Adachi, “Degradation mechanisms of
solution-processed planar perovskite solar cells: thermally stimulated current measurement for analysis of
carrier traps”, Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, No. 3, (2016), pp 466-471.
[2] C. Qin, T. Matsushima, T. Fujihara, and C. Adachi, “Multifunctional benzoquinone additive for efficient
and stable planar perovskite solar cells”, Advanced Materials, in press.
69
4.3.3
Surfactant n-Dopant in Cathode Interlayer or Electron Transport Layer for
Polymer or Perovskite Solar Cells with Improving Performance
Chih-Yu Chang,1,* Wen-Kuan Huang,1 Kuan-Ting Lee,1 Jhao-Lin Wu,2,3 Chao-Tsen Chen,2 Chin-Ti Chen3,*,#
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan,
2
Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, 3Institute of Chemistry,
Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
Keywords: cathode interlayer, n-dopant, polymer photovoltaic, perovskite solar cell, ZrOx, PC61BM.
We present a simple and effective method to improve the performance and stability of organic and
perovskite solar cells by the incorporation of room temperature solution-processed cetyltrimethylammonium
bromide (CTAB)-doped zirconium oxide (ZrOx) as cathode interlayer. Via anion-induced electron transfer
between the bromide anions (Br−) of CTAB and ZrOx in the solid state, electrical conductivity was
significantly improved from 4.3 × 10-9 to 2.9 × 10-5 S cm-1. CTAB doping lifts up work function of ZrOxcoated Ag electrode from 4.21 to 3.72 eV, which facilitates a better ohmic contact to a polymer (PTB7 or
PDPP-TBT):fullerene (PC61BM or PC71BM) bulk heterojunction or perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3)/PC61BM bilayer
and a higher built-in potential of the device. These are the causes for higher short-circuit current (JSC), higher
open-circuit voltage (Voc), and hence better power conversion efficiency (PCE), 9.3 vs. 3.2% (PTB7), 2.5 vs.
0.6% (PDPP-TBT), 15.9 vs. 7.1% (perovskite). Surfactant CTAB-doped PC61BM works as well in p-type
perovskite solar cells. The combination of the ion pair interaction (from PC61BM radical anion and
cetyltrimethylammonium cation) and long floppy cetyl group of CTAB reduces the aggregation of PC61BM
and promotes the coverage of the PC61BM thin film onto the perovskite layer. Our fabricated p-type
perovskite solar cells deliver PCE as high as 17.11%, which is much better than CH3NH3PbI3/PC61BM devices
without CTAB dopant (PCE is only 2.15%). Moreover, CTAB-doped perovskite solar cells showed little
hysteresis and retained 80% of the initial PCE after 360 hours of shelf-storage, where devices were under
ambient conditions (30 oC, ~60% relative humidity) without extra package or encapsulation.
1. Chang, C.-Y.; Huang, W.-K.; Chang, Y.-C.; Lee, K.-T.; Chen, C.-T. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 640-648.
A solution-processed n-doped fullerene cathode interfacial layer for efficient and stable large-area
perovskite solar cells
2. Chang, C.-Y.; Huang, W.-K.; Wu, J.-L.; Chang, Y.-C.; Lee, K.-T.; Chen, C.-T. Chem. Mater. 2016, 28,
242-251. Room-temperature solution-processed n‑ doped zirconium oxide cathode buffer layer for
efficient and stable organic and hybrid perovskite solar cells
70
4.3.4
Interface and Crystallization Engineering of Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials for
High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Shihe Yang
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
E_mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hybrid organic/inorganic perovskite solar cells continue to attract the interest of a wide
community of researchers. One of the outstanding features of the perovskite materials is their
solution processibility while forming high-quality films for photovoltaic and optoelectronic
devices. In order to improve the perovskite film growth from solutions, it is important to
understand the physical and chemical processes involved. In this contribution, we will present our
studies on the interplay of nanostructured electrodes, perovskite films and their interfaces. The
impact of the interplay on solar cell performance, including power conversion efficiency,
stability, etc., will be discussed through a few examples using specially designed nanobowl
array electrode of mesoporous TiO2, sol-gel processed NiO and nanostructured carbon..
Acknowledgements. The collaborators who have variously contributed to the work presented here
are gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by the HK-RGC (GRF No.
16300915), NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme (N_HKUST610/14) and HK-ITF
(ITS/004/14).
71
Plenary4.1
Electrochemical Process and Interfacial Structure
in Lithium-Sulfur Battery: Materials and in Situ AFM Study
Li-Jun Wan
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
and University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are highly appealing for large-scale energy storage owing to its
promising theoretical energy density. The main issues of the Li-S battery regarding performance
fading are highly related to electrode materials as well as the interfacial properties. Here, we present
the electrochemical process of a Li-S battery. Based on the electrochemical mechanism, we prepared
several electrode materials and made a direct visualization of interfacial structure and dynamics of
Li-S discharge/charge processes at nanoscale. In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) along with ex
situ spectroscopic methods directly distinguish the morphology and growth process of insoluble
product Li2S2 and Li2S2. These findings reveal a straightforward structure-reactivity correlation and
performance fading mechanism in Li-S batteries.
72
5.1.1
Multilayer Transparent Electrodes: from Flexible OLEDs to See-through Solar
Cells
Seunghyup Yoo1*#, Jaeho Lee1, and Hoyeon Kim1
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),
Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
1
Keywords: transparent electrodes, graphene, flexible OLED, semitransparent solar cells, perovskite
We explore multilayer transparent electrodes (MTEs) as a versatile alternative to transparent conductive
oxides. Based on triple layers consisting of an external dielectric layer, a thin metal layer or emerging
conducting layer like graphene, and an interfacial transparent buffer layer, these MTEs can be easily tailored
to specific applications such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and solar cells yet holds a great
promise for optical enhancement of efficiency, realization of flexible form factors, and so on. As a key
example, this talk will introduce highly flexible OLEDs and see-through perovskite solar cells based on these
MTEs. The flexible OLED adopts bottom MTEs based on TiO2 as a high-index dielectric layer, graphene, and
a conducting polymer layer as a low-index layer [1]. Its electrode and overall device structure is optimized to
take an advantage of their full optical potential for ultra-efficient devices. In case of see-through solar cells,
the non-damaging nature of MTEs is utilized as a top transparent electrode essential in semi-transparent
devices with active layers having a relatively low damage threshold. With an MTE based on ZnS-Ag-MoOx,
see-through perovskite solar cells with high efficiency is realized [2]. The study further reveals that it can
provide an additional benefit of thermal IR reflection, which could be useful for smart energy management.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
REFERENCES
[1] Jaeho Lee, Tae-Hee Han, Min-Ho Park, Dae Yool Jung, Jeongmin Seo, Hong-Kyu Seo, Hyunsu Cho,
Eunhye Kim, Jin Chung, Sung-Yool Choi, Taek-Soo Kim, Tae-Woo Lee, Seunghyup Yoo, “Synergetic
electrode architecture for efficient graphene-based flexible organic light-emitting diodes,” Nature
Communications 7, 11791 (2016)
[2] Hoyeon Kim, Hui‐Seon Kim, Jaewon Ha, Nam‐Gyu Park, Seunghyup Yoo, “Empowering
Semi‐Transparent Solar Cells with Thermal‐Mirror Functionality,” Advanced Energy Materials, 6,
1502466 (2016)
73
5.1.2
Triplet Harvesting in Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Hybrid White OLEDs
Xiao-Ke Liu1,a), Chun-Sing Lee2, Xiao-Hong Zhang3
Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
2
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials Science,
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
3
Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou
Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
1
Keywords: fluorescence, phosphorescence, TADF, exciplex, charge-transfer states
Fluorescence and phosphorescence hybrid white OLEDs (F-P WOLEDs) combining blue fluorescent
emitters with green/orange/red phosphors have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their
promising applications in solid-state lighting. To realize high-efficiency F-P WOLEDs, electrically generated
singlet and triplet excitons are expected to be effectively separated and then respectively harvested by the blue
fluorophore and the green/orange/red phosphors to generate white light.[1] One of the most challenging issues
for F-P WOLEDs is to achieve full triplet harvesting from the blue fluorophore to green phosphors. This
challenge raises new claims on the blue fluorophores, including high efficiency and high triplet energy level,
etc.
In this talk, we will represent our rational concepts for designing and developing efficient and high-triplet
blue fluorophores for high performance F-P WOLEDs. The first concept is to establish intramolecular chargetransfer (CT) states in the blue fluorophores by using donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) backbones. In such a D-π-A
molecule, HOMO and LUMO would be mainly distributed on the D unit and the A unit, respectively, and
suitable overlap between the HOMO and the LUMO would be located on the π bridge. This design ensures
that the molecule emits strong blue fluorescence and has high triplet energy level. On the basis of this design,
we developed a series of blue fluorophores with triplet energy levels >2.4 eV and high EQEs.[2] High
performance and simple-structured F-P WOLEDs were achieved based on these blue fluorophores.[2b, 2c]
The second concept for effective triplet harvesting in F-P WOLEDs is to use blue exciplexes with
thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Since pioneering work was reported by Adachi and
coworkers[3], TADF exciplexes have been widely studied and used as emitters and hosts.[4] Considering that
blue TADF exciplexes have intrinsic high triplet energy levels due to their nearly zero singlet-triplet energy
gaps, they would be a promising candidate for F-P WOLEDs. Following this concept, we realized high
performance F-P WOLEDs based on TADF blue exciplexes.[5]
[1] Y. R. Sun, N. C. Giebink, H. Kanno, B. W. Ma, M. E. Thompson, S. R. Forrest, Nature 2006, 440, 908.
[2] a) X.-K Liu, C.-J. Zheng, M.-F. Lo, J. X., C.-S. Lee, M.-K. Fung, X.-H. Zhang, Chem. Commun. 2014, 50,
2027; b) X.-K. Liu, C.-J. Zheng, M.-F. Lo, J. Xiao, Z. Chen, C.-L. Liu, C.-S. Lee, M.-K. Fung, X.-H. Zhang,
Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 4454; c) Z. Chen, X.-K. Liu, C.-J. Zheng, J. Ye, X.-Y. Li, F. Li, X.-M. Ou, X.-H.
Zhang, J. Mater. Chem. C 2015, 3, 4283.
[3] K. Goushi, K. Yoshida, K. Sato, C. Adachi, Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 253.
[4] a) X.-K. Liu, Z. Chen, C.-J. Zheng, C.-L. Liu, C.-S. Lee, F. Li, X.-M. Ou, X.-H. Zhang, Adv. Mater. 2015,
27, 2378; b) X.-K. Liu, Z. Chen, C.-J. Zheng, M. Chen, W. Liu, X.-H. Zhang, C.-S. Lee, Adv. Mater. 2015, 27,
2025; c) J.-H. Lee, S.-H. Cheng, S.-J. Yoo, H. Shin, J.-H. Chang, C.-I. Wu, K.-T. Wong, J.-J. Kim, Adv. Funct.
Mater. 2015, 25, 361.
[5] a) X.-K. Liu, Z. Chen, J. Qing, W.-J. Zhang, B. Wu, H. L. Tam, F. Zhu, X.-H. Zhang, C.-S. Lee, Adv.
Mater. 2015, 27, 7079; b) Z. Chen, X.-K. Liu, C.-J. Zheng, J. Ye, C.-L. Liu, F. Li, X.-M. Ou, C.-S. Lee, X.-H.
Zhang, Chem. Mater. 2015, 27, 5206; c) X.-K. Liu, W. Chen, H. T. Chandran, J. Qing, Z. Chen, X.-H. Zhang,
C.-S. Lee, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 26135.
a) [email protected]
74
5.1.3
Novel Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials-Thioxanthone
Derivatives and Their Application for OLEDs
Ying Wang1,2#*, Hui Wang1, Lingqiang Meng1, Lisha Xie3, Xiaopeng Lv4, Pengfei Wang1,2
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29 Zhongguancun East
Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,
100049, P. R. China; 3College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology,
Beijing, 100029, P. R. China; 4 Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key
Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R.
China
1
Keywords: Thioxanthone derivatives, Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), Organic light
emitting diodes.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters based on pure organic aromatic compounds
aroused much attention in that an internal quantum efficiency of 100% can be achieved by taking advantage of
the efficient up-conversion of the triplet excitons. Novel TADF emitters based on thioxanthone unit, TXOTPA and TXO-PhCz, were reported. Both emitters exhibited high fluorescent efficiency and small energy gap
between the triplet and singlet (EST), affording the high efficient up-conversion process from triplet states to
singlet states. Their application in the high performance organic light emitting diodes were investigated in
detail. Novel phosphorescent host based on thioxanthone unit with TADF was also reported. The host with
TADF can be used to reduce the efficiency roll-off of red and yellow light phosphorescent OLEDs. These
results made thioxanthone derivatives promising for the application in the future organic flat panel display and
solid-state lighting.
100
(b) (a) EQE(%)
10
TXO-TPA
TXO-PHCZ
1
0.1
1
10
100
2
Luminance (cd/m )
1000
(c) MTXSFCz Figure 1. (a) Chemical structure of TXO-TPA and TXO-PhCz (inset) and device performance of OLEDs based on
them; (b) EL spectra of multilayer white OLEDs; (c) Chemical structure of MTXSFCz and their device
performance of red and yellow phosphorescent OLEDs.
References
1. H. Uoyama, K. Goushi, K. Shizu, H. Nomura, C. Adachi*, Nature 2012, 492, 234-238.
2. S. Ishijima, M. Higashi, H. Yamaguchi*, J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 10432-10435.
3. H. Wang, L. Xie, Q. Peng, L. Meng, Y. Wang*, Y. Yi, P. Wang*, Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 5198−5204.
4. H. Wang, L. Meng, X. Shen, X. Wei, X. Zheng, X. Yi, Y. Wang*, P. Wang*, Adv. Mater. 2015, 26, 5198−5204.
5. L. Meng, H. Wang, X. Wei, X. Lv, Y. Wang*, P. Wang, RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 59137-59141.
6. L. Meng, H. Wang, X. Wei, J. Liu, Y. Chen, X. Kong, X. Lv, P. Wang, Y. Wang*, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
2016, 8, 20955-20961.
7. L. Xie, G. Ge, Y. Chen, H. Wang, X. Kong, X. Wei, J. Liu, Y. Yi, B. Chen, P. Wang, Y. Wang*, J. Mater.
Chem. C 2016, Accepted.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author [email protected]
*
75
5.2.1
In-situ measurement of the thickness change of dense Si electrodes in lithium-ion
batteries using electrochemical dilatometry
Pui-Kit Leea, Yingshun Lia,b, Denis Y.W. Yua,b,#,*
School of Energy and Environment and bCenter of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films,
City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.
[email protected]
a
Keywords: Lithium-ion battery, silicon, in-situ dilatometry, mechanical issue, binder
Silicon has been the focus of many research studies as the next generation high-capacity anode material
for lithium-ion batteries. However, the mechanical stability of the electrode remains a bottleneck to the
commercialization of the material. Many studies were devoted to nanostructured silicon composites with
voids to accommodate the volume expansion [1]. Yet, full capability of silicon cannot be utilized because of
the low volumetric energy density of these nanostructures. To increase the volumetric energy density
compared to graphite, dense silicon electrodes are needed. Volume expansion within the electrode becomes an
important factor affecting its cycle stability. In reality, how much is the volume expansion? What is the
mechanism during the charge and discharge? Few studies have addressed these issues. In this work, we
employed electrochemical dilatometry to measure the thickness change of Si electrodes during charge and
discharge to understand the behavior with time.
Fig. 1 shows the change in thickness with respect to
cumulative capacity of a Si electrode with 20% carbon
black and 20% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) during
the first three cycles. As expected, an increase in
electrode thickness is observed during lithiation (increase
in capacity), and a decrease in thickness during
delithiation (decrease in capacity). The increase and
decrease in electrode thickness are however not linear. A
three-stage expansion model is used to describe the
observation. At the beginning of lithiation (stage I), the
electrode thickness change is small, as the composite
electrode contains space between the particles that can Fig. 1: Change in electrode thickness with lithiation and
accommodate the volume expansion. Beyond a certain delithiation (Si:AB:CMC = 6:2:2).
point, the particles impinge on each other and the volume
expansion of the particles lead to an overall increase in
the film thickness (stage II). The amount of increment during stage II is similar to the theoretical increase in
volume (dotted line in Fig. 1) for alloying Li with Si, indicating that it is due to structural change within the
particle. Further incorporation of lithium into the electrode leads to an accelerated increase in thickness (stage
III). The onset of stage III expansion depends on the type of binder used in the electrode, which suggests that
it is affected by the ability of the binder to hold the particles together. During delithiation (stage IV), the
contraction behavior is different from that during expansion. This is partly because the particle can contract in
all three directions, as opposed to one direction during lithiation. The Si electrode with CMC shows poor
cycle performance, and binder breakdown is one of the main causes of the electrode degradation.
Better reversibility in thickness change is achieved by using a high-modulus binder such as polyimide,
resulting in better cycle stability. This is attributed to the ability of the PI binder to hold the particles together
after expansion. More experimental details and results will be shown during the presentation.
References
1) Wu, H. & Cui, Y. Nano Today 7, 414-420 (2012).
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
76
5.2.2
Improved electrochemical performance of SnO2/CNT anodes for Na-ion batteries
with controlled crystallinity and reaction kinetics
Jiang Cui,* # Shanshan Yao, Jang-Kyo Kim
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (J. Cui)
Keywords: Na-ion batteries; SnO2; anode; sodiation kinetics; in situ TEM
Li-ion batteries (LIBs) presently dominate the rechargeable battery markets, especially for portable
electronics and electric vehicles, and there have been increasing calls for developing batteries with
reduced materials and manufacturing costs for large-scale energy storage applications [1,2]. As an
alternative to LIBs, cost-effective Na-ion batteries (NIBs) have drawn much attention thanks to the lower
cost of sodium and the working principles similar to LIBs. As one of the most promising anode materials
for NIBs, SnO2 is non-toxic and abundant together with a high theoretical capacity up to 1378 mAh g-1 [3].
However, the practical capacity is far below the expected value from theory, which has been the major
obstacle hindering its further development and commercialization. To resolve the abovementioned issue, this
work is devoted to specifically studying the Na storage mechanisms of SnO2 by combining electrochemical
characterization tools, including ex situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and in situ transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) examination. On the contrary to previous understanding of the “alloying reaction” as the
major sodiation process, we discover [4] that the kinetically-controlled reversible “conversion reaction”
between Na and SnO2 is responsible for Na storage in SnO2. To enhance the kinetics of conversion reaction,
carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are incorporated into the electrode as the conductive substrate and the SnO2 particle
sizes are reduced by controlling their degree of crystallinity. As a result, the SnO2/CNT composite anode
delivers a specific capacity of 630.4 mAh g-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g-1, and 324.1 mAh g-1 at a high rate
of 1.6 A g-1. Furthermore, the in situ TEM reveals much reduced volume expansion of the composite anode
compared to the pristine SnO2, which in turn gives rise to an excellent capacity retention of 69 % after 300
cycles. These findings may provide new insights into fundamental understanding of Na storage mechanisms
of SnO2 anodes and offer a potential solution to the conversion reaction-based anode materials with generally
low capacities.
