Chapter 4
y
•4
CONCLUSION
Oral care market is highly c o m p e t i t i v e and d y n a m i c . T o o t h p a s t e is the m o s t d o m i n a n t oral
care product. T h e r e are t w o major e s t a b l i s h e d brands and f e w small brands in Sri Lankan
scenario.
There are lot o f market research studies c o n d u c t e d
on the c o n s u m e r profile, oral
care
p e r c e p t i o n s and habits, herbal and non herbal toothpaste etc. T h e s o c i o e c o n o m i c a s p e c t s like
dental e d u c a t i o n , dental health facilities in the country are r e a s o n a b l y g o o d .
The s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h e s d o n e o n toothpaste f o r m u l a t i o n are abundant and m o d e r n t o o t h p a s t e
formulation is substantiated by lot o f technical k n o w l e d g e . T h e r e is a reason to add e a c h and
e v e r y raw material
into the formulation and e a c h o f the i n g r e d i e n t s are r e s p o n s i b l e
for
specific attributes.
In s u c h a s c e n a r i o it is o n l y by a c o h e s i v e approach that o n e c o u l d d e v e l o p a n e w t o o t h p a s t e
thai c o u l d potentially capture a c c e p t a n c e o f the v a l u e s e e k i n g c o n s u m e r s . C O R D as illustrated
in f i g 4.1 is an approach that attempts to orientate the w h o l e d e v e l o p m e n t p r o c e s s w i t h a
customer
focus.
It tries to isolate the distinctive
technical
parameters and m e a s u r e
the
importance o f the s a m e in the m i n d o f the c o n s u m e r . T h e n the important parameters are
idemi lied and m a n i p u l a t e d in the laboratory to c o m e up w i t h an o p t i m u m product.
Fig 4.1 CORD Model
51
T h e a b o v e approach
is f o l l o w e d
in d e v e l o p i n g die n e w t o o t h p a s t e and the o u t c o m e
is
p r o m i s i n g . T h e s u r v e y 1 has c o m p a r e d t w o local l e a d i n g brands w i t h an international brand.
T h i s is an attempt to b e n c h mark the local toothpaste brands and then to arrive at the
s i g n i f i c a n c e o f different technical parameters in relation to c o n s u m e r n e e d s .
It w a s this first s u r v e y that m a d e clear that the local toothpaste c o n s u m e r is flavor driven as
o p p o s e d to international c o n s u m e r w h o is benefit driven. It w a s o n l y in parameter related to
flavor that there w a s a significant difference a m o n g three brands. T h i s led to the s e c o n d
s u r v e y w h e r e three different flavors are tested and statistically a n a l y z e d and arrived at the best
flavor.
O n c e the product and the flavors w e r e fixed the approach is to e c o n o m i z e .
CaC03
is the base
material, w h i c h c o n s t i t u t e s a large portion o f the b o d y o f the t o o t h p a s t e currently n o attempts
were m a d e to utilize local C a C O s w h i c h will be s i g n i f i c a n t l y c h e a p e r than the imported
material. T h e r e f o r e a third s u r v e y w a s d o n e to understand the c o n s u m e r reaction to local
C'aC'O;,. It w a s o b s e r v e d o n l y in the a b r a s i v e n e s s that there is a significant d i f f e r e n c e
even
though
is a
in general
local material s c o r e d less than the imported. S i n c e a b r a s i v e n e s s
parameter that c o u l d be adjusted, it is p o s s i b l e to u s e local
CaC03
in the t o o t h p a s t e w i t h o u t a
significant effect on the c o n s u m e r feel. But it n e e d s a lot m o r e study into the technical a s p e c t
o f the local raw material.
In overall the d e v e l o p m e n t o f C O R D p a n e l s s e e m s to be a s u c c e s s f u l e x e r c i s e . T h e p a n n e l i s t s
have
been
able to be s e n s i t i v e e n o u g h to e v a l u a t e and differentiate
between
technical
parameters. T h i s is a useful s y s t e m in order to e v a l u a t e the n e w product as w e l l as the b e n c h
mark and the e x i s t i n g product.
goods
market
where
T h i s s y s t e m is very important to the fast m o v i n g c o n s u m e r
the c o n s u m e r s
are
left
with
variety
of choice
and
therefore
the
manufacturers will h a v e to be a w a r e o f c h a n g i n g c o n s u m e r n e e d s and d e v e l o p a c c o r d i n g l y .
T h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f the toothpaste w i t h the local b a s e material is the u n i q u e part o f this
research.
T h e a p p e a r a n c e and the texture o f the local paste is in par w i t h the paste
of
52
imported raw materials.
T h e panel use for testing this product w a s v e r y useful if this idea to
be carried forward.
The statistical a n a l y s i s o f C O R D data has b e e n very s u c c e s s f u l and useful. T h e u s e o f m i n i t a b
for a n a l y s i s is very user friendly and p r o d u c e lot o f useful c o n c l u s i o n s w i t h statistical proof.
REFERENCE
1.
Org Marg Smart, Clogard
2.
M a r k e t i n g B e h a v i o u r Limited, Project
3.
Marton T.. Oral
4.
Thampapillai C , Journey
5.
WHO
Hygine
Toothpaste,
Products,
Market R e s e a r c h S t u d y by June, 2 0 0 2 .
Sparkle,
Market R e s e a r c h Study, A u g u s t . 2 0 0 1 .
Society o f Cosmetic Scientists, 1995.
of Clograd
Toothpaste,
University of Wales, 2 0 0 2 .
Statistics o f Srilanka., h t t p : / / w v w v . w h o . i n t / s y s m e d i a / p d f / c o u n t r i e s / l k a . p d f ,
20
t h
Oct. 2 0 0 3
6.
