Name
Date
Chemical Bonds
Section 3 Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds
Scan Section 3 of your book, using the checklist below.
• Read all section titles.
• Read all bold words.
• Read all charts and graphs.
• Look at all the pictures and read their captions.
• Think about what you already know about chemical formulas and
compounds.
Formulate two questions about what you would like to learn.
Accept all reasonable responses.
1 What is an oxidation number?
2. What is a complex ion?
ion
an atom that has gained or lost electrons
New
Vocabulary Define the following vocabulary words. Use your book for help.
oxidation number
the number that tells how many electrons an atom gains, loses,
or shares to become stable
binary compound
a compound made of two elements
polyatomic ion
a charged group of atoms bonded together by a covalent bond
hydrate
a compound that has water chemically attached to its ions and
written into its formula
Academic
Vocabulary Define formula. Use a dictionary for help.
formula
222
Chemical Bonds
a general fact, role, or principle expressed in math or symbols
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Review
Vocabulary Define ion. Use your book for help.
Name
Date
Section 3 Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds
Writing Chemical
Formulas
I found this information
on page
.
SE, pp. 565–566
RE, pp. 328–329
(continued)
Complete the table below for sodium and chlorine. Use the
periodic table in your book.
Element Oxidation Number
Positive or Negative
Charge?
Sodium
1
positive
Chlorine
1
negative
Define what an oxidation number of 1 means.
Accept all reasonable answers. An oxidation number of 1+ means
that the element needs to gain one electron to become stable.
I found this information
on page
.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
SE, p. 567
RE, p. 330
Summarize the three steps in writing a formula for an ionic
compound by completing the graphic organizer below.
Accept all reasonable answers.
1. Write the symbol of the element or polyatomic ion that has
the positive oxidation number or charge. Hydrogen, NH4,
and metals have positive oxidation numbers.
2. Write the symbol of the element or polyatomic ion with the
negative oxidation number. Nonmetals other than hydrogen
and polyatomic ions other than NH4 have negative
oxidation numbers.
3. The charge (without the sign) of one ion becomes the
subscript of the other ion. Reduce the subscripts to the
smallest whole numbers that retain the ratio of ions.
Remember that the resulting compound is neutral in its
charge.
Chemical Bonds
223
Name
Date
Section 3 Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds
Compounds with
Complex Ions
I found this information
on page
.
SE, pp. 569–570
RE, p. 331
(continued)
Organize the steps for finding the formula for ammonium sulfate
by completing the questions and answers below. Look at the
Polyatomic Ions table in your book for help. Accept all reasonable
responses.
Question: What is the positive ion and its charge?
Answer: The positive ion is NH4 with charge 1.
Question: What is the negative ion and its charge?
Answer: The negative ion is SO4
2
and its charge is 2.
Question: Balance the charges to make the compound neutral.
2 (2); the
Answer: Two NH4 ions (2) balance one SO4
charge of one becomes the subscript of the other. Add
The formula is:
Compounds with
Added Water
I found this information
on page
.
SE, pp. 570–571
RE, p. 333
(NH4)2SO4
Summarize the information about hydrates by filling in the blanks
below.
Some ionic compounds have
structure. A
hydrate
water molecules
as part of their
has water chemically attached to its ions
and written into its chemical formula . The
removed from the hydrate crystals by
water
heating
can be
them. The
form of the compound without water is described as anhydrous .
The formula CaSO4 2H2O is named
whose common name is gypsum. The
water),
paris.
224
Chemical Bonds
CaSO4
calcium sulfate dihydrate ,
anhydrous
form (without
is the common powder known as plaster of
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
parentheses for subscripts greater than one.
Name
Date
Section 3 Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds
Naming Binary
Covalent Bonds
I found this information
on page
.
SE, pp. 570–571
RE, pp. 333–334
Analyze eight different binary covalent compounds of your
choice. Write the formula for each compound in the left column.
Write out the name in the right column. Use the Prefixes for
Covalent Compounds table in your book for help.
Accept all reasonable responses.
Formula
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
(continued)
Name
CONNECT IT
Think of three common chemical compounds people use every
day. Based on the rules listed throughout this section, write out the chemical formulas
and chemical names of each one.
Accept all reasonable responses. water, H2O, or dihydrogen oxide; table salt, NaCl,
sodium chloride; baking soda, NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate; baking powder, NaAl(SO4)2 ,
sodium aluminum sulfate
Chemical Bonds
225
Name
Date
Chemical Bonds
Chapter Wrap-Up
Now that you have read the chapter, think about what you have
learned and complete the table below.
1. Write an A if you agree with the statement.
2. Write a D if you disagree with the statement.
After You
Read
Chemical Bonds
• The properties of a chemical compound are the
same as the properties of each element it contains.
D SE p. 553
RE p. 312
• An atom can gain or lose electrons in its
outer shell.
A SE p. 558
RE p. 318
• Atoms can share electrons.
A SE p. 561
RE p. 321
• The oxidation number is the number of oxygen
atoms in a molecule.
D SE p. 565
RE p. 325
Review
Use this checklist to help you study.
Review the information you included in your Foldable.
Study your Science Notebook on this chapter.
Study the definitions of vocabulary words.
Review daily homework assignments.
Re-read the chapter and review the charts, graphs, and illustrations.
Review the Self Check at the end of each section.
Look over the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter.
S UMMARIZE I T
After reading this chapter, list three things you learned
about chemical bonds.
Accept all reasonable responses.
226
Chemical Bonds
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Compare your previous answers to these.