InCognito For your monthly study-related needs and feeds. April 2016 Suggestions, feedback or comments? Let us know at [email protected]. Brains Abroad: Rik Ubaghs at Duke A small ray of sunshine falls through the blinds; the overwhelming sound of the forest critters outside the window fills my room, it is 7:00 am in the beautiful city of Durham. Every morning I feel like I’m back at my parents house in their small southern village in the Netherlands, but then I remember I’m at Duke, the University in the Woods. I wake up, and after a huge American breakfast, failed attempt to do pushups, and a quick shower, I am ready to leave for the lab. I could easily take a bus to the central campus, but walking through the Duke Gardens seems like a better idea. After a short 20-minute walk, I see a large building emerge over the trees. It must be the Chapel; I have entered the Duke campus. The first things I notice once I enter the Duke Center for Neuroengineering (DCNE) is not the grad student who probably stayed overnight and is taking a nap at his desk, but the silence in the hallways. I am one of the only people at the lab, and will be until at least 11 am. This characterizes the mindset at the DCNE. People are more productive when they have no restrictions or obligations. This seems like a great idea at first, but putting smart, motivated people in a lab with virtually no limits on their creativity can be a very dangerous combination. In the past, researchers at the DCNE On the way to Duke Chapel have had some ideas that could be considered ‘out there’. For example, just a few weeks ago we made controversial headlines with experiments that gave rats a sixth sense using infrared sensors and taught monkeys to ride brain-controlled wheelchairs. “My job is to get LFP recordings to work and do ‘something cool’ with the recordings - Rik Ubaghs This freedom also transfers to the students in the lab. At the DCNE, students are seen as knowledgeable individuals, with the know-how and curiosity to lead their own project. Help is limited, and ultimately the student is in charge. This can be overwhelming in the beginning, and you can easily become lost. For example, on my first day at the DCNE I was told there was some old hardware that was capable of measuring Local Field Potentials (LFP), but hadn’t been used since 2005. Nobody was sure whether it still worked, or how to use it… My job was to get it to work and do ‘something cool’ with the recordings. The whole meeting lasted about 10 minutes, after which my supervisor left and I was set free in the lab. It is very intimidating to roam the halls of a new place without any sense of direction or idea about what to do. You don’t know where to sit, who to ask for help, or what equipment you are allowed to handle. It took me a few days, but once I realized that I could virtually do whatever I wanted, I started to explore. I slowly started to feel like I could actually contribute new ideas and skills to the DCNE, and the feeling of being lost quickly disappeared. Now I’m working on my own project, finding new ways to optimize the electrophysiological signals measured from the brain in order to guide a BrainMachine interface (BMI). We are using the phase properties of the LFP at certain bandwidths to extract spiking information that seems most relevant to the task. I think my experiences at Duke and the DCNE are very common for research internships, especially those abroad. Maybe supervisors don’t pay us enough attention or we are working on these big, intimidating projects in fields we are just starting to explore; we feel like we are being thrown into the deep without anyone to help us… But I think this is something we need to embrace as well. Supervisors don’t know everything, we can (quickly) learn the important things if we set our minds to it, and we definitely possess the skills to become good at what we do. Most importantly, internships provide the perfect opportunities to explore new fields, develop new ideas, and learn to work independently; we just need to remember that we are here for a reason, and we are here to learn. At the end of the day I decide to walk past Krzyzewskiville or K-ville according to the cool kids. Wearing even the slightest hint of blue means I get greeted by various groups of students shouting “Go Blue Devils”. K-ville is the perfect example of the ‘Work hard, Play hard’ mentality conceived and religiously followed by the students and staff at Duke. It’s a small patch of land filled with even smaller tents, broken wine bottles, and passed out undergrads, all waiting in line to get tickets to our basketball game against UNC (Booo UNC!! Booo!!). This description of K-ville makes it sound like ‘Work hard, Play hard’ is synonymous with ‘work all day, party all night’, but this is definitely not the whole story. Every Duke student will tell you that it also means ‘love what you do, and do what you love’. And feeling the energy at K-ville after a hard day of work at the DCNE, I believe it is not the worst thing to pursue. Page 1 Events Drinks @ CREA Every Tuesday, 21:00-late New Realism: The Gaze of Science 1 April-8 May, 10:00-17:00, Café Maslow Exhibition bringing together artists and