[1]
H. Pan, Y.-S. Hu, L. Chen, Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 2338.
[2]
S.-W. Kim, D.-H. Seo, X. Ma, G. Ceder, K. Kang, Adv. Energy Mater. 2012, 2, 710.
[3]
B. Zhang, J. Huang, J.-K. Kim, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 25, 5222.
[4]
J. Cui, Z.-L. Xu, S. Yao, J. Huang, J. Huang, S. Abouali, M. A. Garakani, X. Ning, J.-K. Kim, J. Mater.
Chem. A 2016, 4, 10964.
77
5.2.3
Nanorod to Porous Nanofibers: a Novel Strategy to Improve Lithium-Ion Storage
Performance of Zn2GeO4
Huan-Huan Li, Jing-Ping Zhang*
Faculty of Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast
Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Keywords: lithium-ion batteries, Zn2GeO4, anode materials, electrospinning, carbon-free.
Among various anode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), Zn2GeO4 is proposed as a promising one
for LIBs because of its high theoretical capacity up to 1443 mA h g-1 (originated from the dual Li-alloying
reactions of Zn and Ge atoms in addition to the conversion reaction) in comparison to other ordinary transition
metal oxides (TMOs).1-2 In this work, carbon-free, porous and micro/nanostructural Zn2GeO4 nanofibers (pZGONFs) have been prepared via a dissolution-recrystallization-assisted electrospinning technology. The
successful electrospinning to fabricate the uniform p-ZGONFs mainly benefits from the preparation of
completely dissolved solution, which avoids the sedimentation of common Ge-containing solid-state
precursors. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that the as-prepared p-ZGONFs exhibit superior Li-storage
properties in terms of high initial reversible capacity of 1075.6 mA h g-1, outstanding cycling stability (no
capacity decay after 130 cycles at 0.2 A g-1) and excellent high-rate capabilities (e.g., still delivering a
capacity of 384.7 mA h g-1 at a very high current density of 10 A g-1) when used as anode materials for LIBs.
All these Li-storage properties are much better than those of Zn2GeO4 nanorods prepared by a hydrothermal
process. The much enhanced Li-storage properties should be attributed to its distinctive structural
characteristics including the carbon-free composition, plentiful pores and macro/nanostructures. Carbon-free
composition promises its high theoretical Li-storage capacity, plentiful pores can not only accommodate the
volumetric variations during the successive lithiation/delithiation but also serve as the electrolyte reservoirs to
facilitate Li interaction with electrode materials.
Scheme. Schematic illustration for the preparation processes of p-ZGONFs.
References
1. Feng, J. K.; Lai, M. O.; Lu, L. Electrochem. Commun. 2011, 13, 287-289.
2. Li, H.-H.; Zhang, L.-L.; Fan, C.-Y.; Wu, X.-L.; Wang, H.-F.; Li, X.-Y.; Wang, K.; Sun, H.-Z.; Zhang, J.-P.
J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 2055-2059.
*
Corresponding Author: Jing-Ping Zhang;
Email: [email protected];
Fax: 86-431-85099668.
78
5.2.4
Functional polymer electrolytes for flexible energy storage devices
Chunyi Zhi*
Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong
*E-mail: [email protected]
Wearable electronic textiles that store capacitive energy are a next frontier in personalized
electronics [1-6]. However, the lack of industrially weavable and knittable conductive yarns in
conjunction with high capacitance, limits the wide-scale application of such textiles. Here pristine
soft conductive yarns are continuously produced by a scalable method with the use of twist-bundledrawing technique, and are mechanically robust enough to be knitted to a cloth by a commercial
cloth knitting machine. Subsequently, we demonstrate a combination of textile industry available
conductive yarn and conducting polymers can form a great basement for wearable energy storage
devices. For example, a combination of metal oxide and conductive polymer can great enhanced
tolerance of stretch-induced performance degradation of stretchable supercapacitors [2-3]. In case of
self-healable PU sheel applied, a yarn supercapacitor can be self-healable [5]. In addition, we
demonstrate a new electrolyte comprising polyacrylic acid dual cross-linked by hydrogen bonding
and vinyl hybrid silica nanoparticles (VSNPs-PAA) that addresses all the superior functions and
provide an ultimate solution to the intrinsic self-healability and high stretchability of a supercapacitor.
Supercapacitors with VSNPs-PAA as the electrolyte are self-healed, achieving an excellent healing
efficiency of ~100% even after 20 cycles of breaking/healing. By a designed facile electrode
fabrication procedure, they are stretched up to 600% strain with performance enhanced. Our research
represents a solid progress in portable and wearable multifunctional devices with extreme selfhealability and stretchability [1].
References
(1) Y. Huang, M. Zhong, C. Y. Zhi et al., "A self-healable and highly stretchable supercapacitor
based on a dual crosslinked polyelectrolyte”，Nature Communications, vol. 6, 10310, 2015.
(2) Y. Huang, H. Hu, M. Zhu, C. Y. Zhi et al., "From Industrially Weavable and Knittable Highly
Conductive Yarns to Large Wearable Energy Storage Textiles,"ACS Nano, vol. 9, pp. 4766-4775.
(3) Y. Huang, J. Y. Tao, W. J. Meng, M. S. Zhu, Y. Huang, Y. Q. Fu, Y. H. Gao, and C. Y. Zhi, "Superhigh rate stretchable polypyrrole-based supercapacitors with excellent cycling stability," Nano
Energy, vol. 11, pp. 518-525, 2015.
(4) M. S. Zhu, W. J. Meng, Y. Huang, Y. Huang, and C. Y. Zhi, "Proton-Insertion-Enhanced
Pseudocapacitance Based on the Assembly Structure of Tungsten Oxide," Acs Applied Materials
& Interfaces, vol. 6, pp. 18901-18910, 2014.
(5) Y. Huang, Y. Huang, M. Zhu, W. Meng, Z. Pei, C. Liu, H. Hu, C. Y. Zhi,"A Magnetic-Assisted
Self-Healable Yarn-Based Supercapacitor," ACS Nano vol. 9, pp. 6242-6251, 2015.
(6) W. J. Meng, W. Chen, L. Zhao, Y. Huang, M. S. Zhu, Y. Huang, Y. Q. Fu, F. X. Geng, J. Yu, X. F.
Chen, and C. Y. Zhi, "Porous Fe3O4/carbon composite electrode material prepared from metalorganic framework template and effect of temperature on its capacitance," Nano Energy, vol. 8, pp.
133-140, 2014.
79
5.3.1
Functional porous nanomaterials enabled by convenient electrochemical methods
for energy applications
Haidong Bian, Xufen Xiao, Aiwu Wang, Shanshan Zeng, Yawen Zhan, Yang Yang Li #,*
Center Of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), Department of Physics and Materials Science,
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Keywords: anodization; etching; porous materials; oxygen reduction reaction catalysts; batteries
Economical bottom-up approaches are presented to achieve structural precision, good scalability and
novel properties of nanomaterials for energy applications such as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts and
battery electrodes. For example, a facile anodization method is developed for fabricating a novel type of
hierarchical mesoporous SnO2 nanostructures that feature highly porous nanosheets with mesoporous pores
well below 10 nm and a remarkably high surface area of 203 m2/g which represents one of the highest values
reported to date on SnO2 nanostructures. The formation of this novel type of SnO2 nanostructures is ascribed
to an interesting self-assembly mechanism of the anodic tin oxalate. The electrochemical measurements of the
mesoporous SnO2 nanostructures indicate their promising applications as battery and supercapacitor electrode
materials.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author: [email protected]
*
80
5.3.2
Robust design of Ru quantum dot/N-doped holey graphene
for electrochemical energy storage devices
Masoud Nazarian-Samani1,2, Safa Haghighat-Shishavan2, Myeong-Seong Kim2, Suk-Woo Lee2,
Seyed Farshid Kashani-Bozorg1, and Kwang-Bum Kim2 * #
E-mail: [email protected]
1
School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran,
Tehran 11155-4563, IR Iran.
2
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Sinchon-dong,
Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
Keywords: N-doped holey graphene, Ru quantum dot, dicyandiamide, energy storage devices
Herein, we report a simple, versatile, defect-engineered method to fabricate Ru quantum dots
(Ru QDs) uniformly anchored on nitrogen-doped holey graphene (NHG) monolith.1 It uses in-situ
pyrolysis of mixed glucose, dicyandiamide (DCDA), and RuCl3, followed by an acid treatment, and
a final heat treatment to introduce in-plane holes of various sizes. Differently from the various
conventional bottom-up (e.g. chemical vapor deposition) and top-down (e.g., chemical reduction of
graphene oxide and liquid exfoliation of pristine graphite) synthesis strategies of graphene, we used
another simple yet versatile single-step method to produce a highly conductive freestanding N-doped
graphene (NG) monolith with Ru QDs grown through the plane of graphene. Specifically, the
material was fabricated by calcinating glucose, an abundant and sustainable compound, and RuCl3
salt. It can produce graphene on the gram scale to meet the high demand for production. This method
overcomes several other disadvantages of conventional processes, such as low yield, corrosive
precursors, complex instruments, toxic reductants, and low tendency for dispersion.2 A novel
transmission method in scanning electron microscopy was successfully implemented to directly
visualize the holes with color contrast. A low accelerating voltage of 5 kV enabled prolonged
observation without significant electron beam damage. The mechanisms of hole creation were
examined in detail using various characterization techniques as well as control experiments. The Ru
QDs had significant catalytic activity and resulted in larger in-plane holes through the graphene
sheets. The mechanical strain and the chemical reactivity of Ru QDs significantly diminished the
activation energy barrier for the oxidation of C=C bonds in the graphene structure.
At the meeting, detailed synthesis of Ru quantum dot/N-doped holey graphene and its application as
electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices will be discussed.
References
1. Kwang Kim et al. , J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016 Accepted for publication
2. Kwang Kim et al. , Energy Environ. Sci., 2016, 9, 1270-1281
81
5.3.3
Nanowire Devices for Electrochemical Energy Storage
Liqiang Mai*, Yunlong Zhao#, Chaojiang Niu#
Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
Keywords: One-dimensional nanomaterials, electrochemical device, micropseudocapacitors
One-dimensional nanomaterials can offer large surface area, facile strain relaxation upon cycling and
efficient electron transport pathway to achieve high electrochemical performance. Hence, nanowires have
attracted increasing interest in energy related fields. We designed the single nanowire electrochemical device
for in situ probing the direct relationship between electrical transport, structure, and electrochemical properties
of the single nanowire electrode to understand intrinsic reason of capacity fading. The results show that during
the electrochemical reaction, conductivity of the nanowire electrode decreased, which limits the cycle life of
the devices.1 Then, the prelithiation and Langmuir-Blodgett technique have been used to improve cycling
properties of nanowire electrode. Recently, we have fabricated hierarchical MnMoO4/CoMoO4
heterostructured nanowires by combining "oriented attachment" and "self-assembly".2 The asymmetric
supercapacitors based on the hierarchical heterostructured nanowires show a high specific capacitance and
good reversibility with a cycling efficiency of 98% after 1,000 cycles. Furthermore, we fabricated Li-air
battery based on hierarchical mesoporous LSCO nanowires and nonaqueous electrolytes, which exhibits
ultrahigh capacity over 11000 mAh g-1.3 We also designed the general synthesis of complex nanotubes by
gradient electrospinning, including Li3V2(PO4)3, Na0.7Fe0.7Mn0.3O2 and Co3O4 mesoporous nanotubes, which
exhibit ultrastable electrochemical performance when used in lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries and
supercapacitors, respectively.4 In addition, we fabricated all-solid-state 3D on-chip micropseudocapacitors
with ultrahigh energy and power densities.5 Our work presented here can inspire new thought in constructing
novel one-dimensional structures and accelerate the development of energy storage applications.
Reference
[1] L. Q. Mai, Y. J. Dong, L. Xu, C. H. Han. Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 4273;
[2] L. Q. Mai, F. Yang, Y. L. Zhao, X. Xu, L. Xu, Y. Z. Lou. Nature Commun. 2011, 2, 381;
[3] Y. L. Zhao, L. Xu, L. Q. Mai, C. H. Han, Q. Y. An, X. Xu, X. Liu, Q. J. Zhang. PNAS. 2012, 109, 19569;
[4] C. J. Niu, J. S. Meng, X. P. Wang, C. H. Han, M. Y. Yan, K. N. Zhao, X. M. Xu, W. H. Ren, Y. L. Zhao,
L. Xu, Q. J. Zhang, D. Y. Zhao, L. Q. Mai. Nature Commun. 2015, 6, 7402;
[5] X. C. Tian, M. Z. Shi, X. Xu, M. Y. Yan, L. Xu, A. Minhas-Khan, C. H. Han, L. He, L. Q. Mai. Adv.
Mater. 2015, 27, 7476.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
82
6.1.1
Effects of Spin States in Perovskite Solar Cells and Light-emitting Devices
Bin Hu
Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Huazhong University of Science and technology, Wu Han 430074, China
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
Keywords: Spin states, organic/inorganic hybrid perovskites, perovskite solar cells, perovskite light-emitting
diodes, Rashba effect
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are formed with three non-degenerate spin states J=3/2, J=1/2, and
S=1/2 in the unite structure under the influence of spin-orbital coupling. Theoretically, different spin states
possess very distinct charge recombination, dissociation, and transport rates, and consequently leading to
different photovoltaic and light-emitting actions. Furthermore, different spin states are constructed with
different wavefuntion arrangements, which give rise to largely different electrical and spin polarizations.
Therefore, controlling spin states provide important opportunities to further advance perovskite solar cells and
light-emitting devices.
Recently, we found that optically operating spin states can increase both photocurrent and photovoltage in
perovskite solar cells. This experimental result presents the first-hand evidence that spin states can influence
the photovoltaic actions in perovskite solar cells. Fundamentally, we can see that the effects of spin states on
photovoltaic actions are essentially controlled by the spin relaxation time, charge dissociation time, and
charge extraction time. Our analysis indicates that spin relaxation can affect the dissociation and charge
transport during the generation of photovoltaic actions, leading to the effects of spin states on photocurrent
and photovoltage in both Sn-based and Pb-based perovskite solar cells. On the other hand, we observed that
perovskite light-emitting devices can demonstrate low and high electroluminescence efficiencies when spin
mixing between different spin states becomes in-operative and operative, respectively, at low and high
injection currents. We found that the in-operative and operative spin mixing essentially result from
monomolecular and bimolecular recombination to generate low and high electroluminescence efficiencies.
Our studies show that spin mixing between different spin states can provide a unique method to control the
electroluminescence efficiencies in perovskite light-emitting devices. This presentation will discuss the effects
of spin states on photovoltaic and electroluminescence actions in perovskite solar cells and light-emitting
devices.
83
6.1.2
High-efficiency Nondoped Deep Blue Light-emitting Materials Based on
Bisphenanthroimidazole Derivatives
Qing-Xiao Tong1*, Chun-Sing Lee2, Wen-Cheng Chen2
1
Departmen t of Chemistry, Shantou University, Guangdong, 515063, P. R. China, 2Center of Super-Diamond
and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
Keywords: Phenanthroimidazole, Non-doped, Deep Blue, Organic Light-emitting Materials.
Blue organic light-emitting materials have attracted much attention because of their significant
applications in flat-panel displays and solid-state lighting. Especially in full-color displays, the blue emitter
can not only effectively reduce the power consumption of the devices but also be utilized to generate emission
of other colors by energy transfer to a suitable emissive dopant. However, high-performance blue emitters are
still relatively rare.
The intense interest in phenanthroimidazole (PI)-based blue-emitting materials stems from their attractive
potential bipolar properties and excellent fluorescence efficiency. Molecular design of PI emitters and
comprehensive studies of their photophysical properties and chemical structures are of great significance for
developing high performance deep-blue emitters.
We designed, synthesized several serials bisphenanthroimidazole derivatives and investigated their
applications in nondoped deep blue light-emitting devices. Their devices efficiencies are the best or among the
best comparing to those of the reported nondoped OLEDs with the corresponding color gamuts.
Reference
1. Wen-Cheng Chen, Qing-Xiao Tong,* Chun-Sing Lee,* Sci. Adv. Mater., 2015, 7, 2193-2205.
2. Wen-Cheng Chen, Chun-Sing Lee*, Qing-Xiao Tong,* J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3, 10957-10963.
3. Miao Chen, Qing-Xiao Tong,* Chun-Sing Lee*, et. al, Adv. Opt. Mater., 2015, 3, 1215-1219.
4. Ze-Lin Zhu, Qing-Xiao Tong,* Chun-Sing Lee*, et. al, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2016, 4, 6249-6255.
5. Wen-Cheng Chen, Qing-Xiao Tong,* Chun-Sing Lee*, et. al, Adv. Opt. Mater., 2014, 2, 626-631.
*
Qing-Xiao Tong
84
6.1.3
Highly efficient blue-green-emitting diodes with cationic iridium(III) complexes
Dongxin Ma, Yong Qiu, Lian Duan*
Email: [email protected]; Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry
of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
Keywords: cationic iridium complexes, negative counter-ions, organic light-emitting diodes, solution process
Cationic iridium(III) complexes with highly efficient luminescence of virtually all colors have emerged
as phosphorescent emitters, which contain emissive coordinated iridium(III) cations and nonluminous
negative counter-ions, for example, conventional small inorganic anions such as tetrafluoroborate ([BF4]-) and
hexafluorophosphate ([PF6]-), or some bulky organic anions like tetraphenylborate derivatives. However, the
charged nature and migration of these negative counter-ions always complicate the operation of devices,
severely restricting the applications of cationic iridium(III) complexes in organic light-emitting diodes
(OLEDs).
Here we report a series of cationic iridium(III) complexes 1-4 with the same blue-green-emitting
coordinated iridium(III) cation [Ir(ppy)2(pzpy)]+ (ppy is 2-phenylpyridine, pzpy is 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)
pyridine in Figure 1a) but four different-sized negative counter-ions [BF4]-, [PF6]-,
tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate ([B(5fph)4]-) and tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate ([BArF24]-),
respectively. Their photophysical properties, electrochemical behaviors and thermal stability have been fully
investigated, and the single-layer OLEDs are fabricated by solution process. By optimizing the doping
concentrations of these cationic iridium(III) complexes thus controlling their anionic migration, we succeed in
the preparation of efficient blue-green OLEDs, achieving the highest current efficiency of 17.1 cd A-1, an
external quantum efficiency of 6.8 %, a maximum luminance of 14.2×103 cd m-2 and color coordinates of
(0.21, 0.48) (see Figure 1b-c).
To our knowledge, these values are among the best reported OLEDs based on ionic transition metal
complexes as phosphorescent emitters in the blue-green region, indicating high promise of cationic iridium(III)
complexes in flat panel displays and solid state lightings.
Figure 1. (a) Chemical structures and the energy-level diagram of materials used in solution-processed
OLEDs. (b-c) Current density and luminance versus voltage characteristics of single-layer devices based on
different doping concentrations of complex 1.