W H O Oral Health Country / A r e a Profile P r o g r a m . , h t t p : / / w w w . w h o c o l l a b . o d . m a h . s e /
index.hlml., 2 0
t h
Oct. 2 0 0 3
7.
S c h l o s s m a n M., The chemistry
and manufacture
8.
K n o w l t o n J. and Peerce S., Hand
book
of Cosmetic
r d
of cosmetics.
V o l 11, 3
Science
and Technology,
Edition, 2 0 0 2 .
l
s l
Edition. 1 9 9 3 .
9.
R e s u r r e c c i o n A . . Consumer
10. Kotler P.. Marketing
edition. 1998.
Sensory
Management,
Testing
Analysis,
for Product
Planning,
Development,
Implementation
1998.
and
control,
9
Appendix
v.
i
;i
•4
APPENDIX 1
SURVEY (-STATISTICAL
ANALYSIS
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T w o s a m p l e T for C L O 1 vs SIG 1
1
a
-j ^ -
1
1
N
25
25
•
Mean
3. 920
3.760
StDev
0. 640
0. 597
SE
Mean
0.13
0 . 12
CI for m u C L O 1 -- m u SIG 1: ( - 0 . 1 9 ,
T-Test mu C L O 1 = m u SIG 1 (vs not = ) : T= 0.91
P=0.37
DF=
47
P=0.35
DF=
47
DF=
44
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T w o s a m p l e T for C L O 2 vs SIG 2
CLO
2
''
'Mr
N
25
25
Mean
3. 960
3 .800
StDev
0. 611
0.577
SE
•
Mean
0. 12
0. 12
J1 for mu C L O 2 -- mu SIG 2: ( - 0 . 1 8 ,
':-\s|- mu C L O 2 = mu SIG 2 (vs not =) : T= 0.95
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
'1 w o s a m p l e T for C L O 3 vs SIG 3
CLO 3
S1 c 3
1 '
r
n
— H
1
N
25
25
Mean
3.48
3.840
StDev
1. 05
0. 624
SE M e a n
0 .21
0. 12
JI for mu C L O 3 -- m u SIG 3 : ( - 0 . 8 5 ,
0.13)
f > s t mu C L O 3 = m u SIG 3 (vs not = ) : T= - 1 . 4 8
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Tw..'
'I,o
SIC
simple
N
4 25
4
25
T for CLO 4 vs SIG 4
StDev
Mean
SE M e a n
3.8 00
0. 957
0 . 19
3.560
0. 712
0. 14
95V, CI for mu C L O 4 -- mu SIG 4 : ( •- 0 . 2 4 ,
0 72
T-Test m u C L O 4 = mu SIG 4 (vs not = ) : T= 1 01
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for C L O
Mean
N
CLO 5
3.840
25
SIG 5
3.440
25
5 vs SIG 5
StDev
SE M e a n
0 .800
0.16
0.768
0 . 15
0 .85)
.
9 ' CI for mu C L O 5 -- m u SIG 5:: ( •- 0 . 0 5 ,
I - 7 o s t mu C L O 5 = mu SIG 5 (vs not = ) : T= 1.. 80
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
C 1 , U
SIG
s a m p l e T for C L O
Mean
N
3.440
6
25
6
25
3. 720
6 vs SIG 6
StDev
SE Mean
0 . 768
0 . 15
0 .737
0 . 15
95v. CI for mu C L O 6 - mu SIG 6: ( - 0 . 7 1 ,
T-Test mu C L O 6 = m u SIG 6 (vs not = ) : T=
0.15)
-1.32
P=0.19
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
sample
N
25
; c; /
25
T for CLO 7 vs SIG 7
StDev
Mean
SE M e a n
3. 520
0. 770
0. 15
3 .160
0. 800
0 .16
9 5 ' CI for mu C L O 7 - m u SIG 7: ( - 0 . 0 9 ,
T-Test mu C L O 7 = mu SIG 7 (vs not = ) : T=
0.81)
1.62
P=0.11
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
25
25
CI
T-Test
T for C L O 8 vs SIG 8
StDev
Mean
SE M e a n
3.480
0.770
0 . 15
0 .872
3. 520
0 . 17
for mu C L O 8 - mu SIG 8: ( - 0 . 5 1 ,
0.43)
mu C L O 8 = mu SIG 8 (vs not = ) : T= -0.17
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
P=0.86
Tw>i
SIG
sample
N
9
T for C L O 9 vs SIG 9
Mean
StDev
SE
25
3.240
0.
663
25
3 .480
0.714
Mean
0.
13
0. 14
95
CI for mu C L O 9 - mu SIG 9: ( - 0 . 6 3 ,
0.15)
T-Test mu C L O 9 = m u SIG 9 (vs not = ) : T= - 1 . 2 3
P=0.22
DF=
47
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for C L O 10 vs SIG 10
StDev
N
Mean
SE Mean
0 .O 10 25
0 . 961
0.19
3. 560
S I C 10
3. 360
0. 860
0 . 17
25
T
9^'
CI for mu C L O 10 - m u SIG 1 0 : ( - 0 . 3 2 ,
0.72)
T - i O s t mu C L O 10 = m u SIG 10 (vs not = ) : T= 0.78
P=0.44
DF=
47
CI for mu C L O 11 - m u SIG 1 1 : ( - 0 . 3 2 ,
0.65)
T-Test mu C L O 11 = m u SIG 11 (vs not = ) : T= 0.68
P=0.50
DF=
46
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
CLO
SIG
s a m p l e T for C L O 11 vs SIG 11
StDev
N
Mean
SE M e a n
0.889
0. 18
3 . 040
11
25
0.797
0.16
2 .875
11
24
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
'"'.w
CLO
STG
s a m p l e T for C L O 12 vs SIG 12
Mean
StDev
SE M e a n
N
0. 757
12
25
0. 15
3. 640
12
25
3. 640
0. 700
0.14
95
CI for mu C L O 12 - mu SIG 1 2 : ( - 0 . 4 1 ,
0.41)
T-Test mu C L O 12 = m u SIG 12 (vs not = ) : T= 0.00
P=1.0
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
[
•
'
•
;
.
