KIRGIZIA
TADZHIKISTAN
Introduction vi
Coverage of Victorian Essential Learning Standards
(VELS) vii
How to use this book xii
About the CD-ROM xiv
Acknowledgements xv
AFGHANISTAN
CHINA
NEPAL
PAKISTAN
BHUTAN
BANGLADESH MYANMAR
LAOS
INDIA
330
340
10
30
40
31
300
ENE
60
290
70
80
270
100
260
250
0
23
13
0
SE
140
150
160
SSE
170
180
S
190
200
210
220
SW
OCEAN
Auckland Is (N.Z.)
Lost in the desert 60
Deserts of the world 62
Why are deserts dry? 64
Water in an arid land 66
Desert forms and patterns 68
Survival skills in the desert 70
Life in the desert 72
Humans adapt to the desert 74
Humans change the desert 76
Coober Pedy — desert town 78
Desert Sun: Sand blankets Beijing 80
Check and challenge 82
Summary of key terms 84
ESE
240
3000 km
CHAPTER 3: Deserts 59
110
120
WSW
2000
E
90
W
280
W NW
NE
16
SSW
CHAPTER 2: The Asia–Pacific region 31
Asia–Pacific landforms 32
The Summit: On top of the world 34
Australian landforms 36
Natural environments of the Asia–Pacific region
1000
Adapting to natural environments 40
Environments under threat 42
Population in the Asia–Pacific region 46
Human patterns in the Asia–Pacific region
Growing rice in Indonesia 50
Australia’s human environments 52
Asian tsunami crisis 54
Check and challenge 56
Summary of key terms 58
50
Understanding scale 10
Using grid references 12
Latitude and longitude 14
Longitude and world time zones
Map projections 18
Different types of maps 20
Working with photographs 22
Satellite images 24
Making graphs 26
Check and challenge 28
Summary of key terms 30
Tropic of Cancer
NORTHERN
MARIANAS
NEW
ZEALAND
SOUTHERN
NNE
20
PAC I F I C
OCEAN
AU S T R A L I A
OCEAN
0
0
NW
320
N
0
TAIWAN
N
From a bird’s-eye view 2
What is a map? 4
Using map legends 6
Finding your way 8
350
NORTH KOREA
SOUTH KOREA
JAPAN
Hawaii
(U.S.A.)
THAILAND VIETNAM PHILIPPINES
CAMBODIA
MARSHALL ISLANDS
PALAU
SRI LANKA
BRUNEI
MICRONESIA
MALAYSIA
MALDIVES
Equator
NAURU
SINGAPORE
PAPUA
KIRIBATI
NEW GUINEA
INDONESIA
SOLOMON TUVALU
ISLANDS
EAST TIMOR
SAMOA
FIJI
VANUATU
COOK
ISLANDS
INDIAN
TONGA NIUE Tropic of Capricorn
CHAPTER 1: Geospatial skills 1
NN W
MONGOLIA
International Date Line
Contents
RUSSIA
KAZAKHSTAN
38
48
CHAPTER 4: Endangered species 85
CHAPTER 6: Living in the Asia–Pacific
region 133
Asian–Pacific diversity 134
Asian–Pacific populations 136
Indigenous people 138
Asian–Pacific
religions 140
Asian–Pacific land
use 142
Mining in the
Pacific 144
Fishing in the Pacific
Islands 146
Living conditions 148
Manila Times: Dump
disaster 150
Assisting our world — the AusAID program
Helping East Timor 154
Check and challenge 156
Summary of key terms 158
Gorillas in the mist 86
Going, going, gone 88
Where are they? 90
Disappearing habitats 92
Giant pandas on the brink 94
Saving the mountain pygmy possum 96
Illegal wildlife trade 98
Managing elephants 100
Endangered in Australia 102
The Last Post: Cat murders bilby 104
Check and challenge 106
Summary of key terms 108
CHAPTER 7: Weather and hazards 159
Weather — what is it?
160
The Sun: Tennis sizzler 162
Hot and cold places 164
The water cycle 166
Signs in the sky 168
Read a weather map 170
Too much rain — floods 172
Thunderstorms 174
Wild winds 176
Bushfire: Australian hazard 178
CHAPTER 5: Advanced geospatial skills 109
The language of maps 110
Showing height on maps 112
Contour lines 114
Common contour patterns 116
Cross-sections 118
Introducing topographic maps 120
Working with topographic maps 122
River patterns 124
Using technology 126
Geographic information systems 128
Check and challenge 130
Summary of key terms 132
Black Saturday 180
Drought in Australia 182
Check and challenge 184
Summary of key terms 186
iv
152
CHAPTER 8: Volcanoes and earthquakes 187
Broken plates 188
How volcanoes work 190
Volcanic landforms 192
Living with volcanoes 194
Eruption at Rabaul, Papua New Guinea
196
Highways of destruction 228
Rescuing the rainforests 230
Check and challenge 232
Summary of key terms 234
CHAPTER 10: Antarctica 235
Antarctica — the facts 236
Ice, ice and more ice 238
Cold, dry and windy 240
Living in a freezer 242
The riches of Antarctica 244
Science on the ice 246
The Antarctic Star: Threats abound
248
How earthquakes happen 198
Napier earthquake 200
Earthquake survival 202
Bangkok Today: Tsunami! 204
Research and presentation 206
Check and challenge 208
Summary of key terms 210
CHAPTER 9: Rainforests 211
Jungle Beat: Jungle plane crash 212
The rainforest biome 214
The amazin’ Amazon 216
Why are rainforests so important? 218
Living in the jungle 220
Australia’s rainforests 222
Daintree River National Park, Queensland
Rainforests under attack 226
Construct an overlay map 250
Australia and the Antarctic 252
Australia’s Antarctic hero: Sir Douglas Mawson
Check and challenge 256
Summary of key terms 258
224
Index 259
v
254