Lincoln County Schools Patriot Day Instructional Expectations
Patriot Day 3
School: LCHS
Course/Subject: Science/Pre-AP
Teacher: Tiller
Learning Target: I can describe the different trends of the periodic table.
Lesson Expectations/Standard:
Students can either do the paper packet or the STEMscopes assignment assigned to their class.
Links to Other Assignment Options (websites or programs):
Links to Resources and Support:
Teacher Support: (list emails &/or phone numbers here):
Lydia Tiller
Cell: 270-634-2477
Email: [email protected]
Will also be available vis Remind101.
*Reminder: Assignments are due back to teachers the next day we are in school, if possible, or within 1
week of the Patriot Day.
Periodic Table and Trends
The Periodic Table was created in 1869 by Dimitri Mendeleev. Since its creation, the table has
undergone a variety of evolutions, eventually morphing into the chart with which we are familiar
today.
We know that the atom has various parts. The nucleus is comprised of the protons and neutrons,
which make up its mass. Orbiting that in a “cloud” are all of the electrons, with a neutral atom
having the same number of electrons as protons.
On the outermost layer,
a special energy level of
electrons, known as the
“valence level,” exists.
These electrons help
determine reactivity of
the individual elements.
Examine this Periodic Table. What trends do you notice? Be specific.
What other properties of atoms could have trends
on the Periodic Table?
Metals and Nonmetals
A- Metals: Found on the left side of table.
Lose electrons to form positive ions (cations)
Most are silver, shiny, solid, malleable, ductile, and good
heat/electrical conductors
B- Metalloids: Share properties of metals and nonmetals
C- Nonmetals: Found on the right side of table.
Gain electrons to form negative ions (anions)
Brittle, dull, non-conductors that exist in all three states
(solids, liquids, gases)
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Periodic Table and Trends
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Periods, Groups, and Trends
Periods/Series:
Horizontal rows
1
2
Valence
Electrons
8
3
4 5 6 7
2
Energy 3
Levels
4
5
Share the same number of energy levels
Groups/Families:
6
7
A group/family is a vertical column
They have similar properties
Same # of valence electrons
Trends of the Periodic Table:
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Atomic Number: The number of protons
in an atom
Atomic Mass: The mass of an atom. It is
calculated by using the ratios of how
often the mass numbers (protons +
neutrons) of naturally occurring isotopes
of an atom are found in nature
Atomic Radii: Size of the atom,
measured from the nucleus to the outer
electron level
Metallic Character: How strong the
characteristics of a metal are present
Nonmetallic Character: How strong the characteristics of a nonmetal are present. Increases
diagonally up and to the right
Electron Affinity: A neutral atom’s likelihood of gaining an electron
Ionization Energy: Amount of energy an atom must absorb to discharge an electron
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Periodic Table and Trends
A Groups
Alkali Metals
• 
• 
• 
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• 
Most active metals
Stored under oil
1+ oxidation number
Because of their reactivity, alkali metals don’t
exist as free elements.
All Group 1 metals react vigorously with water.
Hydrogen
• 
• 
Unique element, most abundant in the universe
(75%)
Nonmetal on the left side of the Periodic Table
(found in metal column)
•  Gas state
•  One valence electron
Halogens
• 
• 
Most active nonmetals
1- oxidation number
Noble Gases
• 
• 
• 
Relatively inactive (inert)
Contain 8 valence electrons
All gases
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Periodic Table and Trends
Order the following from greatest (5) to least (1) for:
Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, Atomic Radius, Electron Affinity, Ionization Energy, Metallic
Character and Nonmetallic Character: Oxygen, Magnesium, Carbon, Iron, Lead
Atomic
Number
Atomic
Mass
Atomic
Radius
Electron
Affinity
Ionization
Energy
Metallic
Character
Nonmetallic
Character
Oxygen
Magnesium
Carbon
Iron
Lead
Sketch all known trends on the Periodic Table below:
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Periodic Table and Trends
Help your child identify a missing element.
You pick the element.
Identify what body part of your “people” represents each of the following characteristics?
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
Valence electrons
Energy level
Family name (or crest)
Number of electrons
The period number
Discuss the following questions with your child:
• 
• 
What element is your missing “person?”
Identify the first element in your sequence of “people”
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Periodic Table and Trends
Structure and Properties of Matter
Table Notes
As you read about trends in the Periodic Table, make notes on the table below. Make sure to include any key vocabulary terms you come
across as well.
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