• s a m p l e T for C L O 13 vs SIG 1 3
N
Mean
StDev
SE M e a n
DF=
47
C L O 13
S I G 13
25
24
3.440
3.042
0.821
0.690
0.16
0.14
^'j.
CI for mu C L O 1 3 - m u SIG 1 3 : ( - 0 . 0 4 ,
T-Test mu C L O 1 3 = mu SIG 1 3 (vs not = ) : T=
0.83)
1.84
P=0.072
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
I'wo s a m p l e T for C L O 14 vs SIG 14
StDev
N
Mean
SE Mean
0.707
25
3 .400
0 . 14
0 .707
25
3. 400
0. 14
•j\>' CI for mu C L O 14 - mu SIG 1 4 : ( - 0 . 4 0 ,
0.40)
T-Test mu C L O 14 = mu SIG 14 (vs not = ) : T= 0.00
P=1.0
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
.w
: l o
•j'.;;
sample
N
15
25
24
15
T for C L O
Mean
3.240
3.42
15 vs SIG -15
StDev
SE M e a n
0.723
0.14
1 . 02
0 .21
95
CI for mu C L O 15 - m u SIG 1 5 : ( - 0 . 6 9 ,
T-Tost mu C L O 15 = mu SIG 15 (vs not = ) : T=
0.33)
-0.70
P=0.49
for mu C L O 16 - mu SIG 16: ( - 0 . 6 2 ,
0.37)
mu C L O 16 = mu SIG 16 (vs not =) : T= -0.52
P=0.61
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for C L O
N
Mean
c i o 16
25
3.040
SIG 16
24
3.167
CI
J'-':- st
16 vs SIG
StDev
0.790
0.917
16
SE
Mean
0.16
0.19
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Tw. • s a m p l e T for C L O 17 vs SIG 17
N
StDev
Mean
SE M e a n
C L O
1 7
47
3 . 000
0 .860
0 . 13
SIG 17
22
3. 091
0. 610
0. 13
0.27)
r r for mu C L O 17 - mu SIG 1 7 : ( - 0 . 4 5 ,
I'-Test mu C L O 17 = m u SIG 17 (vs not =) : T= - 0 . 5 0
P=0.62
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
CLO
STG
s a m p l e T for C L O 18 vs SIG 18
StDev
N
Mean
SE M e a n
18
44
1.03
0.16
2 . 68
18
22
0 . 610
0. 13
2 . 909
CI for mu C L O 18 - mu SIG 1 8 : ( - 0 . 6 3 ,
T-Test mu C L O 18 = m u SIG 18 (vs not = ) : T=
..'TVING w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
0.18)
-1.12
SURVEY
P=0.27
1. MTW
k
T w o S a m p l e T - T e s t a n d C o n f i d e n c e Interval
Two
CLO
SIG
sample
N
5
25
5
25
T
for C L O 5 vs SIG 5
StDev
SE M e a n
Mean
0. 800
3.840
0.16
0. 768
3.440
0 . 15
90 : C I for mu C L O 5 -- m u SIG 5: ( 0.03, 0.77)
T-'!Vsr mu C L O 5 = m u SIG 5 (vs not =) : T= 1.80
S , \ i n q w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
'• N O T E
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
P=0.078
SURVEY
1.MTW
Sl'RVEY 2 - STATISTICAL
ANALYSIS
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
,v»' 1
102
AL 1
102
CI
T for AW
Mean
3.765
3.265
1 vs A L 1
StDev
0.997
0.900
SE
Mean
0.099
0.089
for mu AW 1 - mu A L 1: ( 0 . 2 3 8 ,
0.7 62)
mu AW 1 = mu A L 1 (vs not = ) : T= 3.76
P=0.0002
DF=
199
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two s a m p l e T for A W
N
Mean
AW 1
102
3.765
AU i
102
3.608
1 vs AU 1
StDev
0.997
0.997
SE M e a n
0.099
0.099
95" CI for mu AW 1 - mu AU 1: ( - 0 . 1 1 8 ,
T-Test mu AW 1 = mu AU 1 (vs not = ) : T=
0.432)
1.12
P=0.26
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AL
AU
sample
N
1
102
1
102
T for A L
'
Mean
3.265
3.608
1 vs AU 1
StDev
0.900
0.997
SE
Mean
0.089
0.099
•V.. CI for mu A L 1 - mu AU 1: ( - 0 . 6 0 5 ,
-0.081)
T-Test mu A L 1 = mu AU 1 (vs not = ) : T= -2.58
P=0.011
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
";vn
AW
s a m p l e T for AW 2 vs A L 2
N
Mean
StDev
o102
3. 902
0.777
SE
Mean
0 . 077
DF=
199
AL 2
102
3.176
0.979
0.097
95" CI for mu AW 2 - m u A L 2: ( 0.481,
0.970)
T-Test mu AW 2 = mu A L 2 (vs not = ) : T= 5.86
P=0.0000
DF=
192
DF=
194
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two s a m p l e T for AW 2 vs AU 2
N
Mean
StDev
AW 2
102
3.902
0.777
A! .1 102
3.559
0.950
SE M e a n
0.077
0.094
yS
CI for mu AW 2 - m u AU 2: ( 0.103,
0.583)
T-Test mu AW 2 = m u AU 2 (vs not = ) : T= 2.82
P=0.0052
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T w o s a m p l e T for A L 2 vs AU 2
N
Mean
StDev
AL 2
102
3.176
0.979
Ai
102
3.559
0.950
, SE M e a n
0.097
0.094
CI for mu A L 2 - mu AU 2: ( - 0 . 6 4 9 ,
-0.116)
I-Test mu A L 2 = mu AU 2 (vs not = ) : T= - 2 . 8 3
P=0.0051
Saving w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
* NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
DF=
201
2.MTW
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two s a m p l e T for AW
N
Mean
AW 3
102
3.922
AL 3
102
3.18
3 vs A L 3
StDev
SE M e a n
0 . 951
0.094
1.09.
