Bell Work 4-28-14
1. Which statement best describes the role of partisans
during the American Revolution
a. They served as messengers for British troops
b. The cared for wounded Patriot soldiers.
c. The fought the British by using guerilla war tactics.
d. The served in the Continental Congress.
Answer: C
2. What political campaign strategy did South Carolina’s
ex-Confederates use to appeal to voters after Reconstruction?
a. Reminding voters of lives lost during the Civil War
b. Promising to pass women’s suffrage
c. Promoting the temperance movement
d. Guaranteeing the end of segregation
Answer: A
8-7.2 Analyze the movement for civil rights in South Carolina
Key People/Events
NAACP
Brown v/s Board of
Education
Elmore v/s Rice
Septima Poinsette Clark
Modjeska Monteith Simkins
Matthew Perry
Friendship Nine
Orangeburg Massacre
Significance
Civil Rights Movement 8-7.2
The Fight for Equality
Agenda
Notes/Discussion:
Key Focus:
 Civil Rights Movement
Student Group Activity: Using informational
text to analyze the movement for civil rights
in South Carolina
Closure: Q & A using whiteboards
Independent Practice:
Focus Statement
8-7.2
Analyze the movement for civil
rights in South Carolina.
Civil Rights Movement Defined

The Civil Rights Movement was a struggle by
African Americans in the mid-1950s to late 1960s to
achieve Civil Rights equal to those of whites,
including equal opportunity in employment, housing,
and education, as well as the right to vote, the right
of equal access to public facilities, and the right to be
free of RACIAL DISCRIMINATION. No social or
political movement of the twentieth century has had
as profound an effect on the legal and political
institutions of the United States
Life for African Americans in the South
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De jure segregation – legal segregation through
written laws
Jim Crow laws – designed to separate blacks
and whites
Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 – “separate but equal”
Segregation of beaches, cemeteries, hospitals,
restaurants, schools, transportation, and more
Disenfranchised – few could vote – grandfather
clauses, literacy tests, poll taxes
I. Why Did the Civil Rights
Movement Take Off After 1945?
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Black equality became a significant political issue
for the Democratic Party
WWII had been fought against racism abroad—hard
to keep harboring it at home
Black veterans came home dedicated to change
Increasing number of White Americans condemned
segregation
Discrimination in the United States hurt our
propaganda battle against the Communists
What do you already know?


List as many ideas as you can about civil
rights.
Be prepared to share with others
1896- Plessy vs. Ferguson

Landmark court case “Separate, but Equal”
1954-Brown vs. Board of Education

1896 Separate, but Equal law is overturned. It
is now illegal to segregate schools.
Question
What do you think happened when schools
began the integration process?
1955- Rosa Parks


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Refuses to give up her seat to a white person
while riding a bus.
She was arrested for this!
Montgomery Bus Boycott begins
1956
The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the
segregation of Montgomery, Ala., buses is
unconstitutional.
1957-Martin Luther King, Jr.

The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., helps
found the Southern Christian Leadership
Conference to work for full equality for
African Americans
1957-Little Rock Nine

The federal
government uses the
military to uphold
African Americans'
civil rights, as
soldiers escort nine
African American
students to
desegregate a school
in Little Rock,
Arkansas.
What do you think…



The white students were thinking?
The national guard members were thinking?
The nine African-American students were
thinking?
1960-Nonviolent Protests

Four African American college students hold
a sit-in to integrate a Woolworth's lunch
counter in Greensboro, N.C., launching a
wave of similar protests across the South.
If you were….

A student living in those times, would you
have protested? Why or why not?
1961-Freedom Rides

The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) begins to
organize Freedom Rides throughout the South to try
to de-segregate interstate public bus travel.
1963-A “Dream” is born:

More than 200,000 people
march on Washington,
D.C., in the largest civil
rights demonstration ever;
Martin Luther King, Jr.,
gives his "I Have a Dream"
speech.

Four African American
girls are killed in the
bombing of the Sixteenth
Street Baptist Church in
Birmingham, Alabama.
1964-Civil Rights Act

President Lyndon Johnson
signs the Civil Rights Act,
which gives the federal
government far-reaching
powers to prosecute
discrimination in
employment, voting, and
education.
1965-The Push for Voting Marches
On….

