Semester2
BenchmarkI Study Guide
DNA and Genes
1. What happensin DNA replication?WheredoesDNA replicationtakeplace?
2. Which type of RNA is involved in replication?
3. What is the subunitof DNA?
4. what arethe 3 partsof a nucleotide
of DNA?
5 Whatarethe4 nitrogenbasesin DNA?
basepairs)?
6. Which onesbondtogether(complimentary
1 What shapeis a DNA molecule?
8. What scientists
the shapeof DNA?
determined
\l/here
9.
in the cell is DNA found?
I 0 W h a ti s t h e s u b u n i ot f R N A ?
1l. Whatarethe 3 partsof a nucleotideof RNA?
12.What arethe 4 nitrogenbasesin RNA?
13.Which onesbond together?
14.Whereis RNA made? What arethe 3 typesof RNA?
I 5. What is thejob of eachtype of RNA?
16.Whereis eachtype of RNA foundin the cell?
17.ilow areDNA and RNA similar?Different?
18.What areribosomesmadeup of? What do ribosomesdo?
19.Wheredoesproteinsynthesisstart? Wheredoesproteinsynthesisend?
20.\trrhat
happensin transcription?
21. Wherein the cell doestranscription
takeplace?Whattypeof RNA is involvedin
transcription'7
22. What happensin translation?Wherein the cell doestranslationoccur?
23, What typesof RNAs are involvedin translation?Be ableto identify in a picture,
24. What is a rnutation?
25. What is a point mutation? What is a frameshift mutation? What typesof mutationsarethese?
26. Whatis translocation?
27. What is a mutagen?Give someexamples.
28. What is a codon? Whereis it found?
29. What is an anticodon?Where is it found?
30. What is a peptidebond? What do theyhold together?
3 i . During replication,what is the complimentarystrandof DNA if the original strandis CAA
TAG ACT?
32. What is the mRNA strandif the originalDNA is CAA TAG ACT? IRNA?
33. Usingthe mRNA codonchart,what is the aminoacid sequenceto question36 above?
i4 If the nrorein/rmino acid sequence)
whatarethe
is methionine-glutamate-phenylalanine-stop,
DNA?
corresponding
IRNA, mRNA, andoriginal
plasmid.recombinant
DNA, transgenic
35.Vocabulary:clone,genesplicing,geneticengineering,
organism,genetherapy,humangenome
36. Explainhow genetherapyis usedto treata personwith cystic fibrosis.
37.List ali the applications
of geneticengineering.
38. How aretransgenicorganismscreated?List stepsinvolved.
39. Horv are transgenicbacteriausedin medicine?
q0 List all the thingsthat plantsare beinggeneticallyengineered
to do.