scientists to experiment with ways of seeing that go beyond the limits of our imagination. Amsterdam Data Science Coffee 15 April, 9:00-12:00, VU Computer Science M143 Network of 300 scientists exchanging Data Science knowledge and forging partnerships within and outside academic community. The theme of this event is Infrastructures. Maagdenhuis Debate 5: In research funding, does money talk? 14 April, 17:30-19:00, Maagdenhuis Current state of research funding, influence of the private sector, government’s vision for protecting public interests, and the future direction of academic research funding. Public PhD Defence: Planning skills in adolescents with ADHD 15 April, 12:00-13:00, Agnietenkapel Bianca Boyer discusses assessment and treatment of planning skills in adolexcents with ADHD. ABC Colloquium: Rogier Kievit 29 April, 16:00-17:00, location TBA A model for age-related differences in executive functions, integrating links between fluid intelligence, white matter integrity, and processing speed. ABC Symposium: Is sin original? 3 May, 8:45-20:30, REC M1.03 Neural, cognitive, and social underpinnings of human cooperation. ABC Lecture: Robert Stickgold 10 May, 16:00-18:00, REC M1.01 Sleep, memory and dreams: cognitive neuroscience approach. a InCognito Alumnus Profile: Esther van Duin Esther van Duin graduated from MBCS in 2012 in the behavioral neuroscience track. What is your current position?: PhD at University of Maastricht department of Psychiatry and guest affiliation at the AMC Amsterdam in the department of nuclear medicine. How did you end up in your current position? Currently, I investigate the 22Q11 deletion syndrome, which refers to a hemizygous deletion of an area in the DNA (Specifically chromosome 22 location Q11). They have only one gene instead of two- either from their mother or from their father. These patients are vulnerable to psychiatric disorders especially schizophrenia and psychosis along with ADHD, autism and anxiety disorders. It makes them a really interesting human population to investigate the neurobiology underlying psychiatric disorders in general and psychosis specifically since these patients have 30% risk to develop psychosis The main goal of the project is to investigate why some people do develop psychiatric disorders while others do not. I use different techniques by combining fundamental and clinical neuroscience. I visit patients in their houses, all over the country to conduct psychological assessments and interviews- to know about their lives, histories specifically if they’ve had any traumatic experiences. A second part of my project entails ensuring that patients carry a phonelike device with them which beeps 10 times a day as a reminder to take a saliva sample and note down details of their external environment. We can then relate their environment to their stress response. We believe stress is the main reason for development of such psychiatric disorders and want to investigate the daily life stress reactivity in 22q11DS. The third part of my project involves PET imaging work where we trace dopamine D 2/3 receptors during a reward learning task. While Esther supervises the annual pressure cooker participants are in the scanner they perform a reward learning task. We are interested in their reward systems specifically in the symptoms of anhedonia and if it’s relatable to their dopamine functions. The final part of my project consists of biological work. I take blood sample for DNA isolation to do genetic analysis, to associate the 22q11DS genotype with their phenotypes. It’s a huge test battery and a huge project- I am currently in my 2nd year and will soon start with data analysis of the scan images and PET results. What do your daily activities consist of? After graduation, I was selected for national think tank which is a project for three months where you work with 20 graduate/PhD students on a societal issue. The main goal is to bridge the gap between society, business, science and the government. For me, it was a really nice way to know the different sectors as I was in doubt of continuing in “It’s not necessary to finish a 4-year project if you don’t like it. -Esther van Duin science. Also, it was a very selective program so very honorable and a great opportunity. This was three months after graduation. I learnt a lot about my strengths, about how to make issue trees (!), and how a job looks like outside science. During that time, I decided not to continue in science. For me, doing a society-oriented job suited me much better. So, I decided to decline thesis professor’s offer to do a PhD In her lab. After the national think tank, I became a teacher at the IIS in the Master (teaching STICS) and in the bachelor program Beta Gamma. Besides that, I had a part time job as an education advisor, both for the ministry of education and as an independent consultant in a start up. There we tackled questions like how can we implement more talent development in primary schools. This was for half a year, during which I met up with a lot of different people to know more about their jobs. I also did some business courses to discover consultancy and businessIf you are considering a job outside of