References:
1. Dongxin Ma, Taiju Tsuboi, Yong Qiu, Lian Duan. Adv. Mater. doi:10.1002/adma.201603253.
2. Dongxin Ma, Chen Zhang, Yong Qiu, Lian Duan. J. Mater. Chem. C, 2016, 4, 5731.
85
6.2.1
Conjugated Polymers as promising electrode materials for Li-ion Batteries
Qichun Zhang1,2
1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
639672
2
Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore 637371
Email: [email protected]
Key Words: Large azaacenes, synthesis, Characterization, fabrication, Li-ion batteries
Electrode materials play a critical role in approaching high energy density and long cycle life lithium-ion batteries
(LIBs). The increasing concern about the traditional inorganic electrode materials on resources and environmental
issues has strongly inspired scientists to switch on searching green energy electrodes. Organic compounds are
potentially sustainable and renewable materials as many of them can be obtained from natural products and
biomass. Additionally, the properties of organic compounds can be tuned through the modification of the structures
as well as the introduction of functional groups. In this talk, I will present our recent progress on the preparation of
novel conjugated polymers and their application in Li-ion batteries.
[1] J. Xie and Q. Zhang*, J. Mater. Chem. A. 2016, DOI: 10.1039/C6TA01069E.
[2] P.-Y. Gu, Y. Zhao, J. Xie, N. Binte Ali, L. Nie, Z. J. Xu,* Q. Zhang* ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2016, 8:74647470.
[3] J. Wu, X. Rui, C. Wang, W.-B. Pei, R. Lau, Q. Yan*, Q. Zhang* Adv. Energy Mater., 2015, 5:1402189
[4] J. Wu, X. Rui, G. Long, W. Chen, Q. Yan*, Q. Zhang*, Angew. Chem Int. Ed. 2015, 54: 7354-7358
86
6.2.2
Sub-2nm Thick Fluoroalkylsilane Self-Assembled Monolayer-Coated High
Voltage Spinel Crystals as Promising Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion
Batteries
Nobuyuki Zettsua, b and Katsuya Teshima*a, b
a
Center for Energy and Environmental Science Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 3808553, Japan
b
Department of Materials Chemistry, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553,
Japan
* corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
High-voltage spinel (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) is considered one of the most promising cathode materials
for use in Li-ion batteries for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
(PHEVs) due to its high voltage plateau, at around 4.7 V. This results in its energy density (650
Wh·kg-1) being over 20% higher than those of conventional LiCoO2-, LiMn2O4-, and LiFePO4-based
materials. However, the working potential of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 approaches the thermodynamic stability
limit of carbonate-based electrolytes; hence, a systematic research approach is needed to enhance the
compatibility of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 with electrolytes to improve the cycle life and safety characteristics.
The main contribution of our paper is an examination of the benefits of the use of a sub-2nm
thick fluoroalkyl-based self-assembled monolayer as a cathode-protecting layer in 5 V-class lithium
ion batteries. As shown in Figure, it was revealed that a bare LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4- cathode had substantial
capacity fade that dropped to 79% of the original capacity after 100 cycles at a rate of 1 C, which
was entirely due to dissolution of Mn3+ from the spinel lattice via oxidative decomposition of the
organic electrolyte. The capacity retention was maximally improved to 97% by coating of an ultrathin FAS-SAM on the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4- cathode surface. Such surface protection with highly ordered
fluoroalkyl chains insulated the direct contact with an organic electrolyte and led to increased
tolerance to HF.
Vapor-phase processing of FAS-SAM at atmospheric pressure allowed a dense and homogenous
coating of the protecting layer on the
LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode surface compared
to
conventional powder or thin film coating
under
vacuum. It should be noted that the
thickness fraction of the FAS-SAM was
less
than 0.1% (1.34 nm) compared to the
mean
diameter of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4- crystal
(1.01
m); therefore the FAS-SAM coating did
not
lose C rate capability due to increased
charge transfer resistance. We believe
that
this contribution is theoretically and Figure. practically relevant because of the Cyclability of the FAS-SAM-coated LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4substantial improvements that such a cathode-based half-cells fabricated with different SAM
simple modification makes to the device coating times, collected at a rate of 1 C between 3.5 and
properties, including reduction in 4.8 V.
capacity fade and enhancement of C rate
capability.[1]
[1] N. Zettsu et al., Sci. Rep., 6, 31999 (2016)
87
6.2.3
Charge-driven Synthesis of Straw-sheaf-like Cobalt Oxides with Excellent
Cyclability and Rate Capability for Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries
Xiao-Ying Lu 1*#, Bin Wang 2, Wai Kuen Au1 and Hongfan Guo3
Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong,
Hong Kong, P.R. China. Email: [email protected] Fax: +852-21761554; Tel: +852-21761453.
2
Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
3
College of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, P.R. China.
1
Keywords: Cobalt oxide, Anode, Lithium-ion batteries, Charge-driven self-assembly and Cycling stability
Transition metal oxides have been considered as promising high-capacity electrode materials for lithiumion batteries [1-2]. The architectures of electrode materials have significant effects on electrochemical
performances in charge-discharge cycles for reversible lithium storage [3-4]. In this study, hierarchical strawsheaf-like cobalt oxides composed of numerous strongly tied nanoneedles has been successfully synthesized
by a novel charge-driven self-assembly strategy with subsequent heat treatment. Zeta-potential measurement
suggests that the positively charge polymers play important roles in the preferential crystal growth of cobaltbased materials for cobalt oxide anode materials. Impressively, owing to the unique physical characteristics,
high specific capacity, superior cyclability and excellent rate capability of straw-sheaf-like cobalt oxides are
demonstrated for electrochemical lithium storage by repeated charge-discharge cycles at high current densities.
Electrochemical results indicate that reversible capacities as high as 842.9 and 723.4 mAh g-1 over 300 cycles
are achieved with good cycling stability at current densities of 500 and 2000 mA g-1, respectively. In addition,
a reversible capacity of 707 mAh g-1 can be still achieved even when evaluated at a high current density of
3000 mA g-1. Overall, the proposed synthesis strategy will be crucial to develop high-performance energy
storage materials with novel hierarchical architectures for next generation lithium-ion batteries.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
References
1. P. Poizot, S. Laruelle, S. Grugeon, L. Dupont and J. M. Tarascon, Nature, 2000, 407, 496-499
2. X. W. Lou, D. Deng, J. Y. Lee, J. Feng and L. A. Archer, Adv. Mater., 2008, 20, 258-262.
3. B. Wang, Y. Tang, X.-Y. Lu, S. L. Fung, K. Y. Wong, W. K. Au and P. Wu, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.,
2016, 18, 4911-4923.
4. B. Wang, X.-Y. Lu and Y. Tang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 9689-9699.
88
6.3.1
Epitaxial CaTi5O11 and TiO2-B Thin Films for High Rate Lithium-Ion Batteries
Xiaoqing Pan
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy,
University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
The bronze polymorph of titanium dioxide (TiO2-B) is interesting for many applications
including high rate energy storage, solar cells, photocatalysis, thermoelectrics and sensing, owing to
its uniquely layered structure and highly asymmetric unit cell. Although known to have advantages
over anatase or rutile, high quality bronze phase TiO2-B specimens that demonstrate good
electrochemical properties thus far have exclusively been nano-structured powders prepared by
hydrothermal methods. We have recently discovered that Ca can stabilize the bronze structure,
forming a variant phase CaTi5O11, which has then been successfully synthesized in epitaxial singlecrystalline thin films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), a completely waterless process. Due to the
near-perfect lattice match, the CaTi5O11 film can be used as a template layer to grow high quality,
water-free TiO2-B films on top, which facilitates the synthesis and application of both materials on a
wide variety of substrates, including SrTiO3, Nb:SrTiO3, LaAlO3, LSAT and SrTiO3 buffered Si.
Lithium ion transport in the bronze structure is highly anisotropic. By utilizing substrates
with a different orientation to align the more open channels with out-of-plane directions, extremely
high rates of lithium ion transport, up to 600C (1C=335 mA g-1), with extraordinary structural
stability has been achieved. In a battery half-cell using metallic lithium as counter electrode, the
orientation-engineered CaTi5O11 film discharged to 155 mA h g-1 at a rate of 60C, corresponding to a
time of 60 s to fully discharge the capacity, at the 100th cycle, delivering specific power of ~20 kW
kg-1. Post-mortem examinations by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy
(TEM) confirmed that both the TiO2-B and CaTi5O11 structures were essentially unchanged after
aggressively cycling for more than 60 days. The film microstructure and interfacial atomic structure
were characterized by atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy. In addition, we have
employed novel in situ TEM to study the Li-intercalation of the films. Revealed by TEM of
electrochemical lithiation in TiO2-B, many defects were induced by strain relaxation upon Liinduced TiO2-B lattice expansion. Depending on Li intercalation direction in the crystal structure,
either high-symmetry structural transformation or plain shears was generated. These results provide
the basic knowledge needed to realize and utilize TiO2-B single crystals, while also supporting
theoretical studies with determinate experimental data.
89
6.3.2
Enhancing the anode performance of antimony through nitrogen-doped carbon
and carbon nanotubes
Xia Liu, Zhihui Dai*
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu key Laboratory of
Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing,
210023, P. R. China.
Keywords: sodium-ion batteries; anode performance; antimony; nitrogen-doped carbon; nitrogen-doped
carbon nanotubes
*
Corresponding Author: E-mail: [email protected], Fax: +86-25-85891051; Tel: +86-25-85891051
Antimony is a promising high-capacity anode material in sodium-ion batteries, but it generally shows poor
cycling stability because of its large volume changes during sodium ion insertion and extraction processes. To
alleviate or even overcome this problem, we develop a hybrid carbon encapsulation strategy to improve the
anode performance of antimony through the combination of antimony/nitrogen-doped carbon (Sb/N-carbon)
hybrid nanostructures and the carbon nanotube (CNT) network. When evaluated as an anode material for
sodium-ion batteries, the as-synthesized Sb/N-carbon + CNT composite exhibits superior cycling stability and
rate performance in comparison with Sb/N-carbon or Sb/CNT composite. A high charge capacity of 543 mA h
g− 1 with initial charge capacity retention of 87.7% is achieved after 200 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g
− 1
. Even under 10 A g− 1, a reversible capacity of 258 mA h g− 1 can be retained. The excellent sodium storage
properties can be attributed to the formation of Sb− N bonding between the antimony nanoparticle and the
nitrogen-doped carbon shell in addition to the electronically conductive and flexible CNT network. The hybrid
carbon encapsulation strategy is simple yet very effective, and it also provides new avenues for designing
advanced anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
Scheme 1 Schematic illustration of the synthesis procedure for the Sb/N-carbon + CNT composite.
Reference
1. Palomares, V.; Serras, P.; Villaluenga, I.; Hueso, K. B.; Carretero-Gonzá lez, J.; Rojo, T. Na-Ion
Batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5884− 5901.
2. Pan, H.; Hu, Y.-S.; Chen, L. Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 2338− 2360.
3. Kim, S. W.; Seo, D. H.; Ma, X.; Ceder, G.; Kang, K. Adv. Energy Mater. 2012, 2, 710− 721.
90
6.3.3
Composition and Interface Engineering of MoS2xSe2-2x Nanosheets for Superior
Electrochemical Performance
Jun Xu*
School of Electronic Science & Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
Keywords: MoX2, composition tuning, interlayer expansion, hydrogen evolution reaction, sodium storage
performance
Transition-metal dichalcogenides (MX2) with 2D covalently-bonded monolayers has wide potential
applications in electrochemical energy storage and conversion owing to the 2D morphology, ultra-thin
thickness, distinctive phase-engineering nature and composition-dependent properties. 1T-2H phase
engineering, interlayer expansion, and chalcogen composition tuning of layered MoX2 nanosheets are key
factors in optimizing their physical properties and electrochemical performance. In this talk, we report
controllable synthesis of MoS2xSe2-2x nanosheets with expanded (002) interlayer spacing, tunable S/Se ratios
and convertible 1T-2H phases. Influences of phase engineering, interlayer expansion and stoichiometry
variation on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance and sodium storage performance are
investigated. (1) Assembled 1T-MoSe2 nanosheets possessing expanded (002) interlayer spacings as large as
1.17 nm with an 81% expansion is reported for the first time. The 1T-MoSe2 nanosheets exhibit striking
kinetic metrics for HER performance with a low onset potential of 58 mV and a small Tafel slope of 78 mV
dec−1.[1] (2) Hierarchical MoS2:C nanotubes assembled from 2D superstructure sheets consisting of alternative
monolayers of MoS2 and carbon are prepared and demonstrated as a robust anode material for sodium ion
batteries (SIBs) exhibiting superior rate and cycling performance. The MoS2:C superstructure nanotubes
benefit for improving the electrical conductivity of MoS2 and providing expanded (002) interlayer spacing of
0.986 nm that facilitates fast Na+ insertion/extraction reaction kinetics.[2,3] (3) MoS2xSe2-2x nanotubes featuring
controllable chalcogen compositions (0.06  x  1) and tunable (002) interlayer spacings are synthesized for
optimized HER activities. The improved electrocatalytic performance of MoS2xSe2-2x (x=0.54) nanotubes is
attributed to the chalcogen composition tuning and the interlayer distance expansion to achieve a benefitting
hydrogen adsorption energy.[4]
References
[1] M. Jiang, J. Zhang, M. Wu, W. Jian, H. Xue, T.-W. Ng, C.-S. Lee, J. Xu, J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4,
14949–14953.
[2] Z.-T. Shi, W. Kang, J. Xu, Y.-W. Sun, M. Jiang, T.-W. Ng, H.-T. Xue, D. Y.W. Yu, W. Zhang, C.-S. Lee,
Nano Energy 2016, 22, 27−37.
[3] Z.-T. Shi, W. Kang, J. Xu, L.-L. Sun, C. Wu, L. Wang, Y.-Q. Yu, D. Y. W. Yu, W. Zhang, C.-S. Lee,
Small 2015, 11, 5667−5674.
[4] J. Zhang, M.-H. Wu, Z.-T. Shi, M. Jiang, W.-J. Jian, Z. Xiao, J. Li, C.-S. Lee, J. Xu, Small 2016, 12,
4379−4385.
91
7.1.1
Non-fullerene acceptor-based polymer solar cells with high open-circuit voltage
Hongzheng Chen
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
Keywords: Non-fullerene, electron acceptor, polymer solar cells, open-circuit voltage.
Though fullerene derivatives are being widely used as electron acceptors in polymer solar cells, their
obvious drawbacks of limited chemical and energetic tunability, poor light-absorption, high-cost purification,
and morphology instability have become the bottlenecks to further advancement of polymer solar cells.
Therefore, the exploration of non-fullerene electron acceptors is motivated in recent years. With employing
the efficient and expensive donors, many of the reported works focused solely on improving the performance
of non-fullerene based polymer solar cells. The development of low-cost and practical non-fullerene bulk
heterojunction (BHJ), especially those with low cost poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), gives generally the
power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) less than 5%. In this presentation, I will propose a new design strategy
to access novel non-fullerene acceptor with diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) chromophore that simultaneously
addresses all of the above mentioned drawbacks in fullerene materials. The P3HT based solar cells using this
new acceptor not only exhibit the PCE of 5.16% with an extremely high open-circuit voltage of 1.14 V, one of
the highest values among the reported works using P3HT based fullerene-free BHJ, but also show superior
thermal stabilities. Small molecule non-fullerene based tandem polymer solar cells are also demonstrated for
the first time. A PCE of 8.48% is achieved with an ultra-high Voc of 1.97 V, which is the highest voltage
value reported to date among the efficient tandem polymer solar cells.
References
1. S. Li, W. Liu, M. Shi, J. Mai, T.-K. Lau, J. Wan, X. Lu, C.-Z. Li, and H. Chen, Energy & Environmental
Science, 9(2016), 604.
2. S. Li, J. Yan, C.-Z. Li, F. Liu, M. Shi, H. Chen and T. P. Russell, J. Mater. Chem. A, 4(2016), 3777.
3. L. Zuo, C.-Y. Chang, C.-C. Chueh, S. Zhang, H. Li, A. K.-Y. Jen, and H. Chen, Energy & Environmental
Science, 8(2015), 1712
4. W. Liu, S. Li, J. Huang, S. Yang, J. Chen, L. Zuo, M. Shi, X. Zhan, C.-Z Li, H. Chen, Adv. Mater., 2016 92
7.1.2
Ternary blends for large area flexible organic solar cells
Yajie Zhang, Jianqi Zhang, Kun Lu, Zhixiang Wei# ,*
National center for nanoscience and technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Keywords: Organic solar cells, Ternary, Large area, Printing
Significant progress has been achieved recently in the production of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells
(OSCs) based on binary active layer composed of donor–acceptor (D-A)-type polymers or small molecules as
donors and fullerene derivatives (e.g. PCBM) as acceptor.[1, 2] Compared with binary OSCs, ternary systems
containing two donors and one acceptor (or one donor and two acceptors) can broaden the absorption range of
active layers through complementary absorption of two donors, thereby providing a potentially effective route
in achieving high Jsc and thus high efficiency. In this presentation, a ternary OSC is designed and fabricated,
which contains a D–A-type polymer and a high-crystaline small molecule as donors and fullerene derivatives
as acceptor. The small molecules increase the crystallinity of the donor phase, whereas the ratios of small
molecules to polymers can tune the domain size of the ternary system. The PCE of the ternary OSCs is higher
than that of binary systems based on small molecules or polymers [3]. By a further optimization of the ternary
system, a PCE of 11% was obtained, which is among the highest values for OSCs.[4,5] A large area device
with efficiency higher than 7% is demonstrated recently, which will lead to a potential application of the
organic solar cells.
[1] Y.J. Zhang, D. Deng, K. Lu, J.Q. Zhang, B.Z. Xia, Y.F. Zhao, J. Fang, Z.X. Wei, Adv. Mater. 2015, 27,
1071.
[2] D. Deng, Y. J. Zhang, L. Yuan, C. He, K. Lu, Z. X. Wei, Adv. Energy Mater. 2014, 4, 1400538.
[3] Y. J. Zhang, D. Deng, K. Lu, J.Q. Zhang, B.Z. Xia, Y. F. Zhao, J. Fang, Z. X. Wei, Adv. Mater. 2015, 27,
1071.
[4] J. Q. Zhang, Y. J. Zhang, J. Fang, K. Lu, Z. Y. Wang, W. Ma, and Z. X. Wei, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015,
137, 8176.
[5] D. Deng, Y. J. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, Z. Y. Wang, L. Y. Zhu, J. Fang, B. Z. Xia, Z. Wang, K. Lu, W. Ma, Z.
X. Wei, Nat. Cummun, 2016, 7, 13740
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
93
7.1.3
Photoconductive Cathode Interlayers for High Performance Organic Solar Cells
Zengqi Xie*
Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou
510640, P. R. China. E-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: Photoconductivity, interlayer, perylene bisimide, zinc oxide, organic solar cells.