0.11
". CI for mu AW 3 - mu A L 3: ( 0 . 4 6 2 ,
1.03)
'[-Tost: mu AW 3 = mu A L 3 (vs not =) : T= 5.19
P=0.0000
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
I'vo s a m p l e T for AW
N
Mean
AW 3
102
3.922
AU 3
102
3.36
3 vs AU 3
StDev
0.951
1.01
SE M e a n
0.094
0.10
DF=
198
9,-' CI for mu AW 3 - mu AU 3 : ( 0.288,
0.83)
T-Test mu AW 3 = m u AU 3 (vs not = ) : T= 4 . 0 6
r
P=0.0001
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AL
AU
sample
N
3
.102
1
102
T for A L
Mean
3.18
3.36
3 vs AU 3
StDev
1.09
1.01
SE
Mean
0.11
0.10
.
::i for mu A L 3 - mu AU 3: ( - 0 . 4 8 ,
T-Test mu A L 3 = m u AU 3 (vs not = ) : T=
0.10)
-1.26
P=0.21
DF=
200
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
two
AW
AL
sample
N
4
102
4
102
T for AW 4 vs A L 4
Mean
StDev
3.588
0.999
2.91
1.21
SE
Mean
0.099
0 . 12
''•.J CI for mu AW 4 - m u A L 4 : ( 0.370,
T-Test mu AW 4 = m u A L 4 (vs not = ) : T=
0.98)
4.35
P=0.0000
DF=
194
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
; .„\, s a m p l e T for AW
N
Mean
AW 4
102
3.588
AU 4
102
3.324
4 vs AU 4
StDev
0.999
0.966
SE
Mean
0.099
0.096
95". CI for m u AW 4 - m u AU 4: ( - 0 . 0 0 7 ,
T-Test mu AW 4 = m u AU 4 (vs not = ) : T=
0.536)
1.92
P=0.056
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
•v
-1 102
At: 4
102
T for A L
Mean
2.91
3.324
4 vs AU 4
StDev
1.21
0.966
SE
Mean
0.12
0.096
95
CI for mu A L 4 - mu AU 4: ( - 0 . 7 1 ,
-0.109)
T-Test mu A L 4 = mu AU 4 (vs not = ) : T= -2.68
P=0.0079
DF=
192
viii
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T w o sample
N
AW 5
102
AL 5
102
T for AW
Mean
3.17
2.76
5 vs A L 5
StDev
1.02
1.03
SE
Mean
0.10
0.10
95', CI for mu AW 5 - m u A L 5: ( 0 . 1 2 ,
0.68)
T-Test mu AW 5 = m u A L 5 (vs not = ) : T = 2.81
P=0.0054
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T w o sample
N
L
102
AU 5
102
T for AW
Mean
3.17
3.11
5 vs AU 5
StDev
1.02
1.00
•
SE
Mean
0.10
0.099
r
':'
CI for mu AW 5 - m u AU 5: ( - 0 . 2 2 ,
T-Test mu AW 5 = m u AU 5 (vs not = ) : T=
0.338)
0.42
P=0.68
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
A l , [,
102
A'.' . 102
r
T for A L
Mean
2.76
3.11
5 vs AU 5
StDev
1.03
1.00
SE Mean
0.10
0.099
9!
CI for mu A L 5 - mu AU 5: ( - 0 . 6 2 ,
-0.063)
T-Test mu A L 5 = mu AU 5 (vs not = ) : T = -2.41
P=0.017
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AW
AL
sample
N
6
102
6
102
T for AW
Mean
3.853
3.608
6 vs A L 6
StDev
0.916
0.935
SE
Mean
0.091
0.093
^
CI for mu AW 6 - mu A L 6: ( - 0 . 0 1 1 ,
0.501)
T-Test mu AW 6 = m u A L 6 (vs not = ) : T = 1.89
P=0.060
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
ix
Two
AW
AU
s a m p l e T for AW 6 vs AU 6
N
Mean
StDev
6
102
3.853
0.916
6
102
3.54
1.11
SE M e a n
0.091
0.11
95
CI for m u AW 6 - mu AU 6: ( 0.032,
0.60)
Y-l'^sl- mu AW 6 = mu AU 6 (vs not =) : T= 2.20
P=0.029
DF=
194
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T w o s a m p l e T for A L
N
Mean
AL 6
102
3.608
AU 6
102
3.54
6 vs AU 6
StDev
0.935
1.11
SE M e a n
0.093
0.11
95' CI for mu A L 6 - m u AU 6: ( - 0 . 2 1 5 ,
0.35)
T-Test mu A L 6 = m u AU 6 (vs not = ) : T= 0.48
P=0.63
S a - i n g w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
' M O T E * E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
DF=
196
2.MTW
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
'I w o s a m p l e T for AW
N
Mean
->Y 7
102
3.67
AI
7
102
3.51
7 vs A L 7
StDev
1.01
1.03
SE M e a n
0.10
0.10
95°C CI for m u AW 7 - m u A L 7: ( - 0 . 1 2 ,
0.44)
T-Test mu AW 7 = mu A L 7 (vs not = ) : T= 1.10
P=0.27
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Tw^
4
s a m p l e T for AW 7 vs AU 7
N
Mean
StDev
A!" 7
102
3.67
1.01
AU 7
102
' 3.422
0.949
SE M e a n
0.10
0.094
C I for mu AW 7 - m u AU 7: ( - 0 . 0 3 ,
0.515)
T-Test mu AW 7 = mu AU 7 (vs not = ) : T = 1.79
P=0.075
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
DF=
201
Two
s a m p l e T for A L 7 vs AU 7
N
Mean
StDev
A L
7
1 0 2
A U
7
1 0 2
9 5 V i CI
for
3
.