science than I would highly recommend master students April 2016 Birthdays Urša Bernardic 12 April Aafke Kok 14 April Despoina Kortesidou 17 April to apply for business courses and traineeships. In the end I discovered that for the kind of jobs that I was engaged in, it’s very helpful to have a PhD. You gain the title of an expert and it allows you to continue teaching on an academic level. So a yearAafter graduation, I applied for a PhD, not with the intention of being a scientist but with the goal of being a university teacher and starting my own company. I applied for a PhD. position at the VU in the area of educational neuroscience. This was completely different from our master program. But it didn’t end well – I felt the scientific environment didn’t meet my expectations and my supervisor was not easy to get along with. The lesson that I learnt from this was the topic and content of a PhD project can be fantastic and aligned with your interests, but that does not mean that it is the best place for you. It is very necessary to know the supervisor, the lab and the department and have an idea of your day to day life. After about 10 months, I had a burnout and decided to quit which was a very challenging decision but in hindsight one of the best ones in my life. I learnt that it’s not necessary to finish a 4-year project if you don’t like it. During my PhD, I was still teaching which ended up in my favour because they offered me to develop and lead the pressure cooker program. During that summer, my current professor approached me to join her lab as a PhD student. I was a bit wary, but I knew the professor well and she was well aware of my goals of not strictly continuing in science. So I thought of giving it another chance! In September 2014, I started my 2nd position – officially at University of Maastricht at the Psychiatry department and guest affiliation at the AMC in the department of nuclear medicine. Page 2 Continues on page 4 Rafał Szymanek 22 April Katharina Müller 23 April Rick van Dorp 29 April Antoina Kaiser 3 May Ronald Dekker 5 May Max Wunderlich 7 May Mary-Jo Diepeveen 9 May Sebastian Speer 9 May Julia Rieck 16 May Symposium Cognito is proud to announce the annual symposium on June 3rd! Titled ‘Minds & Machines’, we’ll cross the gap between artificial intelligence and neuroscience. Three expert speakers will share their perspectives on what these two exciting fields can learn from one another. How we can use multitasking in an electronic environment to become more efficient? Can we use robotics to learn about cognitive development? And can computers assist autistic children to recognize emotions in other people? The symposium will take place between 18:00 and 21:00 at Roeterseiland; keep the date free! More details will follow soon, we hope to see you all there! InCognito Words inCognito: cryptic crossword April 2016 A cryptic crossword is somewhat like a normal crossword puzzle, except all clues are riddles in themselves. An example of a typical cryptic crossword clue is “Disguised as a newsletter”, which would be ‘in cognito’, the title of this newsletter and a synonym for ‘disguised’. The letter count of each solution is indicated in the clue, with (4+6) meaning two words, of which the first has 4 letters, and the second 6. Good luck on this MBCS-themed brain teaser! Internships are hard, but the monthly puzzle is harder. Again, no winners. To increase your appetites for this challenge, this month we’re giving you a choice for your reward: either we’ll prepare the lovely Food for thought above, or you can go for the cultural knowledge of the history of the Netherlands! Send your answers to newsletter.cognito@ gmail.com. Whoever gets most answers correct, wins! The answers and winner will be announced next month. Good luck! Across 6. Looking back at books (10+6) 9. A date for celebrating Elvis Presley. Or a peppermint brand. (5+4) 10. A racing track inside your head (6+7) 11. To fire, you must overcome this mountain (4+7) 12. This issue isn’t black or white (4+6) 14. This nation isn’t doing anything (7+5) 15. Please return my participants (1+-+4) 16. These 24 hours are for the idiot of the month (5+5+3) Down 1. A glia of the German waterbird type encapsulates axons (7+4) 2. A very bold bundle (5) 3. The end station before the cleavage (10+8) 4. The height of the second Greek letter is the chance of making a type II error (4+5) 5. The daily returning beat (9+6) 7. An inferior version of the Serbian scientist (5+5) 8. A gathering of the king of beasts (8) 11. An alphabetic diary for MBCS-student reports (3+7) 13. A serpentine programming language (6) Last month’s answers: Across: 1. Bold response; 5. Multipolar neuron; 8. Brain slicing event; 11. Power; 12. Withinsubject design; 14. Rapid eye movement; 15. Pyramidal cell; 17. Phantom pain; 18. Go nogo task. Across: 1. Between-subject design; 2. DSM; 3. Replication crisis; 4. Transgenic mice; 6. Antagonist; 7. Confirmation bias; 8. Brainstorm; 9. Executive control; 10. Heroin addiction; 13. Dies natalis; 16. LGN. Google poetry 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Horoscope As a Taurus, you are persistent and stubborn, and you indulge in materialistic desires. This