Perylene bisimides (PBIs) were applied to modify ITO electrode and the work function of the electrode
was decreased obviously, and thus it is suitable to be used as the cathode interlayer in the inverted polymer
solar cells. A cross-linked thin film of PBI monomers was created on ITO electrode, which is insoluble in
common organic solvents facilitating the solution procession of the bulk heterojunction active layer. The
modified ITO was used as cathode in inverted polymer solar cells (i-PSCs) and enhanced device performance
was obtained.1 Then, self-assembled PBI fibers was applied to modify the surface of ITO and Zinc oxide
(ZnO) as cathode interlayers affording power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 9.17% and 9.43%
respectively (PTB7:PC71BM as the active layers).2,3 Further, cathode interlayer based on cross-linked thin film
on AZO afford a PCE of 10.35% (PTB7-Th:PC71BM as the active layer).4
Based on the interaction between PBI and ZnO, a highly photoconductive cathode interlayer was
developed by doping 1wt% light absorber, i.e. PBI-H, into ZnO thin film, which absorbs a very small amount
of light but shows highly increased conductivity of 2.0×10-3 S/m under sunlight. The photovoltaic devices
based on this kind of photoactive cathode interlayer exhibit significantly improved device performance, which
is rather insensitive to the thickness of the cathode interlayer over a broad range. A PCE as high as 10.5% was
obtained by incorporation of the photoconductive cathode interlayer with the PTB7-Th: PC71BM active layer.5
Due to the advantage of highly electron extraction efficiency, the photoconductive cathode interlayer was
successfully applied in ternary photovoltaic devices and a PCE over 11% was achieved in our lab (certified
PCE 10.38%).6 The working mechanism of photoconductive cathode interlayer was deeply discussed in an
aqueous processed system, including increased electron mobility and reduced work function under light
irradiation. With these benefits, a PCE over 10% was achieved even the thickness of the interlayer was up to
100 nm and the thickness of the active layer was up to 300 nm.7,8
Finally, in a cross-linked film of PBI with electron withdrawing units, the stable PBI radical anions (PBI•-)
were achieved by electrochemical reduction reaction. The device based on the anion state interlayer showed
dramatically enhanced performance compared with the device based on the neutral state PBI interlayer. The
results help us to understand the physics of PBI as the cathode interlayer in device.9
References
(1) Feng, T.; Xiao, B.; Lv, Y.; Xie, Z. Q.; Wu, H. B.; Ma, Y. G. Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 6283-6285.
(2) Xie, Z. Q.; Xiao, B.; He, Z. C.; Zhang, W. Q.; Wu, X. Y.; Wu, H. B.; Würthner, F.; Wang, C.; Xie, F. Y.;
Liu, L. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Wong, W.-Y.; Cao, Y. Mater. Horz. 2015, 2, 514-518.
(3) Nian, L.; Zhang, W.Q.; Wu, S.P.; Qin, L.Q.; Liu, L.L.; Xie, Z.Q.; Wu, H.B.; Ma, Y.G. ACS Appl. Mater.
Interfaces, 2015, 7, 25821-25827.
(4) Wang, R.; Nian, L.; Yao, L.; Xie, Z. Q.; Liu, L. L.; Ma, Y.G. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8,
26463−26469.
(5) Nian, L.; Zhang, W.Q.; Zhu, N.; Liu, L.L.; Xie, Z.Q.; Wu, H.B.; Würthner, F.; Ma, Y.G. J. Am. Chem.
Soc., 2015, 137, 6995-6998.
(6) Nian, L.; Gao, K.; Liu, F.; Kan, Y.; Jiang, X.; Liu, L. L.; Xie, Z. Q.; Peng, X. B.; Russell, T. P.; Ma, Y. G.
Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 8184–8190.
(7) Nian, L.; Chen, Z.; Herbst, S.; Li, Q.; Yu, C.; Jiang, X.; Dong, H. L.; Li, F. H.; Liu, L. L.; Würthner, F.;
Chen, J. W.; Xie, Z. Q.; Ma, Y. G. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 7521-7526.
(8) Zhao, H. T.; Luo, Y.Q.; Xie, Z. Q.; Liu, L. L.; Ma, Y.G. Mater. Chem. Front. 2016, Submitted.
(9) Ma, W. T.; Nian, L.; Luo, Y. Q.; Liu, L. L.; Xie, Z. Q.; Ma, Y. G. Unpublished results.
94
7.2.1
Functional Optical Nanostructures: Assembly, Properties and Applications
Le He1*#, Xiaohong Zhang1
Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou Industrial
Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
1
Keywords: Silicon, Nanocrystals, CO2 Reduction, Solar Energy, Heterogeneous
Global warming and energy security are two major challenges currently facing human society. Thus there
is a great need to develop technology capable of harnessing and securing environmentally sustainable energy
supplies to replace fossil fuels and reduce CO2 emissions. Current clean, renewable, energy-generating
methods that produce electricity from the sun and wind suffer from the problem of intermittency as well as the
difficulty of storing electricity, as it has to be used essentially as it is produced. Hence there exists an urgent
need to find a way of producing energy-rich fuels that can be transported and stored for use on demand. In this
context, the purpose of our research is aimed at harnessing solar energy to make an energy rich portable fuel.
This process means both fuel generation using (free) sunlight and carbon dioxide capture (to reduce global
climate levels). To this end, we attempt to develop general strategies that allows for rational engineering of
nanostructured solar fuel materials with desired structural, optical and electronic properties in order to greatly
improve the conversion rate and efficiency in photoreduction of CO2.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
95
7.2.2
Interesting flowing of molten metal/alloy in a nanotube/nanowire
Rujia Zou1, Qian Liu1, Zhenyu Zhang2, Junqing Hu1,#,*
1
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials
Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; 2Center of Super-Diamond and
Advanced Films (COSDAF), Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong
Hong Kong, China
Keywords: In-situ TEM; Metal molten; Migration; Devices, Dynamics
In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been demonstrated to be a very useful tool to
discover new physical transformations associated with one-dimensional nanomaterials. So far, various kinds
of physical phenomena occurring at the nanoscale, including melting, growth, and mass transport have been
studied in real time using TEM, which provided new insights into the design, fabrication and engineering of
nanodevices. Herein, we demonstrate interesting flowing of molten metal/alloy in a nanotube/nanowire, which
include as follows:
(i) Stability of CNT-based device. The molten electrode (e.g., Au, Ag, and Pt) due to Joule heating was
flowing into the CNT channel by a resultant of the thermomigration and electromigration forces. The
electrical performances of such a device are strongly affected by this process, often causing electrical
shortening and even breakdown of pre-established devices. Dynamics analysis about the effects of the
electromigration and thermomigration on the mass transportation of the liquid metal filling inside the CNT
was carried out, and the destroying of the CNT devices may be avoided by selecting a CNT with a right length
and controlling a bias. This study suggests that the electrode melting and its flow through the CNT channel
may be one of the main reasons accounting for the unstable performance and the electrical breakdown and
even catastrophic failure of the established CNT-based devices.
(ii) Fabrication and engineering of the heterostructured devices. The migration of a molten Au/Ge alloy
within a solid Ge nanowire has been in situ observed based on a two-terminal connected nanowire device. A
theoretical model was proposed and the relevant dynamic mechanisms were discussed. It was found that the
migration direction and stopping position of the Au/Ge alloy liquid both showed a bias dependence. This work
supplied an important reference for the smart fabrication and engineering of the heterostructured devices.
(iii) A nanoscale electrically/thermally driven switch. The melting point of Sn nanowire inside the Ga2O3
tube is found to be as low as 58 °C-far below the value of bulk Sn (231.89 °C), and its crystal phase (β-Sn)
remains unchanged even at temperatures as low as -170 °C. The resistance demonstrates a sudden drop (rise)
when two Sn nanowires contact (separate), due to the thermally driven motion of the liquid Sn fillings inside
the tube. Thus this structure can be switched between its on and off states by controlling the motion, merging
or splitting, of the Sn nanowire inside the tube, either electrically, by applying a current, or thermally, at a
predetermined temperature.
#
Presenting Author: Junqing Hu, E-mail: [email protected]
Corresponding Author: Junqing Hu, E-mail: [email protected]
*
96
7.2.3
High-performance Wearable Supercapacitor Textiles
Zijian Zheng*#
Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR
Keywords: supercapacitor, textiles, wearable electronics, energy storage, polymer-assisted metal deposition.
Wearable supercapacitor textiles are supercapacitors that made use of and/or shaped into textile fibers, yarns,
and fabrics, which are inevitable energy storage devices for wearable electronic applications. To date, the
major challenge in the development of wearable supercapacitors is how to improve the electrochemical
properties of the device while acquiring high flexibility and durability under wearing conditions. Recently, our
laboratory has developed several supercapacitor yarns and fabrics, which show record-high electrochemical
performances of their kinds as well as excellent flexibility. These textile-based devices can be readily
integrated into different textile forms by means of weaving, embroidery, and heat pressing for wearable
applications.
References:
[1] Q. Huang, D. Wang, Z. J. Zheng*, Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201600783.
[2] L. Liu, Y. Yu, C. Yan, K. Li, Z. J. Zheng*, Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 7260.
[3] Y. Yu, C. Yan, Z. J. Zheng*, Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 5508-5516.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
97
8.1.1
Molecular Orientation-Dependent Photovoltaic Performance
in Organic Solar Cells
Kilwon Cho
Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673 Korea
Keywords: organic solar cell, molecular orientation, interface, photon harvesting, exciton dissociation
Photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells is highly dependent on the anisotropic nature of
optoelectronic properties of photoactive materials. Here, we demonstrate an approach for highly efficient
planar heterojunction solar cells by tuning the molecular orientation of the organic semiconducting materials.
A monolayer graphene inserted at anode interface served as a template for quasi-epitaxial growth of pentacene
crystals with lying-down orientation, which was favorable for overall optoelectronic properties including light
absorption, exciton diffusion, charge transport, and interfacial energetics. The lying-down orientation
persisted until ~100 nm in thickness, significantly enhancing the photon harvesting within the photoactive
layer due to its increased absorption range and exciton diffusion length. The resultant photovoltaic
performance showed a remarkable increase in Voc, Jsc, FF and consequently a 5 times increment in power
conversion efficiency than the devices without graphene layers. The effect of molecular orientation at donoracceptor interface was further investigated by using a planar heterojunction structure with orientationcontrolled P3HT thin films. Photophysical analyses revealed that the charge pair dissociation at the face-on
interface was more efficient, which resulted in smaller geminate recombination loss and more efficient
photocurrent generation. These results imply that the molecular orientation in photoactive layers is a critical
factor that should be elaborately controlled for high performance organic solar cells.
98
8.1.2
Non-radiative recombination in organic solar cells
Feng Gao
IFM, Linköping University, Sweden
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: Organic solar cells, open-circuit voltage, recombination
Compared with inorganic or perovskite photovoltaics, the key limiting factor for organic solar cells (OSCs) is
large voltage loss, which is usually over 0.7 V. A significant contribution of the large voltage loss in OSCs is
due to strong non-radiative recombination, which causes voltage loss of more than 0.35 V in most cases. The
origin of the strong non-radiative recombination in OSCs has been puzzling the community for almost one
decade, limiting rational design of materials to overcome this critical issue. In this study, we systematically
investigate several exceptional OSC systems (including fullerene and nonfullerene electron acceptors), where
the voltage loss is reduced to <= 0.7 V. We find that the quantum efficiency of electroluminescence in these
systems have been significantly increased. Our work would pave the way to rational design of novel OSC
materials for small voltage loss and high efficiency.
99
8.1.3
Metal Nanoparticle-assisted Crystallization of Perovskite Active Layer for High
Performance Solar Cells
Ali Asgher Syed#, Li Ning, Zhu Furong
Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Keywords: Solvent engineering; hole and electron extraction; charge collection efficiency.
Both conventional and inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved high power conversion
efficiencies. In order to gain a deeper understanding for growing better active layer in the solar cells, the
crystallization process of perovskite needs to be examined in more depth. Growth of perovskite layer onto
metal nanoparticles is a new approach which we have adopted for perovskite crystallization, layer growth, and
the enhancement of charge collection and an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the cells. By using
solvent engineering approach for preparing all solution processable planar inverted PSCs, based on
CH3NH3PbI3, our results reveal that adding a thin layer of silver nanoparticles to the cells leads to better
perovskite crystallinity and hence the improvement in photocurrent density, open circuit voltage, favorable
charge collection efficiency and thereby an improved PCE of ~14%. Whole fabrication was done at a low
temperature of ≤120°C, making it more acceptable for large scale production at low cost.
100
8.1.4
Two-Dimension-Conjugated Polymer Donor Materials for Polymer Solar Cells
Yongfang Li
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: Polymer solar cells (PSCs) have attracted great attention recently, because of the
advantages of simple device structure, light weight and capability to be fabricated into flexible and
semitransparent devices. The key photovoltaic materials of PSCs are conjugated polymer donors and
the fullerene or non-fullerene acceptors. For broadening absorption and enhancing hole mobility of
the polymer donor, we developed two-dimension (2D)-conjugated polymers with conjugated side
chains, including 2D-conjugated polythiophene derivatives1 and D-A copolymers with narrow or
medium bandgaps2. Recently, by side chain engineering of the medium bandgap 2D-conjugated D-A
copolymers, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs with the 2D-conjugated polymer as
donor and low bandgap A-D-A structured organic semiconductor ITIC as acceptor reached 9~11%35
. By further modification of the side chain isomerization of ITIC, the PCE of the non-fullerene PSCs
was further improved to 11.77%6. The results indicate that the 2D-conjugated polymers are excellent
donor materials for the PSCs with fullerene or non-fullerene acceptors.
References:
1. J. H. Hou, Z. A. Tan, Y. Yan, Y. J. He, C. H. Yang, Y. F. Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2006, 128,
4911-4916..
2. Y. F. Li, Acc. Chem. Res. 2012, 45, 723–733.
3. H. J. Bin, Z.-G. Zhang, L. Gao, S. Chen, L. Zhong, L. Xue, C. Yang, Y. F. Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
2016, 138, 4657–4664.
4. L. Gao, Z.-G. Zhang, H. J. Bin, L. Xue, Y. Yang, C. Wang, F. Liu, T. P. Russell, Y. F. Li, Adv.
Mater., 2016, 28, 8288–8295..
5. Bin, H. J.; Gao, L.; Zhang, Z.-G.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C.; Chen, S.; Xue, L.; Yang, C.;
Xiao, M.; Li, Y. F. Nature Commun, 2016, accepted.
6. Y. K. Yang, Z.-G. Zhang, S. Chen, H. J. Bin, L. Gao, L. Xue, C. Yang, Y. F. Li, J. Am. Chem.
Soc., 2016, 138, 15011–15018.
101
8.2.1
High Efficiency Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells
Xinhua Zhong
School of chemistry and molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology,
Shanghai 200237, China
Email: [email protected]
Keywords: Solar cells, Quantum dots, Sensitization
A higher surface coverage of QD sensitizers on the oxide substrate is a “must” to improve the efficiencies
of quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). Due to the big size and lack of anchoring site on colloidal QD
surface, the deposition of colloidal QD on TiO2 film electrode has being a bottleneck in the construction of
high efficiency QDSCs. A capping ligand-induced selfassembly approach, wherein QDs capped with
bifunctional linker ligands such as mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) are immobilized on TiO2 prompted by the
affinity between carboxyl group and TiO2, has been developed to achieve fast, uniform, and dense deposition
of colloidal QD on TiO2 electrode.1-3 Meanwhile, alloyed and type-II core/shell structured QD sensitizers with
features of wide absorption range and high conduction band edge have been designed and prepared.4-7
Furthermore, the potential charge recombination inside QD, and at photoanode/electrolyte interfaces is
substantially suppressed with the use of buffer layer and energetic barrier layers, consisting of a amTiO2/ZnS/SiO2 recipe onto QD sensitized TiO2 electrodes.[7,8] With the combination of high-quality QD
sensitizers, effective deposition technique, and suppressed charge recombination, the power conversion
efficiency (PCE) of QDSCs under simulated AM 1.5, full 1 sun illumination has been improved steadily from
the level of 4-5% to a certified value of 11.6%.1-9
Figure 1. Zn-Cu-In-Se (ZCISe) based QDSCs and J-V curves under 1 full sun illumination.
References:
[1] Li W., Zhong, X., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2015, 6, 798.
[2] Wang J. Mora-Sero I., Pan Z., Zhao K., Zhang H., Feng Y., Yang G., Zhong X., Bisquert J., J. Am. Chem.
Soc. 2013, 135, 15913.
[3] Pan Z., Mora-Sero I., Shen Q., Zhang H., Li Y., Zhao K., Wang J., Zhong X., Bisquert J. J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2014, 136, 9203.
[4] Zhao K., Pan Z., Mora-Seró I., Cánovas E., Wang H., Song Y., Gong X., Wang J., Bonn M., Bisquert J.,
Zhong, X., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 5602.
[5] Du J., Du Z., Hu J.-S., Pan Z., Shen Q., Sun J., Long D., Dong H., Sun L., Zhong X., Wan L.-J., J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 4201
102
8.2.2
Engineering Light Absorption and Film Crystallization for High-Efficiency
Perovskite Solar Cells
Ming He and Zhiqun Lin#*
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
Keywords: perovskite solar cells, upconversion nanoparticles, meniscus-assisted solution printing
Advances of metal halide perovskites in solar cells have been widely recognized. The power conversion
efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells has leaped from approximately 3 % to over 22 %. The photovoltaic
performance of perovskite solar cells is highly correlated with chemical composition and film crystallization
of perovskite photoactive layer. The chemical composition determines the spectral absorption range and the
film crystallization influences the charge recombination. In this context, extending the spectral absorption of
metal halide perovskite solar cells from visible into near-infrared (NIR) range renders the minimization of
non-absorption loss of solar photons. Moreover, controlling the crystallization of perovskite films enables the
reduction of the trap-assisted non-radiative charge recombination. Herein, we report two strategies for
improving the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells through engineering light absorption and
film crystallization: (1) Monodisperse NaYF4:Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were empolyed as
the mesoporous electrode, enabling perovskite solar cells to operate under extended light absorption to NIR
range (Figure 1a). Uniform NaYF4:Yb/Er UCNPs permanently tethered with hydrophilic polymer as surface
ligands were rationally crafted by capitalizing on double hydrophilic star-like poly(acrylic acid)-blockpoly(ethylene oxide) (PAA-b-PEO) diblock copolymer as nanoreactor, in which the outer PEO blocks not
only imparted the solubility of UCNPs but also rendered the tunability of film porosity during the
manufacturing process. The incorporation of NaYF4:Yb/Er UCNPs as the mesoporous electrode led to a high
efficiency of 17.8 %, which was further increased to 18.1 % upon the NIR irradiation. (2) Control over the
crystallization of metal halide perovskite films is also crucial to pursuing high efficiency. We developed a
robust strategy to manufacture large-grained FA0.85MA0.15PbI2.55Br0.45 perovskite film with good crystallization
and preferred orientation by meniscus-assisted solution printing (MASP). Central to this strategy is the solvent
evaporation-triggered outward convective flow that transported the perovskite solutes to the edge of the
meniscus, promoting the formation of micrometer-scale perovskite grains with preferred crystal orientations
(Figure 1b). The kinetics of grain growth was elucidated by in-situ optical microscopy tracking for further
understanding the crystallization mechanism of perovskites during MASP, from which a two-stage, namely,
quadratic followed by linear growth of perovskite crystallization was identified. The FA0.85MA0.15PbI2.55Br0.45
perovskite films prepared by the MASP exerted excellent optoelectronic properties such as long carrier
lifetimes, low trap-state densities, and eventually high efficiencies approaching 20 % in planar solar cells. As
such, these two strategies may open up avenues for the future development of perovskites for optoelectronic
applications.