5
11
3 . 4 2 2
mu
AL
7
.
SE
0
0 . 9 4 9
-
mu
AU
7:
Mean
3
0
.
1
0
0 . 0 9 4
(
- 0 . 1 9 ,
0 . 3 6 2 )
0.64
P = 0 . 5 3
DF=
S tving w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
' NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
2 . MTW
T-Test mu A L
7 = mu AU
7
(vs not = ) : T=
200
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AU
AL
sample
N
H
102
8
102
T for AW
'
Mean
3.08
2.92
8 vs A L 8
StDev
1.11
1.07
SE
Mean
0.11
0.11
95' CI for mu AW 8 - mu A L 8: ( - 0 . 1 4 ,
T-Test mu AW 8 = mu A L 8 (vs not = ) : T=
0.46)
1.03
P=0.30
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T , , ' o sample
N
,-'102
A ' -i 102
1
T for AW 8 vs AU 8
Mean
StDev
3.08
1.11
3.078
0.972
' SE
Mean
0.11
0.096
95' CI for mu AW 8 - mu AU 8: ( - 0 . 2 9 ,
0.287)
T - T e . s t mu AW 8 = mu AU 8 (vs not = ) : T= 0.00
P=1.0
DF=
198
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
AT. S
102
Aa 8
102
T for A L 8 vs AU 8
Mean
StDev
2.92
1.07
3.078
0.972
SE
Mean
0.11
0.096
CI for mu A L 8 - mu AU 8: ( - 0 . 4 4 ,
0.125)
T-Test mu A L 8 = mu AU 8 (vs not = ) : T= - 1 . 1 0
P=0.27
Saving w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
* NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
DF=
200
2.MTW
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
xi
I
< .sample T for AW
N
Mean
AW 9
102
3.343
AU 9
102
3.304
9 vs AU 9
StDev
0.884
0.910
SE
Mean
0.088
0.090
95'. CI for mu AW 9 - mu AU 9: ( - 0 . 2 0 8 ,
T-Test m u AW 9 = mu AU 9 (vs not = ) : T=
0.287)
0.31
P=0.76
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AW
AL
s a m p l e T for AW
N
Mean
9
102
3.343
9
102
3.09
9 vs A L 9
StDev
SE M e a n
0.884
0.088
1.14.
0.11
CI for mu AW 9 - mu A L 9: ( - 0 . 0 2 8 ,
I-Test mu AW 9 = mu A L 9 (vs not = ) : T=
0.54)
1.78
P=0.077
DF=
189
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AU
AL
s a m p l e T for AU
N
Mean
9
102
3.304
9
102
3.09
9 vs A L 9
StDev
0.910
1.14
SE
Mean
0.090
0.11
95- CI for mu AU 9 - m u A L 9: ( - 0 . 0 7 0 ,
T-'Iest mu AU 9 = mu A L 9 (vs not =) : T=
0.50)
1.49
P=0.14
Savincf w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
' i Y I K
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
DF=
192
2. M T W
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Yw\) s a m p l e T for AW 10 vs A L 10
N
Mean
StDev
AW ! 0
102
4.029
0.826
AL 10
102
3.59
1.10
SE
Mean
0.082
0.11
95': CI for mu AW 10 - mu A L 1 0 : ( 0.172,
T-Test mu AW 10 = mu A L 10 (vs not = ) : T=
0.71)
3.23
P=0.0014
DF=
187
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
xii
Two
sample T
N
for AW 1 0 vs AU 1 0
Mean
StDev
SE
Mean
AW
10
1 0 2
4 . 0 2 9
0 . 8 2 6
0 . 0 8 2
AS
10
1 0 2
3 . 7 3 5
0 . 9 1 1
0 . 0 9 0
95
CI
T-Tesu
for
mu
mu AW
AW
1 0
-
mu
1 0 = m u AU
AU
1 0
1 0 :
( 0 . 0 5 4 , 0 . 5 3 4 )
(vs not = ) : T= 2 . 4 2
P = 0 . 0 1 7 DF=
2 0 0
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for A L 10 vs AU 10
N
Mean
StDev
Al. 1 0
102
3.59
1.10
AU 10
102
3.735
0.911
SE
Mean
0.11
0.090
95V, CI for mu A L 10 - mu AU 1 0 : ( - 0 . 4 3 ,
0.132)
T - T e s t mu A L 10 = mu AU 10 (vs not = ) : T = -1.04
P=0.30
OavLng w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
' NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
DF=
195
2. M T W
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AW
AL
s a m p l e T for AW 11 vs A L 11
N
Mean
StDev
11
102
3.824
0.927
11
102
3.382
0.965
SE
Mean
0.092
0.096
95\, CI for mu AW 11 - mu A L 1 1 : ( 0.180,
0.702)
T-Test mu AW 11 = m u A L 11 (vs not = ) : T= 3.33
P=0.0010
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T A - s a m p l e T for AW 11 vs AU 11
N
Mean
StDev
11
102
3.824
0.927
AO 11
102
3.520
0.909
SE
Mean
0.092
0.090
95
CI for mu AW 11 - m u AU 1 1 : ( 0.050,
