V. F. Peretokina
REFLECTION OF THE NATIONAL MENTALITY IN THE ENGLISH
PHRASIOLOGISMS AND THEIR TRANSLATION
The article deals with the problems of meaning and translation of the English
verbal phraseological units with the word heart. Different ways of their translation
and adequacy of translation have been analyzed. Reflection of the national mentality
in the English verbal phraseological units and their Ukrainian translations has been
determined.
Phraseology is an important and inseparable part of the language learning and
translation. Phraseological units contain information reflecting a long history of the
people, their customs and traditions. The semantic group of the somatic
phraseological units is one of the biggest and the names of the parts of the man’s
body are used in many of the phraseologisms. The aim of the research is to analyze
the meaning and translation of the English verbal somatic phraseological units with
the word heart and to define the adequate ways of their translation, to determine the
reflection of the national mentality in them. Having analyzed the meaning of the
English verbal somatic units with the word heart, we have come to the conclusion
that the most adequate and expressive way of translation is to find the Ukrainian
phraseological analogue with the components серце or душа/дух. The use of the
components душа/дух in the translation of the English phraseological units with the
word heart is the reflection of the national mentality of the Ukrainian people.
Sometimes the English phraseological units with the word heart are translated into
Ukrainian by the phraseological analogues with other somatic components (рукa,
язик, ум). The members of the second group of the English verbal somatic
phraseological units are translated by the Ukrainian verbs reflecting the meaning of
the English phraseological units rather adequately. Sometimes while translating the
phraseological unit with the word heart it is impossible to find a Ukrainian
phraseologism-analogue or to choose a verb reflecting the meaning of it. In this case
it is necessary to use a descriptive way of translation.
Key words: English phraseological units, verbal phraseological units, meaning,
ways of translation, adequacy, phraseological analogue, national mentality.