Final Exam Study Guide 2016
UNIT 1 - MECHANICAL ENERGY
1. The ability to do work is called _______________.
2. The energy associated with motion and position of an object is called____________.
3. Energy due to an object’s position is called _________________.
4. Energy associated with an object’s motion is called ____________________.
5. Energy that is stored, or could be working but is not being used yet is __________________.
6. Potential energy that depends on height is called ____________________.
7. The __________________ of energy states that when one form of energy is converted into another, energy is
not created or destroyed.
8. Give an example of something that has kinetic energy
9. Give an example of something that has potential energy
10. The total potential and kinetic energy of an object is called ____________________.
11. The energy associated with the motion and position of an object is called _______________.
12. How would you calculate an object’s mechanical energy?
13. A change from one form of energy into another is called an energy __________________.
14. The sharing of energy from one object to another is called an energy _________________.
15. Two objects with different masses are placed on the same shelf. Which object contains more energy? How
do you know?
***I understand that my student has a Final Exam on the last day of school ________________
(parent signature)
Final Exam Study Guide
UNIT 2 - THERMAL ENERGY
1. The total kinetic energy of all the particles (atoms & molecules) in a substance is called ________________.
2. A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object is called _______________.
3. A material that does NOT conduct heat well is called a(n) _________________________.
4. A material that allows heat to transfer easily is called a(n) ________________________.
5. The movement of heat through substances in direct contact with each other is called ___________________.
6. Heat transfer by the up and down movement of liquids or gases caused by changes in density is called
__________________________.
7. Heat transfer by electromagnetic waves is called ___________________________.
8. Heat moves from ________________objects to ____________________ objects.
(warmer / colder)
(warmer / colder)
9. What causes the air at the ceiling of a room to be hotter than air at the floor?
10. The handle of a spoon in a bowl of soup becomes warm due to heat transfer by _____________________.
11. A thermometer uses the fact that liquids, such as mercury or alcohol, ________________ when heated.
12. Metal feels colder than wood because metal is a better _______________ of heat.
13. A change of temperature is a result of a change in the speed of vibration of molecules. If molecules vibrate
faster, what happens to the temperature measured?
Final Exam Study Guide
UNIT 3 - WAVES
1. A disturbance that carries energy from place to place is called a _____________.
2. Waves that travel only through matter are called ____________________________.
3. Waves that travel through matter and space are called __________________________.
4. A wave travels through a medium because the wave’s ____________ passes from particle to particle.
Label the parts of the waves below, and label them transverse or longitudinal (compressional).
5. Sound needs a _________________ to travel.
6. In outer space, no one can hear you scream (at least, not without a radio transmitter in your space suit
broadcasting your voice to the earpieces of your crew members). Why?
7. When a wave hits a surface it cannot pass through, and it bounces back, it is called ______________.
8. A reflected sound wave is called an ______________________.
9. Which type of signal is the most reliable way to encode and transmit information, analog or digital?
Why?
10. Draw a representation of a digital signal
Final Exam Study Guide
UNIT 4 - MAGNETISM AND ELECTRICITY
1. The region around a magnet in which magnetic forces act is called the __________________
2. The ends of a magnet, which either attract or repel other magnets are called __________________
3. List two materials that are attracted to magnets.
4. A build-up of electric charge caused by friction is called ___________________________/
5. What causes gravity on earth?
6. As mass increases, gravity __________________
7. The north pole of a magnet will be attracted to the _____________ pole of another magnet.
8. The north pole of a magnet will repel the _____________ pole of another magnet
9. An electromagnet can be made by coiling a copper wire around a metal rod and attaching it to a
_______________.
SCIENCE & ENGINEERING PRACTICES
1. A prediction about what will happen during an experiment is called a _________________.
2. In science, a hypothesis must be able to be ____________________.
3. During an experiment, if I purposely change the mass of a counterweight to test a hypothesis, the mass
of the counterweight is called the _________________ variable.
4. The factor that is measured in an experiment is called the _______________ variable.
5. During an experiment, the variable which is considered the “normal,” which is compared to the
collected data, is called the ____________________.