Figure 1. (a) Scheme of the energy transfer process in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells using NaYF4:Yb/Er
upconversion mesoporous electrodes. (b) Schematic illustration of the meniscus-assisted solution printing
(MASP) of large-grained perovskite film.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
103
8.2.3
Efficient Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells with a Negligible Charge Separation
Driving Force
He Yan1, #*
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay,
Kowloon, Hong Kong
Emails: [email protected]
1
Keywords: Organic Solar Cell, Temperature Dependent Aggregation, Non-fullerene, Low Voltage Loss,
High Efficiency.
Two major issues limiting the development of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) are
the complicated morphology formed by the electron donor and electron acceptor and the high voltage loss. In
this talk, I will present the effort of our group toward solving these key issues. Our methodology for targeting
the first issue is through designing and synthesizing conjugated polymers with strong temperature dependent
aggregation in solution. The success rate in terms of polymer synthesis and the power conversion efficiency of
the resulting OSCs are dramatically improved through the use of this strategy, which enables us to achieve a
record efficiency of 11.7%.1 In the meantime, our group has developed polymers and small molecular
acceptors for efficient non-fullerene OSCs. More importantly, we find our high-performance non-fullerene
device has an extremely low voltage loss,2 one of the smallest reported values for all OSCs. By carrying our
detailed device physics studies, we demonstrate that our non-fullerene devices have fast charge separation and
high electroluminescence quantum efficiency, despite a small driving force between the donor and acceptor
molecules.
Reference:
1. Zhao, J. et al. Efficient organic solar cells processed from hydrocarbon solvents. Nat. Energy 1, 15027
(2016).
2. Liu, J. et al. Fast charge separation in a non-fullerene organic solar cell with a small driving force. Nat.
Energy 1, 16089 (2016).
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
104
Abstract of Posters
105
P-01
Boosting the performances of Perovskite photodetectors by periodic
nano-grating hole transporting layer
Ning Li, Ali Asgher Syed and Furong Zhu*
Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Abstract:
Perovskite materials has been intensively studied in the fields of solar cells, light emitting diodes as
well as thin film transistors. They are also promising for applications in photodetectors due to high
charge mobility, large absorption coefficient, and solution-based processes.
In this work, we studied the effects of periodic nano-grating of PEDOT:PSS hole transporting layer
(HTL) on the performances of perovskite photodetectors. The nano-grating structure of HTL was
created by nano-imprinting method.
As a result, grating induced internal light scattering effect favors the light absorption in the
perovskite layer and improved contact area helps the charge extraction, resulting in improvements of
the responsivity and response speed compared with planar structures. Our results also reveal that the
perovskite photodiodes with periodic nano-grating HTL possess a less angular dependency on
incident light angle.
106
P-02
Improved efficiency and stability of organic photovoltaic device using UV-ozone
treated ZnO anode buffer
Chiu-Yee Chan 1, Yu-Fang Wei 1, Hrisheekesh Thachoth Chandran 1, Chun-Sing Lee 1, 2 , Ming-Fai Lo 1, 2*
and Tsz-Wai Ng 1, 2* 1 Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), Department of Physics and Materials
Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
2 City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
Keywords: ZnO buffer layer, organic photovoltaic devices, ultra-violet ozone, power conversion
efficiency, stability
Abstract
We reported an efficient bulk-heterojunction solar cell of Boron subphthalocyanine chlorideFullerene with Ultra-violet (UV) ozone treated zinc oxide (ZnO) buffer layer at anode. By modifying
the root mean square roughness of ZnO and UV ozone treated, the power conversion efficiency
increases from 2.55% to 3.2 % under under AM1.5G illumination (100mWcm-2) as well as short
circuit density and open circuit voltage. The improvement in absorbance increases the short-circuit
density from 5.0 to 5.9 mA/cm2 and the high work function after UV ozone treatment which reduce
the leakage current increases the Voc of solar cell from 0.9V to 1.06V. We also demonstrated that
the device has a better stability since the reduction of work function under 1 day high vacuum
storage. 107
P-03
Low-Temperature-Processed Flexible Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Heterojunction
Rectified Diodes
Ching-Hsiang Chang1#, Chao-Jui Hsu1, and Chung-Chih Wu1,2,3,a)*
1 Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
2 Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
3 Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
a)
[email protected]
Keywords: flexible, Schottky barrier, heterojunction, PEDOT:PSS, n-InGaZnO
In recent years, printed and flexible electronics have attracted much attention due to their various
merits and unique features for emerging applications, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and
circuits for sensor networks and internet of things etc. For these emerging flexible electronic applications,
high-performance diode rectifiers that can be readily fabricated on flexible plastic substrates at low
temperatures are essential in their power transmission units. In this work, we report successful implementation
of flexible PEDOT:PSS/n-InGaZnO organic-inorganic heterojunction diodes on plastics at low temperatures.
High-conductivity p-type conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene
sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) with a conductivity of ~1000 S/cm, a high work function (~5.1 eV), and high optical
transparency was deposited by spin-coating as the bottom electrode. Then the semiconductive n-type aInGaZnO was deposited on top of PEDOT:PSS by sputtering at room temperature, followed by deposition of
Mo top electrode. With the high work function of PEDOT:PSS and lower electron affinity of n-IGZO (~4.16
eV ), the Schottky barrier and Schottky diode characteristics were obtained with the PEDOT:PSS/n-IGZO
hybrid heterojunction. The didoes on plastic substrates exhibited a low apparent turn-on voltage of 0.5, a high
rectification ratio of up to 4.4 × 105 at ±1 V, a high forward current of 1 Acm−2 around 1 V and a decent
ideality factor of 1.5, similar to characteristics of same diodes fabricated on glass substrates.
(a)
(b) (c) Figure 2. (a) Schematic device structure of the PEDOT:PSS/n-IGZO diodes. (b) The fabricated diodes on the
plastic substrate. (c) J-V charateristics of the diodes on glass or plastic substrate (either flat or bent to a radius
of curvature R = 2 cm)
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
108
P-04
Anodic nanoporous SnO2 grown on Cu foils as superior binder-free Na-ion
battery anodes
Haidong Biana,b,#, Jie Zhanga, Muk-Fung Yuena,c, Wenpei Kanga,c, Yawen Zhana,c, Denis Y.W.Yua, Zhengtao
Xub,*, Yang Yang Lia,c,d,*
a
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong
Kong, China
b
Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon,
Hong Kong, China
c
Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
d
Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, 8
Yuexing 1st Road, Shenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
* E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: Na-ion batteries, cold rolling, anodization, nanoporous SnO2
We present a convenient, low-cost strategy to fabricate one-dimensional, vertically oriented nanoporous
assembly of SnO2 upon a Cu substrate as a potentially promising anode system for Na-ion batteries
application. The major novelty of the fabrication stage resides in anodizing a Sn/Cu bilayer film that is created
by a facile cold-rolling procedure amenable to large-scale production. The open, nanoporous morphology of
SnO2 facilitates the diffusion of electrolytes to access the SnO2 surface. The high porosity of the SnO2 phase
also provides large void space to effectively accommodate the volume expansion/contraction during
sodiation/desodiation. As a result, the 1-D nanoporous SnO2 thus assembled on the Cu substrate can be
directly used as an effective electrode system for Na-ion storage--without the need for additives, dielivering a
remarkable capacity of 326 mA h g-1 over 200 cycles at a current rate of 0.2 C.
109
P-05
First-Principles Design of Iron-Based Active Catalysts for
Adsorption and Dehydrogenation of H2O Molecule on Fe(111), W@Fe(111), and
W2@Fe(111) Surfaces
Ming-Kai Hsiao,1 Bo-Ting Yao,1 Shin-Pon Ju,2,* and Hui-Lung Chen1,*
1
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 111,
Taiwan, 2 Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat- sen University,
Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
Keywords: DFT, Catalysis, Fe(111), Dehydrogenation, H2O
The adsorption and dehydrogenation of water on Fe(111), W@Fe(111), and W2@Fe(111) surfaces have
been studied via employing the first-principles calculations method based on the density functional theory.
The three adsorption sites of the aforesaid surfaces, such as top (T), 3-fold-shallow (S), and 3-fold-deep (D),
were considered. The most favorable structure of all OHx (x = 0–2) species on the surfaces of Fe(111),
W@Fe(111), and W2@Fe(111) have been thoroughly predicted and discussed. Our calculated results revealed
that the adsorbed configurations of FeH2O(T-η1-O)-b, W@FeH2O(T-η1-O)-a, and W2@FeH2O(T-η1-O)-a
possess energetically the most stable structure with their corresponding adsorption energies of -8.08, -13.37,
and -18.61 kcal/mol, respectively. In addition, the calculated activation energies for the first dehydrogenation
processes (HO-H bond scission) of H2O on Fe(111), W@Fe(111), and W2@Fe(111) surfaces, are 24.40, 12.62,
and 9.97 kcal/mol, respectively. For second dehydrogenation processes (O-H bond scission), the
corresponding activation energies of OH on Fe(111), W@Fe(111), and W2@Fe(111) surfaces are 39.35, 22.69,
and 26.24 kcal/mol, respectively. Finally, the entire dehydrogenation courses on the varied Fe(111),
W@Fe(111), and W2@Fe(111) surfaces are exothermic by 20.08, 41.35, and 59.30 kcal/mol, respectively. To
comprehend the electronic properties of its nature of interaction between the adsorbate and substrate, we
calculated the electron localization functions, local density of states, and Bader charges; the results were
consistent and explicable.
Corresponding Authors:
*Shin-Pon Ju: [email protected]
*Hui-Lung Chen: [email protected]
110
P-06
Highly Efficient Deep-Blue Electroluminescence from a Charge-Transfer Emitter
with Stable Donor Skeleton
Wen-Cheng Chen1*, Chun-Sing Leer1#
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
SAR, PR China
1
Keywords: phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole, donor-acceptor emitter, high stability, deep-blue OLED.
Organic materials containing arylamines have been widely used as hole-transporting materials as well as
emitters in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). However, it has been pointed out that the C-N bonds in
these arylamines can easily suffer from degradation in excited states, especially in deep-blue OLEDs. In this
work, phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole (PI) is proposed as a potential donor with higher stability than those of
arylamines. Using PI as the donor, a donor-acceptor type deep-blue fluorophore 1-phenyl-2-(4''-(1-phenyl-1Hbenzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)- [1,1':4',1''-terphenyl]-4-yl)-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole (BITPI) is designed and
synthesized. Results from UV-aging test on neat films of BITPI and other three arylamine compounds
demonstrate that PI is indeed a more stable donor comparing to arylamine. OLEDs using BITPI as a emitter
exhibits good device performances (EQE over 7%) with stable deep-blue emission (color index: (0.15, 0.13))
and longer operation lifetime than similarly-structured devices using arylamine-based emitters. Single-layer
devices based on BITPI also show superior performances, which are comparable to the best results from the
arylamine-based donor-acceptor emitters, suggesting that PI is a stable donor with good hole
transport/injection capability.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author ([email protected])
*
111
P-07
High-Performance Color-Tunable Perovskite Light Emitting Devices through
Structural Modulation from Bulk to Layered Film
Ziming Chen1#, Chongyang Zhang1, Xiao-Fang Jiang1, Meiyue Liu1, Ruoxi Xia1, Tingting Shi1, Dongcheng
Chen1, Qifan Xue1, Yu-Jun Zhao2, Shijian Su1, Hin-Lap Yip1#* and Yong Cao2
1
State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials &
Devices, South China University of Technology, P.R. China, 2 Department of Physics, South China University
of Technology, P.R. China
E-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: Blue emission, perovskite LEDs, nanostructure modulation, layered perovskite.
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite has been proved to be a promising material for light emitting
devices (LEDs). Emission of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites based on bulk, layered and quantum dot
structure were reported. Based on nanostructure control, we successfully fabricated highly efficient perovskite
LEDs from green to blue emission. Through adding small amount of 2-phenoxyethylamine (POEA) in
CH3NH3PbBr3 precursor solution, the EQE of CH3NH3PbBr3 LED can enhanced from 0.06% to 2.82% (Fig.1)
because adding POEA can passivate surface traps of CH3NH3PbBr3 crystal and help it become a purer phase
with higher crystallinity. While loading large amount of POEA will change the bulk structure of perovskite to
layered one because of the strong interaction between POEA molecules, resulting in a hypsochromic shift of
emission from green to blue (Fig.1). In this case, we obtained a high-performance perovskite LED with EQE
over 1% in sky-blue emission. In conclusion, through inducing POEA into CH3NH3PbBr3 precursor solution,
we successfully revealed the relationship between perovskite structure change and optical properties, finding
that nanostructure modulation could be a promising method to improve perovskite LED performance. [1]
Fig. 1 EL spectra and EQE versus voltage characteristics of perovskite LEDs with different ratio of POEA.
[1] Advanced Materials 2016, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603157
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
112
P-08
The Detrimental Effect of Excess Mobile Ions in Planar CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite
Solar Cells
Yuanhang Cheng#, Ho-Wa Li, Yuemin Xie, Xiuwen Xu, Sai Wing Tsang*
Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Keywords: perovskite solar cell, mobile ion concentration, photothermal deflection spectroscopy, transient
photovoltage, stability
The origin of the impact of mobile ion in perovksite solar cells (PVSCs) has recently become a hot
topic under debate. Here, we investigate systematically the structural effect and various recombination
pathways in PVSCs with different ion concentrations. By probing the transient ionic current in PVSCs, we
extract mobile ion concentrations in a range of 1016 cm-3 to 1017 cm-3 depending on the processing
conditions during a two-step process. The PVSC with the lowest ion concentration has both the highest
efficiency over 15% and shelf-life over 1300 hours. Interestingly, in contrast to the commonly adopted
models in literatures, we find that the crystal size and the bimolecular and trap-assisted recombination are
not responsible to the large difference in photovoltaic performance. Instead, by using transient
photocurrent and steady-state photoluminescence approaches, we find that the large reduction of shortcircuit current (Jsc) in mobile ion populated device is ascribed to the slow decay in photocurrent and the
increasing amount of non-radiative recombination. In addition, we also find that the excess mobile ions
trigger the deformation of perovskite to PbI2, which severely reduce the device lifetime. The results
provide valuable information on the understanding of the role of excess mobile ion on the degradation
mechanism of PVSCs.
#
Presenting Author: Yuanhang Cheng
Corresponding Author : Sai Wing Tsang
*
113
P-09
Edge-exposed Graphene Flexible Supercapacitor with Polymer Electrolyte
Yeon Jun Choi1, Suk Woo Lee1, Geon-Woo Lee1, Byung-Hoon Park1, Tae-Ho Kim2, Dae Soo Jung3 and
Kwang-Bum Kim1
E-mail: [email protected]
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Sinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu,
Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
2
Center for Membranes, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114,
Republic of Korea
3
Eco-Composite Materials Team, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology (KICET), Seoul 153801, Republic of Korea
Keywords: Flexible supercapacitor, edge-exposed graphene, CNT bucky paper, solid polymer electrolyte
Flexible energy storage devices have received increasing attention for their applications in emerging
flexible and wearable electronics.1 Among various energy storage devices, supercapacitors (also called
ultracapacitors or electrochemical capacitors) are considered as one of the most promising candidates to
power flexible and wearable electronics owing to their high power density, long cycling life, and good
operational safety.2 Realization of high-performance flexible supercapacitors requires consideration of
electrochemical, mechanical, and interfacial properties of main components such as electrode, separator, and
electrolyte. In this study, we designed and assembled a symmetric flexible supercapacitor based on edgeexposed graphene (EEG)-carbon nanotube (CNT) bucky paper and flexible solid polymer electrolyte. As an
electrode material, EEG is a graphene with a high density of edge sites, therefore, high specific capacitance.3
Flexible EEG-CNT bucky paper was fabricated using vacuum filtration of a suspension of EEG and CNT. The
assembled symmetric flexible supercapacitor shows a high capacitance per geometric area of 0.15 F cm-2 and
an excellent capacitance retention of 98% over 50,000 cycles. In addition, the symmetric flexible
supercapacitor has superior mechanical stability under repeated bending conditions. To be specific, the
symmetric unit cell shows no decrease of specific capacitance after 5,000 bending cycles and specific
capacitance retention of 90% over 50,000 cycles at highly bended state (bending radius : 3mm). More details
about the electrochemical properties of the symmetric unit flexible supercapacitor will be discussed at the
meeting.
References
1. L. B. Hu et al., Nano Lett., 2010, 10, 708-714
2. J. R. Miller et al., Science, 2008, 321, 651-652
3. H. K. Kim et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2016, 9, 1270-1281
114
P-10
Flexible fiber-shaped supercapacitor based on nickel-cobalt double hydroxide
and pen ink electrodes on metallized carbon fiber
1
2
Libo Gao1# and Yang Lu1,2*
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR,
Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong;
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon,
Hong Kong SAR, China
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected] ; Tel.: 3442-4061.
Keywords: fiber-shaped supercapacitor; nickel-cobalt double hydroxides; pen ink; nickel; carbon fiber
Flexible fiber-shaped supercapacitors (FSSCs) recently are of extensive interest for portable and wearable
electronic gadgets. Yet the lack of industrially flexible and cost-effective fibers with high conductivity and
capacitance tremendously limits its civil practical application. To this end, here, we present pristine twisting
carbon fibers (CFs) thread coated with a thin metallic layer via electroless deposition (ED) route, which
exhibits exceptional conductivity with ～300% enhancement and superior mechanical strength (1.8 GPa).
Subsequently, the commercial available conductive pen ink modified high conductive composite fiber
uniformly covered with ultrathin nickel-cobalt double hydroxides (Ni-Co DHs) was introduced to fabricate
flexible FSSC. The synthesized functionalized hierarchical flexible fiber exhibits high specific capacitance up
to 1.39 F·cm-2 in KOH aqueous electrolyte. The asymmetric solid-state FSSC show maximum specific
capacitance of 28.67 mF·cm-2 and energy density of 9.57 uWh·cm-2 at corresponding power density as high as
492.17 uW·cm-2 in PVA/KOH gel electrolyte, demonstrating its great potential in flexible electronic devices.
Figure 1. Schematic illustration of fabrication the asymmetric fiber supercapacitor device.
Figure 2. Electrochemical characterization of the asymmetric FSSC in solid PVA/KOH gel electrolyte.
Acknowledgements:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support from Hong Kong RGC under the project # CityU
11216515.
115
P-11
Low-Light Photodetectors and Photovoltaics Based on Si/PEDOT:PSS Hybrid
Devices
Meng-Lin Tsai1,2,#, Libin Tang3, Lih-Juann Chen2,*, Shu Ping Lau3, Jr-Hau He1,*
Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and
Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC, 3Department of Applied Physics,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
1
Keywords: low-light, photodetector, solar cell, hybrid solar cell, omnidirectional
Despite the massive improvement of traditional inorganic photodetectors and photovoltaic devices, the
demand of light harvesting at low-light level has become increasingly important for the development of nextgeneration electronics. Traditional photodetectors usually suffer from high noise level at room temperature,
therefore requires additional cooling systems for achieving low-light photodetection. Conventional solar cells
also face the challenge of poor light harvesting at hazy or cloudy weather. Here we report an
organic/inorganic hybrid device consisting of graphene quantum dot-modified poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate spin-coated on Si with high responsivity, high detectability,
omnidirectional light trapping capability, and fast operation speed at low-light level. We also carry out human
tissue measurement, outdoor weather-dependent photovoltaic characterization, and indoor weak light
photovoltaic characterization for demonstrating the potential of our low-light hybrid device for real-world
applications. This advance provides a promising way for developing high performance low-light level
photodetecting and photovoltaic devices in the future.
