US History & Government
Test #4 – Review Sheet
General Topics:
War of 1812 & Early Foreign Policy, Nationalism, Early Industrialization, Antebellum North and
South, Early Reform
Format:
35 multiple choice questions (TWO (2) questions from the previous test)
War of 1812 & Early Foreign Policy
1. What were the causes of the War of 1812? Impressment (Freedom of the Seas), desire to invade Canada and
Indian raids on the frontier
2. What was Francis Scott Key known for? Writing the Star Spangled Banner
3. What happened at the Battle of New Orleans? Jackson won an overwhelming victory against the British
4. Why was the Monroe Doctrine issued? To prevent the re-colonization of Latin America. What did the
Monroe Doctrine say? No new colonization by European powers in Latin America
5. How was James Monroe’s foreign policy a continuation of the policies of President Washington and President
Jefferson? James Monroe pledged to not get involved in the affairs of Europe
Early Nationalism
6. Who was John Marshall? Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
7. John Marshall was known as a strong federalist. What does this mean? His decisions supported the federal
government over the states
8. What was the decision in the case Marbury v. Madison? The Supreme Court had the power of Judicial Review
9. What was the decision in the case McCulloch v. Maryland? The State of Maryland did not have the power to
tax the Bank of the United States
10. What was the decision in the case Gibbons v. Ogden? Only the federal government had the power to control
interstate commerce
11. What is judicial review? The power of the Supreme Court to declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional
12. Why were early roads built? To help people to move out west and allow goods to travel from east to west
Early Industrialization
13. What was the Lowell System? An early textile factory system in the North
14. Why were many early factories located near water? These factories were powered by water.
15. What was needed for the North to begin to industrialize? Access to raw materials and a large labor force
16. Why was the Erie Canal important to the development of New York? It linked New York to the interior of the
United States
17. Why was the Erie Canal important to the Midwest? It allowed good to move between New York and the
Midwest cheaply
18. What was the purpose of tariffs? Tariffs are taxes on imports. The purpose was to get Americans to
purchase American made products
19. In which region of the country were most railroads and canals constructed? North and West
Early North and South
20. Why Irish immigrants leave their homeland? They were dying because of the potato famine.
21. Why did Irish immigrants often face discrimination? They were Catholic and extremely poor
22. Why did the US not limit immigration in the early 19th century? We needed cheap labor for factories
23. What is nativism? A hatred of immigrants or foreigners. What political party organized in support of this
idea? The Know Nothing Party
24. What was the primary economic activity in the South during the antebellum period? Why? Agricultural
activity due to the climate and good soil
25. Why did slavery expand in the south in the first half of the 19th century? The invention of the cotton gin
required more people to pick cotton
Reform
26. Who were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott? People who fought for equal rights for women
27. What was the Seneca Falls Convention? A meeting of people who supported women’s rights. What did the
Declaration of Sentiment state? The Declaration of Sentiments was a statement (based on the Declaration
of Independence) that supported women’s rights published at the Seneca Falls Convention
28. What did abolitionists want to achieve? An end to slavery Identify some famous abolitionists. William Lloyd
Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth and Harriet Tubman. What actions did they take to achieve
their objectives? They wrote books and newspapers, spoke publicly about the evils of slavery, and helped
slaves escape
29. Who were Horace Mann and Dorothea Dix, and what reform movements were they involved in? Horace Mann
organized public schools. Dorothea Dix worked for better conditions for the mentally ill.