0.557)
T - T e s t mu AW 11 = mu AU 11 (vs not = ) : T= 2.36
P=0.019
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
xiii
;v:<! s a m p l e T for A L 1 1 vs AU 1 1
N
Mean
StDev
AL 1 1
102
3.382
0.965
AU 11
102
3.520
0.909
SE
Mean
0.096
0.090
95
CI for mu A L 1 1 - m u AU 1 1 : ( - 0 . 3 9 6 ,
0.122)
T-Test mu A L 1 1 = m u AU 1 1 (vs not = ) : T= - 1 . 0 5
P=0.30
DF=
201
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for AW 1 2 vs A L 1 2 '
N
Mean
StDev
SE
Mean
/"•;•• o :
102
3.04
I.IO
o.ii
Ai, 12
102
3.10
1.10
0.11
9'i
CI for mu AW 1 2 - mu A L 1 2 : ( - 0 . 3 6 ,
0.25)
'I-Test mu AW 1 2 = m u A L 1 2 (vs not =) : T= - 0 . 3 8
P=0.70
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for AW 12 vs AU 12
N
Mean
StDev
AW 12
102
3.04
1.10
A:: 12
102
3.324
0.892
SE
Mean
0.11
0.088
95'
CI for mu AW 12 - m u AU 1 2 : ( - 0 . 5 6 ,
• l - ' " o s t mu AW 12 = mu AU 12 (vs not =) : T=
-0.008)
-2.03
P=0.044
DF=
193
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
AL
AU
s a m p l e T for A L 12 vs AU 12
N
Mean
StDev
12
102
3.10
1.10
12
102
3.324
0.892
SE
Mean
0.11
0.088
l
''i> CI for mu A L 12 - mu AU 1 2 : ( - 0 . 5 0 ,
0.052)
T-Tost mu A L 12 = mu AU 12 (vs not = ) : T= - 1 . 6 0
P=0.11
Saving
' Y'CTt:
w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
DF=
193
2.MTW
T w o S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
T for AW
13 vs A L
13
xiv
AW
AL
13
13
N
102
102
Mean
3.16
3.20
StDev
1.07
1.05
SE
Mean
0.11
0.10
-'5 CI for mu AW 13 - mu A L 1 3 : ( - 0 . 3 3 ,
0.25)
T-Test mu AW 13 = mu A L 13 (vs not = ) : T= - 0 . 2 6
P=0.79
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two s a m p l e T for AW 13 vs AU 13
N
Mean
StDev
AW 13
102
3.16
1.07
AU 13
102
3.46
1.03
SE
Mean
0.11
0.10
9:- CT for mu AW 13 - mu AU 1 3 : ( - 0 . 5 9 ,
-0.01)
T-Test mu AW 13 = mu AU 13 (vs not = ) : T= -2.07
P=0.040
DF=
201
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for A L 13 vs AU 13
N
Mean
StDev
AL 13
102
3.20
1.05
Al' 13
102
3.4 6
1.03
SE
Mean
0.10
0.10
95-i CI for mu A L 13 - m u AU 1 3 : ( - 0 . 5 5 ,
0.02)
T-Test mu A L 13 = m u AU 13 (vs not = ) : T= - 1 . 8 1
Saving w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
•' NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
P=0.071
SURVEY
2.MTW
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
s a m p l e T for AW 14 vs A L 14
N
Mean
StDev
AW 14
102
3.62
1.3 9
Al. 14
102
3.33
1.47
SE
Mean
0.14
0.15
9 5'. CI for m u AW 14 - m u A L 14 : ( - 0 . 1 1 ,
T-Test mu AW 14 = mu A L 14 (vs not = ) : T=
0.68)
1.42
P=0.16
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two s a m p l e T for AW 14 vs AU 14
N
Mean
StDev '
SE
Mean
xv
AW
AU
14
14
102
102
3. 62
3. 56
1. 39
1. 39
0.14
0.14
CT for mu AW 14 - mu AU 1 4 : ( - 0 . 3 2 ,
0.44)
T-Test mu AW 14 = mu AU 14 (vs not = ) : T= 0.30
P=0.76
DF=
201
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
T w s a m p l e T for A L 14 vs AU 14
N
Mean
StDev
A T 14
102
3.33
1.47
AU 14
102
3.56
1.39
SE
Mean
0.15
0.14
95^ CI for mu A L 14 - mu AU 1 4 : ( - 0 . 6 2 ,
0.17)
T-Test mu A L 14 = mu AU 14 (vs not = ) : T= -1.13
Saving w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
•'• NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
P=0.26
SURVEY
DF=
201
2.MTW
A
xvi
TABULATED STATISTICS
Rows: preaw
Columns
Haw
2
All
1
1
All
21 57
22
13.73
14
35.29
36
13 73
14
50.98
52
64.71
66
35 29
36
64.71
66
: 00.00
102
Chi-Square = 16.238, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.000
Cell Contents - '/. of Tbl
Count
TABULATED STATISTICS
Rows: Appaw
Columns : Haw
1
2
1
18.63
19
17.65
18
36.27
37
2
16.67
17
47.06
48
63.73
65
All
35.29
36
64.71
66
100.00
102
All
Chi-Square = 6.555, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.010