Figure 1. (a) The schematic, SEM image, and fabrication
process of the hybrid device. (b) TEM and high resolution
TEM (inset) images of the GQD and a photograph of the
GQD solution. (c) The diameter distribution of the sampled
GQD measured from TEM images.
Figure 3. (a) Schematic of the detection of 850 nm light
propagating through human finger tissue. (b) Photo-todark current ratio (PDCR) of the hybrid device as a
function of the 850 nm light propagation distance through
human finger tissue.
116
Figure 2. (a)(b) 532 nm laser intensity-dependent responsivity and detectivity of
the hybrid, micropyramidal Si, and planar Si devices measured at 0 V. (c)
Schematic of angular dependent photodetection of the sun. (d) Enhancement of
responsivity of the hybrid devices measured at 0 V under 850 nm light. (e)(f) The
rise and fall time of the hybrid devices measured at 0 V under 850 nm light
illumination.
Figure 4. Current-voltage characteristics of the hybrid and micropyramidal
Si devices at (a) 17:30 of a sunny day, (b) 13:00 of a cloudy day, and under
(c) indoor LED illumination.
P-12
High-Rate Li4Ti5O12/N-doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite for High
Power Energy Storage Devices
Jun Hui Jeong, Myeong-Seong Kim, Young-Hwan Kim, and Kwang-Bum Kima
E-mail: [email protected]
Department of Material Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul
03722, Republic of Korea
Keywords: Lithium titanate; N-doped graphene; High-rate anode materials; High power Lithium ion batteries
A Li4Ti5O12(LTO)/N-doped reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite is proposed to inmprove the rate
performance for high-rate lithium ion battery applications.1 The pore structure (both meso- and macro pores)
is developed when RGO restacking is prevented, facilitating electrolyte ion diffusion to active sites.2,3
Uniform nitrogen doping on RGO sheets with high nitrogen contents provides additional free electrons to the
sheets, resulting in increased electronic conductivity.4 The nitrogen content of the RGO sheets in the
composite is 2.3 wt.%, which increases the electronic conductivity of the composite to 1.60 S cm-1. The
specific surface area of the composite is increased to 35.8 m2 g-1. Thus, the composite structure with the Ndoped RGO sheets and porous secondary particles has high electrical conductivity and high ion accessibility.
The LTO/N-doped RGO composite demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance with a high specific
capacity of 117.8 mAh g-1 at 30 C and good cycle stability.
References
1. J.H. Jeong et al., J. Power Sources, 2016, 336, 376-384
2. S-H. Park et al., Chem. Mater., 2015, 27, 457-465
3. M-S. Kim et al., Sci. Rep., 2016, 6, 29147
4. H-C. Youn et al., ChemSusChem., 2015, 8, 1875-1884 117
P-13
Enhanced Light Harvesting in Perovskite Solar Cells via Nanostructures
Patterned Fullerene Passivation Layers
Jian Wei1, #, Rui-Peng Xu 2, Jian-Xin Tang *
Institute of Functional Nano& Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Dushuhu Campus, No.199
Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, P. R. China
Keywords: perovskite solar cells, light harvesting, soft nanoimprinting
Photovoltaic technology requires devices to efficiently carry out two processes: absorb light and covert
the light into free charges rather than heat. Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells are emerging
as state-of-the-art photovoltaic devices because the hybrid perovskite materials potentially facilitate the
photoelectric conversion process so that a more than 22% power conversion efficency has been obtained.
However, it is still of great challenges to achieve maximum light trapping within the devices and then make
the most of the light for photoelectric conversion.
Based on the perovskite solar cells with a construction of glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perovskite
(CH3NH3PbI3-xClx)/PC61BM/Bphen/Ag, a simple and widely applicable scheme is put forward by
incorporating soft nanoimprinted grating or quasirandom moth-eye nanostructures into fullerene passivation
electron transporting layers as the light manipulation unit. Compared to the unpatterned device, the devices
with grating and quasirandom moth-eye nanostructures exhibit a significant short circuit current enhancement
of 6.6% and 11.2%, and the corresponding power conversion efficiencies increase from 14.39% to 15.36%
and 16.23%, respectively. The effectiveness of this stratege is confirmd by absorption and external quantum
efficiency measurements, wherein an improvement of the absorption spectrum over a broad wavelength range
of 350-800 nm is observed. Theoretical simulations through finite difference time domain (FDTD) approach
clearly exhibit that the scattering effect induced by nanostructures and the excited surface plasmon resonance
(SPR) mode induced by the patterned metallic back electrode greatly enhance the energy flux densities in
nanostructured layers, leading to more efficient light harvesting so as to higher device efficiencies. This light
manipulation strategy can be a novel and efficient method for the performance enhancement study of
perovskite solar cells.
118
P-14
Activated Graphene Microspheres for Supercapacitor Application
Young-Hwan Kim and Kwang-Bum Kim
E-mail: [email protected]
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Sinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu,
Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
Keywords: Activation, N-containing carbon, Graphene, Supercapacitor
Graphene has been extensively studied as an electrode material for supercapacitors due to its high electric
conductivity, large specific surface area, and excellent chemical/mechanical stability.1,2 Due to the 2D nature
of the graphene sheet, however, it tends to easily to form lamellar microstructures on a current collector
during electrode fabrication. Restacking of the graphene sheets in the electrode greatly reduces the effective
surface area of graphene and limits ion transport within the graphene electrode, which in turn leads to a
decrease in the specific capacitance.3 Assemblies of graphene has been reported to convert 2D graphene sheets
to a 3D structure of graphene could sustain its structure after being immersed in an electrolyte solution and
was remarkably aggregation – resistant.4 In this study, we make 3D microsphere of graphene by using Ncontaining carbon and activate the produced 3D microsphere of graphene by potassium hydroxide. We report
on activated graphene microspheres exhibited a large surface area of 1380 m2 g-1 and high micro-pore volume
of 1.216 cm3 g-1 with a high specific capacitance of 254 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 and 226.7 F g-1 at 10 A g-1 in 1 M
TEABF4/AN electrolyte. Detailed synthetic procedure, electrochemical properties of activated graphene
microspheres will be discussed in the meeting.
Figure (a) Cyclic Voltammograms of activated graphene microspheres at increasing potential scan rates from 10 mV s-1 to 500 mV s-1
(b) Galvanostatic charge/discharge profiles of activated graphene microspheres at increasing current density from 0.5 A g-1 to 10 A g-1
in 1 M TEABF4/AN electrolyte.
References
1. K. S. Novoselov et al, Science, 2004, 306, 666.
2. C. Berger et al, Science, 2006, 312, 1191.
3. H. K. Kim et al, Energy Environ. Sci., 2016, 9, 1270.
4. S. H. Park et al, Chem. Mater., 2015, 27, 457.
119
P-15
Sn4P3 Nanotops Based Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries
Danni, Lan1#, Wenhui Wang1, Quan Li1*
Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territory, Hong Kong
1
Keywords: Sodium ion batteries, anode, Tin phosphide
Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have been considered as a promising alternative to lithium ion batteries
LIBs). The energy storage mechanism for SIBs is similar to that of LIBs, but the abundance of Na on earth
makes it much cheaper than the Li counterparts. Suitable anodes with high specific capacity and appropriate
redox potentials are requisite for high energy capacity sodium ion batteries. Among various material choices,
Sn4P3 is a most promising anode material owing to its highest theoretical volumetric capacity (6650 mA h cm3
), high gravimetric capacity (1132 mA h g-1) and relatively low redox potentials (~0.3 V-0.65 V vs. Na/Na+).
Ball milling and solvothermal are the conventional fabrication methods for Sn4P3. However, the large size
of Sn4P3 (when obtained by ball milling) or the P impurities left in the sample (when obtained by solvothermal)
are detrimental to the anode performance. In the present work, a facile solution chemistry method is
developed to grow phase pure Sn4P3 nanotops with controllable size. The detailed growth mechanism of the
Sn4P3 nanotops will be discussed. The as-prepared Sn4P3 nanotops show good electrochemical performance
when employed as SIB anode.
This work is supported by RGC/GRF under project No. 14316716
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
120
P-16
On the Study of Exciton Binding Energy with Direct Charge Generation in
Photovoltaic Polymers
Ho-Wa Li1#, Zhiqiang Guan2, Yuanhang Cheng1, Taili Lui1, Qingdan Yang1, Chun-Sing Lee2*, Song Chen3*,
Sai-Wing Tsang1*
1
Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China,
2
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), Department of Physics and Materials Science,
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China,
3
Recording Head Operation, Seagate Technology LLC, Minneapolis, MN, 55435, USA
Keywords: transport gap, exciton, binding energy, quantum efficiency, organic photovoltaics
The excitonic effect in organic semiconductors plays a key role in determining the electronic
devices performance. Strong exciton binding energy has been regarded as the detrimental factor
limiting the further improvement in organic photovoltaic cells. Substantial photovoltage loss is
accompanied with the dissociation of the Coulombic attraction of photo-generated electron-hole
pairs. Despite the matter of importance, there is limited reported in measuring the exciton binding
energy in organic photovoltaic materials. Conventional sophisticated approach using photoemission
spectroscopy (UPS and IPES) requiring ultra-high vacuum that limits the wide access of the
investigation. Here, we will demonstrate a facile approach for measuring the exciton binding
energies of a wide range of organic semiconductors by photoconductivity. Quantitative values of the
exciton binding energy in five prototypical photovoltaic polymers were obtained with concise
photovoltaic device structure. And the extracted binding energies have excellent agreement with
those determined by the conventional photoemission technique. The results would bring insight into
the future development of reducing the excitonic effect for high efficiency organic photovoltaic cells.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
121
P-17
Rational Design of Hollow Carbon Nanofibers Inserted MnO Micro-Nano
Spheres with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Li-Ion Batteries
Huan-Huan Li, Jing-Ping Zhang*
Faculty of Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast
Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Keywords: lithium-ion batteries, MnO, anode materials, hollow carbon nanofibers.
Manganese monoxide (MnO) has been proposed as a promising conversion anode material for lithium
ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high theoretical capacity, comparatively low voltage hysteresis (<0.8 V),
low cost and environmental friendliness. However, the inferior intrinsic electrical conductivity, poor ion
transport kinetics, and obvious volume expansion/contraction of MnO greatly restrict its further application in
LIBs.1-2 In this work, porous spherical MnO and hollow carbon nanofibers (HCNFs) composite (MnO/HCNFs)
has been designed and synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method followed by a thermal reduction process.
The MnO/HCNFs exhibites a unique porous cherry-like structure, which makes full use of the advantages of
the rich porosity, micro-nano structure of MnO, and high conductivity of HCNFs. Firstly, the rich porosity
throughout the entire MnO spheres increases active sites to store redox ions and enhance ionic diffusivity to
primary MnO nanoparticles. Secondly, the three dimensional interconnected porous micro-nano structure is
able to accommodate the volumetric changes and relieve the strains caused by the volume variation during the
charge/discharge process, thus significantly enhancing the structural stability. Thirdly, the conductive HCNFs
is favor for both transport of electrons and ions, contributing to decent redox kinetics. Due to the merits
mentioned above, the MnO/HCNFs exhibited remarkable cycling performance (950/840 mAh g-1 after
200/500 cycles at 200/1000 mA g-1) and good rate capability (200 mA h g-1 at 6.4 A g-1) as anodes for LIBs.
The realization of decent electrochemical performance without nanostructuring in a complex metal oxides
expands the scope of cherry-like structured synthesis for other materials in energy storage use. Moreover,
MnO/HCNFs synthesized in a facile and economical strategy in this work suggest that this material not only is
structurally and electronically exceptional but merits consideration for a range of further applications.
Scheme. Superior advantages of M-N/HCNFs compared to normal M-N structured materials.
References
1. Poizot, P.; Laruelle, S.; Grugeon, S.; Dupont, L.; Tarascon, J. M. Nature 2000, 407, 496-499.
2. Li, X.; Xiong, S.; Li, J.; Liang, X.; Wang, J.; Bai, J.; Qian, Y. Chem. - Eur. J. 2013, 19, 11310-11319.
*
Corresponding Author: Jing-Ping Zhang;
Email: [email protected];
Fax: 86-431-85099668.
122
P-18
Solution-Processed, Mercaptoacetic Acid-Engineered Quantum Dots
Photocathode for Efficient Hydrogen Generation under Visible Light Irradiation
Bin Liu,1,2 Xu-Bing Li,2 Li-Zhu Wu,*2 Chen-Ho Tung,*2 Wen-Jun Zhang *1
COSDAF, Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue,
Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
2
Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics
and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
1
Keywords: photoelectrochemical, photocathode, quantum dots, hydrogen generation
The production of clean fuels by solar energy conversion is an attractive solution to the looming energy
crisis and greenhouse effect. Hydrogen (H2), with high specific enthalpy and benign combustion product, is
considered to be an ideal candidate for such a fuel, particularly as it is produced by water splitting using
sunlight. Recently, quantum dots (QDs) have appeared at the forefront of light-driven H2 production because
their nanoscale physical properties are quite different from those of bulk materials. Unfortunately, all of the
current systems are performed well only in the presence of large amounts of chemical sacrificial electron
donors. To avoid the use of any sacrificial agent and generate H2 in an environmentally friendly manner,
photoelectrochemical (PEC) production of H2 is an ideally clean and renewable mean that integrates solar
energy collection and water reduction into a single photoelectrode. PEC studies involving QDs-sensitized
photoelectrodes have focused almost exclusively on photoanodes, where photocurrents result from lightsimulated electron transfer from QDs into the conduction bands of an n-type semiconductor, such as TiO2.
Conversely, QDs-based photocathodes, operated in an inverse mode of light-stimulated hole transfer from
QDs into the valence band of a p-type semiconductor, are scarcely concerned to date.
We describe here a simple, efficient and stable CdSe QDs/NiO photocathode engineered by molecular
linker, mercaptoacetic acid (MAA), for H2 generation from neutral water. This protocol does not require any
sacrificial reagent, external cocatalyst, protecting layer and buffer solution as well. Upon visible-light
irradiation, photocurrent, as high as -60 μA/cm2, is achieved at a bias of -0.1 V vs. NHE in 0.1 M Na2SO4 (pH
6.8). Simultaneously, the photocathode evolves H2 consistently for 45 h with ~100% Faradic efficiency that is
unprecedented in the field of sensitized photocathodes for H2 production. Mechanistic study reveals that the
exceptional performance is derived from the efficient hole transfer process.
Fig. 1 (a) The transient photocurrent responses to on-off illumination of photocathodes); (b) evolved H2 and charges passed through
the outer circuit (dashed line);
Acknowledgement. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
(2014CB239402, 2013CB834804 and 2013CB834505), the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(21090343, 91027041 and 21390404), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
References.
[1] L.-Z. Wu, B. Chen, Z.-J. Li, C.-H. Tung, Acc. Chem. Res., 2014, 47, 2177.
[2] B. Liu, X-B. Li, Y-J. Gao, Z. J. Li, Q-Y. Meng, C-H. Tung, L-Z. Wu, Energy Environ. Sci. 2015, 8, 1443.
[3] J. Li, X. Gao, B. Liu, Q. Feng, X.-B. Li, M.-Y. Huang, Z. Liu, J. Zhang, C.-H. Tung, L.-Z. Wu, J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 3954.
123
P-19
Low temperature processed photoconductive cathode interlayer for inverted
polymer solar cells
Yinqi Luo1, Zengqi Xie1*
1
Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials
and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.Email:
[email protected]
Keywords: photoconductive, cathode interlayer, water soluble, zinc oxide, organic solar cells.
We report an aqueous solution processed highly mobility cathode interfacial layer (CIL) for efficient
inverted polymer solar cells (iPSCs) by doping ZnO with a water soluble perylene bisimide (PBI-SO3H). The
easily formed strong interaction (chemical bonding) between ZnO and the -SO3H group facilitates the
formation of uniform thin film even at relatively low temperature. PBI-SO3H greatly increases the electron
mobility and conductivity of ZnO under light illumination due to photo induced electron transfer between
them. As a result, the inverted polymer solar cell based on thieno[3,4-b]thiophene/benzodithiophene
(PTB7):[6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) using ZnO:PBI-SO3H as an electron
transporting layer delivered a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.78%. Here, the ZnO:PBI-SO3H was
treated under 150℃, which is a threshold for the procession on flexible substrate. Both the high conductivity
and Low temperature processing of ZnO:PBI-SO3H interlayer are favorable for large-scale printable iPSCs.
The work provides a promising candidate cathode interfacial material for efficient iPSCs.
References
(1) Nian, L.; Zhang, W.Q.; Wu, S.P.; Qin, L.Q.; Liu, L.L.; Xie, Z.Q.; Wu, H.B.; Ma, Y.G. ACS Appl. Mater.
Interfaces, 2015, 7, 25821-25827.
(2) Nian, L.; Zhang, W.Q.; Zhu, N.; Liu, L.L.; Xie, Z.Q.; Wu, H.B.; Würthner, F.; Ma, Y.G. J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
2015, 137, 6995-6998.
(3) Nian, L.; Gao, K.; Liu, F.; Kan, Y.; Jiang, X.; Liu, L. L.; Xie, Z. Q.; Peng, X. B.; Russell, T. P.; Ma, Y. G.
Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 8184–8190.
(4) Nian, L.; Chen, Z.; Herbst, S.; Li, Q.; Yu, C.; Jiang, X.; Dong, H. L.; Li, F. H.; Liu, L. L.; Würthner, F.; Chen, J.
W.; Xie, Z. Q.; Ma, Y. G. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 7521-7526.
124
P-20
Various morphologies of WO3 nanostructures fabricated by hydrothermal
methods and its effects on photo-catalytic properties
Soo-Min Park1,#, Sung-Myung Ryu1, Chunghee Nam1,2,*
Department of Photonics and Sensors, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2
Department of Unmanned System, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
1
Keywords: WO3 nanorods, oxide semiconductor, photo-catalyst, hydrothermal method
Transition metal oxides have attracted much interest not only due to their fundamental scientific issues but
also their various technological applications such as environment-, energy- and bio- materials. Tungsten
oxides (WO3) among those oxides have wide-ranging applications such as, gas sensors, electrochromic for
smart window, and photo-catalyst etc..[1-3] In this study, WO3 nanostructures have been synthesized by
simple wet-chemical hydrothermal method at various temperatures using sodium tungstate (Na2WO4·2H2O) as
a precursor material. In order to obtain various morphologies of WO3 nanostructures, we have added
directional capping agents (citric acid and oxalic acid) during the preparation of solution, resulting in that
structures and morphology of WO3 powders were obviously changed. The morphology and structure of
synthesized WO3 samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction
technique, and BET methods for surface area measurements. It was found that the capping agents have an
essential influence on the morphology evolution due to NaCl limited concentration during synthesis of
WO3 crystal. In addition, the optimal duration time for hydrothermal reaction is reduced, which is useful for
mass-production of WO3 nano-powders. Finally, photo-catalytic properties were investigated by simple UVabsorption methods depending on the amount of UV exposure. The results will be presented in detail.
