Sun Yixian's Contribution to the Ending of Manzhu
Rule in 1911
by Lillian Bonar
Essay: Sun Yixian's Contribution to the Ending of Manzhu Rule in 1911
Pages: 11
Rating: 3 stars
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Sun Yixian's Contribution to the Ending of Manzhu Rule in 1911
Introduction
-----------The 1911 Revolution was so important in the Chinese history that it
ended the thousand-year-old absolute monarchyå›ä¸»å°ˆåˆ¶ and opened a new
era. The KMT國民黨 followers liked calling Dr. Sun the "Father of
Nation國父", as if the birth of the Chinese republic was mainly his
contribution. Let's evaluateè¡¡é‡ how far Dr. Sun really led to the
success of the 1911 Revolution.
Main Body
--------A. Dr. Sun's role:
Like Lenin, Dr. Sun was mainly engaged從事 in the preparation準備工作 and
aftermath善後 of the Revolution, rather than in actual fighting.
I. Role as thinkeræ€æƒ³å®¶, propagandist宣傳家 and fund-raiser籌款人: He was the
first one who advocatedæ倡 for a modern revolution in China in order to
build up a Chinese nation-state with popular sovereignty主權在民.
build up a Chinese nation-state with popular sovereignty主權在民.
a. Inspirational激勵性Oathå£è™Ÿ: "Expel the Manzhu, restore the Chinese
rule, establish a republic, equalize land
ownership驅除韃虜ã€æ¢å¾©ä¸­è¯ã€å‰µç«‹æ°‘國ã€å¹³å‡åœ°æ¬Š"made the revolutionary goal clear Ã
many
followers.
b. Three Principles of the People (sanmin zhuyi三民主義) refer to
nationalism, democracy (people's rights) and livelihood. These made up
a basic revolutionary ideologyæ„識形態after 1905 à popular support
i. Nationalism (minzu zhuyiæ°‘æ—主義): anti-Manzhu nature à widely echoed回應
ii. Democracy (minquan zhuyi民權主義): noble高尚 idealç†æƒ³ (but few people
understood except the literati知識份å­)
iii. Livelihood (minsheng zhuyi民生主義): attractive (but difficult to
implemen...
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