Cell Contents - -
X of Tel
Count
TABULATED STATISTICS
Rows: Poapaw
Columns: Haw
1
All
2
1
22 55
23
18 61l'r
41. 18
42
2
12 75
13
46 0E
58.82
60
All
35 29
36
64 71
66
100.00
102
Chi-Square = 11.849, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.001
Cell Contents - -
Z of Tbl
Count
xvii
TABULATED STATISTICS
Rows:
1
2
All
preAL
Columns:
HAL
1
2
All
41.18
32.35
73.53
42
33
75
1.96
2
24.51
25
26.47
27
43.14
44
56.86
58
100.00
102
Chi-Square
Cell
= 19.111,
Contents
DF = 1 , P - V a l u e
= 0.000
-of Tbl
Count
'A
TABULATED STATISTICS
R o w s : AppAL
1
2
All
14AL
1
2
All
37.25
13.73
50.98
38
14
52
5.88
6
43.14
44
49.02
50
43.14
44
56.86
58
100.00
102
Chi-Square
Cell
Columns:
= 38.766,
Contents
DF = 1 , P - V a l u e
= 0.000
--
V. o f T b l
Count
TABULATED STATISTICS
R o w s : POAL
Columns
14AL
1
2
All
1
40.20
41
10.78
11
50.98
52
2
2.94
3
46.08
47
49.02
50
4 3 . 14
44
56.86
58
100.00
102
All
Chi-Square
Cell
= 5 5 . 1 4 5 , DF = 1 , P - V a l u e
Contents
= 0.000
--
X of Tbl
Count
XVIII
TABULATED STATISTICS
Rows:
PreAU
Columns:
14AU
1
2
All
28.43
24.51
52.94
29
25
54
2
10.78
11
36.27
37
47.06
48
All
39.22
40
60.78
62
100.00
102
1
Chi-Square
Cell
= 1 0 . 1 0 5 , DF = 1, P - V a l u e
Contents
= 0.001
-% of Tbl
Count
TABULATED STATISTICS
R o w s : AppAU
Columns:
14AU
1
2
All
28.43
17.65
46.08
29
18
47
2
10.78
11
43.14
44
53.92
55
All
39.22
40
60.78
62
100.00
102
1
Chi-Square
Cell
= 18.490,
Contents
DF = 1, P - V a l u e
= 0.000
--
v. o f T b l
Count
TABULATED STATISTICS
Rows:
PostAU
Columns:
14AU
All
1
2
1
28 4 3
29
13 7 3
14
4 2 . 16
43
2
10 7 8
11
47 06
48
57.84
59
All
39 22
40
60 78
62
100.00
102
Chi-Square
Cell
= 24.847,
Contents
DF = 1, P - V a l u e
= 0.000
--
X of Tbl
Count
XIX
SURVEY 3-STATISTICAL
ANALYSIS
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
A 1
43
43
.' \ .
J.
T for A 1 vs A2 1
StDev
Mean
0. 621
4 .256
0.873
4 . 000
SE
Mean
0. 095
0 . 13
9 5 % CI for m u A 1 - m u A2 1: .( - 0 . 0 7 0 ,
T-Test m u A 1 = m u A2 1 (vs not = ) : T=
0.58)
1.57
P=0.12
DF=
75
0.34)
0.15
P=0.88
DF=
83
DF=
81
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two sample
N
A 2
43
A2 2
43
T for A 2 vs A2 2
Mean
StDev
3. 721
0. 766
0.708
3. 698
SE
Mean
0.12
0 .11
9 5 * CI for m u A 2 - m u A2 2: ( - 0 . 2 9 ,
T-Test mu A 2 = mu A 2 2 (vs not = ) : T=
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
s a m p l e T for A 3 vs A2 3
N
Mean
StDev
A 3
43
3.907
0. 921
0.764
A2 3
43
3.814
Two
SE M e a n
0.14
0.12
9 5 % CI for m u A 3 -- m u A 2 3: ( - 0 . 2 7 ,
0 46)
T-Test m u A 3 = mu A2 3 (vs not = ) : T= 0 51
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two sample
N
A 4
43
A2 4
43
T for A 4 vs A 2 4
Mean
StDev .
0.747
4 . 326
4 . 465
0. 702
SE M e a n
0.11
0. 11
9 5 % CI for m u A 4 -- m u A 2 4: ( - 0 . 4 5 ,
0. 17)
T-Test mu A 4 = m u A 2 4 (vs not = ): T= - 0 . 8 9
XX
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
A 5
43
A2 5
43
T for A 5 vs A 2 5
StDev
Mean
0.852
4 .419
0. 782
4.233
SE
Mean
0.13
0.12
9 5 % CI for m u A 5 - m u A 2 5: ( - 0 . 1 6 ,
T-Test mu A 5 = m u A 2 5 (vs not = ) : T=
0.54)
1.06
P=0.29
S a v i n g w o r k s h e e t in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
* NOTE
* E x i s t i n g file r e p l a c e d .
SURVEY
DF=
83
3.MTW
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
s a m p l e T for A 6 vs A 2 6
StDev
N
Mean
4
.
116
0. 905
A 6
43
3. 884
0. 851
A2 6
43
Two
SE
Mean
0.14
0. 13
9 5 % CI for m u A 6 - m u A 2 6: ( - 0 . 1 4 ,
T-Test m u A 6 = m u A 2 6 (vs not = ) : T=
0.61)
1.23
P=0.22
DF=
83
0.53)
1.07
P=0.29
DF=
83
T W O S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
TWO ;sample T for A 7 vs A2 7
Mean
StDev
N
A 7
43
4 .419
0.763
0.841 .