month, you will cross paths with an object that brings out the worst in both your stubbornness and your indulgent desire. One day, you will walk past the local Japanese shop, and through the dark window, you will notice a cubic watermelon—a rare fruit native only to the land of the rising sun. Even though the shop is closed, this precious and expensive specialty product will enchant you and your bull-headed craving. After repeated attempts to bash open the door with your head, the cubic watermelon will shimmer even brighter with the light of an emerald gem, mocking you with unbearable temptation. After one final charge forward, you will break open the door in a mad fury, trampling into shelves like a bull in a glass shop. At long last, your Method 1: Insult Method 2: Dismiss Taurus 20 April – 20 May persistence has paid off, and you will stomp through the broken tea pots and chopsticks strewn about the floor, only to find that the object of your obsession now lies on the floor in heaps of red seedless flesh. Holding up the remains, you will give a defeated cry as the juice runs down your arm. Lucky spring attire: rubber bodysuit Lucky ice cream flavor: cheeseberry Lucky Russian medicine: vodka Comic: How to react to laymen Wow you study neuroscience!? I saw this movie which said that we only use 10% of our brain and if we use more we can get psychic powers and control the universe and... Hahahahahah no. Page 3 Did you know that females are worse in mathematics because they have inherently different brains than men do? Uhm, I don’t think you should get your facts from the internet. Method 3: Bore At the current time the evidence supporting your claim is very limited and one is therefore inclined to reject that hypothesis for the time being. If however new evidence I heard that you have right were to be presented one should naturally brained people and left brained people and that cre- shift their views. Notative people, like me, are left withstanding, scientific studies conducted by brained,and right brained Gazzaniga et al. have people are more logical and revealed difference scientific, like you between the... InCognito April 2016 Interview with Esther continued... What do you like and dislike about your current position? Pros: With respect to a PhD in general, you’re able to work in a really challenging environment- more so than working for a company or government. It is intellectually stimulating. You also have a lot of freedom, so you can plan your own time. I also like that I have a lot of contact with my patients, for me that is motivating because I get to see the results. It also stems from my liking to connect with people. Moreover, I also enjoy supervising interns which may seem trivial but in some places it is mandatory to supervise which is definitely my cup of tea! I also keep learning about how we as humans function. I equally learn things about myself. My goal is to bring neuroscientific knowledge to society, and I want to gain the expertise to impart this knowledge. Cons: Personally, it is pretty hard because I like interactions and collaborations, but PhD is a lot of independent work, characterized by self motivation. In the science sector, you won’t come across a lot of feedback, laudatory comments or a lot of support. This probably stems from the fact that we as academicians are trained to be critical, not supportive. Moreover, it’s really indirect. The things that I investigate now may only bear fruit in the long run and I personally prefer quick results. Did you feel prepared by the master, and do you still regularly use things you’ve learned in the master? Our masters fueled my interest in bridging interdiscliplinary gaps. Currently, I am required to work with different people belonging to diverse sectors/ layers of science. Our masters consisted of mixed groups of students which taught me to develop respect for other areas of expertise. This helped me prepare for my current position as a scientist. You are also required to do a lot of internships which is the only way to get a true feel of science. By Despina Kortesidou “My goal is to bring neuroscience to society, and I want to gain the expertise to impart this knowledge - Esther van Duin Looking back, what would you have done difficulty?: I believe that knowing your own personal strengths, what you want in your life and the necessary 21st century skill training is extremely vital and needs to be given time to be perfected or honed. I would rather devote time to such training than engaging in two long internships because not every student wants to end up in academia. I wanted to change this aspect which I did eventually by developing the Pressure Cooker. What is your advise to current students? Explore! Not just in the scientific world but where your personal strengths lay. Decide for yourself why you chose this master and what you would like to do with it. Also explore how you would like your day to day life to look like. Interact with people outside of science, take up business courses, look up alumni and ask for connections, learn about their jobs and their day to day lives! Apply for the national think tank, even though it is currently only in Dutch. It did