King organizes a protest march from Selma to
Montgomery, Alabama, for African American
voting rights. A shocked nation watches on
television as police club and teargas
protesters.
1965-Voting is Granted to African
Americans…

In the wake of the SelmaMontgomery March, the
Voting Rights Act is
passed, outlawing the
practices used in the
South to disenfranchise
African American voters
1967-A Terrible Event Occurs…

Martin Luther King, Jr.,
is assassinated in
Memphis, Tennessee.
His murder sparks a
week of rioting across
the country.
What would you want…

People to remember most about MLK? Why?
Notable South Carolinians
Although many South Carolinians played a
significant role in the civil rights movement,
most notable among them are:
 Septima Clark
 Modjeska Simkins
 Matthew Perry
Septima Clark

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Public school teacher
In a case brought by the NAACP, she sought equal pay for African
American and white teachers.
A member of the NAACP, Clark left South Carolina when the state
legislature passed a bill saying that public employees could not belong to
any civil rights organization.
Clark later taught at the Highlander Folk School in Tennessee where
many civil rights leaders learned the strategy of nonviolent direct action.
Clark served in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference led by Dr.
King.
Clark founded citizenship schools to improve literacy among the African
American community and increase voter registration.
Modjeska Monteith Simkins

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Teacher
Public health worker
An active member of the NAACP
Participated in the efforts to equalize
teachers’ salaries and to reform the white
primary (Elmore v Rice)
Helped write the declaration for the lawsuit
that asked for the equalization of Clarendon
County schools (Briggs v Elliot).
Matthew J Perry



The first graduate of the new law school at South Carolina State to pass
the bar exam As a civil rights lawyer, Perry was instrumental in bringing
cases in South Carolina to challenge segregation. African American
efforts to push for integration of schools to conform to the Brown ruling
were first pursued at the college and university level because these
would be least resisted by white parents. Perry defended the right of an
African American student to attend Clemson University.
Perry also fought for the adoption of single-member districts in South
Carolina's House of Representatives, making it possible for more black
lawmakers to get elected
Perry later served as South Carolina’s first African American federal
judge.
Bell Work 4-29-14
1. In the late 1800s and early 1900s where did many South Carolina
farmers migrate?
a. To western ranching areas
b. To mill villages
c. To northern cities for factory jobs
d. To nearby cities for government jobs
Answer: B
2. Which action was one way Governor Strom Thurmond supported
continued economic growth in South Carolina after World War II?
a. He supported increased labor union membership.
b. He supported efforts to improve regional seaports
c. He supported the integration of all businesses.
d. He supported the expansion of technical trade schools
Answer: B
Friendship Nine
Orangeburg Tragedy
8-7.2
Analyze the movement for civil rights in South Carolina





Students will complete the chart analyzing the
movement for civil rights in South Carolina .
I Do: The teacher will model using informational text
to find relevant information to complete the chart on
the Civil Rights Movement.
We Do: Work together finding relevant information
about the Civil Rights Movement in SC & the US .
You Do: The students will complete the graphic
organizer
Students will then share responses
Activity
8-7.2 Analyze the movement for civil rights in South Carolina
Key People/Events
NAACP
Brown v/s Board of
Education
Elmore v/s Rice
Septima Poinsette Clark
Modjeska Monteith Simkins
Matthew Perry
Friendship Nine
Orangeburg Massacre
Significance
The Civil Rights Movement intensified after World War II. The movement for civil
rights accelerated as a result of the “victory abroad, victory at home” (Double V)
campaign of African Americans, the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of
Education, the influence of mass media and the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr.
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) took the
legal approach and brought cases to the courts that challenged the prevailing practices
of discrimination and laid the groundwork for change. Among many other cases, the
NAACP challenged the exclusion of African American voters from participation in the
South Carolina Democratic Party’s selection of candidates. The Democratic Party had
dominated politics in South Carolina and the South since Reconstruction so the white
primary effectively excluded blacks from having any say in selecting the state’s elected
officials. The United States Supreme Court ruled in Elmore v. Rice (1947) that the
white primary was unconstitutional. African Americans, who continued to face white
hostility, still had to overcome the intimidation but they now had the opportunity to
impact the selection of candidates and subsequently the eventual officeholders in the
solidly Democratic South Carolina.
I DO
Key People/Events
NAACP
Significance
The landmark case of Brown v Board of Education (1954) started with a simple request. The parents of
African American students in Clarendon County, South Carolina requested a bus to take their children to
their all-black school. Some children had to walk 18 miles to and from school each day. Since the county’s
[2375] white children had [30] school buses for their use and its [6531] black students had none, parents at
Scott’s Branch School felt that the “separate-but-equal” doctrine established by the Supreme Court in Plessy
v. Ferguson required that the school district at least pay for the gas and repairs on the used bus that the
families had bought to take their children to school. Parents did not originally seek integration but equality.
The original case was dismissed due to a technicality. With the assistance of local leaders including
Modjeska Monteith Simkins and the NAACP, parents brought suit against the school district in a new case,
Briggs v. Elliot, for equal treatment under the law as required by the 14th amendment. In federal district
court, the counsel for the state of South Carolina admitted that the separate schools for African Americans
were unequal but claimed that the state had initiated a building program that would bring the African
American schools up to par with the white schools
The court, therefore, ruled in favor of the school district. The NAACP then appealed the case to the United
States Supreme Court. Briggs v. Elliot was one of five cases that became part of the landmark Brown v.
Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas decision. In Brown the Supreme Court overturned Plessy v Ferguson
and ruled that separate was inherently unequal. The court further ruled that African American students should
be integrated into classrooms with white children with “all deliberate speed.
We Do
Brown v/s Board of Education
Significance
8-7.2 Analyze the movement for civil rights in South Carolina
Key People/Events
NAACP
Brown v/s Board of Education
Significance
The National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People (NAACP) took the legal
approach and brought cases to the courts that
challenged the prevailing practices of
discrimination and laid the groundwork for
change.
Ruled that separate was inherently unequal.
The court further ruled that African American
students should be integrated into classrooms
with white children with “all deliberate speed.”
Close