A2 7
43
4 . 233
SE
Mean
0.12
0.13
9 5 % CI for m u A 7 - m u A 2 7: ( - 0 . 1 6 ,
T - T e s t m u A 7 = mu A 2 7 (vs not = ) : T=
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
A 8
43
A2 8
43
c
»5~ C I
T-Test
T for A 8 vs A 2 8
StDev
Mean
4 .442
0.734
4 . 000
0. 926
SE
Mean
0.11
0 .14
for mu A 8 -- mu A 2 8: ( 0. 0 8 ,
m u A 8 = m u A 2 8 (vs not = ) : T=
XXI
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
r v\ o s a m p l e
N
A 9
43
A2 <3
43
T for A 9 vs A 2 9
StDev
Mean
4 . 047
0. 975
3. 977
0.831
SE
Mean
0.15
0.13
95> CI for m u A 9 - m u A 2 9: ( - 0 . 3 2 ,
0.46)
T-Test m u A 9 = mu A 2 9 (vs not = ) : T= 0.36
P=0.72
DF=
81
T W O S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
y
sample
N
A 10
43
A2 10
43
T for A 10 vs A 2 10
StDev
Mean
0.870
4 . 349
1.06
3. 93
SE
Mean
0. 13
0 .16
95"-. CI for m u A 10 - m u A2 1 0 : ( 0.00,
0.83)
'.-Test m u A, 10 = m u A 2 10 (vs not =) : T= 2.01
P=0.048
DF=
81
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
A
sample
N
All
43
A2 11
43
T for A 11 vs A 2 11
StDev
Mean
0 . 985
4 . 070
1. 09
3 . 77
SE
Mean
0 .15
0. 17
9 5 * CI for mu A 11 - m u A 2 1 1 : ( - 0 . 1 4 ,
T-Test m u A 11 = m u A 2 11 (vs not = ) : T=
0.75)
1.35
P=0.18
DF=
83
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
i
sample
N
A 12
43
A2 12
43
T for A 12 vs A 2 12
StDev
Mean
0. 700
4 . 558
0 . 826
4 . 279
SE
Mean
0. 11
0.13
9 5 % CI for m u A 12 - m u A 2 1 2 : ( - 0 . 0 5 ,
T-Test mu A 12 = m u A 2 12 (vs not = ) : T=
0.61)
1.69
P=0.095
DF=
81
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
xxii
Two sample
N
A 13
43
T for A 13 vs A 2 13
StDev
Mean
0.842
4 . 349
1.07
3. 95
A2 13
43
95'^ CI
for m u A 13 - m u A2
T
'?•':•?I
mu A 13 = mu A2
13:
13
SE
Mean
0.13
0.16
( -0.02,
0.81)
(vs not =) : T=
1.91
P=0.060
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two sample
N
A 14
43
A2 14
43
T for A 14 vs A 2 14
StDev
Mean
4.419
0. 626
0. 715
4 . 326
SE
Mean
0. 095
0.11
9 5 % CI for mu A 14 - m u A 2 1 4 : ( - 0 . 1 9 5 ,
0.38)
T-Test m u A 14 = m u A 2 14 (vs not = ) : T= 0.64
P=0.52
DF
TWO S A M P L E T - T E S T AND CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
Two
sample
N
A 15
43
A 2 15
43
T for A 15 vs A2 15
StDev
Mean
0 .754
4 . 163
0. 840
4 . 093
SE
Mean
0. 11
0.13
9 5 % CI for m u A 15 - m u A 2 1 5 : ( - 0 . 2 7 ,
0.41)
T-Test mu A 15 = m u A 2 15 (vs not = ) : T= 0.41
P=0.69
Saving
°
NOTE
worksheet
in f i l e : C : \ S r i h a n \ M B A \ S T A T
* Existing
file
replaced.
SURVEY
DF
3.MTW
APPENDIX 2
Q u e s t i o n e r for S u r v e y 1 & 3
PRODUCT EVALUATION SHEET FOR THE TOOTHPASTE
Grading
...
1. V e r y P o o r
2. P o o r
3.Average
Parameter
4.Good
5.Very G o o d
Marks
E a s i n e s s to take o f f the tube
2
A p p e a r a n c e o f the paste ( c o l o r )
T h i c k n e s s o f the paste
4
f r a g r a n c e o f the paste
5
D e g r e e o f the taste at the b e g i n n i n g
6
Level o f f o a m c o m i n g w h e n brushing
7
D e g r e e o f the taste w h i l e brushing
S
D e g r e e o f the s o f t n e s s w h e n brushing
9
T h i c k n e s s o f the paste in the m o u t h
10
D e g r e e o f the taste after w a s h i n g
1 1
Retention o f the taste after brushing
12
E f f e c t i v e n e s s o f r e m o v i n g bad breath.
13
R e t e n t i o n o f fresh breath after brushing
14
C l e a n i n g p o w e r o f the t o o t h p a s t e
15
A b i l i t y o f toothpaste to w h i t e n i n g the teeth
i
V-
Q u e s t i o n e r for S u r v e y 2
RefNo:
Date:
Product:
PRODUCT EVALUATION SHEET FOR TOOTHPASTE
Name:
Address:
Contact N o :
Grading:
1 V e r y Poor
2 Poor
3 Average
4 Good
5 Very Good
( P l e a s e e v a l u a t e the g i v e n product c o m p a r i n g w i t h S i g n a l )
Parameter
No
1 "
Fragrance level o f the paste
2
D e g r e e o f the taste at the b e g i n n i n g
.i
Level o f mint flavor at the b e g i n n i n g
4
Level o f hot f e e l i n g at the
5
D e g r e e o f the s w e e t n e s s at the b e g i n n i n g
6
Degree of freshness while bushing
r
7
t
beginning
D e g r e e o f m o u t h c o o l i n g w h i l e brushing
8
D e g r e e o f s w e e t n e s s w h i l e brushing
9
Level o f the hot f e e l i n g w h i l e brushing
10
Level o f the f r e s h n e s s after w a s h i n g
1 1
Level o f m o u t h c o o l i n g after w a s h i n g
12
f e c i o f the nasal c o o l i n g after w a s h i n g
13
R e t e n t i o n o f freshness in m o u t h
14
H o w d o y o u prefer this product c o m p a r e d w i t h signal
Grading