change my life significantly! Lastly, never be frightened to follow your own path. Academia forces you to follow a standard At the Binnenhof in The Hague route but many people are unaware of what else is out there. And never feel like you’re not good enough for the unfamiliar, they need people like you more than you know it! What are your next plans? One of the things that is starting to develop alongside my PhD is my own company, Mindlife, but since I started the PhD, I have less time for it. I really want to get my company started, which would be my first goal. I have initiated work on the development of the company. After my PhD, I would also like to take up a role as a connector or an advisor- bridge gaps between neuroscience and society. Through my company, I would like to inspire and help people with my neuroscientific knowledge, which could be applied to hospitals, schools, in the government and in companies. I would like to combine this with a teaching role at a university or in high schoolor an advisorbridge gaps between neuroscience and society. Through my company, I would like to inspire and help people with my neuroscientific knowledge, which could be applied to hospitals, schools, in the government and in companies. I would like to combine this with a teaching role at a university or in high school. Food for thought: Corn soup Spring is here, but warmth is still missing. That looming cold makes these confused days still perfect for enjoying heartwarming soups. The following recipe can only be described as the best probably -to play it safe- soup I have made; the silky smooth texture of polenta, the crispy bacon , the sudden explosion of freshness of chards and corn, the pulsating intense salty flavor of gorgonzola. Ah, yes it is perfect. In the past I have often experimented with corn soups, but it always seemed that something was missing from the recipe. Until today; the addition of the blue cheese did the job and bound all the flavours together. I don’t want to be overdramatic but little angels sang in my mind after every spoonful. Just sayin’. So! Buy the materials and I will describe you the methods for making the soup. Ingredients (2 bowls): 300 gr. corn The IIS encourages students to be entrepreneurs and critical and follow your own path. Living in Amsterdam itself also provides a sense of liberty which is underestimated. This has helped shape my personality and has honed my talents as a facilitator and consultant. I also took a few months off during our masters to be a student assistant and research assistant. It helped me discover avenues outside the masters. 30 gr. gorgonzola (or more if you like) 100gr. non-fatty bacon into small cubes 3 leaves of chards 3 tablespoons polenta 30 gr. butter 2 medium onions 2 cloves garlic olive oil, oregano, salt and πεππερ Instructions In a saucepan sauté the chopped onions until golden, then add the chopped garlic, bacon and polenta. Stir constantly until the polenta gets a bit darker (but not brown) and add 3 cups of water. Lower the heat and add the corn and the finely-chopped white parts of the chard twigs. Stir frequently for 5-7 minutes until the polenta boils, add pepper. Then add the gorgonzola into pieces, try the soup and add more salt if necessary. Finally, add the chopped chard leaves, stir and in 1-2 minutes remove the soup from the stove. Serve while it is hot along with some good bread. Page 4 Photo: Despina Kortesidou Advertisement InCognito April 2016 Tesla Minor: Getting out of your scientific comfort zone By Katharina Müller Whenever I tell fellow MBCS students that I am doing the Tesla minor right now, I usually get either of the three reactions: »Oh, isn’t that Pressure Cooker 2.0?«, »That’s how you can get out of writing your literature thesis, right?«, or «That’s that weird cult where people basically just do sports, theater and energizing dances«. As it is usually with rumours, all of these responses bear some truth, but none of them tell the full story. And that is why this exclusive report will disclose what the heck Tesla is truly about. The Tesla minor, named after the brilliant inventor and futurist Nikola Tesla, is a five-month programme aimed at second-year Master students from Dutch science faculties. Its main objective is to teach students how to apply their scientific knowledge and skills on a real-world challenge at the interface between science, business and society. In practice, this means that we consult a client on an existing issue in interdisciplinary groups of three students. I am for instance working on a sustainable solution for the Port of Amsterdam, together with an Earth scientist and a Biomedical scientist. Sounds like the Pressure Cooker? You are not wrong. But with all due respect, Tesla is so much more than that, and hence also so much more fun! Let me explain. The first aspect is time. Even though any consultancy-based project develops solutions Fencing is just one of the sports you will encounter during Tesla. much faster than a scientific project would ever dare, Tesla students do have considerably more time available to make an informed decision than we did in the Pressure Cooker. This also means that a Tesla project often goes