6. The variables which are not changed in an experiment are called _____________________.
7. An organized way to collect and record scientific observations is with a ________________.
8. A tool that scientists use to see patterns and make predictions using data is a ____________.
9. A written interpretation of the data collected in an experiment is called an ____________.
10. A summary of what you have learned from a scientific experiment is called a _____________.
11. Factors which prevent an experiment from being completed in the best possible way are called
____________________.
Final Exam Study Guide
UNIT 5 - CHEMICAL REACTIONS
1. A pure substance made of a single type of atom is called a ___________________
2. Anything that has mass and takes up space is called _____________________
3. The measurement of how much mass is contained in a given volume is called _______________.
4. The density of a block of wood with a mass of 100 grams and a volume of 50 cm3 is ____
5. The law of conservation of matter states:
6. List several examples of physical properties.
7. List several examples of chemical properties.
8. List evidence of a physical change.
9. List evidence of a chemical change.
10. What is the difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions?
11. Is this chemical reaction balanced?
12. How do you know?
13. How many molecules of Sulfur Dioxide are on
the products side?
Sam is conducting an experiment to test some possible chemicals to use in the construction of a hand-warmer.
He uses iron and oxygen, calcium chloride and water, and steel wool and vinegar. He mixes equal amounts of
each chemical and measures the temperature before the reaction and again 5 minutes after the reaction has
occurred.
14. What is the independent variable in his experiment?
15. What is the dependent variable in his experiment?
16. What are the constants in his experiment?
Final Exam Study Guide
UNIT 6 – WATER QUALITY AND THE KENTUCKY RIVER ECOSYSTEM
1. Plants make their own food through the process of _______________________.
2. Energy from sugars is released through the process of ________________________.
3. Write the chemical formula for Photosynthesis.
4. Write the chemical formula for Respiration.
5. Which organisms go through Photosynthesis?
6. Which organisms go through Respiration?
7. Where does Photosynthesis occur in the organism?
8. Where does Respiration occur in the organism?
9. Using an aquatic ecosystem, list an example of a food chain.
10. What is the difference between a food chain and food web.
11. What are some ways we measure the chemical water quality of a creek or stream?
12. How do we measure the physical water quality of a creek or stream?
13. What can a macroinvertebrate study tell us about the water quality of a creek or stream?
Final Exam Study Guide
UNIT 7 – REPRODUCTION AND HEREDITY
1.
An organism’s reaction to a stimulus is called a _______________ .
2. Most of an animal’s ________________ are actions to help it survive or reproduce.
3. Learned behaviors are based on experience, __________________ behaviors are what an organism is
born with.
4. Organisms belonging to the same ___________ can usually mate and produce fertile offspring.
5. Identify the structures in the diagram.
6. What is a pollinator?
7. How does pollination benefit the insect or animal?
8. How does pollination benefit the plant?
9. Which trait is controlled by a dominant allele?
10. In which generation are the parents purebred? In which generation are they hybrids?
11. In the F1 generation, what percent of the offspring have purple flowers?
12. In the F2 generation, what percent of the offspring have white flowers? What is the genotype of the
white-flowered offspring?
13. In the F2 generation, what percent of the offspring have purple flowers? What is the genotype of the
purple-flowered offspring?
Final Exam Study Guide
UNIT 8 – CELLS
Cell Part:
1.
Cell membrane
3.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell Function:
Jelly-like substance that fills the cells inside the cell membrane
2.
Directs cell activities
4.
5.
Makes proteins
6.
Releases energy stored in food.
Chloroplast
7.
Cell Wall
8.
9.
Golgi Bodies
11.
Stores water, waste products, food, and other cellular materials
10.
Breaks down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts
12. Cells that are alike make up ___________________.
13. Tissues that have the same function make up ______________.
14. Organs that have similar functions make up _______________.
15. What are 2 examples of tissues?
16. What are 3 examples of organs?
17. What are 2 examples of organ systems?
Final Exam Study Guide