What was significant about the NAACP?
What was significant about Brown v. Board of
Education

You Finish finding relevant information

What have you learned.. Reflection



Civil Rights?
What questions do you still have?
How can learning about civil rights help you
today?
4-30-14
1. What weakened the ability of South Carolina workers to demand
higher wages after World War II?
a. Improvements in factory conditions
b. Reduction in state income taxes
c. Passage of right to work laws
d. Lack of training for jobs
Answer: c
2.When necessary to achieve justice, which method did Martin Luther
King , Jr. urge his followers to employ?
a. Using violence to bring about political change
b. Engaging in civil disobedience
c. Leaving any community in which racism is practices
d. Demanding Congress pay reparations to African Americans
Answer: b

EQ: Explain changing politics in South
Carolina.
Relevance


Have you ever participated in any type of
election?
Have you ever changed you mind about who
you are going to vote for?

EQ: Explain changing politics in South
Carolina.
Previously
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LowCountry supported the Federalist party
Power Equalized between the Up Country and LowCountrySC became predominately Democratic Republican
Democratic
Pre- Civil War Republican Party opposed slavery
After Civil War Republicans supported reconstruction
Majority of white population refused to support the
Republican Party
Democratic party “ redeems” the south from Republican
control and corruption
More background
Democrats blamed Republicans for the war
and Reconstruction
 South Carolina, like other Southern states
voted solidly Democratic ( remember African
Americans disenfranchised)
 SC became part of what was known as the
“Solid South”
WHAT CHANGED THIS??????

8-7.3 Explain changing politics in South Carolina
Changing Politics
Shift from Democratic to Republican Party
Role of Strom Thurmond
Increased Political Participation of AA
Increased Political Participation of women
Passage of The Education Improvement Act
Explanation
Shift From Democratic to Republican Party



President Roosevelt's New Deal Programs attracted
African American voters which made Democratic
southerners suspicious
Democratic President Harry Truman ordered
desegregation of the military and supported inclusion of
African Americans in the Democratic platform supporting
anti-poll tax legislation and federal protection against
lynching
Democratic Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon
Johnson supported the Civil Rights Act and the Voting
Rights Act
Shift From Democratic to Republican Party

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Southerners were attracted to Richard Nixon’s “ Southern
Strategy” resisting the expansion of the civil rights
protections and his campaign promise to restore law and
order.
Antiwar protest were seen as unpatriotic and were
associated with the Democratic party
Southerners also attracted to Ronald Regan because of his
stand on taxes and the Cold War
Fundamentalist and Evangelical churches began to
support the conservative agenda
8-7.3
Explain changing politics in South Carolina



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
Students will complete the chart analyzing changing
politics in South Carolina .
I Do: The teacher will model using informational text
to find relevant information to complete the chart on
changing politics in SC
We Do: Work together finding relevant information
about changing politics in SC.
You Do: The students will complete the graphic
organizer
Students will then share responses
Activity