beyond the mere advice-giving stage, and instead is able to physically build a prototype, to program an app or to write a fancy business model. Secondly, only 50 % of the time at Tesla, we actually spend working on our project. The other half consists of trainings, lectures and sports. Trainings are super valuable, since scientific consultancy requires a very different toolkit than good old science. We thus get trained on project planning, communication, effective meetings or drawing and theater. Lectures are the inspiring part of Tesla; during those, people with cool jobs or views on the world basically tell us what they have learned so far. On top of that, everyone of us also organizes their own lectures (so called Think!s) in which we talk about a thoughtprovoking topic of our own interest. Then we have sports. Yes, compulsory sports. While it may sound a bit strange at first to force students to work out, there is actually a good reason behind it: Team building! Almost nothing bonds you better with your team than running around in the dirt on Monday evenings, to save each other’s life during climbing on Wednesdays or to get collectively yelled at with “No pain no gain” on a Thursday at noon. On top of that, when you get stuck in your project, there is sometimes nothing that can help any better than to simply get your mind off things by doing some physical exercise. And be honest, how often have you skipped sports because you were stressed? Speaking of stress. Doing all these different things at the same time in some sort of multi-task real world scenario, there is a good chance you will feel quite stressed at times. I am not sure yet if I will get used to the stress, but it is definitely teaching the perfectionist in me to prioritize and work efficiently. And if that does not help, I usually tell myself that if I am feeling stressed, I am probably doing it right – since getting out of your comfort zone is the secret motto of Tesla. Last but not least, what I enjoy mostly about Happy MBCS students (red circles) being happy Tesla’s. Tesla is the personal aspect. In your internship, even if you are lucky and your supervisor has a lot of time for you, what they care about at the end of the day is the project and not you personally. At Tesla, this is different. Whatever we get taught of course always has a benefit for our projects, but it does this by making us grow personally and professionally. The Tesla coordinators have understood that businesses are made of people and if one of those people has a problem, this problem will affect their work and should therefore be dealt with, no matter if the problem is professional, interpersonal or completely personal. This does not mean that there are no boundaries any more; of course, everybody only shares what they feel comfortable with. But it feels darn nice to be given the space to share and be human. Sometimes, we have to do excursions to microbreweries. It is tough. Applications for Tesla 2017 open in May. This year, out of 29 Tesla students, 7 are studying MBCS. Let’s hear what some of them say about Tesla: Miriam Maan Mirjam Heinemans Mary-Jo Diepeveen Merrit Beck In my project, we want to improve the collaboration between two institutes at the AMC, in order to improve health care by the use of performancebased measures. Let me say, I love Tesla! I feel it is good for my self-development. I like the lectures, especially the Think!s. I also think it is great that there is a sports programme included. And last but not least, the social cohesion is awesome and a good stimulant. I am working on a project for Commonland where we try to preserve peat in the neighbourhood of Amsterdam. So my project is not brainrelated at all, which is weird, but it is also a nice experience. I learn something really new and I can still use my general research skills very well, just on a different problem. People have been telling me that all the time, but it is nice to experience it for myself. It makes me realize that if I would end up doing something outside of Neuroscience, I would be able to manage. Our project is on finding a financially viable and sustainable business plan to improve the management of e-waste (electronic waste). It’s been great! Very intense, but a lot of fun. That comes mainly from the good atmosphere in the group and the fact that we do a lot of very different things: trainings, workshops, and especially things I’ve never tried before, like fencing, drawing, or theater. It is of course also very challenging: to work in a different way than what we are used to, and also with people from different backgrounds. We were offered the opportunity to develop a sustainable innovation on the Marineterrein (former navy area next to the Maritime Museum). We are currently looking into the opportunity to swim at the Marineterrein in a sustainable manner. Even though I am not a morning person, I am glad to come to Tesla every morning. I find it difficult to grasp why I like it so much yet. One thing I know for sure is that I enjoy how diverse Tesla is; I am not doing the same thing every day, and there is so much diversity across the whole day. Page 5
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