[1] N. Xu, M. Sun, Y. W. Cao, J. N. Yao, and E. G. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 157, 81 (2000)
[2] Y. A. Yang, Y. W. Cao, P. Chen, B. H. Loo, and J. N. Yao, J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 59, 1667 (1998)
[3] E. Rossinyol, A. Prim, E. Pellicer, J. Rodriguez, F. Peiro, A. Cornet, J. Ramon, B. Tian, T. Bo, and D.
Zhao, Sens. Act. B 126 18 (2007)
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author : [email protected]
*
125
P-21
Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence OLEDs Based on Functional
Phenylpyridinato Boron Complexes
Yi-Jiun Shiu,a,# Yi-Ting Chen,b, Wei-Kai Lee,a Chung-Chih Wu,a,* Tzu-Chieh Lin,b Shih-Hung Liu,b
Pi-Tai Chou,b* Chin-Wei Lu,c I-Chen Cheng,c Yi-Jyun Lien,c and Yun Chi,c,*
a,
Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
b,
Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
c,
Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];
Keywords: boron, thermally activated delay fluorescence, N-donor, organic light emitting diodes,
phenylpyridine
Efficient light emitting materials are an indispensable component in the fabrication of organic light
emitting diodes (OLEDs) for flat-panel display and solid state lighting applications. It is notable that the heavy
transition-metal of phosphorescent emitters are capable to induce fast intersystem crossing (ISC) between the
singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) excited states, giving electroluminescence with internal quantum efficiencies (ηint)
of nearly 100%. Alternatively, there is a relatively new class of compounds, namely: thermally activated
delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, which can also achieve unitary ηint without employment of the thirdrow transition-metal atoms. In general, TADF emitter can be enabled by reducing the spatial overlap between
the HOMO and LUMO orbitals of molecules, for which the reduced electron exchange energy afforded the
smaller energy gap between triplet (typically T1) and singlet (S1) states, defined as ET-S (T1-S1). The smaller
ET-S facilitates the fast reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) from the non-emissive T1 to the emissive S1
excited state upon thermal activation, rendering effective harvest of triplet excitons to the singlet state for the
generation of bright electroluminescence (fluorescence).
A new series of functional phenylpyridinato boron complexes possessing thermally activated delay
fluorescence (TADF) have been strategically designed and synthesized. These boron complexes utilize
phenylpyridine as the electron acceptor (A) that links to carbazole or triphenyl amine as the electron donor (D)
via a core boron atom, forming four-coordinate neutral boron complexes. The selection of boron to spatially
separate donor and acceptor takes its advantage of facile functionalization. TADF properties of the resulting
D-A functional materials in various solvents and solid hosts have been investigated via their emission spectra
and associated relaxation dynamics. The results show that the operation of TADF is solvent polarity
dependent in fluid states and solid host dependent. Some of these novel TADF emitters show high PLQYs in
appropriate solid hosts and can be used to fabricate highly efficient blue-green to green TADF OLEDs
showing EL efficiencies of up to (20.2%, 63.9 cdA-1, 66.9 lmW-1) and (26.6%, 88.2 cdA-1, 81.5 lmW-1),
respectively.
126
2
P-22
Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) photoanodes
for photoelectrochemical water splitting devices
Yuanyuan Shi1, Tingting Han1,2, Xiaoxue Song1#, Antonio Mio2, Luca Valenti2, Stefania
Privitera2, Salvatore Lombardo2, Mario Lanza1*
1Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123,
China 2Institute for Microelectronicsand Microsystems, National Research Council (IMM-CNR),
533 Stradale Primosole 95121 Catania, Italy
* Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: MOS structure, Water splitting, Photoanode, Ageing mechanism,
The metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure has been widely used in many different applications,
ranging from microelectronics to photovoltaics. In this work we present a comprehensive explanation of the
use of MOS devices in the field of water splitting, providing specific experimental details and guides about
how to start in this field. MOS nanocomposites are promising candidates for transforming sunlight into clean
chemical fuels, such as hydrogen. This approach is attractive because sunlight is intermittent and locationdependent, and chemical fuels can be stored and transported. One raising technology is to split water molecules
into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis (see Eq. 1). To do so, the semiconductor is immersed in a liquid and
illuminated, which produces a photocurrent that boost the electrolysis. When this happens, some chemical
reactions appear at the liquid-semiconductor interface, which are:
Overall water splitting: 2H2O 
O2 + 2H2 
(Eq. 1)
It is worth noting that a tandem water splitting cell contains two electrodes, a photoanode and a
photocathode [1], where the OER and HER take place (respectively). The continuous generation of these
chemical reactions at the surface of the semiconductor could corrode it, leading to performance decay. To
avoid this problem some protective transition metal oxides (such as TiO2 [2, 3]) can be deposited at the
interface (usually by ALD). Moreover, in order to accelerate the chemical reactions metallic catalysts need to be
also evaporated or sputtered on top [2-5], leading to the effective MOS photoelectrode. Sometimes,
metallic catalysts can also act as anti-corrosion layers, simplifying the manufacturing process.
Here we will present our latest results using Ni/SiO2/n-Si photoanodes for water splitting [6, 7]. The
cross sectional TEM image of a fresh 5 nm Ni/SiO2/n-Si photoanode, which exhibits the MOS structure of the
sample layer by layer. Record activity and long stability have been obtained by using thin (below 10 nm)
nickel layer on the n-Si surface with native SiO2 at alkaline conditions under illumination. The reliability and
ageing mechanism of this kind of photoanodes have been explored combing a wide range of the nano and
atomic scale tools with the long stability tests in photoanodes with different metal thicknesses. We observe
that the degradation kinetics of the nickel coatings strongly depend on the thickness of the coating layer. The
activity of the 2 nm nickel-coated silicon photoanode decays faster than thicker ones, due to prohibitive
increase of SiO2 layer thickness plus contamination from the electrolyte. Above a thickness of 5 nm nickel
coating, the performance of the samples decays due to the formation of holes on the nickel layer.
References:
[1] J. A. Turner, Science, 342, 811-812 (2013).
[2] Y. W. Chen, J. D. Prange, S. Dühnen, Y. Park, M. Gunji1, C. E. D. Chidsey, P. C. McIntyre, Nat. Mater.,
10, 539-544 (2011).
[3] S. Hu, M. R. Shaner, J. A. Beardslee, M. Lichterman, B. S. Brunschwig, N. S. Lewis, Science, 344, 10051009 (2104).
[4] A. G. Scheuermann, K. W. Kemp, K. Tang, D. Q. Lu, P. F. Satterthwaite, T. Ito, C. E. D. Chidsey, P. C.
McIntyre, Energy Environ. Sci., 9, 504-516 (2016).
[5] R. Fan, J. Min, Y. Li, X. Su, S. Zou, X. Wang, M. Shen, Appl. Phys. Lett., 106, 213901 (2105).
[6] M. J. Kenney, M. Gong, Y. Li, J. Z. Wu, J. Feng, M. Lanza, H. Dai, Science, 342, 836-840 (2013).
[7] T. Han, Y. Shi, X. Song, A. Mio, L. Valenti, F. Hui, S. Privitera, S. Lombardo, M. Lanza, J. Mater. Chem.
A (2016, major revision).
# Presenting Author
*Corresponding Author
127
P-23
User Infrastructures for Energy Material Science at the Helmholtz Zentrum
Berlin für Materialien und Energie HZB
1
Antje Vollmer1,*, #
Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str.15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
Keywords: BESSY II, Energy Materials, Infrastructure.
Modern societies are facing the urgent global challenge of a growing demand for energy and the
sustainability of its supply. Meeting this challenge requires a tremendous effort in research, innovative
solutions and smart applications. Scientists from around the world have accepted the task to develop and
refine new scientific concepts and technologies to pave the way to clean and sustainable energy supply of
tomorrow. The „Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie“ has taken up the challenge of
developing advanced materials for solar energy conversion and storage on one side and to provide outstanding
infrastructure to a global user community on the other. By offering a variety of experimental possibilities HZB
aims at contributing to a sustainable, economic and secure energy supply. With Synchrotron methods and
dedicated laboratory infrastructures that allow guided materials design, synthesis and analysis, HZB targets
the full chain from the discovery of basics principles in energy materials to the transfer of results to
applications for the society.
One of the infrastructures at BESSY II is EMIL@BESSYII, the Energy Materials In-situ Laboratory. In a
concerted effort together with the Max Planck Society, EMIL@BESSYII will offer a pivotal, unique
infrastructure for Energy Materials Research at HZB’s synchrotron light source. In addition to
EMIL@BESSYII, a variety of dedicated experimental set-ups at BESSY II allow experiments on energy
materials for applications in photovoltaics, energy conversion, energy storage and energy saving.
Our new multi-user platform CoreLabs at HZB will complement the synchrotron infrastructures. CoreLabs are
dedicated to research and development of new and improved materials for energy conversion and storage
applications as well as energy-efficient future IT. They provide state-of-the-art laboratories and unique
equipment and will serve the wider scientific community by offering services and user access to external
academic and industrial partners. The X-ray CoreLab covers different modern X-ray diffraction methods
focusing on in-situ studies of phase transitions and texture analysis. The microscopy CoreLab, participating in
the ZEISS labs@loation program, conducts cutting-edge research on novel materials with the most modern
ZEISS electron microscopes available. The HySPRINT CoreLab will focus on hybrid materials and
components based on silicon and perovskite crystals used for energy conversion in photovoltaics as well as for
solar hydrogen production (http://hz-b.de/corelabs).
In this presentation the HZB infrastructures for Energy Material Science to the global user communities are
presented and discussed.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
128
P-24
Enhanced cycle performance of Sn4P3 anode in Na-ion batteries using TiC
Wenhui Wang #, Quan Li *
Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, HongKong
1
Keywords: Sodium ion battery, Anode, Tin phosphide, TiC
Sn4P3 is a most promising anode candidate for Na-ion battery, due to its high capacity (1132 mAh/g or
1192 Ah/L) and low average operating voltage (~0.5 V vs. Na/Na+). However, its cycle stability is limited by
the low electronic conductivity of the binary Sn-P phases and the segregation of Sn upon cycling.
In the present work, we show that enhanced cycling performance of Sn4P3 can be achieved by
introducing TiC to the ball milled Sn4P3/TiC particles. With 30% TiC introduced, Sn4P3 can retain 94.5% of
initial de-sodiation capacity over 100 cycles at current density of 100 mA/g. This is quite significant when
comparing to a 17.4% remain in the case of Sn4P3 without TiC introduction. The optimization of TiC amount
and mechanism for the cycling stability improvement will also be discussed.
This work is supported by RGC/GRF under project No. 14316716
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
E-mail: [email protected]
*
129
P-25
Studies of Charge Recombination and Collection Behaviors in Non-fullerene
Based Organic Solar Cell
Yiwen Wang#, Furong Zhu
Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Keywords: Non-fullerene acceptor; charge carrier mobility; bimolecular recombination.
Fullerene derivative-based electron acceptors have been widely used for application in organic solar cells
(OSCs), due to the advantages of high electron mobility, electron affinity and efficient charge transportation.
However the fullerene-based acceptors have weak absorption in the visible light region and the limited room
for tuning the energy level for realizing the desired energy level alignment with different polymer donors. In
order to overcome these limitations, a variety of non-fullerene electron acceptors have been developed. A
comprehensive analysis was carried out to study the charge recombination and collection in both conventional
and inverted OSCs based on non-fullerene acceptor (ITIC). ITIC-based conventional and inverted
configuration OSCs having power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.5% and 7.7% are obtained, with
comparable performance of [6,6]-Phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM)-based OSCs having PCE of
7.5% (conventional) and 7.9% (inverted). The results reveal that ITIC-based OSCs always show higher open
circuit voltage (VOC) as compared to that of the PC71BM-based devices. The bimolecular recombination,
charge collection at the organic/cathode interface and their impacts on VOC in ITIC-based OSCs are analyzed
using the photo-induced charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage and light intensity-dependent current
density–voltage characteristics measurements.
130
P-26
Theoretical Calculations of Electrochemical Activities of Cu-BHT Nanostructures
on Catalyzing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Huiying Yao1, Xing Huang2, Wei Hao3, Jia Zhu1#*, Shuzhou Li3*, Wei Xu2*
Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 P. R. China
2
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 P. R. China
3
School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
*Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
1
Keywords: DFT, Hydrogen Evolution Reaction, Cu-BHT
Hydrogen has been considered as a promising candidate of clean and sustainable energy for its high
energy density, abundant resources and environmental friendly. One of the executable and convenient ways to
obtain hydrogen is the electrocatalytic splitting of water through hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Comparing with the well-known HER catalytic materials, the reported two-dimensional conjugated
coordination polymer material Cu-BHT1 (BHT=benzenehexathiol) shows underestimated catalytic
performance. Herein, we used density functional theory (DFT) to reveal various catalytic performances of
electrodes covering by Cu-BHT nanostructures. Two kinds of crystal planes depending on the structure of CuBHT have been modeled: (0 0 1) and (1 0 0) surfaces. On (0 0 1), atomic hydrogen is more reliably adsorbed
on atop site of S with Eads = 0.315 eV. While on (1 0 0) surface, it prefers to adsorbed above Cu with Eads = 0.256 eV. So far, it can be concluded that preferred adsorbed sites of atomic hydrogen and the strength of
adsorption above same element both vary in different surfaces. Furthermore, we have studied the adsorption
energy change along with increasing hydrogen coverage to give a better description of catalytic performance.
It is expected to give helpful insights for improving the activity of metal organic material catalysts in
experiment through controlling their surface morphologies.
1. Huang, X. et al. A two-dimensional p–d conjugated coordination polymer with extremely high electrical conductivity and ambipolar
transport behaviour. Nat. Commun. 6:7408
131
P-27
Amorphous red P encapsulated in hollow porous carbon nanoshpere for sodium
storage with exceptional long-term cyclic stability
Shanshan Yao1, *, #, Jiang Cui1, Jang-Kyo Kim1
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
*
Corresponding author: [email protected] (S. Yao)
1
Keywords: red P, HPCNS, vaporization-condensation, long lifespan, SIB.
To satisfy the ever-growing demands of rechargeable battery market and large-scale application like
smart grid energy storage, room-temperature sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have received much attention due to
the abundant Na resource, low cost and similar electrochemistry of Na to Li.[1,2] Among a myriad of anode
materials, phosphorus (P) has been considered a promising candidate for SIBs owing to the ultrahigh
theoretical specific capacity of 2596 mAh g-1[3] and a relatively safe working potential of ~ 0.45 V vs.
Na/Na+.[4]
In this work, a facile and effective approach is developed to synthesize hollow, porous carbon
nanosphere/phosphorus (HPCNS/P) composites as anodes for high performance SIBs where the red P s fully
encapsulated within the hollow porous carbon nanosphere (HPCNS) matrix by vaporization-condensation.
The strong chemical bonds formed between the HPCNSs and red P maintain excellent electrical contacts and
stabilize the solid electrolyte interphase layer. The hierarchical mesopores of the HPCNS matrix not only
enhance the electrolyte permeation and Na+ ion transport, but also effectively accommodate the volume
expansion of red P upon sodiation. These ameliorating structural features give rise to exceptional structural
stability of the electrode as proven by the in situ TEM examination. The HPCNS/P anode delivers an excellent
reversible capacity of ~ 2000 mAh g-1 (based on the net mass of P) over 300 cycles at 0.1 A g-1 and excellent
capacity retention of over 76 % after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A g-1. The simple, versatile
synthesis approach and the excellent electrochemical performance of HPCNS/P anodes shed new insights into
rational design of insulating phosphorus-based SIB anodes with large volume expansion.
Reference
[1]
H. Kim, H. Kim, Z. Ding, M. H. Lee, K. Lim, G. Yoon, K. Kang, Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 1600943.
[2]
N. Yabuuchi, K. Kubota, M. Dahbi, S. Komaba, Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 11636.
[3]
C. Zhang, X. Wang, Q. Liang, X. Liu, Q. Weng, J. Liu, Y. Yang, Z. Dai, K. Ding, Y. Bando, J. Tang,
D. Golberg, Nano Lett. 2016, 16, 2054.
[4]
Y. Zhu, Y. Wen, X. Fan, T. Gao, F. Han, C. Luo, S. C. Liou, C. Wang, ACS Nano 2015, 9, 3254.
132
P-28
High efficiency hysteresis-free perovskite solar cells with a solution processed
vanadium oxide (VOx) hole extraction layer
Xiang Yao1)#, Xiong Gong1,2)*
State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China. 2College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of
Akron, OH 44325, USA. E-mail: [email protected],
1
Keywords: Vanadium oxide (VOx), Hole extraction layer, Perovskite solar cells, Solution-processed,
Hysteresis-free.
Perovskite hybrid solar cells (pero-HSCs) have attracted tremendous attention over the past few years
due to distinct properties of the perovskite materials such as extremely long ambipolar carrier diffusion length,
good electrical transport properties, high extinction coefficient, and broad adsorption range along with a
tunable bandgap, etc.[1,2]To attain high performance for p-i-n perovskite hybrid solar cells (pero-HSCs), the
design of hole extraction layer (HEL) and related interfacial engineering are big challenge. Vanadium oxide
(VOx) is a low price material with superior thermal and chemical stability which is widely used as HEL in
photovoltaic devices. The heating process higher than 300 °C is necessary for achieving a certain crystalline
phase for enhancing the electrical conductivity of VOx in the previous works.[3] In our work, we report a
simple way to fabricate a solution processed VOx film based on annealing treatment at 210 °C for 8 minutes in
air. Further, the introduction of self-assembling monomolecular (SAM) surface modification on the VOx film
have enhanced the hole extraction and reduced the change recombination due to the improvements in the
perovskite crystallinity, and the reduction of pinholes and trap states of perovskite layer. The pero-HSCs with
SAM surface modification have achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14% Importantly, the peroHSCs with and without SAM surface modification displayed hysteresis-free.
Scheme 1. the processing of solution processed VOx film based on annealing treatment
Figure 1. J-V curves of the pero-HSCs W/ SAM and the pero-HSCs W/O SAM.
Reference
[1] Green MA, Ho-Baillie A, Snaith HJ. Nature Photonics. 2014, 7, 506.
[2] Quilettes DW, Vorpahl SM, Stranks SD, Nagaoka H, Eperon GE, Ziffer ME, Snaith HJ, Ginger DS.
Science. 2015, 6235, 683.
[3] Xu W, Liu Y, Huang X, Jiang L, Li Q, Hu X, Huang F, Gong X, Cao Y. J Mater Chem C. 2016, 10, 1953
133
P-29
Color-tunable microwave synthesis of cadimum-free ZnS:Cu nanocrystals and
potential application for LEDs
Kui Zhang1,2, #, Shengmei Chen1, Juan Antonio Zapien1, *
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), Department of Physics and Materials Science,
City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 2 Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
1
Keywords: semiconductor nanocrystals; light-emitting diode; microwave irradiation; photoluminescence
Energy-efficient lighting has offered a promising option for energy saving because artificial lighting
globally consumes about 20% of the total electrical energy in the world. Environmentally friendly lightemitting diodes (LEDs) with higher efficiencies, longer lifetimes, and fast response times are considered as
promising light sources to replace the traditional ones such as incandescent or fluorescent lamps.
Semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) as potential converters for LEDs exhibit high photoluminescence quantum
yields (PL QYs), low scattering and good color saturation, compared to traditional phosphors. The NC-LEDs
have been successfully demonstrated by employing the combination of red and green light- emitting CdSe
NCs on blue InGaN/GaN LEDs. However, the toxicity of the cadmium element and the significant selfabsorption and energy transfer in closely packed NCs with small Stokes shifts potentially hinders their
ultimate research transformation and commercialization. Thus, it is necessary to develop the ideal NCs with
low toxicity, high PL QY, and color-tunable emissions for LEDs.
We have synthesized copper-doped zinc sulfide nanocrystals (ZnS:Cu NCs) by using MPA (3mercaptoprop ionic acid) as the stabilizer under microwave irradiation. TEM, XRD and photoluminescence
measurements were employed to study the structure and optical properties of the ZnS:Cu NCs, respectively. It
was found that by varying the microwave irradiation times, the size of nanocrystal could be changed and the
luminescence could be tuned continuously within the range from 500 to 595 nm. Importantly, the LED device
were successfully fabricated by integration of yellow and blue-green ZnS:Cu NCs. The experimental results
indicated low toxic ZnS:Cu NCs could be suitable for solid state lighting.
1.6
Natural
light
(a)
1.4
Normalized PL intensity
1.2
(b)
500 513 525 540 555 580 595
nm UV
light
1.0 Microwave
irradiation time (min)
5
0.8
10
20
30
0.6
45
60
120
0.4
0.2
0.0
400
450
500
550
600
Wavelength (nm)
650
700
Figure. Photoluminescent spectra of ZnS:Cu NCs with color emission, as-prepared NCs-based LED, and the
color coordination of the spectrum on the CIE 1931 color space.
Reference:
1. Knowles, KE; Hartstein, KH; Kilburn, TB; Marchioro, A; Nelson, HD; Whitham, PJ; Gamelin, DR. Chem.
Rev. 116, 10820 (2016).
2. Jang, E; Jun, S; Jang, H; Lim, J; Kim, B; Kim, Y. Adv. Mater. 22, 3076 (2010).
3. Yuan, X; Hua, J; Zeng, RS; Zhu, DH; Ji, WY; Jing, PT; Meng, XD; Zhao, JL; Li, HB. Nanotechnology 25,
435202 (2014).
#
Presenting Author: [email protected]
*
Corresponding Author : [email protected]
134
P-30
Increase the stability of TADF based OLED by using modified carbazole with
tert-butyl and phenyl
Lian Duan*, Yunge Zhang #
Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
Keywords: TADF based OLED, stability, lifetime, modified carbazole.
As the third-generation light emitters for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), thermally activated
delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have shown the prospect of commercialization. Albeit their high
efficiency, the lifetimes of the devices with TADF emitters are still far from satisfaction. Adopting electron
donors and acceptors with good stability are vital to prepare stable TADF emitters, which is crucial to the
OLEDs’ lifetime. One of the most common used electron donors is carbazole, while the 3, 6-position of the
carbazole tend to occur dimerization, hindering the long-term stability of the TADF emitters.
Here, we modified the TADF molecule 2CzPN by introducing inert tert-butyl and phenyl groups to the 3,
6-position of carbazoles (named 2tBuCzPN and 2PHCzPN, respectively), and improved OLED efficiency
along with enhanced OLED stability were achieved simultaneously. The data of cyclic voltammetry showed
that compared with 2CzPN, the electrochemistry stability of 2tBuCzPN and 2PHCzPN were improved.
Besides, 2tBuCzPN and 2PHCzPN exhibited much shorter excited-state lifetimes in doped thin films, because
the substituents on the donors affected the molecular energy levels of the first singlet (S1) and triplet (T1)
excited states in different ways, decreasing the energy gap between S1 and T1 (△EST). The OLEDs based on
2tBuCzPN and 2PHCzPN achieved improved maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 17.0% and
14.0%, respectively (8.5% for 2CzPN), and longer lifetime with T50 of 7.6 h and 13.4 h at 500 cd/m2,
respectively (1.7 h for 2CzPN).
0.00005
0.00005
0.0000
2CzPN-1cycle
2CzPN-2cycle
2CzPN-3cycle
2CzPN-4cycle
2CzPN-5cycle
-0.0001
Current (A)
Current (A)
Current (A)
0.00000
2tBuCzPN-1cycle
2tBuCzPN-2cycle
2tBuCzPN-3cycle
2tBuCzPN-4cycle
2tBuCzPN-5cycle
-0.00005
-0.00010
-0.0002
-1
1
Voltage (V)
0.00000
2PHCzPN-1cycle
2PHCzPN-2cycle
2PHCzPN-3cycle
2PHCzPN-4cycle
2PHCzPN-5cycle
-0.00005
-0.00010
2
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
1.0
Voltage (V)
1.5
2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
1.0
Voltage (V)
1.5
2.0
Figure 1. The cyclic voltammetry spectrum of 2CzPN, 2tBuCzPNtBu, and 2PHCzPNPH.
100
DPEPO-20%2CzPN
DPEPO-30%2tBuCzPN
DPEPO-30%2PHCzPN
2
500cd/m
10
Normalized Intensity
EQE (%)
Luminance (%)
10
1.0
DPEPO-0.3 2CzPN
DPEPO-0.3 GPH
DPEPO-0.4 GTBU
2tBuCzPN-30%
2PHCzPN-30%
2CzPN-20%
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
1
100
1000
Brightness (cd/m2)
1
10000
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
300
Time (h)
400
500
600
700
800
Wavelength (nm)
Figure 2. The B-EQE, lifetime curve, and EL spectrum of 2CzPN, 2CzPNtBu, and 2CzPNPH.
Table 1. The performance data of OLEDs.
EQE
Host:DPEPO
Von
PE
EQE
V
PE
λmax
T50
500cd/m2
1000cd/m2
max
20%2CzPN
8.5%
5.5V
10 lm/W
4.1%
11.6V
2.7 lm/W
494nm
1.66h
30%2tBuCzPN
17%
4.2V
29 lm/W
7.7%
8.6V
8.3 lm/W
518nm
7.6h
30%2PHCzPN
14%
3.8V
33 lm/W
10%
9V
11 lm/W
532nm
13.4h
135
P-31
Hierarchical composite structure of few-layers MoS2 nanosheets supported by
vertical graphene on carbon cloth for lithium ion battery and hydrogen evolution
reaction electrodes
Zhenyu Zhang, # Wenjun Zhang*
Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Department of Physics and Materials Science,
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China.
*
[email protected]
Keywords: Vertical graphene, few-layers MoS2 nanosheets, carbon cloth, hydrogen evolution reaction
A hierarchical composite structure composed of few-layers molybdenum disulfide nanosheets supported
by vertical graphene on conductive carbon cloth (MDNS/VG/CC) for high-performance lithium ion battery
and electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is demonstrated in this work. In the fabrication, 3D
vertical graphene is first prepared on carbon cloth by a micro-wave plasma enhanced chemical vapor
deposition (MPCVD) and then few-layers MoS2 nanosheets are in-situ synthesized on the surface of the
vertical graphene through a simple hydrothermal reaction. The vertical graphene can effectively increase
conductivity and holding active material on current collector, contributing much better cycling performance
than the electrode that without graphene. On the other side, this integrated catalyst exhibits an excellent HER
electrocatalytic activity including an onset potential of 50 mV, an overpotential at 10 mA cm-2 (η10) of 78 mV,
a Tafel slop of 53 mV dec-1, and an excellent cycling stability in acid solution. The excellent electrochemical
performance on both sides can be ascribed to the abundant active edges provided by the vertical MoS2
nanosheets, the effective electron transport route provided by the graphene arrays on the conductive substrate
and it offers robust anchor sites for MoS2 nanosheets and appropriate intervals for electrolyte infiltration.
#
Presenting Author
Corresponding Author
*
136
P-32
A Dual-Ion Battery Constructed with Aluminum Foil Anode and Mesocarbon
Microbead Cathode in an Ionic Liquid Electrolyte
Fan Zhang1,2,#, Bifa Ji2, Xuefeng Tong2, Maohua Sheng2, Yongbing Tang2,*, Chun-Sing Lee1,*
Department of Physics and Materials Science, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF),
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China,
2
Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
1
Keywords: dual-ion battery, aluminum foil anode, mesocarbon microbead cathode, ionic liquid,
alloying/intercalation.
With the expansion of the market of portable electronics and electric vehicles, it is imperative to develop
new-generation batteries with high performances. Dual-ion battery (DIB) has been proposed as a novel energy
storage device with the merits of high safety and environmental friendliness over conventional lithium-ion
batteries. The main difference of working mechanism between DIB and LIB is that both cations (typically Li+)
and anion (such as PF6-) are involved in such DIB for charge transportation and storage, while conventional
LIB involves only Li+ ion. Recently, we reported a novel DIB using an aluminum foil as anode which also
enables the elimination of additional metal current collector and leads to further energy density enhancement
and cost saving.[1] However, similar to most of DIBs, its cycling stability is still limited by decomposition of
the organic electrolyte due to the high working voltages of DIBs. Additionally, organic solvents in the
electrolyte can also co-intercalate into the graphite cathode forming Cn+(solv)yX−,[2] resulting in graphite
exfoliation upon cycling. Herein, we report a novel dual-ion battery constructed with aluminum foil anode and
mesocarbon microbead cathode (Al-MCMB) in an ionic liquid electrolyte with significantly enhanced cycling
stability and rate performance. It was found that the Al-MCMB DIB has a reversible capacity of 98 mAh g-1
after 300 cycles at 0.5 C with negligible capacity decay at a high cut-off voltage of 4.8 V. More importantly,
the energy density of the packaged cell is estimated up to 221 Wh kg-1 at the power density of 109 W kg-1 and
remains 185 Wh kg-1 at 1141 W kg-1, among the best performance of DIBs.
Fig.1 Schematic illustration of charge/discharge processes of the dual-ion battery using Al foil as anode and
MCMB as cathode based on an ionic liquid electrolyte.
References:
[1] X. L. Zhang, Y. B. Tang, F. Zhang, C.-S. Lee, A novel aluminum-graphite dual-ion battery, Adv. Energy.
Mater. 2015, 6, 1502588.
[2] J. A. Read, A. V. Cresce, M. H. Ervin, K. Xu, Dual-graphite chemistry enabled by a high voltage
electrolyte, Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 617.
#
Presenting Author: Fan Zhang
*Corresponding Author: Chun-Sing Lee ([email protected]) and Yongbing Tang ([email protected])
137
P-33
Epitaxy of Layered Orthorhombic SnS-SnSxSe(1-x) Core-Shell Heterostructures with
Anisotropic Photoresponse
Jing Xia and Xiang-Min Meng
Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics
and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
E-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: physical vapor deposition, epitaxy, layered materials, heterostructure, anisotropic photoresponse
Heterostructures are important functional units for modern electronic and optoelectronic
devices such as bipolar transistors, light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and photovoltaic
cells.[1-4]In this talk, I will report synthesis of layered orthorhombic SnS-SnSxSe(1-x)core-shell
heterostructures with well-defined geometry viaatwo-step thermal evaporation method.[5]
Structural characterization reveals that the heterostructures of SnS-SnSxSe(1-x) are inplaneinterconnected and vertically stacked, constructed by SnSxSe(1-x) shell heteroepitaxially
growing on/around the pre-synthesized SnS flake with an epitaxial relationship of
(303)SnS//(033)SnSxSe(1-x), [010]SnS//[100]SnSxSe(1-x). On the basis of detailed morphology,
structure and composition characterizations, a growth mechanism involving heteroepitaxial
growth, atomic diffusion, as well as thermalthinning is proposed to illustrate the formation
process of the heterostructures. In addition, a strong polarization-dependent photoresponse is
found on the device fabricated using the as-prepared SnS-SnSxSe(1-x) core-shell
heterostructure, enabling the potential use of the heterostructuresas functional components for
optoelectronic devices featured with anisotropy.
References:
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
H. Kroemer, P. IEEE. 1982, 70, 13.
S. Nakamura, M. Senoh, T. Mukai, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1993, 62, 2390.
J. Faist, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, C. Sirtori, A. L. Hutchinson, A. Y. Cho, Science 1994, 264, 553.
J. Schrier, D. O. Demchenko, L. W. Wang, Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 2377.
J. Xia, D. D. Zhu, X. Z. Li, L. Wang, L. F. Tian, J. Li, J. Y. Wang, X. Huang, X. M. Meng, Adv. Funct.
Mater. 2016. 26. 4673-4679.
138
List of Participants
139
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Last Name
ADACHI
ALI
BAO
BIAN
CAO
CHAN
CHAN
CHANG
CHELORA VEETIL
CHEN
CHEN
CHEN
CHEN
CHEN
CHEN
CHEN
CHEN
CHENG
CHENG
CHENG
CHO
CHOI
CHU
CUI
CUI
DAI
DUAN
FENG
GAO
GAO
GONG
HAN
HE
HE
HE
HE
HE
HU
HU
HU
HUANG
HYEON
IMAHORI
JEN
JEONG
JIANG
JIANG
KIM
KIM
KIM
KOBAYASHI
KOCH
LAN
LAN
LEE
First Name
Chihaya
Asgher Syed
Bob
Haidong
Ke
Chiu Yee
Rocky Ka Lok
Ching-Hsiang
Jipsa
Chin-Ti
Hongzheng
Hui-Lung
Rui
Shengmei
Wen-Cheng
Xiaodong
Ziming
Huiming
Junye
Yuanhang
Kilwon
Yeon Jun
Fanghui
Jiang
Yi
Zhihui
Lian
Ling
Feng
Libo
Xiong
Dong
Bin
Jr-Hau
Le
Z.R. Ryan
Zhubing
Bin
Junqing
Xiaoqing
Yuan
Taeghwan
Hiroshi
K-Y (Alex)
Jun Hui
Qing-Song
Yang
Jang kyo
Kwang-Burn
Young-Hwan
Masayuki
Norbert
Danni
Minhuan
Chris
Email
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
LEE
Chun-Sing
[email protected]
LEE
LEE
Pui Kit
Tae-Woo
[email protected]
[email protected]
140
Abstract Code
Plenary3.1, 4.3.2
8.1.4, P-01
-5.3.1, P-04
-P-02
-P-03
-4.3.3
7.1.1
P-05
-P-29
6.1.2, P-06
4.2.1
P-07
1.3.1
-P-08, P-16
8.1.1
P-09
-5.2.2
Plenary1.1
6.3.2
4.1.1, 6.1.3, P-30
-8.1.2
P-10
4.3.1, P-28
--2.1.3, P-11
7.2.1
-3.3.2
6.1.1
7.2.2
P-34
-Plenary1.2
1.1.3
3.3.3
P-12
-4.1.2
2.3.2, 5.2.2, P-27
5.3.2, P-09, P-12, P-14
P-14
-3.1.2, 3.3.4
4.2.3, P-15
--4.2.4, 5.1.2, 6.1.2, P-02,
P-06, P-16, P-32
5.2.1
3.3.1
Last Name
LI
LI
LI
LI
LI
LI
LI
LIANG
LIN
LIU
LIU
LIU
LIU
LIU
LO
LU
LU
LU
LUO
MA
MA
MAI
MENG
NAM
NG
OPITZ
PAN
QIN
SHE
SHEN
SHIU
SHRESTHA
SO
SONG
SONG
SONG
SU
SUN
SUN
TAM
TANG
TANG
TANG
THACHOTH
CHANDRAN
TIAN
TONG
TONG
TSANG
TSE
TSUI
TUNG
VOLLMER
WAN
WANG
WANG
WANG
WANG
WANG
WANG
WANG
WANG
First Name
Ho-Wa
Huan-Huan
Lain-Jong (Lance)
Ning
Quan
Yangyang
Yongfang
Duoduo
Zhiqun
Bin
Kevin
Xiao-Ke
Yunqi
Bin
Ming Fai Raymond
Jian
Xiaoying
Yang
Yinqi
Chunqing
Dongxin
Liqiang
Xiangmin
Chunghee
Tsz Wai Karen
Andreas
Xiao-Qing
Chuanjiang
Sandy
Dong
Yi-Jiun
Lok Kumar
Franky
Li
Weiguo
Xiaoxue
Zisheng
Qian
Xinying
Ho Wan
Jianxin
Yongbing
Zhiyong
Email
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Abstract Code
P-08, P-16
5.2.3, P-17
1.2.1
P-01
4.2.3, P-15, P-24
5.3.1
8.1.3
-8.2.3
3.2.4
-5.1.2
2.1.1
P-18
P-02
1.3.2
6.2.3
P-10
P-19
-6.1.3
5.3.3
P-33
P-20
P-02
3.1.2
6.3.1
4.3.2
--P-21
1.2.3
3.1.1
1.3.3
3.2.3
P-22
----4.1.3, P-13
4.2.4, P-32
3.2.1
Hrisheekesh
[email protected]
P-02
Yayuan
Qing-Xiao
Rui
Sai-Wing Stephen
Cheuk Hin Ace
Wai Ching Wilson
Chen-Ho
Antje
Lijun
Aiwu
Chunru
Dan
Hui
Pengfei
Wenhui
Xun
Yiwen
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
-6.1.2
-P-08, P-16
--Plenary2.1, P-18
P-23
Plenary4.1
-3.1.4
2.3.1
-5.1.3
P-15, P-24
2.2.2
P-25
141
Last Name
WANG
WEI
WEI
WONG
WONG
WONG
WU
WU
XIAO
XIE
XIE
XIN
XU
YAN
YAN
YANG
YAO
YAO
YAO
YAO
YIN
YIP
YONG
YOO
YU
YUEN
ZAPIEN
ZENG
ZETTSU
ZHAN
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHANG
ZHAO
ZHAO
ZHAO
ZHENG
ZHI
ZHONG
ZHU
ZHU
ZHU
142
First Name
Ying
Jian
Zhixiang
Fulung
Ken-Tsung
Wai-Yeung
Raymond
Chung-Chih
Shuilin
Xufen
Yusheng
Zengqi
Caroline
Jun
Feng
He
Shihe
Chenyi
Huiying
Shanshan
Xiang
Longwei
Hin-Lap Angus
Kijung
Seunghyup
Denis
Muk Fung
Juan Antonio
Shanshan
Nobuyuki
Yawen
Changjun Alex
Fan
Hua
Jiaolong
Jing-Ping
Kui
Qichun
Rui
Wen-Jun
Xiaolu
Yunge
Zhenyu
Fuwen
Huijun
Shaojing
Zijian
Chunyi
Xinhua
Daoben
Furong
Jia
Email
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Abstract Code
5.1.3
P-13
7.1.2
-3.1.3, 4.1.4
[email protected]
1.1.1
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
4.1.4, P-03, P-21
-5.3.1
-7.1.3, P-19
-6.3.3
2.1.2
8.2.4
4.3.4
-P-26
P-27
P-28
4.2.2
1.1.2, P-07
2.2.1
5.1.1
5.2.1. P-04
P-04
P-29
5.3.1
6.2.2
5.3.1, P-04
-4.2.4, P-32
1.2.2
-5.2.3, P-17
P-29
6.2.1
-2.3.3, P-18, P-31
-P-30
2.3.3, 7.2.2, P-31
3.1.4
2.2.3
-7.2.3
5.2.4
8.2.1
Plenary3.2
3.1.5, 8.1.3, P-01, P-25
3.2.2, P-26
Notepapers
143
Notepapers
144
Notepapers
145
Notepapers
146
Notepape
147
Notepapers
148