Conservative Southerners and South Carolinians initially supported the
New Deal of Democrat Franklin Roosevelt but became suspicious of
Roosevelt as he increasingly attracted African American voters in the
North to the New Deal. Shortly after World War II ended, President Harry
Truman ordered the desegregation of the military (1948) and supported
the inclusion of blacks in the Democratic Party platform (1948)
supporting anti-poll tax legislation and federal protection against lynching
measures aimed at rectifying the deplorable conditions for African
Americans. Incensed at this intrusion into the affairs of the states, many
delegates from the South walked out of the Democratic National
Convention. They formed their own party, which became known as the
Dixiecrats, and named South Carolina’s Strom Thurmond as their
presidential candidate. Thurmond carried South Carolina in the 1948
presidential election. Although Thurmond and other South Carolinians
returned to the Democratic Party after the Dixiecrat’s defeat, this was the
beginning of the end of the solidly Democratic South.
8-7.3 Explain changing politics in South Carolina
Changing Politics
Shift from Democratic to Republican Party
Role of Strom Thurmond
Increased Political Participation of AA
Increased Political Participation of women
Passage of The Education Improvement Act
Explanation
Close

What caused the “solid south” to shift from
the Democratic to the Republican party?
8-7.3 Explain changing politics in South Carolina
Changing Politics
Shift from Democratic to Republican Party
Role of Strom Thurmond
Increased Political Participation of AA
Increased Political Participation of women
Passage of The Education Improvement Act
Explanation
Role of Strom Thurmond
•
•
•
•
Led resistance to recognize the rights of African
Americans
Filibustered against passage of the Civil Rights Act
Ran for Presidents as a Dixicrat then returned to the
Democratic party
Withdrew support for the Democratic party and
changed his party affiliation to Republican
Increased Political Participation African
Americans
•
•
•
•
Able to vote in increasingly large numbers
Elmore v Rice, Voting Rights Act, 24th Amend.
Consistently supported Democratic party since the
1960s because of party’s support for Civil Rights
Limited impact on presidential elections
28% of pop.
Increased Political Participation of Women
•
•
•
•
•
1969 Ratified 19th Amendment
SC did not ratify the Equal rights Amendment ( one
of 10 state who did not)
Prominent roles in government, Lt. Gov., members
of state legislature, Congress
In 2012 16 women serving in State Legislature
Today Governor Nikki Hailey
Passage of the Education Improvement Act
•
•
•
•
Called for additional 1 cent in sales tax to support
education
Graduation rates and college attendance did
increase.
State cut funding in last few years ( recession)
The EIA and the EAA were passed to ensure all
students have equal opportunity to learn.
Bell Work 5-1-14
1. In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court ruled that:
a. States may not secede from the Union
b. All western territories should be open to slavery
c. Racial segregation was constitutional
d. Slaves are property and may not be taken from their owners
Answer: C
2. Filibusters were used by US Senators from the South in the 1950s and
1960s to:
a. Block passage of civil rights bills
b. Protest US involvement in Vietnam
c. Override presidential vetoes of environmental bills
d. Gain approval of presidential appointments to the Supreme Court
Answer: a
8-7.4
EQ: Summarize key economic issues in present
day South Carolina.
8-7.4
Summarize key economic issues in present day
South Carolina





Students will complete the chart analyzing key
economic issues in South Carolina .
I Do: The teacher will model using informational text
to find relevant information to complete the chart on
key economic issues in present day SC
We Do: Work together finding relevant information
about key economic issues in present day SC.
You Do: The students will complete the graphic
organizer
Students will then share responses
Activity
8-7.4 Economic Issues in Present Day South Carolina
Changing Politics
Decline of Textile Industry
SCs Status as Right to Work State
Changes in Agriculture Emphasis
Growing Globalization and
Foreign Investment
Influx of Immigrants and Migrants
Explanation
8-7.4 Economic Issues in Present Day South Carolina
Changing Politics
Increased Protection of Environment
Expanding Number of Cultural Offerings
Changes Tax Policy
Explanation
Bell Work 5-2-14
1. During the Revolutionary War Period, Thomas Paine’s Common
Sense was important because it:
a. Described a military plan for the defeat of England
b. Convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support
independence
c. Contained a detailed outline for a new form of government
d. Argued for the addition of a bill of rights to the Constitution
Answer: b
2. The Mayflower Compact and the Virginia House of Burgesses are
examples of:
a. Equal opportunities for women during the colonial period
b. Steps toward representative government
c. Economic agreements between colonists and Native Americans.
d. Limitations placed on colonial Americans by the British government
Answer: b
Materials Needed
 SC Standards
 Text book
 Informational Text
 Document Camera/Promethean Board
 PowerPoint
 Teacher Created Notes
 Teacher Created Graphic Organizers
 Video/Mill Life
 Primary Source Documents
 Study Guides/Test